人教九年级上册英语课文-逐句对照
Unit 1 The Changing World
3a
Reporter: How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years?
记者：过去 20 年里，你们家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？
Mr Yan: Oh, it has changed quite a lot!Many young people used to work in big cities.Now,more of them have come
back to live and work here.
严先生：变化可大了！以前很多年轻人都去大城市打工，现在越来越多人回来生活、工作了。
Reporter: Great! Have there been any other changes?
记者：太棒了！还有其他变化吗？
Ms Wu: Yes,we've changed the way we farm.I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local
market.Now,I have large,high-tech greenhouses.There,I grow tons of fruit and vegetables,and sell them in large
cities.
吴女士：有，我们的耕作方式变了。我以前在小农场种少量蔬菜，拿到当地集市卖。现在我有大型高科技
温室，在里面种大量水果和蔬菜，卖到大城市去。
Reporter: Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot!
记者：哇，新建的公路和铁路肯定帮了大忙！
Mr Yan: Oh, they have! Our village has become a tourist attraction. We can now sell local products to tourists. We
also sell products online to people all over China.
严先生：没错！我们村成了旅游景点，现在能把土特产卖给游客，还能通过网络把产品卖到全国各地。
Reporter: Have these changes greatly improved your lives?
记者：这些变化极大地改善了你们的生活吗？
Ms Wu: Yes! We now have new houses. And our village has just built a new hospital and a library.
吴女士：是的！我们住上了新房子，村里还新建了医院和图书馆。
Reporter: Wonderful! Together you are building a new socialist village.
记者：太好了！你们正在共同建设社会主义新农村。
1b On the Fast Track
In 2017, the new 480-kilometre Mombasa-Nairobi railway was opened.
2017 年，新建的 480 公里蒙内铁路正式通车。
Before then, the only transport links between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital, were
rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901.
在此之前，连接肯尼亚主要港口蒙巴萨和首都内罗毕的交通方式只有崎岖的公路和1901年修建的老旧铁路。
1The old trains were very slow. It took 10 hours to get to Nairobi from Mombasa by train.
旧火车速度很慢，从蒙巴萨坐火车到内罗毕要 10 个小时。
However, the new railway, built with China's help, has already cut the travel time between Mombasa and Nairobi
to about four hours for passengers.
然而，在中国帮助下修建的新铁路，将蒙巴萨与内罗毕之间的客运时间缩短至4小时。
Now, more than two million people use it every year.
如今每年有超过 200 万人乘坐这条铁路。
Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.
肯尼亚当地民众从新铁路中获益良多。
A government worker said, "I'm very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends. Many changes have
taken place in the town over the last few years, and the people who live here have become rich."
一位政府工作人员说：“我非常满意中国朋友修建的这条新铁路。过去几年小镇发生了很多变化，这里的
人们富裕起来了。”
A businessman said, "My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. It is very convenient and doesn't
cost much money. I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease."
一位商人说：“2017年以来我坐火车的体验一直很好，方便又便宜，我能准时到达各地，轻松谈成生
意。”
The railway has also made the transport of food easier.
这条铁路也让粮食运输更便捷。
"Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains"
said a supermarket manager.
一位超市经理说：“过去往返两座城市运输粮食需要几百辆卡车，现在只需要两三列火车。”
As a result, people now have more fresh food to eat.
因此，人们现在能吃到更多新鲜食物。
Although China and Kenya are far away from each other, the railway shows how different countries can work
together to build a better world.
虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展现了不同国家如何携手合作，共建更美好的世界。
3a Changes in My Life
Now that I am older, my life is different from when I was in primary school.
现在我长大了，生活和小学时不一样了。
For example, my primary school was near my home, so I used to walk to school with my parents.
2比如，我小学离家很近，以前常和父母步行上学。
Now my junior high school is farther from home. I take a bus every day with my friends.
现在初中离家更远，我每天和朋友坐公交车上学。
My home has changed too. My family used to live in a small flat, but now we have moved to a much larger one.
我的家也变了。我们家以前住小公寓，现在搬到了大得多的房子里。
My grandma lives with us now as well. She has her own room and her own TV set.
奶奶也和我们一起住，她有自己的房间和电视机。
I am glad that I get to see her every day.
我很高兴每天都能见到她。
The way I study is also different. I have become more confident in my studies and often attend group discussions.
我的学习方式也不一样了。我在学习上更自信了，经常参加小组讨论。
I enjoy studying with my friends. It's amazing how much we have achieved together.
我喜欢和朋友们一起学习，我们一起取得的进步真让人惊喜。
My life has changed in many ways,but one thing stays the same:the feeling of love and happiness shared by my
family.
我的生活在很多方面都变了，但有一样始终没变：家人之间的爱与幸福。
3Unit 2 Inspiring People
3a
Adam: Hi, everyone. Who is the person you admire the most?
亚当：大家好，你们最敬佩的人是谁？
Yaming: My favourite person is I.M. Pei.
亚明：我最敬佩的人是贝聿铭。
Adam: Did he design the glass pyramid at the Louvre Museum?
亚当：卢浮宫的玻璃金字塔是他设计的吗？
Yaming: Yes. It was very creative of him to design it. The Suzhou Museum is also one of his amazing designs. He
created a beautiful balance between the East and the West.
亚明：是的，他的设计极具创意。苏州博物馆也是他的经典作品之一。他在东西方之间营造了美妙的平衡。
Adam: Wow, you really know a lot about him!
亚当：哇，你对他了解真多！
Yaming: I read books and reports about him. I want to be a creative person like him.
亚明：我读了关于他的书籍和报道。我想成为像他一样有创造力的人。
Adam: What about you, Chen Jie? Who inspires you?
亚当：陈洁，你呢？谁激励着你？
Chen Jie: Wang Yaping,of course,China's first woman to walk in space.She is full of courage and wisdom.She was
also the first woman to teach a live class from space.What about you,Adam?Who do you look up to?
陈洁：当然是王亚平，中国首位太空行走的女航天员。她充满勇气与智慧，还是第一位在太空授课的女教
师。亚当，你呢？你敬佩谁？
Adam: Me? My biggest inspiration is not a famous person. It's my father. It's really very nice of him to support and
encourage my exchange study here.
