文档内容
大学英语四级考试
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
–Band Four –
(2022.06-01)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Suppose you are writing a proposal to your school library for improving its services.
You are to write about its current problems and possible solutions to these problems. You will have
30 minutes to write the proposal. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
主观性太强（答案略）
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you
will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)
and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1.A) It studied the effects of exercise on sleep.
B)Its participants came from various walks of life.C)Its findings confirmed those of previous studies.
D)It ran for as long as some thirty years.
2.A) Eating more vegetables instead of meats.
B)Drinking water instead of beverages with added sugar.
C)Consuming more energy drinks and sports drinks.
D)Forming the habit of exercising regularly.
【答案+原文】 D B
A new study finds that beverages containing added sugar might be harmful. In the study,
researchers analyzed information from over eighty thousand women and thirty-seven thousand
men. Participants worked in the health profession. 1) They were followed for approximately three
decades. They completed surveys about their diet every four years. They also answered questions
about sleep and exercise and health every two years. The more beverages containing added sugar
that people drink, the greater their risk of death was during the study period. These beverages
included soda, energy drinks, and sports drinks. Beverages like pure fruit juice, which are sweet
but do not contain added sugar were not part of the study. The findings held even after the
researchers considered other factors that could affect people’s health. These factors included lack
of exercise and not eating enough vegetables. They also included consuming too much meat. 2)
The scientists say that their results support limiting beverages with added sugar. They argue we
should replace them with other drinks, with water being the best choice. However, the researchers
admit this is simply their recommendation. The study found only an association. It did not prove
that drinks with added sugar cause early death.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1.What do we learn about the new study from the news report?
2.What is the scientists’ recommendation?
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3.A) He asked them about his lost paintings.
B)He knew the owner of two missing paintings.
C)He left his paintings at a highway rest stop.
D)He found two 17th-century oil paintings.
4.A) They are imitations.
B)They are originals.
C)They were stolen by an Italian boy.
D)They came from the same artist.
【答案+原文】 D B
https://www.nbcnews.com
German police appealed Friday for information on about the possible owners of two
17th-century oil paintings. 3) Police said a 64-year-old man found the paintings in a garbage pile
at a highway rest stop last month. He later handed them in to the Cologne police. 4) An initial
assessment by an art expert concluded the two framed paintings were originals, police said. One is
a landscape painted by the Italian artist Pietro Belloti, dating to 1665. The other is a painting of a
boy by the 17th-century Dutch artist Samuel van Hoogstraten, date unknown. Their combined
worth is estimated to be around one million euros. Authorities have not yet confirmed what will
happen if the rightful owner is not found. Nevertheless, it is speculated that they could either behanded over to the National Art Museum of Cologne or sold to the public by the local government.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3.What did German police say about a 64-year-old man?
4.What is the art expert’s conclusion about the two framed paintings?
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5.A) Look after her grandfather.
B)Leave the remote cold region.
C)Save her sick grandmother.
D)Flee from the threat of bears.
6.A) She has to face a criminal charge.
B)She was found lying motionless in the snow.
C)She searched for her daughter in freezing cold.
D)She works in childcare services.
7.A) She was found in a forest after three days.
B)She lay totally unconscious for three days.
C)She suffered from the effects of severe cold.
D)She was finally rescued by her relatives.
【答案+原文】 C A C
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world
5) A four-year-old girl has walked eight kilometres through a snowy forest to seek help for
her sick grandmother, who later died of a heart attack. The young girl braved the threats of bears,wolves and temperatures far below freezing. She made the journey through a remote region in
Siberia after waking up to find her grandmother motionless. Named locally as Carla, she lives
alone with her elderly grandmother and her blind grandfather. 6) As a result, the girl’s mother is
facing a criminal case. She stands accused of leaving a minor in danger in the care of the elderly.
She also faces investigation from childcare services, who will also be asking why Carla was left
alone with her vulnerable relatives.
The journey took place in February, when temperatures average -26°C. Russian reports on
social media suggest the forest may have been as cold as -34°C. The journey was only recently
confirmed by authorities.
7) But though she was suffering from the effects of extreme cold, the child reportedly
suffered no life-threatening effects. Last year, a three-year-old boy survived alone for three days in
a remote forest in the same region.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5.What did the four-year-old girl attempt to do?
6.What do we learn from the news report about the girl’s mother?
7.What happened to the little girl according the news report?
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation,
you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.
After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)
and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8.A) She shows a real passion for taking photos.
B)She has just returned from her hometown.
C)She comes from the city of Cape Town.
D)She has a truly amazing appearance.
9.A) It is as famous as Cape Town.
B)It has a flat surface at the top.
C)It is green and free from pollution.
D)It was named by European settlers.
10.A) She has British ancestors.
B)She is of mixed blood.
C)She grew up in India.
D)She speaks several languages.
11. A) It is an extremely violent sport.
B)It is becoming a national sport.
C)It is originated in New Zealand.
D)It is more popular than football.
【答案+原文】 C B A D
W: I’ve made a new friend recently. Her name is Susan and she’s from South Africa.
M: How did you meet her?
W: We met over Wechat. She has very cool photos on her social media. The photos of her
hometown look amazing.M: 8) What’s her hometown called?
W: It’s called Cape Town. It’s in the southwest of South Africa. She says it’s very green and windy.
The city was built by European settlers and there’s a big mountain that overlooks the city. 9)
The mountain is called Table Mountain because it’s flat at the top.
M: That sounds interesting. What are the people there like?
