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选择性必修三 Unit 2
选拔卷
（考试时间：75分钟 试卷满分：100分）
第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The first time I questioned the traditional wisdom on the nature of a healthy diet, it was 40 years
ago, and the subject was salt. Researchers found that salt supplementation(补充) was unnecessary after
exercise, and this advice was passed on by health reporters. I recalled high school football practices in hot
days. Without salt pills, I couldn’t make it through a two-hour practice.
Although sports nutritionists have recommended consuming more salt when we sweat hard in physical
activity, the message that we should avoid salt at all other times remains strong. And salt is still considered
deadly.
So why have we been told that salt is so deadly? The advice has always sounded reasonable: Eat more
salt, and your body keeps water to maintain a stable concentration of sodium (钠) in your blood. This is
why salty food might make us thirsty: We drink more; we keep water. The result can be a temporary
increase in blood pressure. The scientific question is whether this temporary phenomenon leads to
permanent problems: If we eat too much salt for years, does it cause high blood pressure, and then kill us?
It makes sense, but it’s only a hypothesis(假设), which hasn’t been proved but unfortunately accepted as a
fact.
In reality, eating less salt can worsen health. Decades ago, Italian researchers’ study reported that
reducing salt consumption increased the risk of dying early and that reducing sodium to a government-
recommended “safe upper limit” is actually harmful.
Supporters of the eat-less-salt campaign(运动) tend to deal with this opposing evidence (证据) by
implying that anyone raising it is a shill(同谋) for the food industry (widely criticized for adding salt to
processed foods to improver taste). When several government agencies held a hearing last November to
discuss how to ensure Americans eat less salt, anti-salt supporters argued that the latest reports suggesting
damage from lower-salt diets should simply be ignored. This attitude, which lacks respect for science, has
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂been held for the anti-salt campaign for decades. Maybe now is the time for it to change.
1. The underlined phrase in paragraph 1 refers to the belief that_________.
A. people should take in salt after exercise
B. salt intake was needless after physical activity
C. salt pills were helpful during football practices
D. a healthy diet does not necessarily include enough salt
2. What does the Italian researchers’ study show?
A. Eating less salt can harm our health.
B. Eating too much salt raises blood pressure.
C. We should try to avoid salt on a daily basis.
D. We should follow the recommended “safe upper limit”.
3. What do the eat-less-salt campaigners do with the opposing evidence?
A. They treat it with some respect.
B. They report it to the government agencies.
C. They do scientific experiments to support it.
D. They suggest that the food industry is behind it.
B
Physical education, or PE, isn't required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn't offered
for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is
certainly "yes".
Today many people don't do sports. But as is known to all. doing sports is very important for an adult.
Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put
exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn't that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student's
studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at
school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity（肥胖）.
Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get
stronger. The increase in activities that don't get teens to move around, such as computer games, means
many teens don't get their required exercise. PE classes act as a public health measure（措施）to
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂encourage physical activities and help teens have healthy weights.
Not doing sports increases teens' hazard of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a
good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes
toward treating medical conditions that can be prevented by lifestyle changes, according to the American
College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition（PCFSN）, students who
performed five hours of physical activities each week improved their academic（学业的）performance.
Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not
perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
4. According to Paragraph 2， what does physical education in high school mean?
A. Making teens attach importance to ęxereise later
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school
C. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise
D. Helping teens learn to make good plans
5. What does the underlined word "hazard" in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Happiness. B. Risk. C. Safety. D. Sadness
6. According to the PCFSN, doing sport
A. means making students choose between sports and studies
B. helps students make good use of all their time
C. means students adjust to their studies better
D. helps students do better in their studies
7. What is the text mainly about?
A. Why high school students should receive physical education.
B. Why some schools consider physical education important.
C. How schools can help students love doing sports.
D. How high school students can live a better life.
C
Sonja Yokum and Eric Stice, psychologists at Oregon Research Institute in Eugene, recently did a
study on eating and enjoyment. They recruited (招募) 135 high school students and calculated each
person’s body mass index, or BMI. All participants had healthy BMIs when the study began.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂The researchers showed pictures of different types of food to the teens as their brains were scanned.
Meanwhile, as the teens viewed pictures of a glass of water, they’d get a taste of water. When the milkshake
appeared, they got a taste of milkshake. All the while, the scanner kept mapping how their brains
responded.
Yokum and Stice repeated the tests with the same teens one, two and three years after the first scan.
They then focused on two groups of these students. One group had put on weight. Their BMIs increased by
at least ten percent from year one to year three. The other had BMIs that changed by two percent or less
over that time. The researchers then looked for differences in the brain scans between the two groups.
Changes emerged in two areas of the brain. One region processes taste. The other is known as the reward
center.
