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2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题(一)答案与详解
Part Ⅰ Writing
审题思路
本次作文一改往年常考的三段式议论文、图表作文和名言评述作文题型,设定虚拟情景，要求考生描述
某处景点，考生应该把重点放在说明选取这一景点的原因上，也就是说明其独特性上。仔细分析可知,本文
依旧可以分三部分展开。考生首先应回答“what”的问题,即去什么地方游玩;其次，考生应回答“Why”的
问题，即推荐该地点的缘由;最后, 考生需要做简要的总结。
写作提纲
一、回答“what”，说明去某地游玩(take vacation, on the top of my list)
二、回答“why”，描述某地的独特之处：1、以泰山为例(Mount Tai)
2、泰山的独特之处(spectacularity, sacredness, hope and
auspiciousness)
三、简要总结：1、探访泰山很有意义（engagement in ancient culture and contemporaiy prosperity)
2、表达愿望(wonderful experience)
范文点评
高分范文
A Tour to Mount Tai
① I am delighted to learn that my foreign Mend, Bill, is going to take vacation in my hometown. For the
sake of his hospitality I enjoyed in England, I will show him around the landscape, ② among which Mount TaL is
unquestionably on the top of my list .
③ Centuries ago, at the summit of the mountain, Con- fucius exclaimed that the world was small; ④ in
modem times, everyone is bound to appreciate its spectacularity and sacredness.⑤ Mount Tai is more than a
mountain ; it is a place which symbolizes hope and auspiciousness, embodying profound culture.⑥ Furthermore,
Mount Tai is considered to be sacred to the point where almost every ancient Chinese emperor came here to make
offerings to Heaven and Earth, praying for a prosperous country and a peaceful living environment.
⑦Visiting Mount Tai is more than a mountain climbing excursion, but a hands-on engagement in ancient
culture and contemporary prosperity. Thus, ⑧ I assure you that you will like this wonderful experience.
精彩点评
①②引出并点明主题:外国朋友要来家乡游玩，泰山是首选之地。
③④古今对比:古今名人都对泰山有着特殊的感情。
③⑤泰山的独特之处:泰山不仅仅是一座山，她还象征着希望和祥瑞，体现了深厚的文化。
⑥泰山的独特之处:泰山是神圣之地,历代帝王奉泰山如神灵，到泰山祈求国泰民安。
⑦总结到访泰山的意义。
⑧表达愿望。
加分亮点
unquestionably毫无疑问地
be bound to... 一定会…
第 1 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
spectacularity 壮丽
sacredness 神圣
to the point where …到了…程度
hands-on亲身实践的
第 2 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
全文翻译
泰山之旅
欣闻我的外国朋友比尔要来我的家乡度假。由于我在英国曾受到比尔的热情款待，我将带他四处看看
家乡的风景。在所有风景中，泰山无疑是首选之地。
几个世纪前，孔子登上泰山之巅，发出登泰山而小天下之感叹;在现代，每个人必定会去欣赏泰山的壮
丽和神圣。泰山不仅仅是一座山，她还象征着希望与祥瑞，体现了深厚的文化。此外，泰山被看作是如此神圣
以至于几乎每位古代帝王都会到这里祭祀天地,祈求国家昌盛、国泰民安。
登泰山不仅是一次登山远足，还是一次亲身体验古代文化和现代繁荣的旅行。因此，我向你保证你一定
会喜欢这次美妙的旅行的。
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. W: I can’t seem to reach the tea at the back of the cupboard.
M： Oh. Why don’t you use the ladder? You might strain your shoulder.
Q： What does the man suggest the woman do?
1. A) See a doctor about her strained shoulder. C) Replace the cupboard with a new one.
B) Use a ladder to help her reach the tea. D) Place the tea on a lower shelf next time.
【预测】四个选项都是动词短语，由此可推断该题会对建议或计划进行提问。A)“找医生看拉伤的胳
膊”，strain表示“拉伤，扭伤”。选项中出现了 tea, cupboard, shelf等,可推测对话和日常生活相关，而
且、B)选项中同时出现了 her,应该是男士对女士提出建议，答案应该在男士的话里，注意听男士的话。
【精析】B。女士提到自己遇到的问题是够不到食橱后面的茶叶，男士使用了 Why don’t you...?的结构建议
女士使用梯子，故本题应该选择B) 。
2. W Since it’s raining so hard, let’s go and see the new exhibits.
:
M That’s a good idea. Mary Johnson is one of my favorite painters.
:
Q： Where does the conversation most probably take place?
2. A) At Mary Johnson’s. C) In an exhibition hall.
B) At a painter’s studio. D) Outside an art gallery.
【预测】 四个选项都是表示地点的词，问题会针对地点提问，极有可能为谈话地点。选项中出现了painter’s
studio, exhibition hall，gallery，均和艺术相关，在听对话时应特别注意表示地点的关键词。
【精析】D)。女士提出雨下得很大，建议去看新的展品，男士提到Maiy Johnson是他最喜欢的画家之一，可以
推断出exhibits指的是美术作品,通过这两点可断定谈话地点是在美术馆外，故本题应该选择D)。
3.听力原文：M： I hear the students gave the new teacher an unfair evaluation.
W： It depends on which students you are talking about.
Q ： What does the woman imply?
3. A)The teacher evaluated lacks teaching experience.
B) She does not quite agree with what the man said.
C) The man had better talk with the students himself.
D) New students usually cannot offer a fair evaluation.