W: Well, Susan says South Africa is very mixed. There are black people and white people and
Indian people. 10) Susan is white. She says her ancestors were from Britain. Many languages
are spoken in South Africa, but she only speaks English.
M: Didn’t South Africa host the Football World Cup a few years ago? They must play football a
lot then, right?
W: 11) I think they play football but it’s not as popular as rugby.
M: Rugby? What’s rugby?
W: Rugby is a sport with two teams and the players carry the ball in their arms and throw it at
each other. The ball is not round and the players push each other. I don’t really understand the
rules. I think it’s very complicated.
M: That sounds like a very strange sport indeed. Is it only South Africa that plays it?
W: No. It’s also popular in Britain and in other former British colonies like Australia and New
Zealand.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8.What does the woman say about her new friend Susan?
9.What does the woman say about Table Mountain?
10.Why do we learn from the conversation about the woman’s friend Susan?11.What does the woman say about rugby in South Africa?
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12.A) Prepare a study guide.
B)Consult his advisors.
C)Go over his notes regularly.
D)Take stress-relief sessions.
13.A) His worksheets are terribly messy.
B)He finds the workload too heavy.
C)His study folder is badly disorganized.
D)He has difficulty taking notes quickly.
14.A) A visual learner.
B)An emotional learner.
C)An organized learner.
D)A logical learner.
15.A) Arrange them using color and pictures.
B)Restructure them in a logical way.
C)Commit them to memory after class.
D)Organize them into a well-connected story.
【答案+原文】 A C B A
M: Hi, Jennifer. I am really struggling with this semester’s workload. Do you have any advice?
W: 12) Have you considered making a study guide? It’s a tool you can make yourself to take thestress out of studying. I’ve been using one since the start of last semester, and it has really
helped relieve lot of study pressure.
M: Sounds like just what I need. 13) My main problem is that my study folder is full of notes and
worksheets, and is badly disorganized. I don’t know where to start.
W: OK, well, the main thing is to have everything in the right place. Whatever you’re reviewing,
it’s important that it’s arranged for your particular needs of that subject, and in the most
user-friendly way you can. What kind of learner are you?
M: Um. I’m not sure.
W: Well, visual learners prefer using images, pictures, colors, and maps to organize information.
Logical learners have a linear mind and would rather use logic, reasoning and systems. 14) I’m
an emotional learner, which means I need to connect to information emotionally to understand
it.
M: Oh, I’m very much dependent on vision as a way of taking in information.
W: Well, I suggest reorganizing your notes using color-coded sections in your study guides, or
using idea mapping to lay out the information and make it more quickly accessible.
M: 15) So you think I should arrange my notes using color and pictures in places of text?
W: Yes. You’ll probably start to grasp information a lot quicker that way. As an emotional learner,
I organize my notes into a story that I can connect to and recite to myself.
M: That’s amazing. I didn’t know there were so many different ways to learn.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12.What does the woman advise the man do?
13.What is the biggest problem the man has with his studies?14.What kind of learner does the woman say she is?
15.What does the woman think the man can do with his notes?
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear
three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you
hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16.A) It is mainly based on a society’s religion.
B)It is interpreted differently in different times.
C)It is a code of conduct based on laws and ethics.
D)It is a moral principle to guide people’s behavior.
17.A) It may lead to misunderstanding despite good intentions.
B)It assumes that human beings are all good-natured.
C)It may sometimes produce undesirable outcomes.
D)It fails to consider the complexity of human relationships.
18.A) The golden rule is often in conflict with certain laws and ethical principles.
B)The golden rule must sometimes give way to more important principles.
C)Failure to follow the golden rule may lead to violation of laws and ethics.
D)Observing the golden rule is the first step to becoming a responsible citizen.【答案+原文】 D C B
https://effectiviology.com/golden-rule/
16)The golden rule is a moral principle which states that you should treat others the way you
want to be treated yourself. For example, if you want people to treat you with respect, you should
treat them with respect. Different people tend to be exposed to different forms of the golden rule
based on factors such as the religion in their society. However, all forms of the golden rule revolve
around the same concept. Namely, they help you treat others better by using the way you yourself
would want to be treated as a guide of how to behave. 17) A notable criticism of the golden rule is
that its application can lead to undesirable outcomes when it conflicts with laws and ethical
principles. For example, if someone breaks the law, the golden rule would suggest that we should
let them go because we would not want to be punished ourselves. However, this issue with the
golden rule can be dealt with in a general manner by viewing this principle as one of several
principles that we use to guide our behavior as individuals and as a society. Specifically, in the
example described above, most individuals and societies choose to place laws and ethical
principles above the golden rule. 18) This means that they strive to implement the golden rule
whenever possible as long as it doesn’t clash with a more important concept.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16.What do we learn from the passage about the golden rule?
17.What is a notable criticism of the golden rule?
18.What does the example of someone breaking the law serve to show?Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19.A) Many of them find it rather difficult to manage.
B)They have not seen as much diversity as desired.
C)Many of them have an increasingly diversified staff.
D)They have not quite grasped the concept of diversity.
20.A) Initiatives to achieve diversity in large corporations.
B)Advantages and disadvantages of a diversified team.
C)People’s attitudes towards diversity at the workplace.
D)Innovative ideas and solutions resulting from diversity.
21.A) People prefer to work with team members similar to themselves.
B)Employers attach great importance to their corporations’ diversity.
C)Employers differ from employees in their perspectives on diversity.
D)Doubts about the practicability of diversity are gradually disappearing.
