文档内容
押新高考卷第 31-35 题
阅读理解 D 篇 说明文或议论文
【三年考情回顾】
D篇
语篇 卷别 体裁 主题内容
I卷 说明文 “群体智慧”效应
2023年新
D篇
高考卷
城市化让人们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现
II卷 说明文
城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响
I卷 说明文 饮食变化带来发音变化
2022年新
D篇
高考卷
II卷 说明文 锻炼对于心脏的好处
I卷 说明文 人与自我：情商是品质还是技能
2021年新 D篇
高考卷
II卷 说明文 机器人监测牧牛的健康状况
议论文结构特点
1. 提出论点
结构一
2. 论据论证
3. 重申论点
1. 提出观点
结构二
2. 分析观点
3. 总结方法
1. 呈现话题
结构三
2. 甲方观点；乙方观点
3. 作者观点（2023·全国卷·高考真题）If you want to tell the history of the whole world, a history that does not privilege
one part of humanity, you cannot do it through texts alone, because only some of the world has ever had texts,
while most of the world, for most of the time, has not. Writing is one of humanity’s later achievements, and until
fairly recently even many literate (有文字的) societies recorded their concerns not only in writing but in things.
Ideally a history would bring together texts and objects, and some chapters of this book are able to do just that,
but in many cases we simply can’t. The clearest example of this between literate and non-literate history is perhaps
the first conflict, at Botany Bay, between Captain Cook’s voyage and the Australian Aboriginals. From the English
side, we have scientific reports and the captain’s record of that terrible day. From the Australian side, we have only
a wooden shield (盾) dropped by a man in flight after his first experience of gunshot. If we want to reconstruct what
was actually going on that day, the shield must be questioned and interpreted as deeply and strictly as the written
reports.
In addition to the problem of miscomprehension from both sides, there are victories accidentally or
deliberately twisted, especially when only the victors know how to write. Those who are on the losing side often
have only their things to tell their stories. The Caribbean Taino, the Australian Aboriginals, the African people of
Benin and the Incas, all of whom appear in this book, can speak to us now of their past achievements most
powerfully through the objects they made: a history told through things gives them back a voice. When we consider
contact (联系) between literate and non-literate societies such as these, all our first-hand accounts are necessarily
twisted, only one half of a dialogue. If we are to find the other half of that conversation, we have to read not just
the texts, but the objects.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A．How past events should be presented. B．What humanity is concerned about.
C．Whether facts speak louder than words. D．Why written language is reliable.
2．What does the author indicate by mentioning Captain Cook in paragraph 2?
A．His report was scientific. B．He represented the local people.
C．He ruled over Botany Bay. D．His record was one-sided.
3．What does the underlined word “conversation” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Problem. B．History. C．Voice. D．Society.4．Which of the following books is the text most likely selected from?
A． How Maps Tell Stories of the World B． A Short History of Australia
C． A History of the World in 100 Objects D． How Art Works Tell Stories
议论文答题策略
(1)忠实于原文上下文及全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。
文章中心是论点，事实细节是论据或主要理由；有关细节问题常对文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等
细节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
提问的特殊疑问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。
在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特定细节的问题常有以下几种命题方式：
①Which of the following statements is true?
②Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
③The author (or the passage) states that __________.
④According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.) __________?
