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初中英语语法每日一讲|固定介词搭配专项
初中英语语法每日一讲|固定介词搭配专项初中英语里,介词本身规则我们之前已经学习过,但大量动词和介词绑定的固定短语,没有太多语法逻辑可以推导,是很多同学的薄弱板块。 中考完形填空、单项选择、短文填空经常考查这类短语辨析,很多同学容易混淆 look for / look after、hear of / hear from 这类外形相近的短语。 今天我们专门梳理初中核心动词+介词短语,辨析易混搭配,拆解考题陷阱,搭配足量英文例句巩固记忆。
动词加介词构成短语动词,这类短语有一个重要特点:宾语必须放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词中间。这一点和“动词+副词”短语有明显区别,也是考试最常挖坑的地方。
例:Please look after your little sister. ✅
Please look your little sister after. ❌
第一组:look 系列高频介词搭配
1. look for 寻找(强调动作过程)
I am looking for my English notebook. 我正在寻找我的英语笔记本。
2. look after 照顾,照看
She looks after her grandma every weekend. 她每周末照顾奶奶。
3. look at 看一看,注视
Don’t look at the window in class. 上课不要看向窗外。
4. look into 调查;向内看
The police will look into this accident. 警方将会调查这起事故。
第二组:hear 系列易混搭配
1. hear of 听说
I have never heard of this story. 我从未听说过这个故事。
2. hear from 收到……来信
I hear from my pen pal once a month. 我每月收到一次笔友的来信。
第三组:think 系列搭配
1. think of 想到;认为
What do you think of this movie? 你觉得这部电影怎么样?
2. think about 思考,考虑
He is thinking about changing his plan. 他正在考虑更改他的计划。
第四组:其他中考必考动词+介词搭配
1. depend on 依靠,取决于
Success depends on your hard work. 成功取决于你的努力。
2. wait for 等待
We are waiting for the school bus. 我们正在等校车。
3. agree with 同意(某人观点)
I agree with what you said. 我同意你所说的话。
4. deal with 处理,应对
How will you deal with this problem? 你将如何处理这个问题?
5. worry about 担心
Don’t worry about your exam. 不要担心你的考试。
👉 重点辨析:动词+介词 VS 动词+副词
动词+介词:宾语只能后置(look after it ✔,look it after ✘)
动词+副词:代词宾语必须放中间(put it on ✔,put on it ✘)
例句:
The coat is nice. Please put it on.(put on:动词+副词)
You should look after it well.(look after:动词+介词)
⚠️ 高频易错提醒
1. 短语记忆不要单独背单词,要整句背诵,区分语义差别,很多短语中文翻译接近,但使用场景完全不同。
2. 完形填空中,优先结合上下文语义判断,不要仅凭中文意思直接选择。
3. 部分短语有多重含义,比如 think of 除了“想到”,还可以表示“认为”,需要结合语境判断。
这类介词短语贯穿整个初中英语试卷,短文填空经常直接考查介词填写,完形填空大量辨析。 集中攻克这一类固定搭配,能快速提升完形和语法填空的正确率。平时刷题时,可以专门准备短语本,遇到陌生搭配及时积累,长期坚持,语感和做题速度都会明显提升。
配套练习题
一、单项选择
1. I’m ______ my keys. Did you see them?
A. looking after B. looking for C. looking into
2. I haven’t ______ my sister for two months.
A. heard from B. heard of C. heard at
3. The result ______ your daily effort.
A. depends in B. depends on C. depends at
4. What do you ______ the new English teacher?
A. think of B. think over C. think for
5. Don’t ______ me. I can finish the task.
A. worry for B. worry about C. worry at
二、用合适的介词填空
1. Please wait ______ me at the school gate.
2. I don’t agree ______ your idea.
3. How do you deal ______ the trouble?
4. She often looks ______ her younger brother.
5. He is thinking ______ his summer plan.
三、句型改写(同义句转换)
1. What do you think of the book?
= How do you ______ ______ the book?
参考答案
一、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B
二、1.for 2.with 3.with 4.after 5.about
三、feel about
动词加介词构成短语动词,这类短语有一个重要特点:宾语必须放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词中间。这一点和“动词+副词”短语有明显区别,也是考试最常挖坑的地方。
Please look your little sister after. ❌
第一组:look 系列高频介词搭配
1. look for 寻找(强调动作过程)
I am looking for my English notebook. 我正在寻找我的英语笔记本。
She looks after her grandma every weekend. 她每周末照顾奶奶。
Don’t look at the window in class. 上课不要看向窗外。
The police will look into this accident. 警方将会调查这起事故。
第二组:hear 系列易混搭配
1. hear of 听说
I have never heard of this story. 我从未听说过这个故事。
I hear from my pen pal once a month. 我每月收到一次笔友的来信。
第三组:think 系列搭配
1. think of 想到;认为
What do you think of this movie? 你觉得这部电影怎么样?
He is thinking about changing his plan. 他正在考虑更改他的计划。
第四组:其他中考必考动词+介词搭配
1. depend on 依靠,取决于
Success depends on your hard work. 成功取决于你的努力。
We are waiting for the school bus. 我们正在等校车。
I agree with what you said. 我同意你所说的话。
How will you deal with this problem? 你将如何处理这个问题?
Don’t worry about your exam. 不要担心你的考试。
👉 重点辨析:动词+介词 VS 动词+副词
动词+介词:宾语只能后置(look after it ✔,look it after ✘)
The coat is nice. Please put it on.(put on:动词+副词)
⚠️ 高频易错提醒
1. 短语记忆不要单独背单词,要整句背诵,区分语义差别,很多短语中文翻译接近,但使用场景完全不同。
这类介词短语贯穿整个初中英语试卷,短文填空经常直接考查介词填写,完形填空大量辨析。
配套练习题
一、单项选择
1. I’m ______ my keys. Did you see them?
A. looking after B. looking for C. looking into
A. heard from B. heard of C. heard at
A. depends in B. depends on C. depends at
A. think of B. think over C. think for
A. worry for B. worry about C. worry at
二、用合适的介词填空
1. Please wait ______ me at the school gate.
三、句型改写(同义句转换)
1. What do you think of the book?
= How do you ______ ______ the book?
参考答案
一、1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B
二、1.for 2.with 3.with 4.after 5.about
三、feel about