At first, the taste center responded strongly in teens who went on to gain weight. That was especially
true when they tasted the high-fat milkshakes. But three years later, scans showed the taste center of the
brain responded less in these teens. Brains of teens with steady BMIs started off less responsive to fat. But
over time they got better at detecting it.
Changes emerged in the teens’ reward centers, too. Those whose BMIs later rose started off the study
with a strong reward response to tasting high-fat milkshakes. In contrast, teens who maintained a steady
BMI throughout initially enjoyed the fattier drinks less. By year three of the study, higher-BMI teens
enjoyed the fattier milkshakes much less, while those with steady BMIs enjoyed them far more.
The study suggests that the loss of enjoyment might drive people to overeat particularly tasty, high-
energy foods to get the same rewarding “kick”, which may contribute to unhealthy eating habits and
unhealthy weight gain.
8. What were the participants asked to do during the study?
A. Look at food pictures and taste the food.
B. Select among different types of food.
C. Receive three times of brain scans.
D. Report their BMIs every month.
9. Based on what were the two groups divided?
A. The activity of their brains. B. The level of weight gain.
C. The state of their health. D. Their eating habits.
10. What did the study find out about teens with steady BMIs?
A. Their taste centers responded less to fat over time.
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂B. Their taste centers responded strongly to fat at first.
C. Their reward centers had a strong response to fat at first.
D. Their reward centers got more responsive to fat over time.
11. What conclusion can be made from the study?
A. The brain’s reward system may be related to unhealthy eating.
B. Highly rewarding food is irresistible to most people.
C. Lack of satisfaction can result in low BMIs.
D. High BMIs always indicate overweight.
D
If you have trouble falling asleep, listen up. You might fall asleep 15 minutes earlier and wake up far
less during the night if you put on a pair of socks at bedtime.
To understand why, you first need to grasp the relationship between core body temperature and sleep.
During daylight hours, the human body has an average temperature of 37℃. But your core body
temperature drops as much as 1.2℃ over one night's sleep. This gradual decrease is a key part of how we
sleep. Put simply, the faster you can lower your core body temperature, the faster you will fall asleep.
One way that your body controls its temperature is through blood vessels (血管) in the skin. If your
body is too hot, your blood vessels widen, pushing the warmer blood nearer the skin's surface, helping it to
cool. If your body is too cold, the opposite happens. Your blood vessels narrow, restricting the flow of
blood to the surface.
The palms of your feet are one of your body's most efficient heat exchangers, since they are hairless
and less protected than other skin surfaces. Researchers have shown that warming the feet before going to
sleep using a warm foot bath or by wearing socks promotes blood vessel widening, which in turn lowers the
body's core temperature faster than going to sleep with cold, bare feet.
Scientists suspect that socked feet have a sleep-benefiting effect on the brain as well. The warm-
sensitive neurons (神经元) in the brain become more active when there's a temperature difference between
the body's core and the feet. Researchers have found that these neurons become more active as we get
sleepy and slow down as we wake up, so that warming up the feet before bedtime may give them an extra
drive, making you feel sleepier.
In a small study, researchers found that wearing a pair of special “sleeping socks” not only sped up the
coming of sleep, but increased overall sleep time by an average of 30 minutes and cut nighttime waking
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂episodes in half. If you're worried about becoming too warm, look for socks made of natural fibers.
12. In which section of a newspaper can we find this text?
A. Lifestyle. B. Trend. C. Opinion. D. Advertisement.
13. What change does warm feet bring to the body?
A. Slowed brain reaction. B. Narrowed blood vessels.
C. Decreased blood pressure. D. Reduced core body temperature.
14. How might the brain's warm-sensitive neurons help sleep?
A. To help to warm up the feet. B. To speed up temperature growth.
C. To bring on sleepiness when activated. D. To slow down the brain's blood flow.
15. What is the finding of the small study mentioned in the last paragraph?
A. The warmth of socks depends on their material.
B. People wearing socks fall asleep 50 percent faster.
C. Special socks increase temperature more effectively.
D. Sock wearing helps people sleep longer and wake less.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为
多余选项。
There are expressions that remind us to be healthy and have a healthy lifestyle.
Benjamin Franklin has some very famous healthy lifestyle sayings. Here is one about planning your
day: "The early bird gets the worm." ____1 6 ____ . This means the person who arrives first has the best
chance of success. It can also mean the person who gets up early before anyone else will be more prepared
for success. That is why he also said, "Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and
wise." ____1 7 ____ . It means that going to bed and waking up early may lead to success and better health.
Personally, I like to go to sleep early and wake up early. ____1 8 ____ ? Waking up really early would
not be a good idea. We all need good sleep to, be healthy.
We also need to eat well. ____ 19 ____ .