(2)干扰项：范围过大、过小；偷换概念；正误并存，某个分句是正确的。
阅读理解中细节理解题的干扰项的设置有以下几个原则：
①包含项原则
在答案选项分析中，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其他三项 (或其中某一项)的理解，那么我们就说选
项A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。如在＂花＂与＂玫瑰＂两选项中，正确
答案肯定是＂花＂，花包含了玫瑰。
②正反项原则
所谓正反项，是指两选项陈述的命题完全相矛盾。两个相互矛盾的陈述不能都是假的，其中必有一真。
所以，假如四选项中A、B互为正反项，那我们通常先排除C、D项，正确答案一般在A、B项当中。
③委婉项原则
所谓委婉，这里是指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。
这些选项一般含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably, possibly, may, usually, might, most of,
more or less, relatively, be likely to, not necessary, although, yet, in addition, tend to等等，而含有绝对语气的表
达往往不是正确答案，如：must, always, never, all, every, any, merely, only, completely, none, hardly, already
等等。④同形项原则
命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考查考生的理解能力与
分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项中有正确答案的存在。
⑤常识项原则
议论文中，那些符合一般常识、意义深刻富有哲理、符合一般规律、属于普遍现象的往往是正确答案。
⑥因果项原则
阅读理解的逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题的选
项中，有的选项会推理不到位(止于前因)，或者推理过头(止于后果)，这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则启
示我们：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是两个因果项中的
其中之一。如果因项可产生几个结果，那么答案就是因；如果果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果。
解题方法：原文定位法。
查读法：(1)带着问题找答案，把注意力集中在与who, what, when, where问题有关的细节上。
(2)细心!
（2024·安徽池州·二模）How do we come to make sense of our daily lives? How can we gain a strong grasp
of who we really are and how we fit in the world? And how can we naturally connect to important ones in our
lives? “Life stories are one of the prime tools we have for understanding ourselves and the world around us.” says
Robyn Fivush, a professor at Emory University.
Humans are natural storytellers. We use stories to understand our present, draw insights from our past, and
anticipate the future. Thus, storytelling is basic to our lives. As a form of rich engagement between family
members, family storytelling should be valued more. Sharing bedtime stories and talks after school, or walking
through an event that left a young child crying—these are all opportunities for parents and children to become
closer through warmth, understanding and support. Fivush and her colleagues have underscored the value of
storytelling in parenting. The ways parents support children’s emotions and help them retell more vivid, richly
detailed stories have lasting impacts on children’s cognitive(认知的)and emotional development.
Children and teenagers learn how to talk about their lives from family stories. An early example is learning
how to present a detailed story with a beginning, a middle, and an end—to give it a clear structure. Further, they
learn what is appropriate to talk about or avoid and what feelings are appropriate to share over dinner or out withothers.
When growing up, we use our life stories to build complex and stable views of ourselves. Through stories
about the traditions maintained over the years, we make connections between past successes and failures, our
relationships, and the activities that hold meaning to us to develop our new identities. These identities reflect our
roles as family members, community members, co-workers and so on, thus helping us have a more complete view
of ourselves.
Having a lasting impact on ourselves and those around us, life stories are filled with meaning, insight, and
value. By the way, what’s the story that stands out to you from a recent meal or chat?
5．Why does the writer ask three questions in the beginning?
A．To explain a general idea.
B．To give background information.
C．To introduce an argument.
D．To report the finding of a study.
6．What does the underlined word “underscored” in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．Cast doubt on. B．Attached importance to.
C．Shown concern for. D．Thought poorly of.
7．How can life stories help form a complete view of ourselves according to the writer?
A．By maintaining social ties.
B．By rebuilding our identities.
C．By connecting our past and future.
D．By learning from family members.
8．Where is the text most probably taken from?
A．A review on a storybook.
B．An advice letter for social life.
C．A guidebook to parenting.
D．An essay on the value of storytelling.
（2024·重庆·二模）Three young American men were on a crowded train when they encountered a heavily
armed terrorist. With little regard for their personal safety, they rushed the terrorist and controlled him. Only some
people seem capable of this split-second form of heroism. Why some men rise to the occasion — and others don’t
— has been a bit tricky to explain. Psychologists have explored this question through biological and personalitypsychology.
Of course, heroism and courage can appear in many forms, and men and women risk their reputations, health,
and social standing to do what they think is right. When it comes to physically risky bravery, people assume that
men will take the lead. There are sound biological reasons for this fixed image. One of the most common fears in
men is that they’ll be outed as a coward (懦夫), and a man who fails to display physical courage will suffer damage
to his reputation in a way that a woman will not. Throughout human history, attaining a position of high status or
dominance among one’s peers (同龄人) has been the ticket that needs to get punched for men to attract mates and
father children.