【预测】四个选项中出现了 teacher，evaluated，students，evaluation等词，可以推测，对话与学生对老师的评价
相关。
【精析】B)。男士说学生对新教师做出了不公正的评价，面对男士的说法，女士并没有表示认同，而是婉转表
达了质疑。“这取决于你说的是哪些学生了”，言外之意是她不同意男士所说的话，故本题应该选择B)。
4.听力原文：W： It must have taken you a long time to fix up all these bookshelves.
M: It wasn’t too bad. I got Doris to do some of them.
Q ： What does the man mean?
第 3 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
4. A) He helped Doris build up the furniture. C) Doris fixed up some of the bookshelves.
B) Doris helped him arrange the furniture. D) He was good at assembling bookshelves.
【预测】四个选项中出现了 he，Doris, furniture, bookshelves等词，而且出现的动词为build up,arrange,
fixed up, assembling,由此推测对话应会提到男士和Doris干某事，听音时应注意男士的表述。
【精析】C)。女士说男士肯定花费了很长时间修理书架，男士说他让多丽丝干了一些，而此处的do some of
them指的就是女士所说的修理书架，故本题应该选择C)。
5.听力原文：W： Rod, I hear you’ll be leaving at the end of this month. Is it true?
M：Yeah. I’ve been offered a much better position with another firm. I’d be a fool to turn it down
Q； Why is the man quitting his job?
5. A) He doesn’t get on with the others. C) He has been taken for a fool.
B) He doesn’t feel at ease in the firm. D) He has found a better position.
【预测】四个选项均以he开头,firm意为“公司” ,position意为“职位”，B)和D)两个选项中提到的这两
个词都和工作相关，可推测对话应该涉及男士的工作问题。
【精析】D)。女士询问男士是否月末离职，男士做出肯定的回答,并说明了原因是“另一家公司向我提供了
更好的职位”，故本题应该选择D)。
6.听力原文：W： I honestly don’t want to continue the gardening tomorrow, Tony?
M ： Neither do I. But I think we should get it over with this weekend.
Q ： What does the man mean?
6. A) They should finish the work as soon as possible.
B) He will continue to work in the garden himself.
C) He is tired of doing gardening on weekends.
D) They can hire a gardener to do the work.
【预测】选项中出现了 work, garden, gardening，gardener等，可推测对话内容和园艺工作相关。B)和C)选项
都以he开头，应注意听男士所说的话。
【精析】 A)。女士说自己明天不想继续做园艺工作了，男士表达了同样的观点,但是提出他们应该在周末之
前完成。听力对话中表示转折处往往是考查重点，此处but表示转折，听音时应特别留意其后的内容。 选项
A)中的finish同义替换原文中的get it over with,而as soon as possible则同义替换了原文中的 this weekend,
故本题应该选择A)。
7.听力原文：W ： You’ve already famished your apartment?
M： I found some used furniture that was dirt cheap.
Q ： What do we learn from the conversation?
7. A) The man has to get rid of the used furniture.
B) The man’s apartment is ready for rent.
C) The furniture is covered with lots of dust.
D) The furniture the man bought is inexpensive.
【预测】选项中出现了furniture, apartment等词，可推测对话和居家生活相关，涉及到公寓和家具等，而且A)、
B)、D)选项中都提到了 the man，听音时应重点关注男士的话。
【精析】D)。女士询问男士是否在公寓装好了家具，男士回答说他找到了一些特别便宜的二手家具。注意
习惯用语dirt cheap意为“很便宜”，D)中的inexpensive是原文中dirt cheap的同义表述，故本题应该
选择D)。
8. 听力原文：W： Has the mechanic called about the repairers?
M： Not yet. I’ll let you know when he calls.
Q ： What do we learn from the conversation?
8. A) The man will give the mechanic a call. C) The woman is doing some repairs.
B) The woman is waiting for a call. D) The man knows the mechanic very well.
第 4 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
【预测】选项中提到了 mechanic, call, repaid等，可推测对话内容和打电话找修理工相关，四个选项中有两个
以the man开头，两个以the woman开头，故听音时应同时留意男士和女士的话。
【精析】B)。女士问男士机械工给修理工打电话了没有，男士回答说还没有，打完电话他会告诉女士的。由此
可推断女士在等电话，故本题应该选择B)。
Conversation One
9-12.听力原文：
M：Hello, Matt Ellis speaking.
W：Hello, Dr. Ellis. My name’s Pan Johnson. My roommate, Janet Holmes, wanted me to call you.
M： Janet Holmes? Oh, thafs right. She’s in my Shakespearean English class. Has anything happened to her?
W：Nothing. (9) It’s just that she submitted a job application yesterday and the company asked her in for an
interview today. She’s afraid she won’t be able to attend your class this afternoon though. (10) I ’ m calling to see
whether it would be OK if I gave you her essay. Janet said ifs due today.
M：Certainly. That would be fine. Uh, you can either drop it off at my class or bring it to my office.
W：Would it be all right to come by your office around 4 :00? I’m afraid I can’t come any earlier because I have
three classes this afternoon.
M: Uh, I won’t be here when you come. I’m supposed to be at a meeting from 3:00 to 6:00，but how about leaving
it with my secretary? She usually stays until 5：00.
W：Fine. Please tell her Fll be there at 4：00. (11) And Dr. Ellis, one more thing, could you tell me where your
office is? Janet told me where your class is, but she didn’t give me directions to your office.
M： Well, I’m in Room 302 of the Gregory Building. I’ll tell my secretary to put the paper in my mail box, and I’ll
get it when I return.
W：I sure appreciate it. Goodbye, Dr. Ellis.
M：Goodbye, Ms. Johnson.
9. Why couldn’t the woman’s roommate attend the Shakespearean English class that afternoon?
A) She had a job interview to attend. C) She had to attend an important meeting.