【答案+原文】 B C A
Today many large corporations stress the importance of diversity on their websites. 19) But
current statistics show that the typical manager in America still tends to be white and male.
Obviously, the desire to bring about diversity has not translated into corporate reality. Why is this?
20) A team of researchers from the University of Basel published their new study about people’s
attitudes towards diversity at work. They found that people have a wide range of opinions
concerning diversity. On the one hand, many see value in diversity, which can contribute a variety
of perspectives, encourage new ideas, and generate innovative solutions. On the other hand, they
assume that it might be difficult to work with someone who has completely different views,speaks a different language or has a different style of work. The actual value they attribute to
diversity depends on the decision-making perspective. Doubts about the practicability of diversity
have a greater weight. 21) If a person is directly affected, in other words, when a person’s own
workgroup is involved, they tend to prefer team members who are similar to themselves. But
when people make decisions for others, they typically put together a more diverse team. These
findings could help organizations become more diverse. Companies need to pay attention to who
makes hiring and team decisions. These decisions should not only be made by those directly
affected. People who are not directly in volved in the group’s daily work should also take part.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19.What do we learn from the current statistics about diversity in large corporations?
20.What is the newly published study focused on?
21.What do the findings of the new study show?
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22.A) Choosing the best time for signing a business contract.
B)Changing one’s form of communication from time to time.
C)Laying equal stress on written and spoken communication.
D)Using different forms of communication appropriately.
23.A) They are regarded as seriously binding.
B)They are seldom honored by business partners.
C)They are taken as memos of understanding.
D)They are to be confirmed in written form.
24.A) It has reached the highest level of evolution.B)It places a high value on written contracts.
C)It regards written contracts as unalterable.
D)It has seen a decline in verbal agreements.
25.A) Its details cannot be renegotiated.
B)It has to be carried out to the letter.
C)It strengthens business partnerships.
D)Its terms may not be strictly binding.
【答案+原文】 D A B D
https://www.translatemedia.com/translation-blog/different-cultures-value-spoken-written-word/
Communication can essentially be divided into two categories: the written and the spoken.
How the balance is struck between these two forms of communication? The point at which one
needs to be exchanged for another really depends on individual cultures. 22) Understanding when
it’s appropriate to exchange one form for another can be a major key to success in international
business. Many cultures place a much greater value on the spoken word than the American
working culture does. 23) In parts of the Middle East, you’ll find spoken word agreements are
seen as seriously binding. A person’s word is linked to their honor, so verbal agreements are seen
as important, whereas written contracts are taken as memos of understanding. 24) Western
working culture tends to place a high value on the written word, and this reaches its highest level
of intensity when it comes to contracts. In the U.S., France and Germany, written contracts tend to
be seen as something that must be strictly carried out. By contrast, other cultures may not see
written contracts as quite so binding. It can prove a challenge to Western businesses if your
business partner wants to renegotiate terms that you thought were already agreed on. 25) Forexample, a Japanese firm may have signed a contract, but they may not feel bound by every detail
of it, particularly if circumstances later change. Such differences in value that different working
cultures place on the written word tend to cause many problems when it comes to business
relationships.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22.What is a major key to success in the international business according to the passage?
23.What does the passage say about spoken word agreements in some Middle East countries?
24.What do we learn about the Western working culture?
25.How does a Japanese firm tend to view a written contract?
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word
for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through
the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
https://www.livescience.com/why-teeth-feel-pain.html
You might think of your teeth as tools, like built-in knives and forks. But if they are mere
tools, why do teeth feel pain and wouldn’t it be better if they could just chew under any conditions?
In spite of our dental discomfort, it turns out there’s a good reason our teeth are so sensitive.
Tooth pain is a defense mechanism that ensures when a tooth is being damaged. We’ll notice anddo something about it.
If you eat something too hot or too cold, or if the tooth is worn down enough where the tissue
underneath is exposed, all of those things cause pain, and then the pain causes the person not to
use that tooth to try to protect it a little bit more. So it’s really a protective mechanism more than
anything else. If teeth didn’t feel pain, we might continue to use them in situations that damage
them. And for humans, damaging adult teeth is a problem because, unlike crocodiles, we can’t
replace them.
Teeth have three layers, only one of which — the innermost layer of the tooth hurt, as that
layer of the tooth contains both blood vessels and nerves. Pain is the only feeling to which the
nerves in that layer respond. Whereas people with tooth sensitivity may complain, for example, of
tooth pain triggered by heat or cold, the nerves in the inner layer don’t sense temperature. Rather,
they feel pain, which may be associated with, say, drinking something very cold.
A)adult I)emotional
B)associated J)implies
C)chew K)mammal
D)contains L)replace
E)continue M)swallow
F)defense N)triggered
G)dental O)underneath
H)downward【参考答案】 CGFOE ALDNB
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.
Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph
is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 2.
https://theeverygirl.com/how-to-determine-if-a-company-is-a-good-fit-for-you/
How to determine if a company is a good fit for you
A) 39) On paper, the job seemed perfect for me: The position was completely in line with my
degree, the duties and responsibilities were compatible with my interests and the office
maintained a well-stocked kitchen that would satisfy my every snack desire.
B) Sounds like my dream job, right? There was only one small problem: I simply didn’t get along
with the company culture. They favored a more rigid, closed-door, corporate atmosphere,
when I would have preferred something more collaborative and open. They were complete
clock watchers, when I would have liked a more flexible schedule. To put it plainly, we just
weren’t on the same page.
C) When it comes to looking for a new job, you already know that a big part of the interview
process involves the company evaluating whether or not you’re a good fit for their open role.
