文档内容
TESTFOR ENGLISHMAJORS(2010)
-GRADE EIGHT-
TIMELIMIT:115MIN
PARTⅠ LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION（25MIN）
SECTIONA MINI-LECTURE
Inthis sectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.Youwillhearthe mini-lecture ONCEONLY.Whilelisteningto
the mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN
THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word(s)you fill in is(are) both grammatically and semantically
acceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.
YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.
Nowlistentothemini-lecture.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTHREEminutestocheckyourwork.
SECTIONB INTERVIEW
In this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of
each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken
ONCE ONLY.After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four
choicesof[A],[B],[C],and[D],andmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthechoices.
Now,listentoPartOneoftheinterview
1.[A]BecausemanyAsianandAfricanpeoplecametotheU.S.
[B]BecausemanypeopleintheU.S.sharedthesamereligion.
[C]BecausewhenpeoplecametotheU.S.,thebecamethesame.
[D]Becausepeoplewithdifferentculturalbackgroundblendedintoonenation.
2.[A]Mergingofdifferentculturalidentities. [B]Moreemphasisonhomogeneity.
[C]Embracingofmoreethnicdifferences. [D]AcceptanceofmorebranchesofChristianity.
3.[A]Someplacesaremorediversethanothers. [B]Townsarelessdiversethanlargecities.
[C]Diversitycanbeseeneverywhere. [D]Americaistrulydiversecountry.
4.[A]ThepopulationofPennsylvaniaremainsthesameinthelasttenyears.
[B]Differentregionsshowdifferentdegreesofdiversity.
[C]TheU.S.isnolongeradiversenation.
[D]Diversityonlyoccursintheregionwithalargepopulationofwhitepeople.
5.[A]Maine. [B]Selinsgrove. [C]Philadelpia. [D]California.
Now,listentoPartTwooftheinterview.
6.[A]57%. [B]98%. [C]97%. [D]34%.
7.[A]Greaterracialdiversityexistsamongyoungerpopulations.
[B]Botholderandyoungerpopulationsareraciallydiverse.
[C]Agediversitycouldleadtopensionproblems.
[D]Olderpopulationsaremoreraciallydiverse.
8.[A]Workerswillbecomewealthy.
[B]Inthefuture,theolderwhitepopulationwillbecomewealthy.
[C]Theretireeswillbenefitalotfromsocialsecurity.
[D]Theyoungerminoritieswillpossessalargeamountofwealth.
9.[A]Itwasmostevidentbetween1990and2000.
[B]ItexistsamongMuslimimmigrants.
[C]ItisrestrictedtocertainplacesintheU.S.
[D]ThecentralpartoftheU.S.stillremainsthesame.10.[A]DifferentpartsoftheU.S.displaydifferentdegreesofdiversity.
[B]ManypartsoftheU.S.becomeincreasinglydiverseintermsofraceandreligion.
[C]ImmigrantsbringdiversitytotheU.S.
[D]ThecentralpartoftheU.S.stillremainsthesame.
PART Ⅱ READING COMPREHENSION（45MIN）
SECTIONA MULTIPLE-CHOICEQUESTIONS
Inthis section there areseveralpassages followed byfourteen multiple choice questions. For eachmultiple
choicequestion,therearefoursuggestedanswersmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Choosethe onethatyouthinkis
thebestanswerandmarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETTWO.
PASSAGEONE
Among the great cities of the world, Kolkata (formerly spelt as Calcutta), the capital of India’s West Bengal,
and the home of nearly 15 million people, is often mentioned as the only one that still has a large fleet of
hand-pulledrickshaws.
Rickshaws are not there to haul around tourists. It’s the people in the lanes who most regularly use
rickshaws—not the poor but people who are just a notch above the poor.They are people who tend to travel short
distances, through lanes that are sometimes inaccessible to even the most daring taxi driver.An older woman with
marketing to do, for instance, can arrive in a rickshaw, have the rickshaw puller wait until she comes back from
various stalls to load her purchases, and then be taken home. People in the lanes use rickshaws as a 24-hour
ambulance service. Proprietors of cafés or corner stores send rickshaws to collect their supplies. The rickshaw
pullers told me their steadiest customers are schoolchildren. Middle-class families contract with a puller to take a
childtoschoolandpickhimup;thepulleressentiallybecomesafamilyretainer.
From June to September Kolkata can get torrential rains. During my stay it once rained for about 48 hours.