B) She was busy finishing her project. D) She was in the middle of writing an essay.
A。【精析】通过对话开头的Matt Ellis speaking可推测该对话是在打电话，前三句是套话，第四句开始出现新
人物Janet Holmes,—般为考点提示信号。女士提到她的室友不能来上课的原因是她要去参加面试，故A)是
答案。
10. What favor is the woman going to do for her roommate?
A) Accompany her roommate to the classroom. C) Submit her roommate’s assignment.
B) Hand in her roommate’s application form. D) Help her roommate with her report.
C。【精析】前文提到Janet Holmes,即女士的roommate,她所遇到的问题是因为面试不能来上课，所以让女士
帮忙交作业，故C)是答案。
11. What does the woman want to know at the end of the conversation?
A) Where Dr. Ellis’s office is located. C) Directions to the classroom building.
B) When Dr. Ellis leaves his office. D) Dr. Ellis’s schedule for the afternoon.
A。【精析】女士在最后提到,她想知道埃利斯博士的办公室在哪，故A)是答案。
Conversation Two
听力原文：
W ： How are things going, Roald?
M： (12) Not bad, Jane. I’m involved in several projects and it’s a long working day. But I’m used to that , so it
doesn’t bother me too much.
W:I heard you have moved to a new house in the suburb. How do you like commuting to London every day?
Don’t you find it a strain?
第 5 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
M： (13) It was terrible at first, especially getting up before dawn to catch that 6 ： 30 train . But it’s bearable now
that I’m used to it.
W: Don’t you think it’s an awful waste of time? I couldn’t bear to spend three hours sitting in a train every day.
M：I used to feel the same as you. (14) But now I quite e n joy it .
W：How do you pass the time? Do you bring some work with you to do on the train?
M: Ah, that’s a good question. (15) In the morning, I just sit in comfort and read the papers to catch up with the
news. On the way home at night, I relax with a good book or chat with Mends or even have a game of bridge.
W：I suppose you know lots of people on the train now.
M：Yes, I bumped into someone I know on the platform every day. Last week I came across a couple of old school
Mends and we spent the entire journey in the bar.
W：It sounds like a good club. You never know. I may join it too.
12、What does the man say about his job?
A) He finds it rather stressful. C) He can handle it quite well.
B) He is thinking of quitting it. D) He has to work extra hours.
C)。【详解】该题考点信息出现在明显的信号词but之后，男士说他参与了几项工程,工作时间很长，但他已
经习惯了，由此可推断出男士把工作处理得很好，故C)是答案。
13、Which train does the man take to work every day?
A) The 6:00 one. C) The 7:00 one.
B) The 6:30 one. D) The 7:30 one.
B。【详解】对话中提到，男士住在郊区,每天需要搭乘火车到伦敦。男士提到要赶6:30的这班火车，故B)为
答案。
14、How does the man feel about commuting to work every day now?
A) It is an awful waste of time. C) The time on the train is enjoyable.
B) He finds it rather unbearable. D) It is something difficult to get used to.
C。【详解】女士认为每天花很长时间乘坐火车上班是浪费时间，男士回答说以前和女士的想法一样，但是现
在很享受。本题考点再次出现在明显信号词but之后：“ But now I quite enjoy it. ”对应选项C) The time on
the train is enjoyable，故 C)是答案。
15、How does the man spend his time on the morning train?
A) Reading newspapers. C) Listening to the daily news.
B) Chatting with friends. D) Planning the day’s work.
A。【详解】对话中，女士问男士在车上如何消磨时光，男士的回答包含的信息量较大，分别提到了早晨上班
时和晚上下班时在火车上做的事情，应注意本题问的是早晨上班时如何度过。男士的回答是读报以获取新
闻，故A)是答案。
Section B
Passage One
Most American college students need to be efficient readers. This is necessary because full-time students probably
have to read several hundred pages every week. (16) They don’t have time to read a chapter three or four times .
They need to extract as much information as possible from the first or second reading. An extraordinarily
important study skill is knowing how to mark a book. Students mark the main ideas and important details with a
pen or pencil, yellow or blue or orange. Some students mark new vocabulary in a different color. Most students
write questions or short notes in the margins. Marking a book is a useful skill, but it’s important to do it right.
First, read a chapter with one pen in your hand and others next to you on the desk. Second, read a whole
paragraph before you mark anything. Don’t mark too much. Usually you will mark about 10% of a passage. (17)
Third, decide on your own system for marking. For example, maybe you will mark main ideas in yellow,
第 6 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
important details in blue and new words in orange. Maybe you will put question marks in the margin when you
don’t understand something. (18) When your chapter is a rainbow of markings , you don ’ t have to read all of it
again before an exam. Instead, you just need to review your marks and you can save a lot of time.
16、What should American college students do to cope with their heavy reading assignments?
A) Ignore small details while reading.
B) Read at least several chapters at one sitting.
C) Develop a habit of reading critically.
D) Get key information by reading just once or twice.
D。【详解】短文开头提到，美国大学生必须学会高效地阅读，因为每周他们都要读很多东西。他们没有时间
反复阅读同一个章节，只能阅读一两遍，从中获取尽量多的信息，故答案为D)。
17、What suggestion does the speaker give about marking a textbook?
A) Choose one’s own system of marking. C) Make as few marks as possible.
B) Underline the key words and phrases. D) Highlight details in a red color.
A。【详解】短文中提到，掌握做阅读标记的方法很重要，并给出做好标记的三点建议:提笔开始阅读;读完一
个段落后再做标记;确定自己的标记系统。A)项符合上述建议中的第三条，故答案为A)。
18、How should students prepare for an exam according to the speaker?