亚当：我？我最敬佩的不是名人，是我爸爸。他非常支持和鼓励我来这里做交换生，人特别好。
1b The Inspiring Seed Scientist
On 25 September 2017, the scientific world was shaken by the news that Chinese professor Zhong Yang had died
in a car accident.
2017年9月25日，中国教授钟扬因车祸离世的消息震惊了科学界。
The well-respected biologist had spent his whole life researching plants and seeds.
这位备受尊敬的生物学家毕生致力于植物与种子研究。
Over the years, he collected many important seeds for China's seed banks.
多年来，他为中国的种子库收集了大量重要种子。
4These special banks protect all kinds of plant seeds, including the ones we need for food, and they make sure that
important plants do not disappear from the world forever.
这些种子库保护各类植物种子，包括粮食作物种子，确保重要植物不会从地球上永久消失。
Zhong Yang was born in 1964. When he was young, he showed a deep love and curiosity for the things he studied.
钟扬生于1964年，年少时就对所学事物怀有深厚热爱与好奇心。
He was an excellent student, entering university at the early age of 15.
他成绩优异，15 岁就考入大学。
There, he studied radio engineering and later became interested in plants.
大学期间学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生兴趣。
The research and study of plants, especially the seeds, became the focus of his life after he became a professor at
Fudan University.
成为复旦大学教授后，植物尤其是种子的研究成为他一生的重心。
It is important for seed banks to include many different kinds of seeds.
种子库需要收录多种多样的种子，这一点至关重要。
When Zhong Yang discovered that there was not enough research of the seeds from Xizang, he went there to
collect seeds himself.
钟扬发现西藏地区的种子研究不足时，亲自前往西藏收集种子。
In 2001, he began his travels across Xizang.
2001年，他开始走遍西藏。
It was very difficult for him to brave the cold weather and great heights.
克服严寒与高海拔的困难对他来说异常艰辛。
He sometimes fell sick, but he always continued with his work.
他有时会生病，但始终坚持工作。
Zhong Yang knew it was better to include more people when doing important work.
钟扬明白，重要的工作需要更多人参与。
He began a programme to find and train local students in field research to become scientists.
他发起项目，发掘并培养当地学生从事野外研究，成为科研工作者。
Together, he and his team collected more than 40 million seeds from around 1,000 plants.
他和团队一共收集了约 1000 种植物的 4000 多万粒种子。
Their hard work provided the world with lots of new information about the plants in China.
他们的努力为世界提供了大量关于中国植物的全新资料。
5Zhong Yang left behind more than just a huge collection of seeds.His love for his job and research lives on in his
students.
钟扬留下的不只是海量种子收藏，他对工作与研究的热爱在学生身上延续。
He once said, "My students will continue on the road of scientific exploration and the seeds we have collected may
grow hundreds of years from now."
他曾说：“我的学生将继续走在科学探索的道路上，我们收集的种子或许在数百年后会生根发芽。”
3a
To me, one of the most inspiring people in Chinese history is Mozi (about 468-376 BCE).
对我而言，中国历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一是墨子（约公元前468-前376年）。
It is said that Mozi was a soldier, good at woodwork, and was the inventor of the kite.
据说墨子曾是武士，擅长木工，还是风筝的发明者。
But in fact, above all, he was a great thinker.
但事实上，他首先是一位伟大的思想家。
Mozi lived during the Warring States Period. Back then, many kingdoms were fighting against each other.
墨子生活在战国时期，当时各国战乱不休。
In these wars, the common people were always hurt.
百姓总是深受其害。
To Mozi, this had to stop, so he spent his life trying to bring peace.
在墨子看来，这一切必须停止，因此他毕生致力于追求和平。
His idea of love was one reason that Mozi wanted peace.
兼爱的思想是墨子倡导和平的原因之一。
It was important to him that everyone should show the same kindness and care to everyone else, whether they were
family, friends, or strangers.
他认为，每个人都应平等地关爱他人，无论对方是家人、朋友还是陌生人，这一点至关重要。
He also believed states should avoid attacking one another.
他还主张各国不应互相攻伐。
Though Mozi lived more than 2,000 years ago, his ideas live on.
尽管墨子生活在两千多年前，但他的思想流传至今。
I think he is still a great inspiration to many people.
我认为他依然激励着许多人。
Now, more than ever, people around the world need to hear the message of peace and love, and work together to
build a community of a shared future for mankind.
6如今，全世界人民比以往任何时候都更需要聆听和平与兼爱的理念，携手共建人类命运共同体。
7Unit 3 Smart Learning
3a
Ella: Hi, this is Ella's podcast. Today's guest is Binbin. He's going to give us some ideas for learning English.
埃拉：大家好，这里是埃拉的播客。今天的嘉宾是彬彬，他将为我们分享学习英语的方法。
Binbin: Hi, Ella. Thanks for having me! For learning English, I think first you need to become an active learner.
彬彬：埃拉你好，谢谢邀请！我认为学英语首先要做主动学习者。
Ella: What do you mean by that?
埃拉：你是什么意思？
Binbin: Well, because I want to speak English well, I practise English all the time.
彬彬：因为我想说好英语，所以我一直练习英语。
Ella: Oh, you must spend a lot of time studying!
埃拉：哦，你肯定花了很多时间学习！
Binbin: Well, it doesn't mean you have to study all the time. You need to spend time using the language. For
example, I speak English with friends. I repeat the dialogues from the films I like. I read English books, and
sometimes I write my diary in English.
彬彬：这并不意味着要一直埋头学，而是要花时间运用这门语言。比如，我和朋友用英语交流，模仿喜欢
的电影里的对话，读英语书，有时还用英语写日记。
Ella: Wow! I guess you really enjoy learning.
埃拉：哇！我猜你真的很享受学习。
Binbin: Yes, it's true! But you see, I started out at zero and came across problems. I mean you just have to take
things step by step. Start simple and build up.
