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2023 年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版 2019)
选择性必修一 Unit 4 Body Language
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020· 天津高考) Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of ____________ (vary)weights
from the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.
2. (2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) However, her children have learned an important lesson ____________ (witness)their
mother earn her degree.
3. (2020· 天津高考)It encourages us ____________(occupy) our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the
dark, to be satisfied.
4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) We are often ashamed ____________ our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
5. (2019·北京高考) Some students don’t have a ____________ (rely)car, while others have to share vehicles with
parents who work six days a week.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. In the middle of China lies Hubei Province, ____________________________________.
湖北省位于中国的中部, 它的省会在长江之滨。
2. It is a statement ____________________________________.
这一陈述与其他证词不一致。
3. Chemicals in the body ____________________________________ into useful substances.
身体内的化学物质把食物分解成有用的物质。
4. I remembered ____________________________________ when I left the room.
我记得我离开房间的时候关灯了。
5. She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, ____________________________________, had done very well.
她考试差点不及格, 而她的妹妹相比之下考得很好。
Ⅲ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions 1.
____________ other people. We can learn a lot about 2. ____________ people are thinking by watching their
body language.
Just like spoken language, body language 3. ____________ (vary)from culture to culture. The crucial thing is
using body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact—looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye
contact is not always 4. ____________(approve) of.
The gesture for “OK” has different 5. ____________(mean) in different cultures. In Japan, someone who
witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an
identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid 6. ____________ (make)this
gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and
how we act when we meet or part. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on 7.
____________ cheek when they meet.
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. 8. ____________ (place)your hands together and
resting them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”.
Some body language has many different uses. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find
friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down barriers. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the
mirror to make 9. ____________ (you)feel happier and 10. ____________(strong). And if we are feeling down
or lonely, there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
IV.阅读理解
A
Sometimes people add to what they say even when they don’t talk. Gestures are the“silent language”of every
culture. We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want to say. It is important to know
the body language of every country or we may be misunderstood.
In the USA, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If
the handshake is weak, it is a sign of weakness or unfriendliness. Friends may place a hand on the other’s arm or
shoulder. Some people, usually women, greet a friend with a hug.
Space is important to Americans. When two people talk to each other, they usually stand about two and a half
feet away and at an angle (角度), so they are not facing each other directly. Americans get uncomfortable when a
person stands too close. They will move back to have their space. If Americans touch another person by accident,
they say, “Pardon me” or “Excuse me”. Americans like to look at the other person in the eyes when they are talking.
If you don’t do so, it means you are bored, hiding something, or are not interested. But when you stare at someone,
it is not polite.
For Americans, thumbs up means yes, very good, or well done. Thumbs down means the opposite. To call awaiter, raise one hand to head level or above. To show you want the check, make a movement with your hands as if
you are signing a piece of paper. It is all right to point at things but not at people with the hand and index finger(食
指). Americans shake their index finger at children when they scold them and pat them on the head when they
admire them.
Learning a culture’s body language is sometimes confusing. If you don’t know what to do, the safest thing to
do is smile.
1. If you are introduced to a stranger in the USA, you should______.
A. greet him with a hug
B. place a hand on his shoulder
C. shake his hand firmly
D. shake his hand weakly
2. Which behavior is acceptable when people talk to each other in the USA?
A. Facing each other directly.
B. Touching each other.
C. Not looking at the other person in the eye.
D. Not standing too close.
3. When your American friend gives you a thumbs-up, he may ______.
A. express his satisfaction with you
B. show his anger at you
C. show his rudeness to you
D. express his worries about you
B
Amy Cuddy, a Harvard psychologist, has devoted her studies to the influence that body language has on your
confidence and, ultimately, success. Her biggest findings center on the powerful effects of positive body
language. Positive body language includes things like proper eye contact, active listening, and gestures that show
the message you’re trying to express. Studies show that people who use positive body language are more likable
(讨人喜欢的), persuasive, and emotionally intelligent. Here’s how it works:
Positive body language changes your attitude. Cuddy found that consciously (有意识地) changing your body
language to make it more positive improves your attitude because it has a powerful influence on your body.