A) By reading the textbooks carefully again. C) By focusing on the notes in the margins.
B) By reviewing only the marked parts. D) By comparing notes with their classmates.
B。【详解】短文结尾部分提到,考试之前只需复习做了标记的部分，这样能够节约复习时间，故答案为B)。
Passage Two
The thought of having no sleep for 24 hours or more isn’t a pleasant one for most people. The amoxmt of
sleep that each person needs varies. In general, each of us needs about 8 hours of sleep each day to keep us healthy
and happy. Some people, however, can get by with just a few hours of sleep at night. (19) It doesn’t matter when
or how much a person sleeps. But everyone needs some rest to stay alive. Few doctors would have thought that
there might be an exception to this. Sleep is, after all, a veiy basic need. (20) But a man named A1 Herpin turned
out to be a rare exception, for supposedly he never slept! A1 Herpin was 90 years old when doctors came to his
home in New Jersey. They hoped to challenge the claim that he never slept. But they were surprised. Though they
watched him every hour of the day, they never saw Herpin sleeping. He did not even own a bed. He never needed
one. The closest that Herpin came to resting was to sit in a rocking chair and read a half dozen newspapers. His
doctors were puzzled by the strange case of permanent sleeplessness. (21) Herpin offered the only clue to his
condition. He remembered some talk about his mother having been in jured several days before he had been bo rn .
Herpin died at the age of 94, never, it seems, having slept at all.
19、What is taken for granted by most people?
A) The sleep a person needs varies from day to day.
B) The amount of sleep for each person is similar.
C) One can get by with a couple of hours of sleep.
D) Everybody needs some sleep for survival.
D。【详解】短文中提到，尽管人们的睡眠时间和需求不同，但人们总是需要睡觉的，因为休息是生存的需要，
故答案为D)。
20、What do doctors think of A1 Herpin’s case?
A) It is a made-up story. C) It is a rare exception.
B) It is beyond cure. D) It is due to an accident.
C。【详解】对于一般人来说，睡觉是基本的生存需要,但阿尔•海尔宾却与众不同，因为他从不睡觉。医生认为
这是个罕见的例外，故答案为C)。
第 7 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
21、What could have accounted for A1 Herpin’s sleeplessness?
A) His extraordinary physical condition. C) The unique surroundings of his living place.
B) His mother’s injury just before his birth. D) The rest he got from sitting in a rocking chair.
B。【详解】短文中提到，一些医生对阿尔•海尔宾不用睡觉的现象感到惊，但他们找不出原因。阿尔•海尔宾
说出了一个唯一可能的原因:他的母亲在生他几天前曾受伤，故答案为B)。
Passage Three
Hetty Green was a very spoiled, only child. (22) She was bo rn in Massachusetts, USA in 1835. Her father
was a millionaire businessman. Her mother was often ill, and so from the age of trwo her father took her with him
to work and taught her about stocks and shares. At the age of six she started reading the dally financial newspapers
and opened her own bank account. (23) Her father died when she was 21 and she inherited 7. 5 million dollars. She
went to New York and invested on Wall Street. Hetty saved every penny, eating in the cheapest restaurants for 15
cents. (24) She became one of the richest and most hated women in the world. At 33 she married Edward Green, a
multi-millionaire, and had two children, Ned and Sylvia. (24) Hetty ’ s mean ness was well-known . She always
argued about prices in shops. She walked to the local grocery store to buy broken biscuits which were much
cheaper, and to get a free bone for her much loved dog. Once she lost a two-cent stamp and spent the night looking
for it. She never bought clothes and always wore the same long, ragged black skirt. Worst of all, when her son,
Ned, fell and injured his knee, she refused to pay for a doctor and spent hours looking for free medical help. In the
end Ned lost his leg. When she died in 1916, she left her children 100 million dollars. (25) Her daughter built a
hospital with her money.
22、What do we learn about Hetty Green as a child?
A) She invested in stocks and shares on Wall Street.
B) She learned to write for financial newspapers.
C) She developed a strong interest in finance.
D) She tenderly looked after her sick mother.
C。【详解】短文开头提到，海蒂•格林从小娇生惯养，父亲是百万富翁，母亲经常生病，父亲经常教她做股票
生意，她六岁时就喜欢阅读金融日报。由此可知，她从小就对金融产生了浓厚的兴趣，故答案为C)。
23、How did Hetty Green become rich overnight?
A) She made a wise investment in real estate.
B) She sold her restaurant with a substantial profit.
C) She got 7. 5 million dollars from her ex-husband.
D) She inherited a big fortune from her father.
D。【详解】海蒂的父亲在她21岁时去世了，于是她继承了父亲750万美元的财产。由此可知，海蒂一夜暴富
是因为继承了她父亲的遗产，故答案为D)。
24、Why was Hetty Green much hated?
A) She was extremely mean with her money.
B) She was dishonest in business dealings.
C) She frequently ill-treated her employees.
D) She abused animals including her pet dog.
A。【详解】短文在中间部分提到，海蒂因节约而积累财富，但也因为花钱吝啬而遭人厌恶,并举例说明她如何
斤斤计较，故答案为A)。
25、What do we learn about Hetty’s daughter?
A) She made a big fortune from wise investment.
B) She built a hospital with her mother’s money.
C) She made huge donations to charities.
D) She carried on her family’s tradition.