彬彬：没错！但你知道，我也是从零开始，也遇到过困难。我的意思是，要一步一步来，从简单的开始，
循序渐进。
Ella: That's so true.
埃拉：太对了。
1b How to Become a Successful Learner
Everyone has the ability to learn.
每个人都有学习的能力。
Experts on the science of learning will tell you that anyone can become a successful learner.
学习科学专家会告诉你，任何人都能成为成功的学习者。
However, many students do not realize this, and they have trouble learning.
然而很多学生没有意识到这一点，在学习中遇到困难。
8Studies show that the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a growth mindset.
研究表明，成为成功学习者的首要关键是拥有成长型心态。
This means, in part, believing in yourself.
这在一定程度上意味着相信自己。
It also means setting goals, taking action, and meeting challenges.
也意味着设定目标、付诸行动、迎接挑战。
People with a growth mindset see mistakes as chances for learning, as they teach us how to improve.
拥有成长型心态的人把错误当作学习的机会，因为错误能教会我们如何进步。
Research also shows that practice is important for learning.
研究还表明，练习对学习很重要。
The more we practise, the better we learn.
练习得越多，学得越好。
We learn best by practising new and difficult things.
练习新的、有难度的内容效果最佳。
Sometimes it is also important to get guidance from a teacher or a coach.
有时接受老师或教练的指导也很重要。
They can show us the right way to practise and give us important feedback and advice.
他们能教给我们正确的练习方法，给出重要的反馈和建议。
In addition,studies show that students learn more when they hang out with other students who are serious about
study.
此外，研究显示，和认真学习的同学在一起，学生能学到更多。
First, by being together, students can easily learn from each other.
首先，在一起时同学们很容易互相学习。
Second, students are challenged to do better by each other.
其次，同学们会互相激励，追求更好。
This has been proven to encourage learner growth.
这已被证实能促进学习者成长。
Successful learners also use the best learning materials they can find.
成功的学习者还会善用能找到的最佳学习资料。
In the 21st century, this means using new technology and resources, not just textbooks.
在21世纪，这意味着使用新技术和新资源，而不只是课本。
9Since there are so many learning materials on the internet, it is important to think carefully and choose wisely what
and how you study.
网上的学习资料繁多，因此要认真思考，明智选择学习内容和方式。
Take advantage of the best tools and resources to learn wisely and efficiently.
利用最好的工具和资源，智慧高效地学习。
Finally, successful learners see learning as part of daily life.
最后，成功的学习者把学习当作日常生活的一部分。
It is something they will do even after they leave school, even when they are old.
即使毕业、变老也会坚持学习。
As you continue on your learning journey, you should try to walk at your own speed and enjoy the trip.
在学习的旅程中，你应该按照自己的节奏前行，享受过程。
Never lose heart.
不要灰心。
The road ahead of you may be long and may have many mountains and valleys, but it also has great treasure.
前方的路或许漫长，布满坎坷，但也藏着巨大的宝藏。
You will find more joy in living a life with learning!
在充满学习的生活中，你会收获更多快乐！
3a
My love of books comes from my mother.
我对书籍的热爱源于妈妈。
Books are her classroom and teacher, and through books she has become the wise and smart person I know.
书是她的课堂和老师，通过读书，她成为了我所认识的聪慧睿智的人。
Because of my mother's love of reading, our home is full of books on different subjects.
因为妈妈热爱阅读，我们家摆满了各类书籍。
When I was a child, my mother sat me on her knee, told me stories, and taught me how to read.
小时候，妈妈让我坐在她膝上，给我讲故事，教我认字读书。
Soon, I was reading by myself, and I found children's books no longer kept me interested.
很快我就能自己阅读了，儿童读物已经无法吸引我。
So I started reading my books and magazines-especially popular science books and books about the lives of famous
people.
于是我开始读大人的书和杂志，尤其是科普书和名人传记。
After dinner, I would just pick out a book from the shelf to read in my room.
10晚饭后，我总会从书架上选一本书，在房间里阅读。
Reading opened up new worlds and allowed me to discover new things for myself.
阅读为我打开了新世界的大门，让我亲自探索新事物。
I think that reading is great fun.
我觉得阅读充满乐趣。
Now that I am older, I can always find time to read in the school library.
现在我长大了，总能在学校图书馆挤出时间阅读。
I believe that reading has helped me a lot with my schoolwork and made me more confident about my future.
我相信阅读对我的学业帮助很大，也让我对未来更有信心。
Chen Lei, age 15
15岁 陈雷
11Unit 4 Our Memory
3a
Chen Jie: Why do you look worried, Rick?
陈洁：里克，你怎么看起来忧心忡忡？
Rick: Yesterday I visited my grandma, but she kept calling me Johnny.
里克：昨天我去看奶奶，她一直叫我约翰尼。
Chen Jie: Who's Johnny?
陈洁：约翰尼是谁？
Rick: My dad!
里克：我爸爸！
Chen Jie: Oh, dear!
陈洁：天哪！
Rick: And then she told me not to eat the cookies because she was saving them for her grandson.
里克：然后她还不让我吃饼干，说要留给她的孙子。
Chen Jie: Who's that?
陈洁：她的孙子是谁？
Rick: Me!
里克：就是我啊！
Chen Jie: Well, that's not a good sign.
陈洁：这可不是好迹象。
Rick: No. My parents are taking her to hospital tomorrow.
里克：是啊，我爸妈明天带她去医院。
Chen Jie: Good. Follow what the doctor says. She may need special care.
陈洁：那就好，听医生的话，她可能需要特殊照料。
Rick: Yeah. I just feel so sad. I don't understand what she's going through.
里克：嗯，我就是很难过，不明白她经历着什么。
Chen Jie: Well, you know how some people's memory gets worse as they get older. It happened to my grandpa too.
陈洁：你知道的，有些人年纪大了记忆力会变差。我爷爷也这样。
Rick: Oh, no. What happened?
里克：不会吧，发生什么了？
Chen Jie: We used to fly kites in the park. But now he forgets how to reach the park.So,I walk him there every
weekend.
12陈洁：我们以前常去公园放风筝，可现在他忘了去公园的路。所以我每个周末都陪他走过去。
Rick: That's sweet!