People tend to have an idea of what heroes are like. When rating the personalities of movie heroes, participants
expected them to be more careful and hard-working, open to experience, agreeable, and emotionally stable than the
average person. But some studies indicate that people who exhibit heroic behavior score high on personality usually
associated with madmen: risk-taking, sensation seeking, coolness under stress, and a tendency to take over in social
situations.
The study of the relationship between personality and heroism is at an early stage. Psychologists are still at a
loss to predict in advance who will heroically step up when needed. Often, the hero is an otherwise ordinary person
who finds himself in extraordinary circumstances. Meanwhile, some individuals trained to behave heroically might
hesitate during a crisis. Future disasters will cry out for further acts of true heroism. Hopefully, the right mix of
circumstances and personalities enable courage to carry the day.
9．How is the topic introduced in the first paragraph?
A．By giving an example. B．By presenting a concept.
C．By making a comparison. D．By drawing a conclusion.
10．What do the underlined words “get punched” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Be bought. B．Be gifted. C．Be obtained. D．Be abandoned.
11．Why is it difficult to predict who will act heroically in a crisis?
A．Heroes and ordinary people are always difficult to tell apart.
B．Heroism is a phenomenon influenced by numerous factors.
C．Unknown circumstances play a crucial role in heroic acts.
D．Individual personality is not a reliable indicator of heroism.
12．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．How Are Heroes Trained? B．Why Are Heroes Important?C．Who Are the True Heroes? D．What Makes a Person Heroic?
（2024·山东菏泽·一模）As people hold different views on almost anything, we live in a judgmental world
where people are quick to point out the faults and imperfections of others, yet seem unaware of their own. Some
misguided souls believe they have a duty to help you to be a better person by telling you what a failure you really
are first and then offering suggestions as to how you can improve.
So what is the possible solution to criticism?
If you are the one forcing others to feel ashamed of themselves, STOP. Make a conscious decision rather than
focus on the negative aspect of a person’s performance or attitudes. You are more likely to offer helpful suggestions
from the beginning. If you are on the receiving end of criticism, the “OK” response is a perfect solution. When
someone comments negatively on a task you are doing or a personality issue of yours, a natural response is to
defend and attack. However, this approach is rarely effective as it puts both parties on the defensive. Instead, simply
reply with “OK”. This brief one-word response acknowledges the other person’s comment without agreeing with it
or feeling necessary to engage in a debate about it.
It is important to remain emotionally attached to what the other person is saying, to listen without feeling, to
be an objective observer. In fact, there is much that one can learn from a negative review. You can ask yourself: Did
I make a mistake? Could I have done better? Did I give 100% of myself to the task at hand? If so, how can I
improve myself? As for chronic(习惯性的) criticizers: It is important to set strict boundary with them. Remove
yourself from their presence when necessary.
In any case, one can learn to be “OK” with criticism and not allow it to negatively impact your life or
relationship with the other party.
13．What may the author think of people who prefer to judge others?
A．Warm-hearted. B．Self-centered. C．Talkative. D．Responsible.
14．What does a person probably convey by saying “OK” according to paragraph 3?
A．He thinks the suggestions are helpful.
B．He defenses himself with the response.
C．He agrees with the comments completely.
D．He wants to avoid unnecessary arguments.
15．What is the key to making an objective observer according to paragraph 4?
A．Having debates. B．Accepting criticism.C．Keeping calm. D．Avoiding criticizers.
16．What is the purpose of the text?
A．To make a judgment on others. B．To explain some social behavior.
C．To call for action against attack. D．To give advice on facing criticism.
（2024·浙江杭州·二模）Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer our question, we need to ask a
further question: What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity, people consider two distinctly
different views of humanity. The first view involves dominance and power. In an early paper on the psychology of
forgiveness, Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving
allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature, much to their harm. In his opinion, forgivers are
compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them.
The second view involves the theme of cooperation, mutual respect, and even love as the basis of who we are
as humans. Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings, we need both to receive love from and offer love
to others. Without love, our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. Even common
sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions. For example,
how well has slavery worked as a mode of social harmony?