第 8 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
B。【详解】短文末尾部分提到海蒂的子女的情况:儿子因为她的吝啬延误治疗而最终失去一条腿;女儿继承
了她的财产并建立了一家医院，故答案为B)。
Section C
26、identical。【详解】此处应该填入一个形容词作表语。通过下文表示转折关系的but和different—词可知，
空格处所填形容词应与different意思相反。identical意为“相同的”。
27、approach。 【详解】此处应该填入动词原形，构成want sb. to do结构。approach意为“靠近，接近”。
28、back and forth。【详解】此处应该填入副词短语修饰动词move。back and forth意为“来回地”。
29、opposite。【详解】此处位于定冠词the之后，应该填入名词。此处通过举例说明观点:有些动作相同，但意
思不同。opposite意为“相反的人或物”。
30、indicates。【详解】此处应该填入动词第三人称单数形式。indicates意为“表示”。
31、referring to。【详解】此处应该填入现在分词形式，与is构成现在进行时结构。referring to意为“指的是”。
32、parallel to。【详解】此处应该填入形容词结构作keeps的表语。parallel to意为“与……平行的”。
33、reserved。【详解】此处应该填入过去分词形式，构成被动语态。reserved意为“保留”。
34、at a right angle。【详解】此处应该填入介词结构，作keep的表语。at a right angle意为“呈直角”，与前文
的parallel to形成对比。
35、embarrassing。【详解】此处应该填入形容词，与前面的humorous—词构成并列结构。embarrassing意为
“尴尬的”。
PartⅢ Reading Comprehension
Section A
答案详解：
36、N) simply。【详解】空格前面是many,承接上文,即many Brazilians; want to后面省略了动词read,因此空
格处需要填入副词形式。备选项中只有两个副词,分别是simply和particularly, simply符合句意“许多人只
是不愿意读书”。由此确定副词simply为本题答案。particularly意为“独特地，显著地”，与句意不符，故排
除。
37、A) average。【详解】通过分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入形容词修饰名词Brazilian。通过下文的1.8
non-academic books a year可知，空格处形容词不可能表达总量，而应该是平均数，即“平均每个巴西人”之
意，由此确定average为答案。备选形容词中，expensive不能修饰人,named, normal和potential不符合句意，
可以排除。
38、M) ranked。【详解】根据句子结构可知，空格处应填入动词过去式作谓语。巴西在被调查的30个国家中
排名第27位，而邻国阿根廷排名第18位，故空格处填入的动词具有“排名”之意，故ranked为答案。备选
项中的其他动词均无“排名”之意，故可排除。
39、F) launched。【详解】根据句子结构可知，空格处应填入动词过去式作谓语，且该动词可以与plan搭配构
成动宾关系。下文中提到政府通过修建图书馆等措施推进民众读书，故launched符合句意，即“发起计划”。
备选动词中，distributed意为“分发”，后面接具体事物作宾语，neglected意为“忽视”，quit意为“辞职，
放弃”，quit a plan意为“放弃计划”，ranked常用来表达排名，且在上题已使用，treasured意为“珍爱”，
常用情感或事物作宾语，故均可排除。
40、E) expensive。【详解】根据句子结构可知，空格处应填入形容词，构成系表结构。根据句中的
discouragement—词可知，此处说明影响巴西人不爱读书的因素。根据下文中的pushing up their price可知，
这里描述的应该是书的价格，故expensive符合句意。
41、H) neglected。【详解】空格处应填入动词作从句的谓语，本段分析了巴西人不爱读书的深层原因，即长达
几个世纪的奴隶制造成该国领导人长期忽视教育，结合下文提到“巴西基础教育在20世纪90年代才得到
普及”可知，巴西教育的滞后深受奴隶制的影响，因此本空应选择neglected,即巴西“长期忽视教育”。
42、K) potential。【详解】通过分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入名词。因为巴西读书人数少,这在客观上存在
增长潜力，故potential符合句意。growth potential是常用搭配，意为“增长潜力”。
43、C) distributed。【详解】空格处应填入动词过去分词，作textbooks的后置定语,distribute textbooks意为
第 9 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
“分发教科书”，故答案为C)。
44、L) quit。【详解】空格处应填入动词构成主谓结构，结合下文的complained, shame等词可知，巴西国家图
书馆馆长因对目前的状况不满而辞职，故quit符合句意。
45、B) collection。【详解】空格前面有冠词the,故应填入名词。本句与图书馆有关collection此处可理解为
“藏书”,符合句意。
Section B
Passage One
46、The author attended the conference, hoping to find some guiding principles for parenting in the electronic age.
D)。【译文】作者参加了会议，希望能找到一些在电子时代为人父母的指导原则。
【精析】文章开头提到几十家手机及平板电脑儿童应用程序开发商聚集在加州蒙特利的度假地，展示他们为
儿童设计的游戏程序，作者也参加了这次大会,他希望这些已为人父母的开发商们可以帮助他解决自己的难
题并提供一些指导建议。题干中的attended the conference和find some guiding principles分别对应原文中的
come to the developers’ conference 和 offer some guiding principle，故答案为 D)。
47、American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children.
G)。【译文】美国家长对于科技据说能给他们的孩子带来的益处变得更加怀疑。
【精析】F)段提到很多家长尽管反对孩子过多地使用电子媒体，但是作者自己的经历表明：当家长意识到自
己是孩子使用电子媒体的元凶时，会感到局促不安。G)段承接上文，指出家长也更加怀疑科技给孩子带来的
影响。题干中的more doubtful对应原文中的more distrustful，故答案为G)。
48、Some experts believe that human intelligence develops by the use of hands.