里克：你真好！
Chen Jie: Thanks. Instead of what he forgets, I keep in mind what he remembers. In your case, your grandma still
remembers that you love cookies!
陈洁：谢谢。我不去想他忘记了什么，而是记住他还记得的事。你奶奶还记得你爱吃饼干呢！
Rick: You're right! Thanks, Chen Jie!
里克：你说得对！谢谢你，陈洁！
1b How to Boost Your Memory
Would you like to improve your memory?
你想提高记忆力吗？
To start with, it is important to understand how memory works.
首先，了解记忆的运作原理很重要。
There are two main kinds of memory: short-term memory and long-term memory.
记忆主要分为两种：短时记忆和长时记忆。
Short-term memory helps you remember things that you may only need for a short time, like phone numbers when
you need to make a phone call.
短时记忆帮你记住短期内需要的信息，比如打电话时的号码。
Long-term memory is the ability to remember things for days, years, or even a lifetime.
长时记忆是能记住几天、几年甚至一辈子的能力。
So the real question is: How do you make sure what you learn enters your long-term memory?
所以真正的问题是：如何让所学内容进入长时记忆？
By using some clever memory techniques and leading a healthy life, you will see some great results.
运用巧妙的记忆方法，保持健康生活，就能收获显著效果。
Let's take a look.
一起来看看。
First, pay attention.
第一，集中注意力。
However, you might fail to remember all the details.
但你可能记不住所有细节。
So, try taking notes and writing down key points.
所以试着记笔记，写下要点。
13After all, it is easier to remember a summary than every word in a passage.
毕竟，记住概要比逐字背诵文章更容易。
Second, use it or lose it.
第二，用则进，废则退。
The more you review what you learn, the more likely you will remember it.
复习得越多，记得越牢。
However, you should not wear out your brain.
但不要过度用脑。
Try studying for 40 minutes, and then take a break.
学习 40 分钟就休息一下。
You can also review information by discussing it with others or by teaching others.
你也可以和他人讨论、给他人讲解来复习知识。
A third way is to make use of senses.
第三，善用感官。
Create images by using tables, graphs, and mind maps to organize information.
用表格、图表、思维导图整理信息，构建画面。
You can also create a story with information and view it in your mind like a film.
也可以把信息编成故事，像电影一样在脑海中回放。
In addition, make use of your other senses.
此外，利用其他感官。
For example, listening to recorded information can be very effective.
比如听录音就很有效。
Last but not least, boost your memory by staying healthy.
最后同样重要的是，保持健康以提升记忆力。
Sleep well. While you sleep, your brain organizes your memories.
睡好觉。睡眠时大脑会整理记忆。
Bad sleep makes it harder for new information to enter your long-term memory.
睡眠不好会让新信息更难进入长时记忆。
Eat well. Your brain needs food like an engine needs fuel.
吃好饭。大脑需要营养，就像引擎需要燃料。
Healthy food and drink will help your brain work much better.
健康的饮食能让大脑运转得更好。
14Exercise. A healthy and active body boosts both your memory and your mind.
多运动。健康活力的身体能同时提升记忆力和思维能力。
Many more memory techniques can be found in books or online.
书籍和网络上还有更多记忆技巧。
Try some different methods to see which ones work best for you.
尝试不同方法，找到最适合自己的。
You are sure to improve your memory!
你的记忆力一定会提高！
3a
Friday, 20 November
11月20日星期五
In the past, I always felt stressed when I had to give a speech.
以前，我一要演讲就紧张。
I used to spend lots of time trying to memorize my speech, but I still forgot some parts.
我总花大量时间背演讲稿，却还是会忘词。
Last week, I decided to find out what the right way is to memorize a speech.
上周，我决定找到背演讲稿的正确方法。
I looked online and asked friends, and I found many useful methods.
我上网查资料、请教朋友，找到了很多实用技巧。
I learnt how to create a speech outline.
我学会了列演讲提纲。
Instead of trying to remember every word of my speech, I remembered the key words first.
不再逐字背诵，而是先记关键词。
Then I formed images of these key words in my mind, and linked them in order.
再在脑海中把关键词变成画面，按顺序串联起来。
Another method is to divide the speech into short sections.
另一个方法是把演讲稿分成小段。
I practised the first section until I could fully recall it. Then I moved on to the next.
先练第一段，直到完全记住，再练下一段。
This helped me to find out which parts of the speech I needed to work on the most.
这能帮我找到最需要下功夫的部分。
Finally, a friend told me that I should have confidence in myself.
15最后，朋友告诉我要自信。
Nobody knows my speech except me.
除了我没人更熟悉我的演讲稿。
If I do forget some words, I shouldn't panic.
就算忘词也别慌。
Just remember the key words and continue!
记住关键词继续讲就好！
I followed all these great methods and my speech today was a great success!
我用了这些好方法，今天的演讲非常成功！
16Unit 5 Power of Ideas
3a
Fu Xing: What do you think is the most useful invention of all time, Peter?
付星：彼得，你认为有史以来最有用的发明是什么？
Peter: It has to be the radio.
彼得：肯定是收音机。
Fu Xing: The radio? Why?
付星：收音机？为什么？
Peter: Before the radio was invented, information travelled very slowly.
彼得：收音机发明前，信息传播速度极慢。
The world was made much smaller by the radio.
收音机让世界变小了。
Suddenly, news could be spread around the world in seconds.
新闻能在几秒内传遍全球。
Fu Xing: Right. Who was the inventor?
付星：没错。发明者是谁？
Peter: An Italian inventor called Guglielmo Marconi.
彼得：意大利发明家伽利尔摩·马可尼。
He developed the idea in the 1890s.
他在19世纪90年代提出这个构想。
In 1901, a radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time.
1901年，无线电信号首次横跨大西洋传播。
Fu Xing: Wow! That was quite a distance at that time.
付星：哇！在当时那可是很远的距离。
Peter: Yeah. And because of the radio, some other important inventions were developed as well.
彼得：是啊。因为收音机，其他一些重要发明也相继出现。
Fu Xing: Like the television?