But, it’s important to keep in mind that the employer isn’t the only one who needs to identify a
good match – you should be looking for that same exact thing. 44) Company culture can have
a big impact on how you feel about your work, so you want to make sure you sign an offerletter with an organization you’re truly excited about.
D) 37) However, figuring out what a company is like before you actually work there can be a bit
of a challenge. Luckily, there are a few things you can do to determine whether or not a
company is a good fit for you – before you ever sign your name on that dotted line.
E) 42) First of all, know what you want. It’s hard to make any decisions when you don’t really
know what you’re looking for. So before you can determine whether you and a specific
company would be compatible together, it’s important to have a solid handle on what exactly
you want from your employer. Many of us have an easier time identifying the things that we
absolutely don’t want. If those are the only things you can think of, don’t worry! That’s still a
good place to start.
F) 40) Start by writing down the things you didn’t like about previous employers, as well as the
parts you really valued. There’s no wrong answer here – so from big things to small details,
write it all down on your list. This will help you immediately identify what you’re looking for
in an organization, as well as the things you’re trying to stay far, far away from.
G) Do your research. Now comes the part when you put on your detective hat and do a little
digging. The Internet will be your best friend when you’re trying to familiarize yourself with a
company’s culture before ever walking through their office doors. 36) And where exactly
should you look for these culture clues? Start with the most obvious place first: the company’s
website. Read through their copy and blog. Do they use formal, direct language? Or is it
casual, conversational, and maybe even a little humorous? This can be a big indicator of what
sort of atmosphere a workplace is trying to cultivate.
H) Next, turn your attention toward their social media outlets. Are they sharing photos of theirteam’s Thursday afternoon chili cook-off or Halloween costume contest on Instagram? Or are
their social media accounts strictly reserved for company related announcements and product
launches?
I) A site like Glassdoor is another spot to check in order to find some insider information about
what you can expect about a company. 43) However, remember to take the reviews you read
with a grain of salt – many of them are written by scorned employees.
J) Finally, you can never fail with personal connections. 45) Send a quick message to a current
or previous company employee on Twitter or LinkedIn and ask if he or she would be willing
to have a quick conversation with you about the organization in general. If you get a yes to
your request for a chat? You’ll be armed with some pretty powerful and helpful information
heading into your interview!
K) Ask questions. 41) You know that part at the end of a job interview when the hiring manager
asks if you have any questions, and you just stare across the table blankly with your mouth
hanging open? That’s the perfect opportunity to speak up and get your burning company
culture questions answered! So yes, you can definitely ask your interviewer about what it’s
like to work for that particular organization. Simple questions like, “What three words would
you use to describe the culture here?” or “What’s your favorite part about working for this
company?” can reveal a lot about what it’s really like behind closed doors. Still not sure what
to ask? Try this article for help.
L) Prioritize your values. What does my dream company culture look like? Well, I could come
and go as I please, as long as I was getting the work done. My boss would genuinely listen to
and value all of my ideas and suggestions. My co-workers would all be friendly with oneanother, without ever falling into the office gossip trap. The kitchen would have endless
options of pizza and cookies. Oh, and they’d give me two months of paid vacation with an
very generous salary.
M) What are my chances of finding all of those things with one employer? Slim to none – believe
me, I’ve looked. This is why it’s so important to know which aspects of a company’s culture
you value most. Is it an open communication style or a flexible schedule? Focus on the top
spots on your priority list, and ensure a potential employer at least checks those boxes. 38)
Unfortunately, this is reality, you can’t have everything you want but a few are certainly
achievable.
N) When you’re hunting for a new job, you already know that the employer is trying to decide
whether or not you’re a good fit for the position. But you should also look at the process
through a similar lens. You may not be the one conducting the actual interview, but you’re still
trying to determine whether or not company is a good fit for you.
O) Keep these tips in mind to figure out whether you and a potential employer are a perfect
match or just a recipe (方案) for disaster. After all, it’s a good thing to know before actually
accepting an offer.
36. Clues about the culture of a company can be found on its website.
37. It can be difficult to know the real situation in a company until you become part of it.
38. It is impossible for a job applicant to have every expectation met.
39. Simply by reading its description, the author found the job offered ideal.
40. Job applicants are advised to make a written list of their likes and dislikes in their previous
employment.41. At the end of an interview, a job applicant should seize the opportunity to get answers to their
urgent questions.
42. To begin with, job applicants should be clear what they expect from their future employer.
43. Job applicants should read with a critical eye what is written about a company on the website.
44. Job satisfaction has a lot to do with company culture.
45. A chat with an insider of a company can give job applicants very useful information when
they prepare for an interview.
【参考答案】 GDMAF KEICJ
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You
should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
https://thedailyaztec.com
Online classes began to be popularized just a few decades ago. They are advertised as a way
for adults to finish their education and students to learn the material at their own pace – it is far
more compatible for people with busy schedules.
But after being enrolled in an online course last fall semester, I came to realize online classes
were merely a means to fulfill course requirements.46) First of all, students lack the desire to learn and they simply complete their assignments
to receive credit for a passing grade rather than genuinely engage with the course material.
As online courses tend to have more than 100 students, most of the assignments are short and
simple. 47) They are not designed for students to interact with the material in depth but designed
to be graded easily to accommodate such a large number of students.
48) Perhaps the biggest disadvantage of taking an online class is the absence of face-to-face
interaction between the teacher and their students. Live sessions are infrequent and are often
scheduled during the middle of the day when students have to attend other classes or work. The
office hours of the professor may also be during inconvenient times for many students as well.
