【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社|选修一|Unit 1: Laugh out loud|语法&口语和写作

学习重点

Ø词汇学习 【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社｜选修一｜Unit 1: Laugh out loud｜词汇学习

Ø语法：Non-defining attributive clauses

Ø口语&写作：Write about a comedian & Do a stand-up comedy act

语法：非限制性定语从句（Non‑defining attributive clauses）

语法核心讲解

概念

非限制性定语从句：对先行词做补充、附加说明，去掉后主句意思依然完整；书写必须用逗号和主句隔开，不能用that引导。

对比限制性定语从句：用来限定、缩小先行词范围，去掉后主句意思不完整，无逗号，可以用that。

关系词用法

1.where：先行词表地点，在从句中作地点状语

I walk through the doors into the waiting area, where there’s a familiar atmosphere of boredom and tension.

我穿过大门来到候诊区，那里弥漫着熟悉的无聊又紧张的气氛。

✦ where指代 the waiting area

2.which：指代前面整件事/事物，从句作主语或宾语

…laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better, which means clown doctors can be helpful.

笑声会产生使人感觉舒服的化学物质，这就意味着小丑医生可以起到作用。

✦ which指代逗号前面整件事：laughter produces chemicals to make people feel better

3.when：先行词表时间，从句中作时间状语

I spent much of the time, when I was there, feeling frightened…

我在那里的大部分时间都感到害怕……

✦ when指代 much of the time

补充高频关系词

- who：先行词是人，从句作主语，非限制性从句，逗号隔开

Mr Li, who is our English teacher, is very humorous.

李先生，我们的英语老师，十分幽默。

- whose：表所属“……的”

Tom, whose father is a composer, loves music.

汤姆，他父亲是作曲家，热爱音乐。

关键考点

1.非限制性定语从句绝对不能用that

2.which可以指代前面整件句子内容，这是高考常考点

3.逗号不能省略；删掉从句，主句仍然完整通顺

幸福小贴士（非限制性定语从句）

1.Go for a walk in the countryside, where you can enjoy the beautiful views and a peaceful atmosphere.

去乡下散散步，在那里你可以欣赏美景，感受宁静的氛围。

2.Spend time with your family and friends, who will activate chemicals in your brain to make you feel happier.

陪伴你的家人朋友，他们会激活你大脑内的化学物质，让你更加快乐。

3.Try to accept your mistakes, through which you can learn a lot.

试着接纳你的错误，通过错误你可以学到很多。

4.Close your eyes and picture the future, when you’ve made your dreams come true.

闭上眼睛畅想未来，那时你的梦想已经实现。

5. Keep an optimistic attitude, which can help you get through hard times.

保持乐观心态，这可以帮你渡过困境。

6. Read literary works, which bring you amusement and relaxation.

读文学作品，它带给你消遣和放松。

笑话阅读

One day, Sherlock Holmes and Dr Watson go camping. They put up their tent under the stars and go to sleep. Suddenly, in the middle of the night, Watson is woken up by Holmes, who is lying next to him.

“Watson,” Holmes says, “look up at the stars, and tell me what they tell you.” Not quite sure what he means, Watson thinks Holmes is joking, which he finds annoying at this time of night. Even so, he replies, “I see millions of stars and it’s quite likely there are some planets like Earth. And if so, this means that there might also be life on other planets.” Watson is pleased with his answer, which he thinks will impress Holmes.

But Holmes, who has lost his patience by now, shouts, “Watson, look around you! Use your eyes! Somebody’s stolen our tent!”