Entireneighborhoodscouldn’tbereachedbymotorizedvehicles,andthenewspapersshowedpicturesofrickshaws
being pulled through water that was up to the pullers’ waists. When it’s raining, the normal customer base for
rickshaw pullers expands greatly, as does the price of a journey.Awriter in Kolkata told me, “When it rains, even
thegovernortakesrickshaws.”
WhileIwasinKolkata,amagazinecalledIndiaTodaypublisheditsannualrankingofIndianstates,according
to such measurements as prosperity and infrastructure.Among India’s 20 largest states, Bihar finished dead last, as
it has for four of the past five years. Bihar, a couple hundred miles north of Kolkata, is where the vast majority of
rickshaw pullers come from. Once in Kolkata, they sleep on the street or in their rickshaws or in a dera—a
combination garage andrepairshopanddormitorymanaged bysomeonecalled asardar.For sleepingprivileges in
a dera, pullers pay 100 rupees (about $2.50) a month, which sounds like a pretty good deal until you’ve visited a
dera. They gross between 100 and 150 rupees a day, out of which they have to pay 20 rupees for the use of the
rickshaw and an occasional 75 or more for a payoff if a policeman stops them for, say, crossing a street where
rickshaws are prohibited.A2003 study found that rickshaw pullers are near the bottom of Kolkata occupations in
income,doingbetterthanonlythebeggars.Forsomeonewithoutlandoreducation,thatstillbeatstryingtomake
alivinginBihar.
There are people in Kolkata, particularly educated and politically aware people, who will not ride in a
rickshaw,becausetheyareoffendedbytheideaofbeingpulledbyanotherhumanbeingorbecausetheyconsiderit
not the sort of thing people of their station do or because they regard the hand-pulled rickshaw as a relic of
colonialism. Ironically, some of those people are not enthusiastic about banning rickshaws. The editor of the
editorial pages of Kolkata’s Telegraph—Rudrangshu Mukherjee, a former academic who still writes history
books—told me, for instance, that he sees humanitarian considerations as coming down on the side of keeping
hand-pulledrickshaws ontheroad.“Irefusetobecarriedbyanotherhumanbeingmyself,”hesaid,“butIquestion
whether we have the right to take away their livelihood.” Rickshaw supporters point out that when it comes todemeaningoccupations,rickshawpullersarehardlyuniqueinKolkata.
When I asked one rickshaw puller if he thought the government’s plan to rid the city of rickshaws was based
ona genuine interest in his welfare, he smiled, with a quick shake ofhis head—a gesture I interpreted to mean, “If
you are so naive as to ask such a question, I will answer it, but it is not worth wasting words on.” Some rickshaw
pullers I met were resigned to the imminent end of their livelihood and pin their hopes on being offeredsomething
in its place. As migrant workers, they don’t have the political clout enjoyed by, say, Kolkata’s sidewalk hawkers,
who, after supposedly being scaled back at the beginning of the modernization drive, still clog the sidewalks,
sellingabsolutelyeverything—or,asI foundduringthe48hoursofrain,absolutelyeverythingbutumbrellas. “The
government was the government of the poor people,” one sardar told me. “Now they shake hands with the
capitalistsandtrytogetridofpoorpeople.”
But others in Kolkata believe that rickshaws will simply be confined more strictly to certain neighborhoods,
out of the view of World Bank traffic consultants and California investment delegations—or that they will be
allowedtodieoutnaturallyasthey’resupplantedbymoremodernconveyances.BuddhadebBhattacharjee,afterall,
is not the first high West Bengal official to say that rickshaws would be off the streets of Kolkata in a matter of
months. Similar statements have been made as far back as 1976. The ban decreed by Bhattacharjee has been
delayed by a court case and by a widely held belief that some retraining or social security settlement ought to be
offeredtorickshawdrivers. Itmay alsohavebeendelayedbyaquietreluctancetogive upsomethingthathasbeen
part of the fabric of the city for more than a century. Kolkata, a resident told me, “has difficulty letting go.” One
day a city official handed me a report from the municipal government laying out options for how rickshaw pullers
mightberehabilitated.
“Which option has been chosen?” I asked, noting that the report was dated almost exactly a year before my
visit.
“Thathasn’tbeendecided,”hesaid.
“Whenwillitbedecided?”
“Thathasn’tbeendecided,”hesaid.
11.Accordingtothepassage,rickshawsareusedinKolkatamainlyforthefollowingEXCEPT________.