付星：比如电视？
Peter: That's right. It also had a big effect on music.
彼得：没错。收音机还对音乐产生了巨大影响。
The radio made it much easier for people to enjoy music from artists around the world.
让人们更容易欣赏到世界各地艺术家的音乐。
171b An Invention That Changed the World
Can you imagine a world without books, newspapers, or magazines?
你能想象没有书籍、报纸、杂志的世界吗？
All of these things depend on one invention-papermaking.
这些都依赖一项发明——造纸术。
It,more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world.
相比其他发明，正是造纸术推动了信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。
In ancient China, many different materials were used to write on, such as animal bones, bronze wares, stones,
wood, bamboo, and even silk.
中国古代，人们用多种材料书写，比如兽骨、青铜器、石头、木材、竹子，甚至丝绸。
In the Western Han Dynasty,there was also a very early form of paper made from jute—a fibre that comes from
plants.
西汉时期出现了用黄麻（一种植物纤维）制作的早期纸张。
However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store or very expensive.
但这些材料要么难以使用和保存，要么价格昂贵。
As the head officer of the palace workshop for the emperor in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cai Lun became interested
in trying to solve the problem.
东汉时期，蔡伦担任皇宫尚方令，开始尝试解决这个问题。
Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal.
他尝试了多种制作书写材料的方法，都不理想。
In his times, some kinds of bark- the outside part of trees-were used to make clothes.
当时，人们用某些树皮制作衣服。
From past experiences, Cai Lun got the idea that bark, certain plants, and old clothes could be used to make a
special material suitable to write on.
从经验中，蔡伦想到用树皮、特定植物和旧布料制作适合书写的特殊材料。
In the first step of Cai Lun's experiment, all the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water.
蔡伦的实验第一步是把所有原料混合水煮。
Then, this material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water again.
然后捣烂、切碎，再次加水搅拌。
Next, the liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre.
接着把浆液倒在竹帘上，只留下纤维。
Finally, this fibre was dried and pressed to form paper.
18最后把纤维晾干、压平，就成了纸。
To everyone's surprise, this paper was soft, light, easy to make and use, and most importantly, cheap.
令人惊喜的是，这种纸柔软轻便、易制易用，最重要的是价格低廉。
In 105 CE, Cai Lun showed his creation to the emperor.
公元 105 年，蔡伦将这项发明献给皇帝。
The emperor was very pleased and praised Cai Lun for his great work.
皇帝十分满意，称赞他的伟大功绩。
Later on, the papermaking technique did not only speed up the development of Chinese culture, but also changed
civilizations around the world.
后来，造纸术不仅加速了中国文化的发展，也改变了世界文明。
It first spread to China's neighbouring countries and finally reached Europe through Arabic countries in the 12th
century.
它先传入中国周边国家，12 世纪经阿拉伯国家传到欧洲。
When the use of paper and printing came together in later centuries,it led to a rapid increase in the number of
books.
几个世纪后，纸张与印刷术结合，书籍数量激增。
This resulted in a new birth of knowledge, creating the world we have today.
带来了知识的新生，造就了我们今天的世界。
3a
The invention of the plane has greatly changed the world.
飞机的发明极大地改变了世界。
However, it seems that its inventors,Orville Wright and Wilbur Wright,were not looking to change the world at all.
然而，发明者莱特兄弟（奥维尔·莱特和威尔伯·莱特）起初根本没想改变世界。
Rather, they just wanted to fly like birds.
他们只是想像鸟儿一样飞翔。
To solve the problem of heavier-than-air flight, the Wright brothers began working with gliders.
为了解决重于空气的飞行器飞行难题，莱特兄弟开始研究滑翔机。
There were two main challenges.
他们面临两大挑战。
The first was how to get the glider into the air.
一是如何让滑翔机升空。
The second was how to control it once it was flying.
19二是升空后如何操控。
For both problems, they found their solution by looking at how birds flew.
他们通过观察鸟类飞行找到了这两个问题的答案。
After they solved these problems, they added an engine to the glider.
解决问题后，他们给滑翔机加装了发动机。
Then, in December 1903, the world's first plane flights were made.
1903年12月，人类历史上首次飞机飞行成功。
The invention of the plane has made our travels around the world much easier and faster.
飞机的发明让环球旅行变得更便捷、更快速。
Journeys that once took days, weeks, or even months, can now be made in only a few hours.
曾经需要几天、几周甚至几个月的旅程，现在只需几小时。
As a result, communication among people in different countries is now much easier, and the world feels smaller.
因此，不同国家人们的交流变得更容易，世界也感觉变小了。
20Unit 6 Beyond Earth
3a
Host: Our question today is: Why do we explore space? Let's talk to space scientist Dr Yang. Welcome, Dr Yang!
主持人：今天的问题是：我们为什么要探索太空？我们有请太空科学家杨博士。杨博士，欢迎您！
Dr Yang: Thank you very much. Well, there are three good reasons to explore space. First, to improve our
knowledge of Earth and its place in the universe.
杨博士：非常感谢。探索太空有三个重要原因。第一，加深我们对地球及其在宇宙中位置的认知。
Host: Could you explain that a bit more?
主持人：能再解释一下吗？
Dr Yang: Sure. The study of other planets helps us better understand Earth's geology, history, and relationship with
other planets.
杨博士：当然。研究其他行星能帮我们更好地了解地球的地质、历史以及与其他行星的关系。
Host: Oh, right.
主持人：哦，对。
Dr Yang: Second, technology developed for space can benefit us here on Earth.
杨博士：第二，太空研发的技术能造福地球。
Host: Could you give our listeners an example?
主持人：能给听众举个例子吗？
Dr Yang: Of course. Some satellites, for example, help us deal with problems caused by climate change.
杨博士：当然。比如一些卫星能帮助我们应对气候变化带来的问题。
Host: Yes, that's very useful. And the third reason?
主持人：是的，非常实用。第三个原因呢？
Dr Yang: Well,at some point in the far future,we may find new resources in outer space.It might sound crazy,but
our Earth may run out of resources. In that case, a new home for us human beings will be needed.