一天，福尔摩斯和华生医生去露营。他们在星空下搭起帐篷睡觉。半夜，睡在他身旁的福尔摩斯叫醒了华生。

“华生，”福尔摩斯说，“抬头看看星星，告诉我它们告诉你什么。”

华生不太懂他的用意，心里觉得福尔摩斯在开玩笑，大半夜的，这让他感到很烦。即便如此，他答道：“我看到无数星星，很可能存在像地球一样的行星。如果这样，其他星球或许存在生命。”华生对自己这个他认为会给福尔摩斯留下深刻印象的回答很得意。

但这时已经失去耐心的福尔摩斯大喊：“华生！看看你的四周！睁大眼！有人偷走我们的帐篷！”

短语积累（单元重点习语）

- grin from ear to ear 咧嘴开怀大笑

- laugh one’s head off 狂笑不已

- be all grins and smiles 满脸堆笑

- laughing stock 笑柄

- crack a smile 笑起来

范文：用非限制性定语从句写小笑话

A man, who was walking in a park, saw a penguin, which was lost. He drove to a policeman, who told him to send the penguin to the zoo. Next day the policeman met the man again, who was still with the penguin. “Why haven’t you sent it to the zoo?” asked the policeman. The man answered, “I sent it to the zoo yesterday, which was great fun, so today I’m taking it to the cinema.”

一个正在公园散步的男人看见了一只迷路的企鹅。他开车去找警察，警察叫他把企鹅送去动物园。第二天警察又碰到这个人，他还带着企鹅。警察问：“你怎么没送它去动物园？”男人答道：“我昨天送它去动物园，那可太好玩了，所以今天我带它去看电影。”

练习题

Ⅰ单句填空（用which/who/where/when）

1.We reached the town, ______ there is an old circus.

2.He failed the exam, ______ made him a laughing‑stock of his class.

3.My deskmate, ______ is a mischievous boy, often plays practical jokes.

4.I will never forget the days, ______ we took a trip to the amusement park.

Ⅱ改错（每句一处错误）

1.He told a joke, that made everybody crack a smile.

2.The girl, which has curly hair, impressed us deeply.

Ⅲ句子翻译（必须使用非限制性定语从句）

1.他来到了游乐场，在那里他度过愉快的一天。

2.他接受了这个建议，这对他十分重要。

参考答案

Ⅰ

1.where

2.which

3.who

4.when

Ⅱ

1.that → which（非限制性不能用that）

2.which → who（先行词是人）

Ⅲ

1.He got to the amusement park, where he spent a pleasant day.

2.He accepted this suggestion, which was essential for him.

口语&写作：Write about a comedian & Do a stand-up comedy act

课文文本 Charlie Chaplin’s Legacy

1 Charlie Chaplin was a British actor, filmmaker and composer. He became famous in the 1910s, when films were silent and in black and white.

2 Charlie Chaplin was one of the best comedy actors of his time because he knew how to use his body and facial features to make people laugh. In my opinion, the funniest thing about Charlie Chaplin was the way he walked when he was acting as the Tramp, who is his most famous character. The Tramp is a poor man with a kind heart who has unexpected adventures. These adventures, often involving the police, are usually the funniest scenes.

3 My favourite Charlie Chaplin film is Modern Times and my favourite scene is in the factory where Charlie Chaplin is working on a production line. When a bee starts circling around Charlie’s face, he falls behind with his work. It’s so funny to watch him trying to keep up!

4 I think the power of Charlie Chaplin’s works is not only in his acting, but also in the stories and characters he created. The Tramp is a symbol of the silent cinema and even after so many years, he is still able to make people laugh.

1 查理·卓别林是英国演员、电影制作人兼作曲家。他于20世纪10年代成名，那时电影都是黑白无声影片。

2 查理·卓别林是他所处时代最优秀的喜剧演员之一，因为他懂得如何运用肢体与面部特征逗乐观众。在我看来，卓别林最有趣的地方是他扮演流浪汉时走路的姿态，流浪汉是他最知名的角色。流浪汉是一个心地善良的穷人，经历各种意想不到的奇遇。这些常常和警察打交道的奇遇，往往就是最搞笑的片段。

3 我最喜欢的卓别林电影是《摩登时代》，我最喜欢的片段发生在工厂，卓别林在流水线上工作。一只蜜蜂围着他的脸打转，于是他工作进度落后。看着他拼命跟上节奏的样子十分滑稽！