It makes you more likable. In a Tufts University study, people watched soundless videos of doctors interacting
with their patients. Just by observing the doctors’ body language, people were able to guess which doctors ended upgetting complained by their patients. Body language plays a big role in how you’re viewed and can be more
important than your voice or even what you say. Learning to use positive body language will make people like you
and trust you more.
It improves your emotional intelligence. Your ability to effectively communicate your emotions and ideas is
central to your emotional intelligence. People whose body language is negative have a destructive effect on those
around them. Working to improve your body language has a great effect on your emotional intelligence.
We often think of body language as the result of our attitude or how we feel. This is true, but psychologists
have also shown that the opposite is true: changing your body language changes your attitude.
Have you felt the influence from changing your body language? Please click the link below to turn to the
comments page and share your thoughts there, so I can learn just as much from you as you do from me.
4. What is Cuddy’s biggest finding?
A. Soundless videos are good for observing body language.
B. Positive body language makes people become smarter.
C. Positive body language brings people many benefits.
D. People’s emotions greatly affect their body language.
5. Why does developing positive body language improve one’s attitude?
A. It affects one’s body greatly.
B. It decides how one is viewed.
C. It makes one more reliable.
D. It makes one more emotionally intelligent.
6. The underlined word “interacting” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by “______”.
A. playing B. communicating
C. fighting D. arguing
7. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. Emotional improvement totally depends on body language.
B. The author thinks it useless to change one’s body language.
C. People with positive body language are probably more successful.
D. It is widely known that changing body language can change one’s attitude.
V.完形填空
It may be difficult to understand non-verbal messages because different cultures have different expectations
about eye contact, physical 1 , etc.Let’s consider eye contact. Children from many Latin American and Asian 2 show respect by avoiding
the glance of important persons. A teacher who’s 3 with this, however, might consider the lack of eye contact
as a sign of disrespect. For many American Indian children, 4 a teacher in the eye and answering her
question in front of the class is “showing off”.
Culture greatly 5 attitudes towards physical contact, whether it’s a handshake, hug, or pat on the back. In
Asia, female friends 6 hold hands and men casually(随便地) hug one another as they walk down the street.
Americans, however, may feel uncomfortable with such public behavior. In some Asian cultures, affectionately
patting a(n) 7 head is strictly taboo(禁忌的), 8 it can be acceptable behavior between adults and young
children.
How close should people stand to each other when they’re having a conversation? In areas of the Middle East
and South America, people stand very close when 9 . Europeans like to have 10 distance between them,
while some Africans 11 even more space. You can create great discomfort by standing too close to another
person. Not being 12 of this can even prevent someone from understanding or 13 the ideas you’re
trying to get across.
To create a positive environment for communication, your non-verbal message must closely 14 your
verbal message. One way to do this is to carefully observe how children and families speak and behave around each
other and with people they respect. This can 1 5 clues about the true meaning of their non-verbal interactions.
1. A. exercise B. touch
C. education D. strength
2. A. schools B. villages
C. homelands D. cultures
3. A. uncertain B. angry
C. unfamiliar D. popular
4. A. seeing B. staring at
C. looking D. glancing at
5. A. influences B. supports
C. observes D. reduces
6. A. never B. often
C. seldom D. sometimes
7. A. child’s B. baby’s C. adult’s D. man’s
8. A. because B. although C. unless D. if9. A. talking B. eating
C. waiting D. listening
10. A. more B. less C. no D. little
11. A. hate B. prefer C. wish D. dream
12. A. afraid B. ashamed C. proud D. aware
13. A. suggesting B. considering
C. refusing D. accepting
14. A. pass B. explain C. match D. prepare
15. A. provide B. support C. prove D. search
补充：语法填空
Certainly, there are many nonverbal 1. __________(clue) that have completely different meanings in
different cultures. One of the most important means of nonverbal communication in any culture 2. __________(be)
eye contact. Eye contact, 3. __________simply refers to one person looking another person in the eye, seems to
have strong implications in almost every culture though these implications vary 4. __________(wide) across the
globe!