[A]takingforeigntouristsaroundthecity [B]providingtransporttoschoolchildren
[C]carryingstoresuppliesandpurchases [D]carryingpeopleovershortdistances
12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribestherickshawpullersfromBihar?
[A]Theycomefromarelativelypoorarea.
[B]Theyareprovidedwithdecentaccommodation.
[C]TheirlivingstandardsareverylowinKolkata.
[D]Theyareoftencaughtbypolicemeninthestreets.
13.That“For someonewithoutland oreducation, thatstill beatstrying to makealiving inBihar” (4paragraph)
meansthatevenso,________.
[A]thepoorprefertoworkandliveinBihar [B]thepoorfromBiharfarebetterthanbackhome
[C]thepoornevertrytomakealivinginBihar [D]thepoorneverseemtoresenttheirlifeinKolkata
14.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatsomeeducatedandpoliticallyawarepeople________.
[A]holdmixedfeelingstowardsrickshaws
[B]stronglysupportthebanonrickshaws
[C]callforhumanitarianactionsfrorickshawpullers
[D]keepquietontheissueofbanningrickshaws
15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsconveystheauthor’ssenseofhumor?
[A]“…—notthepoorbutpeoplewhoarejustanotchabovethepoor.”(2ndparagraph)
[B]“…,whichsoundslikeaprettygooddealuntilyou’vevisitedadera.”(4thparagraph)
[C]Kolkata,aresidenttoldme,“hasdifficultylettinggo.”(7thparagraph)
[D]“…or,asIfoundduringthe48hoursofrain,absolutelyeverythingbutumbrellas.”(6thparagraph)PASSAGETWO
Dependingon whom you believe, the averageAmerican will, over a lifetime, waitin lines for two years (says
NationalPublicRadio)orfiveyears(accordingtocustomer-loyaltyexperts).
Thecrucialwordisaverage,aswealthyAmericansroutinelyavoidlinesaltogether.Oncethemostdemocratic
of institutions, lines are rapidly becoming the exclusive province of suckers(people who still believe in and
practicewaitinginlines).Poorsuckers,mostly.
Airports resemble France before the Revolution: first-class passengers enjoy “élite” security lines and priority
boarding, and disembark before the unwashed in coach, held at bay by a flight attendant, are allowed to foul the
Jet-way.
Atamusement parks, too, you cannow buyyour way outof line.This summer I haplessly watchedkids use a
$52 Gold Flash Pass to jump the lines at Six Flags New England, and similar systems are in use in most major
American theme parks, from Universal Orlando to Walt Disney World, where the haves get to watch the
have-moresbreezepastontheirwaytotheirseats.
Flash Pass teaches children a valuable lesson in real-world economics: that the rich are more important than
you, especially when it comes to waiting. An NBA player once said to me, with a bemused chuckle of disbelief,
thatwhenplayinginCanada—getthis— “wehavetowaitinthesamecustomslineaseverybodyelse.”
Almost every line can be breached for a price. In several U.S. cities this summer, early arrivers among the
early adopters waiting to buy iPhones offered to sell their spots in the lines. On Craigslist, prospective iPhone
purchasersofferedtopay“waiters”or“placeholders”towaitinlineforthemoutsideApplestores.
Inevitably, some semi-populist politicians have seen the value of sort-of waiting in lines with the ordinary
people. This summer Philadelphia mayor John Street waited outside anAT&T store from 3:30 a.m. to 11:30 a.m.
before a stand-in from his office literally stood in for the mayor while he conducted official business. And
billionaire New York mayor Michael Bloomberg often waits for the subway with his fellow citizens, though he’s
first driven bymotorcade pastthe stop nearesthis house to a station 22 blocks away,where the wait, or at leastthe
ride,isshorter.
Asearlyaselementaryschool,we’retold thatjumpingtheline isanunethicalact,whichis whysomanyU.S.
lawmakers have framed the immigration debate as a kind of fundamental sin of the school lunch line. Alabama
Senator Richard Shelby, to cite just one legislator, said amnesty would allow illegal immigrants “to cut in line
aheadofmillionsofpeople.”
Nothingannoysanationallawmakermorethanapersonwhowillnotwaitinline,unlessthatlineisinfrontof
an elevator at the U.S. Capitol, where Senators and Representatives use private elevators, lest they have to queue
withtheirconstituents.