From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans, forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and
psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness, shown
through scientific studies, is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. Forgiveness can break the
cycle of anger. At least to the extent the people from whom you are estranged accept your love and forgiveness and
are prepared to make the required adjustments. Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.
As an important note, when we take a Classical philosophical perspective, that of Aristotle, we see the
distinction between potentiality and actuality. We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive, but instead
with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive. The actuality of forgiving, its actual
appropriation in conflict situations, develops with practice.
17．What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness?
A．People should offer mercy to others.
B．Aggressive people should learn to forgive.
C．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity.
D．People who forgive can have their own welfare affected.18．What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate?
A．To forgive is to love. B．To dominate is to harm.
C．To fight is to grow. D．To give is to receive.
19．What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness?
A．Favorable. B．Reserved. C．Objective. D．Skeptical.
20．What is message of the last paragraph?
A．Forgiveness is in our nature. B．Forgiveness grows with time.
C．It takes practice to forgive. D．Actuality is based on potentiality.
（2024·山东青岛·一模）At a conference last week, I received an interesting piece of advice: “Assume you
are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a fellow psychology professor. He wasn’t objecting to any
particular claim I’d made — he was offering a strategy for pursuing better science, and for encouraging others to do
the same.
To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back — to the nature of science itself.
Despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific
theories change, so do scientific methods.
Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting scientific
work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks, and for scientific arguments to
develop into personal battles. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to be
viewed as a helpful pointer, a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic probably
shares.
Nosek’s advice may sound pessimistic, but it’s not so foreign to science. Philosophers of science sometimes
refer to the “pessimistic meta-induction (元归纳)” on the history of science: All of our past scientific theories have
been wrong, so surely our current theories will turn out to be wrong, too. That doesn’t mean we haven’t made
progress, but it does indicate that there is always room for improvement—ways to be less wrong.
I like the advice because it builds in an awareness of our limitations and a readiness to accept the unknown
(“there are things I do not know!”) along with a sense that we can do better (“there are things I do not know yet!”).
It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things
right. Perhaps the focus on a shared goal — our goal as scientists and humans of being less wrong — can help
make up for any harm in scientific motivation or communication.21．Why did Nosek send the advice?
A．To express opinions about my claims. B．To remind me to be open to criticism.
C．To encourage me to take up science. D．To better my understanding of psychology.
22．How does assuming you are wrong help?
A．It motivates scientists to make efforts. B．It addresses personal attacks and conflicts.
C．It sets a constructive improvement goal. D．It contributes to a deeper insight into yourself.
23．What does the author think of science theories?
A．Dynamic. B．Testable. C．Pioneering. D．Well-established.
24．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．Accept the Unknown B．Aim to Be Less Wrong
C．Get Engaged in Psychology D．Dig into the Nature of Science
（2024·河南南阳·一模）These days, there’s barely a world leader who doesn’t talk up science. For example,
the India’s Prime Minister was the main performer at the annual Indian Science Congress, held in Nagpur, where he
encouraged the nation’s researchers to do the science needed to make India self-reliant.
The message to researchers is crystal clear: leaders see science as essential to national prosperity, well-being
and, of course, competitiveness. So, is research fit for the challenge of advancing, refining or critiquing these goals?
Not exactly. And it won’t be until there is fundamental reform to the gateway to a research career: PhD training.
As Nature and other publications have frequently reported, PhD training worldwide has been in trouble for
some time. Students’ stipends (生活津贴) are not enough in most countries, creating a cost-of-living crisis. Early-
career researchers constantly report concerns about a constant lack of support and poor-quality supervision, with
senior researchers rarely trained in mentorship (指导).
Furthermore, PhD candidates are inadequately prepared for the cross-disciplinary working and large teams that
characterize cutting-edge science today. This is especially true for careers outside academic research, where the
overwhelming majority of PhD candidates will be heading.
It is not all bad. Universities in a small number of high-income countries have reformed, or are reforming,
PhD assessment. But in most places, and especially in low- and middle-income countries, a candidate’s work is still
evaluated using a single-authored paper. In many countries, candidates must publish in a journal before they get a
PhD, something that critics say could fuel profitable publishing.