Most interaction with the professor has to be through email which is often impersonal. It is nearly
impossible for students to build a relationship with their professor.
There is also little interaction amongst students. It can be harder for students to create study
groups and form relationships with their peers.
49)Online classes also require either a computer or laptop and a reliable internet connection.
Not all students have access to these types of resources, whether it is for financial or other reasons,
and some students can be put at a disadvantage.
Offering online classes certainly helps students who would otherwise not be able to attend
classroom sessions. 50) However, they fail to provide a genuine education with an emphasis on
convenience rather than critical thinking. We need restructured online classes in which students
can have a learning experience that will actually provide quality education.
46.What does the author say about students enrolled in online classes?
A)They can access course materials easily.B)They are unmotivated to learn.
C)They can learn at their own pace.
D)They rarely fulfil the course requirements.
47.What does the author think of online course assignments?
A)They are made convenient to mark.
B)They are meant to facilitate interaction.
C)They are based on easily accessible material.
D)They are given to accommodate students’ needs.
48.What does the author say is one disadvantage of online classes?
A)They are frequently scheduled at irregular times.
B)They make professors’ offices much less accessible.
C)They tend to increase professors’ burden of responding to students’ emails.
D)They provide little chance for students to build relationships with each other.
49.What problem may arise if classes go online?
A)More students may find it easy to be absent from them.
B)Teachers will worry about poor internet connections.
C)Some students may have difficulty attending them.
D)Schools with limited resources will be at a disadvantage.
50.What does the author think constitutes a key part of genuine education?
A)Acquisition of useful knowledge.
B)Training of real-life skills on campus.
C)Development of students’ personalities.D)Cultivation of analytical thinking ability.
【参考答案】 B A D C D
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
https://www.science.org
In the age of the internet, there’s no such thing as a private debate. But is that bad for science?
Some scientists have had concerns. 51) When debates in any sector move beyond the halls of
universities and government agencies, there is potential for information to be used incorrect
leading to public confusion: yet, open debate can also promote communication between scientific
community and the public. Recent open debates on scientific research, health, and policy have
aroused greater public attention and encouraged more diverse voices. If this trend spurs scientists
to agree more quickly about the best solutions to our problems – and at the same time helps the
public observe the process of scientific discourse more clearly – then this is good for everyone,
including scientists.
A recent debate published in The New York Times discussed the question of how quickly
medicine should be developed and produced. Issues such as safety of the product and perception
of the public were examined and considered. 52) But some experts worried that such public
speculation might lead people to believe that disagreement about the details meant a lack of
adequate scientific consensus over the safety and efficiency of modern-day vaccine.
The anxiety seems misplaced. Gone are the days of going to a conference and debating about
scientific issues, and that’s good because those gatherings were not diverse enough and excluded
many important voices. 53) These days, the public can access debates about science regardless ofwhere they take place.
54) For many scientists, public debate is a new frontier and it may feel like a place with few
restrains or rules, but rather than avoiding such conversations, let the debates be transparent and
vigorous, wherever they take place. 55) If the public is to understand that science is an honorably
self-correcting process, the idea that science is a fixed set of facts in a textbook needs to be
dismissed. With the validity of science coming under attack, there’s a need for scientific debates to
be perceived as open and true to life. Let everyone see the noisy, messy deliberations that advance
science and lead to decisions that benefit us all.
51.What does the author think open debate can do?
A)Help the public to better understand science.
B)Clear up confusion in the scientific community.
C)Settle disputes between universities and government agencies.
D)Prevent information from being used incorrectly by the public.
52.Why did a recent debate published in The New York Times arouse concerns among experts?
A)It might hinder the progress in medical research.
B)It might breed public distrust in modern medicine.
C)It might add to the difficulty of getting research funds.
D)It might prevent medical scientists reaching consensus.
53.Why does the author say some experts’ anxiety seems misplaced?
A)Debating scientific issues at a conference is now old-fashioned.
B)Diverse topics can be debated by both scientists and the public.
C)Debates about science are accessible to the public anyway.D)Scientists can voice their opinions whatever way they like.
54.What does the author suggest scientists do about public debate?
A)Have more discussions about it.
B)Embrace it with open arms.
C)Formulate new rules for it.
D)Restrain it to a rational degree.
55.What does the author say about science in the last paragraph?
A)It is transmitted through textbooks.
B)It is what proves valid and true to life.
C)It is a dynamic and self-improving process.
D)It is a collection of facts and established rules.
【参考答案】 A B C B C
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
从前有个人养了一群羊。一天早上他准备出去放羊，发现少了一只。他仔细一看，
看到羊栏上有个窟窿。显然，夜间有狼钻进羊圈叼走了羊。
邻居劝他修羊栏，可是他不听。
第二天，他发现狼又通过窟窿叼走一只羊。他想起邻居的话，就赶快堵上窟窿，把
羊栏补好。此后，他的羊再也没有被狼叼走。
故事告诉我们：出了问题及时补救，可以防止蒙受更大损失。There was once a man who raised a flock of sheep. One morning, when he was ready to
graze the sheep/let the sheep out to pasture, he discovered/noticed that one of his sheep was
missing. He looked closer and found that there was a hole in the fold. Obviously, during the
night, a wolf entered through that hole and brought the sheep away/carried away the sheep in
its mouth.
His neighbor advised him to fix/repair the sheepfold, but he wouldn’t listen/ignored.