杨博士：在遥远的未来，我们可能在太空发现新资源。这听起来或许不可思议，但地球资源可能会枯竭。
到那时，人类就需要新的家园。
Host: Wow, interesting! Maybe Mars will be made into our new home in the future.
主持人：哇，有意思！或许未来火星会成为我们的新家园。
1b To the Stars and Beyond
Since the beginning of human history, people have looked up at the stars and wondered what they were like.
从人类诞生之初，人们就仰望星空，好奇星辰的模样。
Many ancient cultures believed that these points of light were from gods or other mysterious worlds.
21许多古代文明认为这些光点来自神明或神秘世界。
However, as technology and science developed, we learnt the truth about stars.
然而，随着科技发展，我们了解了星辰的真相。
They are real places like our own sun, and they are further away than anyone imagined.
它们是和太阳一样的真实天体，距离远超出人们的想象。
This raises the question: Can we visit the stars one day?
这引发了一个问题：我们有朝一日能造访星辰吗？
The man-made object which has travelled furthest from Earth is Voyager 1.
飞得离地球最远的人造物体是 “旅行者 1 号” 探测器。
This spacecraft was launched in 1977.
1977 年发射。
In case Voyager 1 is found by alien life, a special record with sounds and pictures from Earth is carried on board.
为了万一被外星生命发现，它携带了一张载有地球声音与画面的特殊唱片。
It shows who we are and where we are from.
诉说着人类的身份与起源。
Now, Voyager 1 is an amazing 23.5 billion kilometres from Earth, but that is still a long way from Earth's nearest
star, Proxima Centauri.
如今，“旅行者 1 号” 已距地球 235 亿公里，但离地球最近的恒星——比邻星仍很遥远。
That star is 4.2 light years away-about 40 trillion kilometres!
这颗恒星距离地球4.2光年，约40万亿公里！
The challenge of visiting the stars gets even bigger for space flights with humans.
载人星际飞行的挑战更大。
The furthest that any human has gone in space is only about 400,000 kilometres, around the other side of the moon.
人类在太空中到达的最远距离仅约 40 万公里，也就是月球背面。
Time is a big problem.
时间是大问题。
At present, even a journey to the planet Mars will take around six to nine months.
目前飞往火星就需要 6 到 9 个月。
What will the astronauts eat and drink during this period?
宇航员在此期间的饮食如何保障？
And how about their health and safety?
健康与安全如何保障？
22These problems grow when we talk about visiting another star.
这些问题在星际旅行中会更加严峻。
It might take hundreds of thousands of years to get there!
可能需要数十万年才能抵达！
Scientists, however, believe that visiting the stars is not a completely wild dream.
但科学家相信，造访星辰并非完全不切实际的梦想。
One idea is to have the astronauts sleep during their journey like some animals do in winter.
一个构想是让宇航员像动物冬眠一样在旅途中沉睡。
Another is to develop much faster spacecraft.
另一个是研发速度更快的航天器。
While this is not possible right now, with nations and scientists cooperating with one another, there is hope that the
necessary technology will be developed.
虽然目前无法实现，但各国与科学家通力合作，有望研发出所需技术。
Humans have set foot on the moon, successfully landed rovers on Mars, and even photographed other galaxies.
人类已登上月球，火星车成功登陆火星，甚至拍摄到其他星系的照片。
In time, it seems likely that one day we may reach the stars as people once dreamt.
总有一天，我们或许能像古人梦想的那样，抵达星辰。
3a My Space Dream
My space dream is that one day a space station will be built on the moon.
我的太空梦是有朝一日在月球上建造空间站。
I believe there are quite a few benefits.
我相信这会带来诸多益处。
First, it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together.
首先，它会成为科学家合作开展太空研究的绝佳场所。
New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there.
新技术可以在那里研发、测试和使用。
These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets.
进而帮助人类在火星和其他行星上建造空间站。
Second, more resources will be found.
其次，能发现更多资源。
I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resources that can be useful to Earth.
我认为月球上可能存在对地球有用的特殊能源。
23It just takes time for scientists to find it.
科学家只是需要时间去寻找。
Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit.
第三，人们可以在那里生活和工作，游客也能前往参观。
I want to be one of the first visitors.
我想成为首批游客之一。
I hope one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe.
我希望有一天人类能去太空度假，探索宇宙。
Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams.
人类已经实现了许多曾经只是梦想的事。
I hope the space station on the moon will be built in the near future, and I hope it will happen during my lifetime.
我希望月球空间站能在不久的将来建成，在我有生之年得以实现。
24Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm
3a
Clarice: That was a great concert! Which performance did you like the best, Jack?
克拉丽斯：这场音乐会太棒了！杰克，你最喜欢哪个节目？
Jack: I thought Horse Racing was especially good. It really gave me the feeling of a horse race.
杰克：我觉得《赛马》特别好，让我仿佛置身赛马现场。
Debbie: I love music which is energetic! Their use of the keyboard and erhu made me imagine horses running
down a track.
黛比：我喜欢充满活力的音乐！他们用电子琴和二胡演奏，让我想象到骏马在赛道上奔腾。
Clarice: Yes,but for me,I really like music which is full of joy and celebration, such as Dance of the Golden Snake.
克拉丽斯：没错，但我更喜欢充满欢乐喜庆的音乐，比如《金蛇狂舞》。
Teng Fei: The use of the erhu, pipa, and drums was exciting, but I prefer music that touches me-that's why I liked
Butterfly Lovers more. The music tells a sad and romantic story.
滕飞：二胡、琵琶和鼓的演奏很震撼，但我更偏爱打动人心的音乐，所以我更喜欢《梁祝》。这首乐曲讲
述了一个凄美浪漫的故事。
Jack: Yeah, and it's interesting that the performers used both Chinese and Western instruments. I have never heard
the erhu played together with the violin.
杰克：是啊，有意思的是演奏者同时使用了中西乐器。我从没听过二胡和小提琴合奏。
Teng Fei: I also liked Voices of Spring. I never realized you could dance to it!