A)。【译文】有些专家认为，人的智力是通过使用双手发展而来的。
【精析】在产品展会知间隙，巴克莱纳测试了他的遥控直升飞机的性能，这虽然引起了一些孩子的兴趣，但大
多数孩子显然不为所动,而是被参展的iPad或其他平板电脑深深吸引着。在和开发者们的交谈中，有人用
“双手是人类智力发展的工具”这一观点解释了其中的原因。题干中的human intelligence是原文中man’s
intelligence 的同义转述，故答案为 A)。
49、The author found a former Montessori teacher exercising strict control over her kids5 screen time.
E)。【译文】作者发现一位曾担任蒙台梭利法教师的女士严格控制孩子接触屏幕的时间。
【精析】作者想听听家长对孩子接触屏幕的看法，于是和一位曾协助开发“蒙台梭利字母语音”程序的女
士聊起来。她曾经是蒙台梭利法的教师，她说自己的孩子玩游戏不多，因为她和孩子们约定好了接触屏幕
的时间。 即使按过度控制的家长的标准，这好像也有点过于严厉了。题千中的a former Montessori teacher
与原文相同，题干中的strict control是原文中restrictive和overcontrolling的同义转述，故答案为E)。
50、Research shows interaction with people is key to babies’ brain development.
C)。【译文】研究表明，与人交流是孩子大脑发育的关键。
【精析】1999年，美国儿科学会就不鼓励两岁以下的儿童看电视，因为大脑开发研究显示，“与父母和其他主
要看护人的直接交流”对这个年龄段的孩子而言至关重要。由此可知，孩子在大脑发育的关键时期应该与
人交流。题干中的 interaction with people 对应原文中的 direct interactions with parents and other
significant eare givers,故答案为C)。
51、So far there has been no scientific proof of the educational benefits of iPads.
H)。【译文】到目前为止，还没有科学证据证明iPad 的教育益处。
【精析】G)段提到家长的两难境地:他们一方面想让孩子接触新科技，另一方面又担心科技带来的负面影 响。
因此，父母在做出决定时，都要认真考虑这一决定可能带来的后果。H)段表明，目前尚未证实使用iPad是否
有好处。题干中的 educational benefits 是原文中 make your preschooler smarter or teach her to speak Chinese
的同义转述，故答案为H)。
52、American parents worry that overuse of tablets will create problems with their kids’ interpersonal relationships
第 10 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
G) 。【译文】美国的父母们担心过度使用平板电脑会给孩子的交际带来问题。
【精析】该段论述了美国家长对新科技的态度。他们一方面希望孩子接触新科技，另一方面又担心过度使用
电子媒体会带来负面影响。他们认为，谨慎使用新科技会给孩子带来帮助，若使用不慎，则会给孩子带来交
流障碍，使他们不会目光交流，甚至只能在虚拟世界里找到女朋友。题干中的overuse of tablets对应原文中
的 too much digital media，题干中的 problems with their kids’ interpersonal relationships 是对原文 can’t make
eye contact and has a girlfriend who lives only in the virtual world 的概述，故答案为 G)。
53、The author expected developers of children’s apps to specify the benefits of the new technology.
D)。【译文】作者希望为孩子设计应用程序的开发商们能够明确说明新科技给孩子们带来的好处。
【精析】作者在D)段提到，他参加了应用程序开发商大会，希望能在这些热衷于互动媒体，同时又为人父母
的特殊人群中寻找答案，因为他们或许会更清楚地表达新科技给孩子们带来的好处。题干中的 specify the
benefits of the new technology 与原文中的 express clearly some benelits of the new technology 意思相同，
故答案为D)。
54、The kids at the gathering were more fascinated by the iPads than by the helicopter.
A)。【译文】展会上的孩子们更着迷于 iPad,而不是直升飞机。
【精析】文章提到，在大会间隙，巴克莱纳测试了他的遥控直升飞机能否飞到大厅二层,有些孩子仰头观看着
他的测试，但大多数孩子则低头看着大厅里展出的iPad或其他平板电脑，就像看着一盒盒打开的糖果。由此
可知，孩子们更着迷于iPad,故答案为A)。
55、The author permits her children to use the screen for at most half an hour a day.
F)。【译文】作者每天最多允许她的孩子使用电子媒体半小时。
【精析】作者对一位女士严格控制孩子接触电子媒体的时间感到吃惊，于是便询问其他父母的看法。其中一
位说只有在乘飞机或坐长途车时才能玩;另一位说周三和周末可以玩，每次半个小时;最宽容的回答跟作者
的规定一样:每天可以玩半个小时。由此可知，作者允许孩子接触电子媒体的时间每天不超过半小时，故答
案为F)。
Section C
Passage One
答案详解：
56、C)。定位：由题干中的 traditionally 定位到文章第二段第一句：A11 the traditional reasons... women fall
behind when they leave the workforce to raise kids...。
详解：事实细节题。文章第一段提出了大学毕业一年后，女性收人比同龄男性收人低的现象，接着第二段指
出了解释这种收人差距的传统原因:女性因为离职照顾孩子而落后，或者她们没有像男性一样努力寻求管理
岗位，因此C) “她们被迫在家照顾孩子”符合文章表述，故答案为C)。
点睛：A) “她们没能选择那么多严格的课程”，这个表述出现在文章第四段，叙述本身没有错误，作者用这
一表述解释年轻女性收人低的原因，但不是传统上的观点，可以排除;B) “她们认为自己不那么适合管理
岗位”，文章第二段提到传统原因之一是女性没有像男性一样努力寻求管理岗位，但是没有说她们认为自
己不适合，与原文不符，可以排除;D) “她们没有展现出所需的领导素质”，文章没有提及，可以排除。
57、B)。定位：由题干中的America’s higher education system定位到文章第与段最后一句：...higher
education system is not designed to focus on the economic consequences of our students’ years on campus.