Here is one: "An apple a day keeps the doctor away." But sometimes we use this expression as a
simple reminder to eat healthy—and not just apples.
____2 0 ____ . "A clean bill of health" is another common health—related expression. But it can also be
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂used for things going through a difficult time but improving. For, example, let's say a country's economy is
doing well after a period of not doing well. Economists could give that country's economy a clean bill of
health.
A. Enough sleep can make you better in your life
B. The meaning of this expression is pretty clear
C. Of course, we're not talking about an actual worm
D. We have some expressions that remind us to eat healthy
E. Why not take more time to sleep if you have enough time
F. But what if you're a night owl（鹰）and do your best work at night
G. Enough sleep and healthy food can make you get a clean bill of health
第二部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。
Growing up in California, I was always outside. Any weekend, you'd find me swimming, water skiing,
or riding bikes-you____18____ it. I did it.
Skiing was one sport I never learned, ____19____I loved the idea of it. So when I recently got
____20____ on a ski trip in Deer Valley, I____21____ the chance, figured it wouldn't be
that____22____to learn. After all, I'm fairly ____23____. And I used to water ski— that has to count for
something, right?
Turns out, not so much. I told our instructor I was “beginner level,” and I was ____24____with some
women who'd skied only a____25____ of times before. Then, we started “skating” toward a chairlift.
Immediately, I was left in the____26____. Obviously, skiing “a handful of times”before doesn't
_____27_____ “never”.
When we reached the top, I started down an easy green _____28_____ with others in our group. OK,
this isn't so_____29_____! I'm doing ill I thought at the start of the run. Then we hit a steeper section. I
only had one _____30_____ running through my mind: I'm going to die. However, my pride didn't let me
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂_____31_____, so I took off-I mean, really took off. I started leaning out of control, picking up speed, and
ended with a nose dive into the _____32_____. In fact, my fellow skiers were initially _____33_____
thinking that I had a natural_____34_____for skiing. Then they realized the speed wasn't _____35_____.
Even though I was still a little shook up by my crash, somehow, I gathered the _____36_____ both
physically and mentally-to do more runs, and I'm so_____37_____I did. To be fair, I never reached Lindsey
Vonn level, but I did gain a little more confidence and speed after each run.
18. A. name B. send C. grasp D. buy
19. A. so B. although C. unless D. or
20. A. plan B. contract C. invitation D. explanation
21. A. gave up B. looked for C. jumped at D. lived on
22. A. easy B. sudden C. obvious D. hard
23. A. fit B. eager C. gentle D. reliable
24. A. charged B. shared C. equipped D. grouped
25. A. set B. handful C. series D. majority
26. A. dust B. street C. air D. mess
27. A. free B. assist C. equal D. prevent
28. A. hole B. run C. chair D. block
29. A. late B. bad C. reasonable D. accessible
30. A. secret B. motivation C. thought D. comment
31. A. stand B. rise C. disappear D. stop
32. A. snow B. river C. sea D. forest
33. A. impressed B. frightened C. disappointed D. tired
34. A. fear B. answer C. talent D. preference
35. A. similar B. intentional C. different D. accurate
36. A. results B. data C. materials D. strength
37. A. honest B. cautious C. patient D. happy
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wearing wristbands with the names of LeBron James and Kobe Bryant ____38____ (write) on them,
17-year-old Tibetan girl Cigla plays her favorite sport — basketball — at Nagqu No 2 Senior High School
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂in Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region. For her, ____39____ (study) in Lhasa, the region’s most developed
city, has made it much ____40____ (easy) for her to realize her basketball dream.
With ____41____ average altitude of over 4,500 meters, Nagqu is among the most uninhabitable
places in Tibet. ____42____ have long compromised the health of Nagqu students are low-oxygen
environment and extreme weather. “The students had barely played any sports due to ____43____ (limit)
sports facilities and frequent bad weather in Nagqu.” said Bachug, the school's physical education teacher.
However, in a bid to ensure equal access ____44____ quality education, in recent years, the Tibet
regional government ____45____ (establish) several schools in Lhasa to recruit Nagqu students. Like
Cigla, many Nagqu students are from poor farming and herding families. The school ____46____
(campus) in Lhasa have seven concrete basketball courts, a standard soccer field and a sports stadium,
which gives students opportunities ____47____ (train) their bodies and find the sport that appeals to
them.
第三部分 写作（满分20分）
46. 假定你是李华，乒乓球是你校传统运动项目。你的英国朋友Terry来信想了解相关情况，请你
写一封回信，内容包括：
1.开展历史；
2.课程和活动；
3.受欢迎程度。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Terry,
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
________________
Yours,
Li Hua
更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂更多资料添加微信号：hiknow_007 淘宝搜索店铺：乐知课堂