滕飞：我还喜欢《春之声》，我从来没想过可以跟着它跳舞！
1b Chopin: A Great Inspiration
When the great composer Robert Schumann first heard a work which was written by young Chopin, he said, "Hats
off, gentlemen! A genius!"
伟大作曲家罗伯特·舒曼第一次听到年轻肖邦的作品时说：“先生们，脱帽致敬！一位天才！”
Frederic Chopin (1810-1849) was one of the greatest musicians in history.
弗雷德里克·肖邦（1810-1849）是历史上最伟大的音乐家之一。
During his short lifetime, he was celebrated as one of the world's greatest pianists--even though he only gave
around 30 concerts!
他短暂的一生中，虽仅举办约30场音乐会，却被誉为世界顶级钢琴家！
He was also a gifted composer who left behind more than 200 musical works.
他还是天赋异禀的作曲家，留下了 200 多部音乐作品。
Chopin was born in a village in Poland.
25肖邦出生在波兰的一个村庄。
He didn't attend music school until he was 16, but soon outdid his teachers.
他16岁才进入音乐学校，却很快超越了老师。
His parents sent him to Vienna in 1829 to widen his musical experience.
1829年，父母送他去维也纳拓宽音乐视野。
By 1832, he had made his way to Paris, the city that he would call home for the rest of his life.
1832年，他定居巴黎，这座城市成为他余生的家园。
Chopin was not only a great pianist, but also a respected piano teacher.
肖邦不仅是杰出的钢琴家，还是备受尊敬的钢琴老师。
He often told his students, "Put all your soul into it! Play the way you feel!"
他常对学生说：“全身心投入！按照你的感受去演奏！”
This is advice that is still followed by musicians today.
这条建议至今仍被音乐家们遵循。
Polish folk music was a kind of music that some people looked down on at the time--it was seen as too simple and
common.
波兰民间音乐在当时被一些人轻视，认为太过简单通俗。
But it became an important characteristic in Chopin's music.
却成为肖邦音乐的重要特色。
His use of Polish folk music caused people to see it as a valuable art form.
他对波兰民间音乐的运用，让人们认识到这是珍贵的艺术形式。
His music also helped build a nation which was divided up by other countries.
他的音乐还助力当时被瓜分的波兰凝聚民族精神。
By using Polish folk music, Chopin seemed to be saying to the world, "We are our own country with our own
culture! We are our own people!"
通过运用波兰民间音乐，肖邦仿佛在向世界宣告：“我们有自己的文化，是独立的民族！”
Chopin's music encouraged his people and helped them keep going through years of difficulty.
肖邦的音乐鼓舞着同胞，支撑他们度过漫长苦难。
Today, the Polish people proudly think of Poland as the country of Chopin.
如今，波兰人民自豪地将波兰称为 “肖邦之国”。
When Chopin died from ill health at 39, thousands of people travelled from faraway countries to attend his funeral.
肖邦39岁因病离世时，数千人从异国他乡赶来参加他的葬礼。
Today, people around the world still listen to his moving and often sad music.
26如今，世界各地的人们仍在聆听他动人且略带忧伤的音乐。
It is studied in music schools, played by pianists, heard in films and on TV, and loved by listeners young and old.
音乐院校教授他的作品，钢琴家演奏他的乐曲，影视节目中回荡着他的旋律，男女老少都深爱他的音乐。
3a My Music Story
The present that changed my life was the guitar my father bought me for my eighth birthday.
改变我人生的礼物是爸爸在我八岁生日时送的吉他。
I spent the next several months learning to play the guitar.
接下来的几个月，我一直学弹吉他。
I often sat next to my father while he showed me how to play a song.
我常坐在爸爸身边，看他教我弹曲子。
Then I went to my room and practised until my fingers hurt.
然后回房间练习到手指酸痛。
I had a lot of trouble at first.
起初我遇到很多困难。
But gradually, I became good at playing the guitar.
但渐渐的，我弹吉他越来越熟练。
Some of my schoolmates invited me to join their band.
一些同学邀请我加入他们的乐队。
At first, I was too shy to play in front of people.
一开始，我害羞得不敢在人前演奏。
Then I realized that I enjoyed music more when I shared it with others.
后来我发现，和别人分享音乐时，我更享受音乐。
We had great fun playing music and I made good friends with those in the band.
我们一起演奏特别开心，我和乐队成员成了好朋友。
Nowadays, our band is getting more and more popular.
如今，我们的乐队越来越受欢迎。
We often take part in performances both inside and outside our school.
经常参加校内外的演出。
Although I have become busier this year, I still love playing the guitar and manage to find time for it.
虽然今年我更忙了，但我依然热爱弹吉他，总能挤出时间练习。
Music makes me happy when I am feeling sad, and relaxes me when I am stressed.
音乐在我难过时让我开心，在压力大时让我放松。
27It will always be part of my life.
它将永远是我生命的一部分。
Jack, age 15
15岁 杰克
28Unit 8 More than a Game
3a
Ella: The Winter Olympics start next month. What event would you like to watch?
埃拉：下个月冬奥会就开始了，你想看什么项目？
Teng Fei: Ski jumping is at the top of my list.
滕飞：我最想看跳台滑雪。
Ella: Same here!
埃拉：我也是！
Teng Fei: Really? I just love seeing the athletes fly through the air!
滕飞：真的吗？我就喜欢看运动员在空中飞跃的样子！
Ella: I agree. It's not easy to do what they do.
埃拉：没错，他们太不容易了。
Teng Fei: My parents and I also enjoy watching figure skating. I'm always amazed by their strength and technique.
滕飞：我和爸妈还喜欢看花样滑冰，他们的力量和技巧总让我惊叹。
Ella: Like you, my family watch sports together, especially speed skating. It's truly amazing. What about the
summer games? Do you have a favourite event?
埃拉：我和家人也一起看体育比赛，尤其是速度滑冰，太精彩了。那夏季奥运会呢？你有喜欢的项目吗？
Teng Fei: Oh yes! I especially like the men's swimming.
滕飞：当然！我特别喜欢男子游泳。
Ella: You must be a good swimmer.