详解：事实细节题。文章第三段提出了造成当前现象的原因，其中第二点是我们的高等教育体系设置的重心
不在学生毕业后能获得的经济回报上。B)中的does not consider和economic impact分别是对原文中的is not
designed to focus on和economic consequences的同义转述，故答案为B)
点睛A)“它没能为女性提供特别的职业咨询”、C)“它没有照顾到女性学生的特殊需求”和D)“它没有
鼓励女性选择严格的科目 ”均未在文章中提及，可以排除。
58、A)。定位：由题干中的 college experience 定位到文章第三段第二句：...the university experience is still an
unequal one.再由题干中的today定位到文章第四段前两句:Now...one might think the college campus is a
pretty equal place. It is not.
第 11 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
详解：推理判断题。题目是“关于当今的大学经历，作者作何表述? ”作者第一次提到“大学经历”是在文
章第三段，指出大学经历不平等是解释男女收人差距的原因之一。作者在第四段对这一原因进行了详细论
述，说明了大学男女学生的不同经历，故答案为A)。
点睛：B) “它和前代相比是不同的”，文章没有提及，可排除;C) “它比大部分女性预期的更加筋疲力
尽”，文章最后提到女性大学毕业后过于筋疲力尽，和选项C)表述不能等同，可排除;D) “很多美国学生
不那么满意大学经历”，文章没有提及，可以排除。
59、D)。定位：由题干中的women students in college定位到文章第四段:Now that women are them
majority of college students and surpass men...and generally head off with less ambitious plans.
详解：推理判断题。文章第四段详细论述了大学男女学生的不同经历。其中,该段第三句中的词组trail off有
“渐渐减弱”的意思，在句中是指女生到了大学后走下坡路，表现不如在高中时期。由于这个词组较难，也
可以通过句中的while判断出下一句为转折关系，从而推测女生在大学的表现变差，故答案为D)。
点睛：A) “她们不知道如何充分发挥自己的能力”，在文中没有提及，可排除;B) “当发觉课程过于严格
时她们会放弃”,文章中提到女生倾向于选择相对不严格的课程，并不是发现课程严格再放弃，可以排除;
C)“她们在选课上不如男生实际”，文章提到女生选择不同种类的课程，倾向于选择相对不严格的课程，没
有涉及到实用性的问题，可以排除。
60、A）。定位：由题干中的fresh from college定位到文章最后一段最后两句:No wonder they’re not negoti-
ating for higher salaries as soon as they get out of school. They are too exhausted, and too scared of failing.
详解：详解事实细节题。题干问作者对于刚离开校园的男女收人差距作何解释。短语fresh from意为“刚
从…毕业”，与最后一段倒数第二句中的as soon as they get out of school表达的意思一样，此句用no wonder
来引导，意思是“女性刚从学校毕业时并没有就更高薪资进行谈判”，和文章最后一句是因果关系，原因是
“她们过于筋疲力尽，而且对失败充满恐惧”，故答案为A)。
点睛：B) “女性没有准备好承担管理岗位的角色”，文中第二段提到刚毕业的女性工作资历浅，很少有机
会去追求管理岗位,而不是没有做好准备，可以排除;C) “女性被夹在职业和家庭之间”，根据文章第二段
的表述可知，因为需要照顾孩子和家庭而离职，这个原因不适用于刚毕业的女性，可以排除;D) “女性不擅
长谈薪酬”，根据文章表述，女性是因为感到筋疲力尽并且害怕失败才不去要求高薪,而不是因为她们不擅
长谈薪酬，可以排除。
Passage Two
答案详解：
61、B)。定位: 由题干中的 the leaders he knows 定位到文章第二段第二句:In fact, I see way fewer truly
effective leaders than I see people stuck in positions of leadership who are sadly incompetent and seriously
misguided about their own abilities.
详解：推理判断题。题干问“作者是如何看待他所认识的领导者的?”定位句较为复杂，不易理解。 定位句
中的way是一个程度副词，意为“相当地”。该句表述的意思为“真正卓有成效的领导者很少，我见到更多
的是处在领导者的位置却很没有能力，且总是被自己的无能给蒙蔽的人”，即作者见到很多无能的人，不能
胜任自己的职位，但是却身居要职。对比四个选项，B) “他们中很少有人与自己的职位相匹配”为这句话
的同义表述，故答案为B)。
点睛: A) “他们中的很多人习惯于掌控”在文章第四段列举反面典型时有提到，但不符合题干中的 the
leaders he knows和定位句的内容，可以排除;C) “他们中的很多人没能完全开发自己的潜力”和 D) “他
们中很少有人熟悉关于领导力的作品”均未在文章中提及，可以排除。
62、A)。定位：由题干中的 grab leadership positions 定位到文章第四段第二句:Whether it’s a decisionmaking
session, a basketball game, or a family outing, they can’t help grabbing the lead dog position and clinging on to it
for dear life. They believe they’ve natural bom leaders.
详解: 事实细节题。题干问“为什么一些人总是热衷于领导职位? ”定位句指出，很多人领导欲很强， 不管
在什么场合都想掌控局势。该段最后一句分析了他们这样做的原因，即 “他们认为自己是天生的领导
者。”A) “他们认为自己天生有领导才能”为本句的同义表述，故答案为A)。
点睛：B) “他们相信关于领导力的作品所说的东西”和D) “他们能从领导工作中获得极大的满足”均
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未在文中提及，可以排除;C) “他们在很多情况下都被证明是能胜任的”，根据文章表述，这一类领导欲强
烈的人往往是没有能力、不能胜任工作的，与选项C)的表述相反，故排除。
63、D)。定位：由题干中的a great leader定位到文章第五段第四句:A great leader will assess each situa tion on
its merits, and will only take charge when their position, the situation, and/or the needs of the moment demand it.