What does eye contact mean in the United States? Here, if you have good eye contact with a person, it
generally implies that you are 5. __________ (concern) with what that person is saying. If you look down or away
from a person rather than meeting him or her, you are considered to be either unfocused 6.
__________uninterested in him or her. Also, if you refuse 7. __________(meet) eye contact with a person, you
may be considered to lack 8. __________ (confident).
On the other hand, a person who makes eye contact with another person 9. __________ (think) to be
confident and bold and courage is always considered a good quality! So, 10. __________ summary, making
eye contact is generally considered a good thing in the United States.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying (vary)weights from the Leaning
Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground.
2. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing (witness)their mother earn her degree.
3. It encourages us to occupy(occupy) our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps into the dark, to be satisfied.
4. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures.
5.Some students don’t have a reliable (rely)car, while others have to share vehicles with parents who work sixdays a week.
Ⅱ. 1. In the middle of China lies Hubei Province, with its capital on the Yangtze River.
2. It is a statement in conflict with other evidence.
3. Chemicals in the body break down the food into useful substances.
4. I remembered turning off the lights when I left the room.
5. She had almost failed the exam, but her sister, by contrast, had done very well.
Ⅲ.
We use both words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our interactions 1. with
other people. We can learn a lot about 2. what people are thinking by watching their body language.
Just like spoken language, body language 3. varies (vary)from culture to culture. The crucial thing is using
body language in a way that is appropriate to the culture you are in. For example, making eye contact—
looking into someone’s eyes—in some countries is a way to display interest. In other countries, by contrast, eye
contact is not always 4. approved(approve) of.
The gesture for “OK” has different 5. meanings(mean) in different cultures. In Japan, someone who
witnesses another person employing the gesture might think it means money. In France, a person encountering an
identical gesture may interpret it as meaning zero. However, you should avoid 6. making (make)this gesture
in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
There are also differences in how we touch each other, how close we stand to someone we are talking to, and
how we act when we meet or part. In countries like France and Russia, people may kiss their friends on 7. the
cheek when they meet.
Some gestures seem to have the same meaning everywhere. 8. Placing (place)your hands together and resting
them on the side of your head while closing your eyes means “sleep”.
Some body language has many different uses. A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find
friends in a world of strangers. A smile can break down barriers. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the