The next/following day, he discovered that a wolf brought the sheep away/carried away a
sheep in its mouth again. The man remembered what his neighbor said and covered/blocked
the hole up right away/immediately. From then on, no more sheep was carried away by a wolf.
The story tells us: Remedy a problem promptly when it has developed would
avoid/prevent us from suffering greater losses.大学英语四级考试
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
–Band Four –
(2022.06-02)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Suppose you are going to write a proposal to your school clinic for improving its
service. You are to write about its current problems and possible solutions to these problems. You
will have 30 minutes to write the proposal. You should write at least 120 words but no more than
180 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
说明：据多数学生反馈，本次考试只有一套听力试题，第二套为重复题目，只
是选项顺序不同，故不再重复。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word
for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage
through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/what-are-natural-flavors
If you’ve ever looked at the ingredients list while grocery shopping, chances are you’ve seen
the term “natural flavors”. But have you taken a second to consider what these natural flavors
actually are?
Most of us might think that “natural flavors” are, well, naturally good for us. A recent study
in the journal Appetite found that when the word “natural” appears on packaging, people perceive
that the food within is indeed healthier. In truth, natural flavors do not differ much, at least
chemically speaking, from their flavor-boosting counterparts: artificial flavors. Both can be made
in a lab by trained flavorists, but artificial flavors use chemicals to give a product a particular
smell or taste.
Natural flavors come from plant or animal sources, like fruit, vegetable, meat, fish or milk
that is then processed or refined in some way. In short, natural flavors are extracted from plants
and animals to create specific flavors for processed foods. But that doesn’t necessarily make it
easier to tell what’s really in your food. Because the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not
defined the term, companies can use it to refer to pretty much anything derived from a plant or
animal. And natural flavors can also include a variety of chemical additives, such as preservatives.
The FDA doesn’t require companies to reveal what additional chemicals a specific item contains.
So if you want to know for certain what you’re getting with your groceries, you might want to
stick to the farmer’s market.【参考答案】 MLFDK NHJEC
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.
Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from
which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph
is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer
Sheet 2.
https://www.theguardian.com/money/2019/mar/03/holiday-booking-villa-fraud-scam
Fake holiday villa websites prompt warning
A) During the British winter, the thought of two weeks in a coastal villa (别墅) with soul-stirring
views of the sea and a huge pool to enjoy is enough to offset (抵消) the labor until the
holidays start. 39) For a growing number of people, however, their yearly break is turning into
a nightmare as they find that the property they have paid thousands for does not exist and the
website through which they booked it has disappeared.
B) 42) Consumers have been warned to be aware of the potential for deception in this market,
which is far from uncommon. In 2017 there were 1,632 cases of reported “villa fraud (诈骗)”,
with victims losing an average of £2,052, according to Action Fraud, the national center for
reporting such frauds. “Millions of pounds are lost each year by holidaymakers,” says Sean
Tipton of the Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA).
C) The problem has ballooned in the last 10 years, with frauds becoming more and more
sophisticated. 36) The fake websites have authentic-sounding names involving a mix of
keywords, typically including the place name, “summer”, “villas” or “rentals”. Details oflegitimate (合法的) villas are often stolen from other sites. “When the fraudsters first started
it was unsophisticated – the websites looked amateur and there wasn’t a lot of effort,” says
Tipton. “Now they are clever. They extensively rip off legitimate websites and use a different
website name. They’ll have pictures of a sales team and it might be a poor actor in New York
that is down as their head of sales.”
D) 45) Fraudsters target popular seaside destinations for British tourists visiting Spain where
prices can soar if demand exceeds supply. Prices are kept within reasonable ranges to avoid
arousing suspicion. “A villa might cost £5,000 elsewhere and they will offer it at say £3,500.
But a bit of a giveaway is that the villa will be cheaper than on other websites and there’s
unlimited availability,” says Tipton. Fraudsters also invest in pay-per-click advertising to
feature at the top of search engines when people type in phrases such as “Spanish seaside
villas”.
E) With such a degree of professionalism, how can consumers find out if the website they’re
looking to book with is trustworthy? “When people book holiday villas they are doing so
through rose-colored glasses,” says Tony Neate, chief executive of Get Safe Online. “They
should be Googling the property, and looking on websites like Google Maps and StreetView
to see if it’s there. Also, speak to the person you’re booking the villa with on a landline phone,
as fraudsters tend to only use mobiles.” 38) He also suggests asking someone not going on the
holiday to have a look at the website. “They might spot problems you don’t spot.” 44)
Another potential red flag is being asked to pay by bank transfer. “The problem is that when
the money leaves your account it’s in theirs straightaway and it’s very hard to track it,” says
Barclays’ head of digital safety, Jodie Gilbert. “We generally recommend other forms ofpayment, like credit card.”
F) 41) Little seems to be known about these fraudsters. “There is no way to definitely know who
they are,” says Neate. “It could be anyone. It could be your next-door neighbor or organized
crime in Russia.” Action Fraud says people should ensure the company renting the villa is a
member of a recognized trade body such as ABTA.
G) “By working with industry partners such as ABTA and Get Safe Online, we are able to issue
alerts about the latest threats they should be aware of. If you believe you have fallen victim to
fraud or cyber-crime, please report it to Action Fraud,” it adds. ABTA says it is trying to
combat the issue by running public awareness campaigns. “It’s a growing problem and people
can’t stop fraudsters being dishonest,” says Tipton. “They’re still going to do it. It’s not
impossible to stop but as it’s internet-based it’s harder to pursue.”