But compromising the integrity of the line is not just antidemocratic, it’s out-of-date. There was something
abouttheorderlyboardingofNoah’sArk,twobytwo,thatseemedtorestorenotjustcivilizationbutcivilityduring
theGreatFlood.
How civil was your last flight? SouthwestAirlines has first-come, first-served festival seating. But for $5 per
flight, an unaffiliated company called BoardFirst. com will secure you a coveted “A” boarding pass when that
airlineopensforonlinecheck-in24hoursbeforedeparture.Thus, thesavvy travelerdoesn’tevenwaitinlinewhen
heorsheisonline.
Someculturesarenotrenownedforliningup.Thenagain,someculturesaretooadeptatliningup:acitizenof
the former Soviet Union would join a queue just so he could get to the head of that queue and see what everyone
wasqueuingfor.
And then there is the U.S., where society seems to be cleaving into two groups: Very Important Persons, who
don’twait,andVeryImpatientPersons,whodo--unhappily.
For those of us in the latter group—consigned to coach, bereft of Flash Pass, too poor or proper to pay a
placeholder—what do we do? We do what Vladimir and Estragon did in Waiting for Godot: “We wait. We are
bored.”16. What does the following sentence mean? “Once the most democratic of institutions, lines are rapidly
becomingtheexclusiveprovinceofsuckers…Poorsuckers,mostly.”(2paragraph)
[A]LinesaresymbolicofAmerica’sdemocracy.[B]LinesstillgiveAmericansequalopportunities.
[C]LinesarenowforordinaryAmericansonly. [D]Linesareforpeoplewithdemocraticspiritonly.
17.WhichofthefollowingisNOTcitedasanexampleofbreachingtheline?
[A]GoingthroughthecustomsataCanadianairport.
[B]UsingGoldFlashPassesinamusementparks.
[C]First-classpassengerstatusatairports.
[D]Purchaseofaplaceinalinefromaplaceholder.
18.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatpoliticians(includingmayorsandCongressmen)_________.
[A]prefertostandinlineswithordinarypeople [B]advocatethevalueofwaitinginlines
[C]believeinandpracticewaitinginlines [D]exploitwaitinginlinesfortheirowngood
PASSAGETHREE
A bus took him to the West End, where, among the crazy coloured fountains of illumination, shattering the
blue dusk with green and crimson fire, he found the café of his choice, a tea-shop that had gone mad and turned.
Babylonian, a while palace with ten thousand lights. It towered above the other building like a citadel, which
indeed it was, the outpost of a new age, perhaps a new civilization, perhaps a new barbarism; and behind the thin
marble front were concrete and steel, just as behind the careless profusion of luxury were millions of pence,
balanced to the last halfpenny. Somewhere in the background, hidden away, behind the ten thousand lights and
acresof white naperyandbewilderingglittering rows ofteapots, behindthe thousandwaitresses andcash-box girls
and black-coated floor managers and temperamental long-haired violinists, behind the mounds of cauldrons of
stewed steak, the vanloads of ices, were a few men who went to work juggling with fractions of a farming, who
knew how many units of electricity it took to finish a steak-and-kidney pudding and how many minutes and
seconds a waitress( five feet four in height and in average health) would need to carry a tray of given weight from
thekitchenlifetothetableinthefarcorner.Inshort,therewasawarm,sensuous,vulgarlifefloweringintheupper
storeys, and a cold science working in the basement. Such as the gigantic tea-shop into which Turgis marched, in
search not of mere refreshment but of all the enchantment of unfamiliar luxury. Perhaps he knew in his heart that
men have conquered half the known world, looted whole kingdoms, and never arrived in such luxury. The place
wasbuiltforhim.
Itwas builtfor agreatmanyotherpeopletoo,and,asusual,theywereallthere.It seemedwith humanity.The
marble entrance hall, piled dizzily with bonbons and cakes, was as crowded and bustling as a railway station. The
gloomandgrimeofthestreets,therawair,allNovember,wereatonceleftbehind,forgotten:theatmosphereinside
was golden, tropical, belonging to some high mid-summer of confectionery.Disdaining the lifts,Turgis, oncemore
excitedbythesight,sound,andsmellofitall,climbedthewidestaircaseuntilhereachedhisfavouritefloor,where
an orchestra, led by a young Jewish violinist with wandering lustrous eyes and a passion for tremolo effects, acted
as a magnet to a thousand girls. The door was swung open for him by a page; there burst, scented air, the
sensuous clamour of the strings, and, as he stood hesitating a moment, half dazed, there came, bowing, s sleek
grave man, older than he was and far more distinguished than he could ever hope to be, who murmured
deferentially:“Forone,sir?Thisway,please,”Shyly,yetproudly,Turgisfollowedhim.