4 我认为卓别林作品的魅力不仅在于他的表演，还在于他塑造的故事和人物。流浪汉是无声电影的象征，时隔多年，这个角色依旧能让人开怀大笑。

标题匹配

Paragraph1：General Introduction to Charlie Chaplin（对卓别林的总体介绍）

Paragraph2：Charlie Chaplin’s Unique Acting Style（卓别林独特的表演风格）

Paragraph3：My Favourite Charlie Chaplin Film（我最喜欢的卓别林电影）

Paragraph4：The Power of Charlie Chaplin’s Works（卓别林作品的力量）

写作模板：介绍喜剧人物

写作四部分结构

1.General introduction：人物身份、国籍、时代、地位

2.Why I like him/her：喜欢的理由（表演风格、性格）

3.His / Her funniest work：代表作品、经典片段

4.My comments：个人评价，作品价值、影响力

示范

General introduction:

Feng Gong is a well‑known Chinese comedian, who rose to fame for his Spring Festival Gala performances.

Why I like him/her:

I admire his witty language and gentle humour, which can bring warmth to ordinary audiences.

His / Her funniest work:

My favourite sketch is A Bad Joke, where he plays a common citizen faced with interesting daily troubles.

My comments:

His works reflect real‑life stories, which still touch and amuse audiences today.

完整成文范文

Feng Gong is a well‑known Chinese comedian, who rose to fame for his wonderful performances on the Spring Festival Gala. He is one of the most popular comedians in China, because he uses witty words to show ordinary people’s lives.

In my opinion, the most impressive part of his performance is his humorous tone, which brings comfort to millions of viewers. My favourite sketch is A Bad Joke, where he acts as a common citizen faced with funny daily troubles.

I believe the power of his works lies not only in great jokes, but also in true reflections of real life. His shows, which have lasted for decades, still make audiences laugh aloud.

译文：冯巩是中国知名喜剧演员，因春晚精彩演出声名鹊起。他是国内最受欢迎喜剧演员之一，用风趣语言展现普通人的生活。

在我看来，他表演最打动人的地方是幽默的口吻，给无数观众带来慰藉。我最喜欢小品《笑谈人生》，在这部作品里，他饰演遭遇有趣日常困境的普通百姓。

我认为他作品的魅力不仅在于好笑的段子，更在于对现实生活真实的反映。历经数十年，他的节目依然能让观众开怀大笑。

stand‑up comedy脚本写作

写作要点

1.Topic选题：personal experience个人经历 / social event社会事件 / popular culture流行文化

2.Presenting ways：storytelling讲故事、joke‑telling讲笑话、audience interaction互动、mime哑剧表演

3.Punch line：笑话的点睛收尾句（制造笑点）

4.结构：Opening开场 → Main body主体故事笑话 → Closing结尾

示范脚本

板块 Script脚本 

Opening Good morning, everyone! Have you ever met some funny moments in your school life? Today I’d like to share one of them with you. 

Main body Last week I rushed toward my classroom, where I hoped not to fall behind with my homework. I was in such a hurry that I grabbed my classmate’s textbook by mistake. When I opened it in class, I found totally different notes, which made me want to crack a smile. 

Closing Small silly moments like this are exactly what make our school life amusing. Thank you! 

中文参考

开场：各位早上好！大家有没有在校园遇到过滑稽瞬间？今天我想和大家分享一则。

主体：上周我冲向教室，生怕作业进度落后。我太匆忙，错拿了同学课本。课上翻开书，我看到完全不一样的笔记，差点笑出声。

结尾：正是这类小小的傻趣事，让校园生活充满乐趣。谢谢大家！

自测练习

一、单句填空（用非限制性定语从句）

1.Charlie Chaplin, ______ was a British composer, created many classic films.

2.Modern Times, ______ is one of his masterpieces, describes workers’ hard life.

3.He loved the factory setting, ______ many funny stories took place.

二、句子翻译（必用非限制性定语从句）

1.这位喜剧演员，其作品闻名全世界，在二十世纪二十年代走红。

2.我最喜欢他的短片，在短片里他扮演心地善良的普通人。

参考答案

一、1.who2. which3. where

二、

1.The comedian, whose works are famous all over the world, became popular in the 1920s.

2.I like his short film best, where he plays a poor man with a kind heart.