H) Nick Cooper, the founder and co-owner of villa booking company Villa Plus, estimates his
company has uncovered more than 200 fake villa websites over the past two years, and
doesn’t believe enough is being done. “It is hopeless to report fake villa websites to the
internet giants who host them,” he says. 37) “I found it impossible to speak to anyone. Also,
once one bank account gets reported, they simply use another.”
I) 43) For now the only way to stop fraudsters appears ultimately to lie in the hands of the
consumer. “When people book their holidays they get so emotionally involved, and when they
find that villa at a good price with availability in peak season, they are an easy target,” says
Cooper. “The public has to learn to be far more aware they are a target for these sort of frauds.”
But it’s not just the financial cost. “A family will turn up at villa and find out it doesn’t exist
or the owner doesn’t know who you are,” says Tipton. “The problem then is you have to findaccommodation at short notice. It can be incredibly expensive but it’s the emotional cost,
too.”
J) Carla O’Shaughnessy from Sydenham was searching last year for a good deal to book a villa
in Majorca for a summer break for the family. I was comparing prices online and found one
on that came in a bit cheaper than others,” says O’Shaughnessy. She emailed the company via
its website, asking how far the villa was from the airport and about local restaurants. “They
came back with plausible answers; it was all very friendly and professional,” she says. Happy
with the responses, O’Shaughnessy paid the full amount of £3,000 via bank transfer into the
travel agent’s account and then forgot about it until a month before the booking.
K) 40) “I tried logging on to the website and couldn’t,” she recalls. “I Googled the agent’s name
and there were lots of complaints about him being a fraudster. If only I’d Googled before but I
never thought of it.” Although she found another villa in time for their holiday, she admits she
was much more cautious. “I paid through a secure third-party site and had phone
conversations with the agent. But I wasn’t able to relax until we turned up and I had the keys.”
36. Fraudsters often steal villa-booking information from authentic holiday websites.
37. Fraudsters keep changing their bank accounts to avoid being tracked.
38. It is suggested that people not going on the holiday might help detect website frauds.
39. More and more British holidaymakers find the seaside villas they booked online actually
nonexistent.
40. By checking an agent’s name online before booking a villa holidaymakers can avoid falling
into traps.
41. Fraudsters are difficult to identify according to an online safety expert.42. Holidaymakers have been alerted to the frequent occurrence of online villa-booking frauds.
43. It is holidaymakers that can protect themselves from falling victim to frauds.
44. Holidaymakers are advised not to make payments by bank transfer.
45. Fraudsters advertise their villas at reasonable prices so as not to be suspected.
【参考答案】 CHEAK FGIED
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You
should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a
single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
https://hbr.org/2018/05/employees-who-use-social-media-for-work-are-more-engaged-but-als
o-more-likely-to-leave-their-jobs
Social media can be a powerful communication tool for employees, helping them to
collaborate, share ideas and solve problems. 46) Research has shown that 82% of employees think
social media can improve work relationships and 60% believe it can support decision-making
processes. These beliefs contribute to a majority of workers connecting with colleagues on social
media, even during work hours.
Employers typically worry that social media is a productivity killer; more than half of U.S.
employers reportedly block access to social media at work. 47) In my research with 277employees of a healthcare organization I found these concerns to be misguided. Social media
doesn’t reduce productivity nearly as much as it kills employee retention.
In the first part of the study, I surveyed the employees about why and how they used
platforms like Facebook, Twitter, or LinkedIn. Respondents were then asked about their work
behaviors, including whether they felt motivated in their jobs and showed initiative at work. I
found that employees who engage in online social interactions with coworkers through social
media blogs tend to be more motivated and come up with innovative ideas. But when employees
interact with individuals outside the organization, they are less motivated and show less initiative.
48)These findings suggest that the effects of social media depend on who employees interact with;
employees who interact with their colleagues share meaningful work experiences, but those
making connections outside the organization are distracted and unproductive.
49) In the second part of the study, I found 76% of employees using social media for work
took an interest in other organizations they found on social media. When I examined how
respondents expressed openness to new careers and employers, I found that they engaged in some
key activities including researching new organizations and making new work connections.
These findings present a dilemma for managers: employees using social media at work are
more engaged and more productive, but they are also more likely to leave your company.
Managers should implement solutions that neutralize the retention risk caused by social media.
They can create social media groups in which employees will be more likely to collaborate
and less likely to share withdrawal intentions or discussions about external job opportunities. 50)
Managers can use social media to directly reduce turnover (跳槽) intentions by recognizing
employees’ accomplishments and giving visibility to employees’ success stories.46.What does previous research about social media reveal?
A)Most employees think positively of it.
B)It improves employees’ work efficiency.
C)It enables employees to form connections.
D)Employees spend much of their work time on it.
47.What did the author’s own research find about social media ?
A)It influences employees’ work negatively.
B)It does much harm to employee loyalty.
C)It kills employees’ motivation for work.
D)It affects employers’ decision-making.
48.What did the author find in his study about the effect of online social interactions?
A)It differs from employee to employee.
B)It tends to vary with the platform used.
C)It has much to do with whom employees interact with.
D)It is hard to measure when employees interact with outsiders.
49.What problem was found with employees using social media for work?
A)They seldom expressed their inner thoughts.
B)Most of them explored new job opportunities.
C)They were reluctant to collaborate with others.
D)Many of them ended with lower productivity/
50.What does the author suggest managers do to neutralize the retention risk?
A)Give promotions to employees for their accomplishments.B)Create opportunities for employees to share success stories.