19.Thefollowingwordsorphrasesaresomewhatcriticalofthetea-shopEXCEPT________.
[A]“…turnedBabylonian” [B]“perhapsanewbarbarism’
[C]“acresofwhitenapery” [D]“balancedtothelasthalfpenny”
20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthesecondparagraphisNOTtrue?
[A]Thecaféappealedtomostsensessimultaneously.
[B]Thecaféwasbothfullofpeopleandfullofwarmth.[C]Theinsideofthecaféwascontrastedwiththeweatheroutside.
[D]Itstressedthecommercialdeterminationofthecaféowners.
21.ThefollowingarecomparisonsmadebytheauthorinthesecondparagraphEXCEPTthat_______.
[A]theentrancehalliscomparedtoarailwaystation
[B]theorchestraiscomparedtoamagnet
[C]Turgiswelcomedtheliftlikeaconqueringsoldier
[D]theinteriorofthecaféiscomparedtowarmcountries
PASSAGEFOUR
Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as western Europe’s last
pristine wilderness. But the environmental awareness that is sweeping the world had bypassed the majority of
Icelanders. Certainly they were connected to their land, the way one is complicatedly connected to, or encumbered
by, family one can’t do anything about. But the truth is, once you’re off the beat-en paths of the low-lying coastal
areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they’re all bad, so Iceland’s natural wonders have been out of
reachandunknowneventoitsowninhabitants.Forthemthelandhasalwaysjustbeenthere,somethingthathadto
be dealt with and, if possible, exploited—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well,
pricelessartonthescaleofthe“MonaLisa.”
When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year contract with the
American aluminum companyAlcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter（冶炼厂）, those who had
been dreaming of something like this for decades jumped at it and never looked back. Iceland may at the moment
be one of the world’s richest countries, with a 99 percent literacy rate and long life expectancy. But the project’s
advocates, some of them getting on in years, were more emotionally attuned to the country’s century upon century
of want, hardship, and colonial servitude to Denmark, which officially had ended only in 1944 and whose
psychologicalimprintremainedrelatively fresh.For thelongesttime, lifeherehadmeantlittle morethanasodhut,
dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, earthquakes, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting
and destroying all vegetation and livestock, all spirit—a world revolving almost entirely around the welfare of
one’ssheepand,later,onhowgoodthecodcatchwas.Intheoutlyingregions,itstilllargelydoes.
Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions—the remote and sparsely
populated east—where the way of life had steadily declined to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing
quotaswereimposed inthe early1980s to protectfish stocks, manyindividualboatownerssold their allotments or
gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies, and small fishermen were
virtually wiped out. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and
the people were seeing everything they had worked for all their lives turn up worthless and their children move
away.Withtheoldwayoflife doomed,aluminumprojectslikethisonehadcometobeperceived,wiselyornot,as
alastchance.“Smelterordeath.”
The contract with Alcoa would infuse the region with foreign capital, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off
serviceindustries. It also was away for Iceland to develop expertise thatpotentially couldbe sold to therestof the
world;diversify aneconomy historically dependenton fish;and,inan appealingdisplayof Icelandiccan-do verve,
perhapsevenprotectallofIceland,onceandforall,fromtheunpredictabilityoflifeitself.
“We have to live,” HalldorAsgrimsson. Halldor, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament
fromtheregion,wasadrivingforcebehindtheproject.“Wehavearighttolive.”
22.Accordingtothepassage,mostIcelandersviewlandassomethingof________.
[A]environmentalvalue [B]commercialvalue
[C]potentialvaluefortourism [D]greatvalueforlivelihood
23.WhatisIceland’sold-agedadvocates’feelingtowardstheAlcoaproject?
[A]Icelandiswealthyenoughtorejecttheproject.[B]Theprojectwouldlowerlifeexpectancy.
[C]Theprojectwouldcauseenvironmentalproblems.
[D]Theprojectsymbolizesandendtothecoloniallegacies.
24.ThedisappearanceoftheoldwayoflifewasduetoallthefollowingEXCEPT________.