The system’s strains have become more obvious because the number of people doing PhD training has beenrising sharply. According to the 2022 book Towards a Global Core Value System in Doctoral Education, the
number of PhDs awarded in India increased from 17,850 in 2004 to 25,095 in 2016; US figures climbed from
48,500 to 69,525 over the same period. If researchers are to meet society’s expectations, their training and
mentoring must escape the nineteenth century.
25．Why is the India’s Prime Minister mentioned in the first paragraph?
A．To indicate India’s serious scientific landscape.
B．To imply more researchers are in great demand in India.
C．To show leaders’ emphasis on scientific research.
D．To demonstrate more and more people take an interest in science.
26．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?
A．The reforms in science. B．The significance of mentorship.
C．The creation of academic culture. D．The issues early-career researchers face.
27．Which of the following best describes the author’s opinion on PhD training?
A．Disappointed. B．Satisfied. C．Indifferent. D．Enthusiastic.
28．What does the author mainly intend to express in the last paragraph?
A．PhD education is developing gradually.
B．The reforms in PhD training admit of no delay.
C．The number of PhDs awarded has increased in India and the US.
D．The demand for researchers’ meeting society’s expectations is pressing.
（2024·新疆塔城·二模）The topic of “crossing your legs” has been hotly discussed on the Internet recently.
The truth is that crossing one leg over the other, a common sitting posture preferred by many people, may actually
do harm to one’s health. So while seated, try not to do so any more.
Whether it is at the office, in a waiting room or relaxing at home, many people’ s go-to posture is one leg over
the other, crossed at the knee. If you’re like many of us, you spend too many hours of your day seated and for most
of that time, you have crossed your legs for comfort.
One study found that people who sat with their legs crossed for more than three hours a day were more likely
to lean forward and to round their shoulders. But the research relied on people’s own estimations of how long they
crossed their legs for.
When you cross your legs, you are putting compression and pressure on your leg and knee joints and nerves.
The way you sit is a huge determinant of your health and the way your body moves and functions. Sitting with yourlegs crossed leaves your hips uneven and forces your pelvic bone (盆骨) to rotate. Therefore, the longer you sit in
this uneven position, the more pressure is placed on your knee and spine (脊柱), increasing the likelihood that it
will develop into a long-term issue.
If seated long, then more importantly for you, cultivate and develop a healthy habit of sitting position. And
here are the followings. Switch sitting positions often. Take brief walks around your office or home. Gently stretch
your muscles every so often to help relieve muscle tension. Keep your feet on the floor, with your ankles in front of
your knees. Relax your shoulders; they should not be rounded. Keep your elbows in close to your body and let them
be bent between 90 and 120 degrees. Make sure that your back, thighs and hips are fully supported. Try doing those
and maybe some of them fit you.
29．Why do many people like to be seated “crossing their legs”?
A．They do so just for sort of ease.
B．They want their legs to take up more space.
C．They think it’s a power move.
D．It is a common sitting posture preferred by the most.
30．Which of the following may not be the “harm” that the long “cross-legged” position leads to?
A．Your hips are in an unbalanced position.
B．Your spine supports more pressure.
C．Your pelvic bone is forced to rotate.
D．You may lean forward.
31．How many proposals does the author speak about to those seated long in the text?
A．9. B．7. C．5. D．3.
32．What might the author mainly want to tell us?
A．What a common sitting posture is.
B．The cross-legged position is popular.
C．Don’t cross your legs any longer.
D．Being seated long is unhealthy.
（2024·山东济南·一模）Like many people over the past few years, I have found myself turning to
audiobooks as my main means of reading literature. I find it far more comfortable to “read with my ears” while my
eyes are resting. My consumption of new books has doubled as a result--but a recent paper makes me wonder if this
will come at the price of my comprehension.The study comes from Boaz Keysar and Janet Geipel, both at the University of Chicago, and it draws from the
“dual process model” of mental processing. According to this-view, we have two ways of assessing information.