C)Acknowledge employees’ achievements through social media.
D)Encourage employees to increase their visibility on social media.
【参考答案】 A B C B C
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
51) In the coming era of budget cuts to education, distance learning could become the norm.
The temptation for those in charge of education budgets to trade teachers for technology could be
so strong that they ignore the disadvantages of distance learning. School facilities are expensive to
build and maintain, and teachers are expensive to employ. Online classes do not require buildings
and each class can host hundreds of people simultaneously resulting in greater savings, thus
increasing the temptation of distance education for those concerned more about budgets than
learning. But moving away from a traditional classroom in which a living, breathing human being
teaches and interacts with students daily would be a disaster. 52) Physically attending school has
hidden benefits: getting up every morning interacting with peers, and building relationships with
teachers are essential skills to cultivate in young people. Moreover, schools should be more than
simple institutions of traditional learning. They are now places that provide meals. They are places
where students receive counseling and other support.
Those policy-makers are often fascinated by the latest technology in education and its
potential to transform education overnight. 53) But online education does not allow a teacher to
keep a struggling student after class and offer help. Educational videos may deliver academic
content, but they are unable to make eye contact or assess a student’s level of engagement.Distance education will never match the personal teaching in a traditional classroom. In their
first18 years of life, American children spend only 9% of their time in school. 54) Yet teachers are
expected to prepare them to be responsible citizens, cultivate their social skills, encourage
successful time management, and enhance their capacity to flourish in an increasingly harsh labor
market. Given these expectations, schools should not become permanently “remote”.
55)The power of the classroom is rooted in the humanity of the people gathered in the same
place, at the same time. Personal teaching is about teachers’ showing students a higher path and
about young people going through the process together. Technology, no matter how advanced,
should simply be a tool of a good teacher.
51.What mainly accounts for the possibility that distance learning could become the norm?
A)Advances in education technology.
B)Shrinking financial resources.
C)Shortage of school facilities.
D)Lack of qualified teachers.
52.What does the author say is one possible benefit of students attending school physically?
A)Developing the habit of getting up early.
B)Eating nutritionally well-balanced meals.
C)Growing into living and breathing human beings.
D)Cultivating relationships with peers and teachers.
53.What does the author think of the latest technology in education?
A)It may have potential disadvantage.
B)It may render many teachers’ jobless.C)It may add to student’s financial burden.
D)It may revolutionize classroom teaching.
54.What does the author say teachers are expected to do?
A)Enhance student’s leadership capacity.
B)Elevate students to managerial positions.
C)Enable students to adapt to the chances in life.
D)Prepare students to be competitive in the future.
55.Why couldn’t technology replace a good teacher?
A)It lacks humanity.
B)It cannot track students’ growth.
C)It is still immature.
D)It cannot cater to personal needs.
【参考答案】 B D A D A
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
从前有个农夫嫌他种的禾苗长得慢，就到地里把禾苗一株株地拔高了一点。回家后
他对家人说: “今天可真把我累坏了！但我总算让禾苗一下子长高了。”他儿子到地里去
一看，禾苗都已经死光了。
现在有些家长急于让孩子成功，往往步那个农夫的后尘，搞得孩子苦不堪言，却不
见孩子学业长进。这样的家长是否该对这个问题有所醒悟，让孩子自然成长呢？Once upon a time, there was a farmer who was unhappy that the seedlings grew too
slowly. So he went to the field and pull them upwards a little bit one by one/pulled each
seedling up a little bit from the soil. Once back home, he said to his family: “I’ve
exhausted/worn out myself today./How tired I am today. However, I managed to make the
seedlings grow taller immediately.” His son hurried to the fields finding that all of the seedings
had died/rotted.
Nowadays, some parents are so desperate/anxious/eager to help their children to succeed/
raise successful children that they tend to follow the famer’s footsteps, making their children
suffer greatly but without making progress in studies. Should such parents wake up to this
problem and let their kids grow up in a natural way?大学英语四级考试
COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST
–Band Four –
(2022.06-03)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: Suppose you are going to write a proposal to your student union for enriching
students’ extracurricular activities. You are to write about what activities to organize and why. You
will have 30 minutes to write the proposal. You should write at least 120 words but no more than
180 words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)
说明：据多数学生反馈，本次考试只有一套听力试题，第二套为重复题目，只是选项顺序
不同，故不再重复。
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
说明：据多数学生反馈，本次考试只考了两套阅读试题，第三套为重复题目，只是选项顺
序不同，故不再重复。
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
从前，有个农夫正在地里耕作，突然看见一只兔子飞奔而过，撞在一棵大树上死了。农夫毫不费力就吃到了兔肉，心里非常高兴。他想，“如果总是这样该多好啊！”于是，
不再耕作，每天守候在那棵树旁，等待着能再捡到撞死在树上的兔子。他等呀等，等了
一天又一天，田地也荒芜了，却再也没有等到第二只兔子。人们因而都嘲笑他把偶然当
成必然。
Once upon a time, there was a farmer working/farming in the fields. Suddenly he saw a
rabbit/hare run/darted past, bumping/crashing into a tree, and died. The farmer was heartily
delighted since he can enjoy the rabbit/meat without difficulty/effort/easily. He thought: “What
a wonderful thing it could be to have this all the time!” So he gave up farming/didn’t farm
anymore. Every day he waited by/next to the tree to pick up the hare that runs into it. He
waited and waited day after day, but until the field was waste, he never saw a hare coming.
People laughed at the man for taking the accidental for the inevitable/the chance for granted.