[A]fewerfishingcompanies [B]fewerjobsavailable
[C]migrationofyoungpeople [D]impositionoffishingquotas
SECTIONB SHORT-ANSWERQUESTIONS
In this section there are eight short-answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each
questioninNOmorethan10wordsinthespaceprovidedonANSWERSHEETTWO.
PASSAGEONE
25.Whatdoesthedialoguebetweentheauthorandthecityofficialattheendofthepassageseemtosuggest?
PASSAGETWO
26.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?
PASSAGETHREE
27.Whatdoes“behindthethinmarblefrontwereconcreteandsteel”suggest?
28.Whatdoes“Theplacewasbuiltforhim”inParagraphOnemean?
29.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardthecafé?
PASSAGEFOUR
30.Whydidn’tthemajorityofIcelandershaveenvironmentalawareness?
31.Whatdoes“Smelterordeath”inthethirdparagraphmean?
32.What’sthefunctionofthe4thparagraphinthepassage?
PART Ⅲ LANGUAGE USAGE（15MIN）
The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case,
onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway:
Forawrongword， underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblank
providedattheendoftheline．
Foramissingword, markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“∧”signandwritethe
wordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendof
theline．
Foranunnecessaryword， crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslash“／”andputthewordinthe
blankprovidedattheendoftheline．
EXAMPLE
When∧artmuseumwantsanewexhibit， (1)_____an_____
itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs (2)___n_e_v_e_r___
themonthewall．Whenanaturalhistorymuseum
wantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit． (3)___e_x_h_ib_i_t__
ProofreadthegivenpassageonANSWERSHEETTHREEasinstructed.
PART Ⅳ TRANSLATION（25MIN）
Translate the underlined part of the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER
SHEETTHREE.
朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气
对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝。朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便过头、不恭不敬。不然，默
契和平衡将被打破，友好关系将不复存在。每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容
易侵入这皮禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。待友不敬，或许只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。维持朋友关系的最好办法是往来有节，互不干涉。
PART Ⅴ WRITING（45MIN）
In order to win more chances to get a satisfying job as well as better adapt to society, some young people
begin to consciously develop the “gray skills”, that is, the skills of drinking, smoking, singing, dancing and so on.
According to a survey conducted by China Youth Daily, an alarming amount of participants admitted that they
deliberately cultivated the “gray skills”. Facing this phenomenon, young students and college career advisors hold
quite different views. The following are opinions from both sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your
responseinabout300words,inwhichyoushould”
1.summarizebrieflytheopinionsfrombothsides;
2.giveyourcomment.
Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality.
Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmayresultinalossofmarks.
Collegecareeradvisors
Nowadays the socialclimate has played a bad guide in the factthatgray skills begin to prevailamong college
students. In other words, society is to blame. Gray skills have been depicted and emphasized in TV plays, movies,
and even commercials. Therefore the students may be misled to believe that only gray skills can really help them
get promising jobs. Sometimes during the counselling, students may express their worries over their future
involvement in the society. They hold the opinion that high GPA and professional skills can only make you a
“qualified” employee, but if you can drink a lot or if you can play card games with your boss, you will have more
chances to get promoted. This is indeed a quite sad phenomenon. This blind belief in the “magic” power of gray
skills may exert ill influence on the graduates’ work ethic, on their moral value, as well as on their future career
advancement. Once the students step into the society and work for a few years, they will realize that the “success”
gray skills bring is only a flash in the pan. Only the real success can be achieved through hard work and devotion.
Also, students who hope to stand on their own by taking advantage of gray skills are mostly confused about
themselves as well as their p;aces in society.They are not firm enough in their future goals, so they count on these
skills to help them. In the long run, even though they can find a job, without solid professional knowledge, they
willstillbelappedbehind,
Students
The highly competitive job market has forced increasing college students to arm themselves with more and
more skill, including the gray skills.Although the society and teachers have condemned the prevailing gray skills,
manycollegestudentsstillapproveofthem.
Wu Zixin (senior student inYanzhou University): I am not interested on drinking or singing, but we are now
facing increasingly intense competition in job hunting. If you fail one interview, there may not be another chance.
During the job interviews, some employers openly ask interviewees questions like “How is your tolerance for
alcohol?” “Can you play mahjong or card games?” and “How well can you sing Karaoke?” Confronting this
phenomenon,wecandonothingbuttochangeourselvessothatwecanfitinthesociety.
QianXue(juniorstudentinAnhuiUniversity):Inmyopinion,learninggrayskillsisnotsomethinghumiliating.