System 1 is intuitive ( 直觉的), relying on natural ability and feeling. It is quick, but likely exposed to
misinformation. System 2 is analytical involving the use of logic reasoning. It is mentally demanding. When it is
engaged, we think our way through the material step by step. For decades, psychologists have designed various
tests to determine which of these two systems a person is using. As one example, consider the/ following question:
How many animals of each kind did Moses take on the Ark (方舟)? If you answered two, you were probably only
considering the core of the question, which is System 1 thinking. To get to the right answer-zero, you need to think
more carefully about the wording, which would allow you to remember it was Noah who built the Ark, not Moses.
That is the kind of analytical process.
Keysar and Geipel’s brilliant idea was to investigate whether the sensory form-seeing vs. hearing-of the
information would make a difference. They found that it did: when answering these kinds of simple questions,
participants were more likely to make errors when the sentences were spoken out loud, rather than written.
A greater reliance on our feelings could be a problem if we are consuming information that needs logical
study. For this reason. I will return to reading non-fiction with my eyes rather than my ears. But I won’t stop
listening to novels. I am quite happy to go with the flow of my emotions while my critical mind takes a break.
33．What does the author think of listening to audiobooks?
A．It is economical. B．It is demanding.
C．It is time-consuming. D．It is relaxing.
34．Which of the following best describes System 2 model?
A．Fairly reliable. B．Fully automatic.
C．Question-centered. D．Emotion-involved.
35．Why is the Ark mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A．To present a fact. B．To illustrate a view.
C．To introduce a topic. D．To draw a conclusion.
36．What does the author intend to tell us?
A．Listening to books comes at a price.
B．Reading non-fiction books benefits.
C．Critical thinking is a must in reading.
D．Ways of processing information differ.（2024·河北邯郸·三模）“Individuals of all ages who have empathy (共情) understand that sometimes
telling little white lies can protect other people from getting hurt,” says Barbara Greenberg, a clinical psychologist
in Connecticut. “Most people that I have come across tell these little white lies because they understand that 100
percent honesty all the time is not beneficial.” A white lie, she explains, spares people from unnecessary hurt.
At the same time, Dr. Julia Breur, a marriage and family therapist in Florida, emphasizes the importance of
paying attention to the way we respond to someone. The fact is that not telling the truth can result in something
unpleasant on you; it’s not just about the person the white lie is being told to. For example, she says someone who
always tells others that “all is good” when it comes to a sick parent in an effort to avoid discussions about how
serious their health issue really is, can eventually face stressful experiences. When that parent eventually passes
away, the person who always gave an “all is good” response ends up emotionally broken.
Sometimes, telling white lies often depends on the situation, Dr. Breur says. For example, consider a woman
who has not seen her mother for several months. The daughter has gained noticeable weight, yet the mother
responds by excitedly declaring that she looks great. “I emphasize during psychotherapy sessions with my patients
that context helps define meaning,” Dr. Breur says. “So when we look at the context of a mother saying you look
great when she clearly sees that her daughter has gained weight, it can be acceptable. It reflects the intention of the
white lie which is kindness, protection and unconditional love. Otherwise, white lies — especially when told to
avoid personal accountability — can start a cycle of mistrust between people, ultimately compromising integrity,”
she adds.
Therefore, it’s important to ask ourselves when it is and isn’t appropriate to deliver the honest truth, and when
it’s best to step back and offer a more delicate response. More often than not, it’s about finding a balance between
the two.
37．What can be learned about white lies according to Barbara Greenberg?
A．They are short-lived. B．They are unidentifiable.
C．They are trouble-making. D．They are common.
38．What message does Dr. Breur deliver in paragraph 2?
A．White lies can harm both the liars and the listeners.
B．We must respond to our family members truthfully.
C．It’s wrong to tell white lies to a seriously ill parent.
D．The “all is good” response is effective in dealing with patients.39．What is Dr. Breur’s attitude towards the mother’s practice in paragraph 3?
A．Uncaring. B．Critical. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.
40．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．East or West, White Lies Are the Best
B．Think Twice Before You Tell White Lies
C．White Lies Signify Unconditional Love
D．White Lies Are Empathetic People’s Favorable Choice