mirror to make 9. yourself (you)feel happier and 10. stronger(strong). And if we are feeling down or lonely,
there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend.
IV.
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了学习肢体语言在跨文化交流中的重要性。
1. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段前三句可知, 在美国, 当陌生人相互介绍的时候, 与对方握手要坚定有力, 否则会被视为不友好。
2. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句可知, 美国人谈话时不会离得太近。由此可知其他
三项即“直面对方、互相触摸以及眼睛不看对方”都不是恰当的行为。
3. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句可知, 对美国人来说, 竖起拇指意味着“干得很
好”, 拇指朝下表达意思相反。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了肢体语言通常被认为是我们观点和感受的表达方式, 但
反过来, 肢体语言的正确表达也可以改变我们的观点和感受, 使我们更受欢迎。
4. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知, Cuddy的研究发现肢体语言, 尤其是积极的肢体语
言带给人们很多益处。
5. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“because it has a powerful influence on your body”可知原因。
6. 【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据上下文可以看出, 医生跟病人之间有很多肢体语言的互动, 所以他们
应该是在交流。
7. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段得知Cuddy研究的重点就是积极的肢体语言对诸如自信与成功
的影响, 后文又提到积极的肢体语言会使人更受喜欢和值得信赖, 使人情商更高。故推断, 使用积极的肢体
语言的人可能更加成功。
V.【文章大意】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了不同的文化对眼神接触、身体接触等有不同的理解。另外,
不同的文化对人与人之间站立距离远近的理解也有所不同。所以, 要想真正了解一种文化, 一定不要忽视
肢体语言所传达的信息。
1. 【解析】选B。physical touch意为“身体接触”, 从第三段的physical contact可得到暗示。
2.【解析】选D。第一段已提到不同文化(different cultures)中人们对视线接触、身体接触等有不同的理解。
3.【解析】选C。在拉丁美洲和亚洲文化中, 小孩回避重要人物的视线是对其尊敬的表现。而对此不了解的
老师会误以为这是缺乏尊重。be unfamiliar with意为“对……不熟悉”。
4. 【解析】选C。look sb. in the eye意为“直视某人”。
5. 【解析】选A。本段讲身体接触在不同文化中的含义不同, 即“文化极大地影响了人们对身体接触的态
度”。
6. 【解析】选B。由于男性之间可以随意地拥抱一下, 故可推测女性朋友之间手拉手是常事。
7. 【解析】选C。在一些亚洲文化中, 摸成人的头是严格禁止的, 但是成人和小孩之间摸头是可以接受的。8. 【解析】选B。前后之间是让步关系, 故用although。
9. 【解析】选A。此处when talking与前一句的“when they’re having a conversation”意思一样。
10.【解析】选A。来自中东和南美洲的人谈话时站得很近, 而欧洲人需要保持的距离更大一些。
11.【解析】选B。该句中的while表示对比。一些非洲人甚至喜欢保持更远的距离。
12.【解析】选D。对谈话时要保持的距离要掌握清楚, 否则会造成麻烦。be aware of意为“意识到, 知
道”, 符合语境。
13. 【解析】选D。空前的or表示选择关系, 内容应与前面的understanding意思相近。意识不到人们交流
时保持的默认的距离甚至会阻碍他人理解或接受你试图传达的想法。
14. 【解析】选C。非语言信息与语言信息要相配(match), 要一致。
15. 【解析】选A。这样就可以为你真正理解他们的非语言交流提供线索。
补充：语法填空
【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了眼神交流及其在美国的意义。
1. 【解析】clues。考查名词的数。在“There be +主语”结构中, 名词作主语, 此空用名词, 此空前有many
修饰, 应用名词复数。故填clues。
2. 【解析】is。考查主谓一致。本文讲的是客观事实, 时态用一般现在时, 主语为One of the most important
means of nonverbal communication in any culture(任何文化中最重要的非语言交流手段之一), 是单数, 主谓一
致, 谓语也用单数。故填is。
3. 【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句关系词。此处是非限制性定语从句, 先行词是Eye contact, 指物,
在从句中作主语, 应用关系代词which。故填which。
4. 【解析】widely。考查副词。此处用副词widely(很大程度上)作状语修饰动词vary。故填widely。
5. 【解析】concerned。考查固定搭配。句意: 在这里, 如果你和一个人有很好的眼神交流, 这通常意味着
你关心那个人在说什么。固定搭配be concerned with. . . (关心……)。故填concerned。
6. 【解析】or。考查连词。句意: 如果你低下头, 或者看向别处, 而不是与他/她对视, 你就会被认为是对
他/她不关注或不感兴趣。由句意可知, 空前和空后为选择关系, 应用连词or, 构成固定搭配either. . . or. . .
(……或……)。故填or。
7. 【解析】to meet。考查动词不定式。固定搭配refuse to do sth. (拒绝做某事), 此处用动词不定式形式(to
do)。故填to meet。
8. 【解析】confidence。考查名词。句意: 另外, 如果你拒绝与一个人进行眼神交流, 你可能会被认为缺乏
自信。lack后跟名词作宾语, confidence作“自信”讲时是不可数名词。故填confidence。
9. 【解析】is thought。考查时态和语态。本文讲的是客观事实, 时态用一般现在时, 主语是a person, 和谓语动词think是被动关系, 应用一般现在时的被动语态, 主语是单数, 谓语也用单数。故填is thought。
10. 【解析】in。考查固定搭配。in summary意为“总之”。故填in。