详解：事实细节题。题目问“根据作者观点,一个伟大的领导者具备什么特征? ”文章第五段第四句指出，
伟大的领导者会审时度势，仅仅在他们的职位、处境和/或当时的情况需要时才会担起领导人的职责。这句
话是作者对于成功领导者的描述，和选项D) “能够在掌控前先仔细评估形势”的表述一致，故答案为D)。
点睛：A) “当机会出现时能做出及时的反应”、B) “全身心地奉献给他们的神圣责任”和C) “对自己
的优点和缺点有足够的理解”，这三个选项的表述正确，根据常识判断，应该都是伟大的领导者应具备的品
质，但文章中没有提及，可以排除。
64、B)。定位 ：由题干中的 many business executives 定位到文章第六段:Many business executives confuse
leadership with action...if they think you aren’t working as hard as they think you should, their demands become
increasingly louder and harsher.
详解：事实细节题。题目考查的是“当命令没有落实到行动时，许多企业管理人员是如何反应的？”文章第
六段第一句中提到了 business executives,但是没有给出问题的答案。第三句指出，当遇到没法全凭行动来解
决的问题时，他们就会变得极度不耐烦。这句话基本对应了选项B)中的impatient—词。 第四句指出，音量
是他们的领导工具之一,如果他们认为你没有像他们期望的那样努力工作，他们的命令就会变得越来越大声
越来越刺耳。这一句话对应的是选项B)中的rude—词，故答案为B)。
点睛：题干中的business executives是反面教材,作者通过将他们的不恰当做法与真正的领导者的做法进行
对比，来说明真正的领导者的品质。A)“他们重新评估当下的形势”和C)“他们求助于任何可用的工具”，
都是正面积极的做法，可以排除;D) “他们会指责自己的团队成员”，文章只描写了这类人对下属的态度
是不耐烦和粗鲁的，但是没有提到是否对下属进行“指责”，可以排除。
65、 C)。定位：根据“题文同序”原则和题干中的advice定位到文章最后一段最后一句:A true leader is
someone who develops his or her team so that they ccm and do hit their targets and achieve their goals.
详解：推理判断题。题目问“作者对领导者的建议是什么？”建议往往会在文末提出。本文最后一段指出，
真正的领导者能够发展自己的团队，这样他们就能而且的确会击中目标，达成目标。选项C)是这句话的同义
转述，故答案为C)。
点睛：A) “一次只专注于一个特定的任务”、B)“用不同的工具来实现不同的目标”和D)“面对艰巨的
任务时展现出决心”均未在文章中提及，可以排除。
PartⅣ Translation
中国应进一步发展核能，因为核电目前只占其总发电量的2%。该比例在所有核国家中居第30位，几乎
是最低的。
2011年3月日本核电站事故后，中国的核能开发停了下来，中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核
安全检查。到2012年10月，审批才又谨慎地恢复。
随着技术和安全措施的改进，发生核事故的可能性完全可以降到最低程度鈐换句话说，核能是可以安
全开发和利用的。
China should further develop nuclear energy, because nuclear power currently accounts for only 2% of its
total generating capacity. The proportion ranks the 30th among all countries possessing nuclear energy, which is
第 13 页 共 14 页2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题（一）答案与详解
almost the lowest.
Chinas nuclear power development stopped after the nuclear power station accident in Japan in March, 2011.
The approval of new nuclear power plants was suspended, and the nationwide nuclear energy safety inspection
started. It wasn’t until October, 2012 that examination and approval was restored cautiously.
With the improvement of technology and safety measures, the possibility of nuclear accidents can definitely
be minimized. In other words, the nuclear energy can be exploited and utilized safely.
难点注释：
1、翻译第一段第一句时，注意两个分句之间的逻辑关系为因果关系，应选择表示因果的连同连接
“占……”可选择词组account for。本句还应注意“发电量”的惯用表达方式为generating capacity。
2、翻译第一段第二句时，应理解“几乎是最低的”指的是“该比例在所有核国家中居第30位”，此处可选
择非限制性定语从句。“核国家”不宜直译，可译为countries possessing nuclear energy,使用现在分词作后
置定语。 “居……位”可译为rank +序数词的形式。
3、第二段表述的是过去的情况，应注意时态的选择，宜用一般过去式。第一句是全文最长的一句话，可拆分
为两个句子。仔细研读第二个逗号后的两个短句“中止审批新的核电站，并开展全国性的核安全检查”，会
发现这两句没有明确的主语，但可以确定其主语和前面句子的主语不一致，故翻译时可在此处断开。第一个
短句 “2011年3月日本核电站事故后”为时间状语，主句为“中国的核能开发停了下来”。后两个短句为
并列结构，由“并”连接，由于没有明确提出主语，可以译成被动语态。注意“中止”可译为suspend,“审
批”可译为 approval, “全国性的”可译为nationwide, “安全检查”可译为safety inspection。
4、翻译第二段第二句时，应注意“到……才”可译为固定结构it wasn’t until...that.。
5、第三段第一句中，“随着…”使用with结构表示伴随，作状语。“发生核事故的可能性”这个短语的定语
较长，可选择“名词+of”的形式，译为the possibility of nuclear accidents。. “降到最低程度”直接用动词
minimize 来表达，也可译为 drop to a minimum extent。
6、第三段第二句需注意被动语态的使用。“核能是可以安全开发和利用的”，汉语表达虽没有直接的
“被”字，但很明显表达的是被动的意思，要翻译成被动语态。“换句话说”固定表达为in other words。
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