埃拉：你肯定很会游泳吧。
Teng Fei: Not really, but I love watching it anyway. For me, the swimming events are so exciting because
swimmers often win by just 0.01 seconds. My family also watch team sports together, like women's volleyball.
That's my mum's favourite.
滕飞：其实不会，但我就是喜欢看。对我来说，游泳比赛特别刺激，选手们常常只差 0.01 秒决出胜负。
我和家人还一起看团体项目，比如女排，那是我妈妈的最爱。
Ella: Cool! Oh, don't forget to watch the opening ceremony.
埃拉：太棒了！哦，别忘了看开幕式。
Teng Fei: Yeah. That's always exciting!
滕飞：是啊，开幕式总是很精彩！
1b
Good morning, everyone!
29大家早上好！
Today, I'd like to talk about my favourite sports event.
今天我想谈谈我最喜欢的体育赛事。
Actually, when I used the word "event", it means two events: the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter
Olympics.
其实我所说的 “赛事” 指两项：2008 年夏季奥运会和 2022 年冬季奥运会。
They were held in Beijing-the first city ever to host both the Summer and the Winter Olympics.
北京是全球首个既举办过夏奥又举办过冬奥的城市。
The most recent was the 2022 Winter Olympics.
最近的是 2022 年冬奥会。
A total of nearly 2,900 athletes attended and competed in 109 events in seven Olympic winter sports.
近 2900 名运动员参与了 7 个大项 109 个小项的角逐。
There were many exciting moments.
留下无数精彩瞬间。
Nearly the whole world watched the fantastic figure skating and ski jumping competitions.
全世界几乎都观看了精彩的花样滑冰和跳台滑雪比赛。
I watched the freestyle skiing, and like everyone else, I fell in love with those brave and talented athletes.
我看了自由式滑雪，和所有人一样，爱上了那些勇敢又有天赋的运动员。
I also became a huge fan of the mascot, Bing Dwen Dwen.
我也成了吉祥物冰墩墩的超级粉丝。
And we shall not forget the amazing achievements in the 2008 Summer Olympics.
我们也不能忘记 2008 年夏奥会的辉煌成就。
I watched in wonder as Usain Bolt smiled his way across the finish line in the 100 metres, setting a new world
record.
我惊叹地看着尤塞恩·博尔特微笑着冲过100米终点线，刷新世界纪录。
Then I watched the drama of the shooting event.Du Li won her second Olympic gold medal,after the first one in
2004.
还见证了射击比赛的戏剧性时刻——杜丽在2004年夺冠后，再次拿下奥运金牌。
Both were dramatic come-from-behind victories.
两场都是精彩的逆转胜利。
Hosting two Olympics brought challenges but also opportunities to Beijing.
举办两届奥运会给北京带来了挑战，也带来了机遇。
30Both Games showed China's success in its reform and opening-up on the world stage.
两届奥运都在世界舞台上展现了中国改革开放的成功。
China's great achievements have gained worldwide attention.
中国的伟大成就举世瞩目。
In both events, many volunteers and citizens helped out.
两届赛事中，无数志愿者和市民倾力相助。
They worked with pride to ensure that people from around the world had a pleasant stay.
满怀自豪地确保各国友人拥有愉快的体验。
Events like the Olympic Games build bridges between countries and form friendships between people.
奥运会这样的赛事搭建起国家间的桥梁，缔结人民间的友谊。
The purpose of the Olympics is to build relationships between people, to celebrate the Olympic spirit, and to bring
people together for peace and harmony.
奥运会的宗旨是增进人与人的联系，弘扬奥运精神，凝聚人心，共创和平与和谐。
This is shown in both the motto of the 2008 Olympics, "One World, One Dream", and the motto of the 2022
Olympics, "Together for a Shared Future".
2008 年奥运口号 “同一个世界，同一个梦想” 和 2022 年奥运口号 “一起向未来” 都诠释了这一理
念。These mottos touch my heart quite deeply, as I'm sure they touch yours.
这些口号深深打动了我，相信也打动了你们。
Thank you for listening!
谢谢大家的聆听！
3a An Olympic Swimmer Who Nearly Drowned
You may have never heard of my favourite athlete, Eric Moussambani, the first Olympic swimmer from Equatorial
Guinea.
你可能没听说过我最敬佩的运动员——埃里克·穆桑巴尼，他是赤道几内亚首位奥运游泳选手。
Eric swam in the 100-metre freestyle at the 2000 Sydney Olympics.
埃里克参加了2000年悉尼奥运会100米自由泳比赛。
However, he had just begun swimming only six months before the games!
然而，他在奥运会前 6 个月才开始学游泳！
The only swimming pool for him was a hotel pool about 13 metres long, and even then he could only use it for an
hour every morning.
他唯一能用的泳池是酒店里约13米长的小泳池，还只能每天早上用一小时。
In fact, the first time he ever saw an Olympic-sized 50-metre swimming pool was at the Olympics.
31事实上，他第一次见到奥运标准的 50 米泳池，就是在奥运会赛场。
During his race,he swam well for the first 50 metres,but the last 15 metres of the race were especially difficult for
him.
比赛中，他前50米游得不错，但最后15米异常艰难。
In fact, it looked like he was going to drown!
看起来几乎要溺水了！
But he tried hard to finish the race and won loud cheers from the crowd.
但他拼尽全力完成比赛，赢得了观众的热烈欢呼。
Though Eric Moussambani is not an Olympic medal winner, he is still my favourite athlete.
虽然埃里克·穆桑巴尼没有获得奥运奖牌，但他依然是我最敬佩的运动员。
He never gave up no matter how hard it was.
无论多么艰难，他从未放弃。
With hard work and practice, Eric later became quite fast at the 100 metres.
通过努力训练，埃里克后来100米游得非常快。
His time for the 100-metre event improved from 1 minute 52 seconds, his Olympic record, to under 57 seconds!
成绩从奥运会时的1分52秒提升到 57秒以内！
He later became the coach of the national swimming team for Equatorial Guinea, and he is a true example of the
Olympic spirit.
他后来成为赤道几内亚国家游泳队教练，是真正的奥林匹克精神典范。
32