Althoughwearenowstillstudents,afterafewyearswewillleavethe“ivorytower”andbecome“socialman”.Itis
necessary and important for us to know what kind of person is needed by the society, and what kinds of skills are
needed by employers. In today’s China, business is often done at dinner tables, negotiation is often talked over
drinks, and interpersonal relationship is often consolidated by cigarettes and fine wines. There is nothing wrong
aboutdrinking, and other gray skills. They are common skills just like computer skills. Therefore, students have to
practicetheseskillsbeforegraduationsothattheycanhavetheadvantageduringthejobhunting.
WriteyourresponseonANSWERSHEETFOUR.ANSWERSHEET1(TEM8)
PARTⅠ LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION
SECTIONA MINI-LECTURE
下列各题必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答，超出红色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。
ParalinguisticFeaturesofLanguage
Inface-to-facecommunicationspeakersoftenaltertheirtonesofvoiceor
changetheirphysicalposturesinordertoconveymessages.Thesemeansare
calledparalinguisticfeaturesoflanguage，whichfallintotwocategories.
I.Firstcategory：vocalparalinguisticfeatures
A.（1） ：toexpressattitudeorintention (1)__________
B.examples
1.whispering： （2） (2)__________
2.breathiness：deepemotion
3.（3） ：unimportance (3)__________
4.nasality：anxiety
5.extralip-rounding：greater （4） (4)__________
II.Secondcategory：physicalparalinguisticfeatures
A.facialexpressions
l. （5） (5)__________
一smiling：signalofpleasureorwelcome
2.lesscommonexpressions
一eyebrowraising： （6） (6)__________
一lipbiting: （7） (7)__________
B.gesture
Gesturesarerelatedtoculture.
1.Britishculture
一shruggingshoulders： （8） (8)__________
一scratchinghead：puzzlement
2.othercultures
一placinghanduponheart: （9） (9)__________
一pointingatnose: （10） (10)__________
C.proximity，postureandechoing
1.proximity：physicaldistancebetweenspeakers
一closeness：intimacyorthreat
一 （11） ：formalityorabsenceofinterest (11)__________
Proximityisperson-，culture-and （12） -specific. (12)__________
2.posture
一hunchedshouldersorahanginghead:toindicate （13） (13)__________
一directleveleyecontact：toexpressanopenorchallengingattitude
3.echoing
一definition：imitationofsimilarposture
一 （14） ：aidincommunication (14)__________
一consciousimitation： （15） (15)__________ANSWERAHEET2(TEM8)
PARTⅠ LISTENINGCOMPREHENSION
SECTIONB 1.[A][B][C][D] 6.[A][B][C][D]
2.[A][B][C][D] 7.[A][B][C][D]
3.[A][B][C][D] 8.[A][B][C][D]
4.[A][B][C][D] 9.[A][B][C][D]
5.[A][B][C][D] 10.[A][B][C][D]
PARTⅡ PEADING COMPREHENSION
SECTIONA 11.[A][B][C][D] 16.[A][B][C][D] 21.[A][B][C][D]
12.[A][B][C][D] 17.[A][B][C][D] 22.[A][B][C][D]
13.[A][B][C][D] 18.[A][B][C][D] 23.[A][B][C][D]
14.[A][B][C][D] 19.[A][B][C][D] 24.[A][B][C][D]
15.[A][B][C][D] 20.[A][B][C][D]
SECTIONBSHORT-ANSWERQUESTIONS
下列各题必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答，超出红色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。
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32..........................................................................................................................................................................ANSWERSHEET3(TEM8)
PARTⅢ LANGUAGE USAGE
下列各题必须使用黑色字迹签字笔在答题区域内作答，超出红色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效。
Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteand
perfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:thatis,everylanguageappearstobe (1)__________
wellequippedasanyothertosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay. (2)__________
Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesor (3)__________
cultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleare
equallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofrice.
Whereasthisisnotthefaultoftheirlanguage.TheEskimos,itissaid,can (4)__________
speakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecanin (5)__________
English,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage(oneofthose
sometimesmis-called“primitive”)isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethan
English.ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,ashowof (6)__________
Unexpected“primitiveness”.Thepositionissimplyandobviouslythatthe
EskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilarenvironments.TheEnglishlanguage (7)__________
willbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnowiftheenvironmentsin (8)__________
whichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionsasimportant. (9)__________
Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecould
beaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketif
thesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos’life. (10)__________
