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2016 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)
选择题部分(共80分)
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 单项填空(共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分)
从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—Are you sure you’re ready for the test?
— .I’m well prepared for it.
A．I’m afraid not B．No problem
C．Hard to say D．Not really
2． prize for the winner of the competition is twoweek holiday in Paris.
A．The；/ B．A；/
C．A；the D．The；a
3．In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from in the
UK. A．that B．this
C．one D．it
4．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your
.
A．condition B．income
C．credit D．status
5． online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive. A．
Since B．After
C．While D．Unless
6．That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help. ，
he’s reliable.
A．Or else B．In short
C．By the way D．For one thing
7．The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by
which we see the world around us.
A．on B．inC．at D．about
8．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than us.
A．divide B．reject
C．control D．abandon
9．Silk one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
A．had become B．was becoming
C．has become D．is becoming
10．To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study in
Australia in 2012.
A．having conducted B．to be conducted
C．conducting D．conducted
11．Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of
has been proved.
A．whom B．which
C．what D．that
12．When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt from the
world.
A．carried away B．broken down
C．cut off D．brought up
13．A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience， if you are travelling at high
speed.
A．eventually B．strangely
C．merely D．especially
14．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one
that my interest.
A．limited B．reserved
C．reflected D．spoiled
15．Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDSrelated deaths since
their highest in 2005.
A．had not fallen B．would not fallC．did not fall D．would not have fallen
16．In this article，you need to back up general statements with examples.
A．specific B．permanent
C．abstract D．universal
17．George too far.His coffee is still warm.
A．must have gone B．might have gone
C．can’t have gone D．needn’t have gone
18．I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend in the
coming years.
A．little more B．no more
C．much more D．many more
19．I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do with students.
A．working B．work
C．to work D．worked
20．—The movie starts at 8：30，and we can have a quick bite before we go.
— .See you at 8：10.
A．So long B．Sounds great
C．Good luck D．Have a good time
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21～40各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出
最佳选项。
During the war，my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went
to live there in order to be 21 him.I hated the place.I had never 22 been so unhappy.My
husband was ordered out on a longterm duty，and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.The heat
was 23 —almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)． 24 a soul to talk to.The
wind blew nonstop，and all the food I ate，and the very air I breathed，were 25 with sand，
sand，sand!
I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents.I told them I was 26 and coming
back home.I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.I 27 be in prison! My father answered
my 28 with just two lines—two lines that will always sing in my 29 —two lines thatcompletely changed my life：
Two men looked out from prison bars，
One saw the mud，the other saw the stars.
I read those two lines 30 .I was ashamed of myself.I made up my mind I would find out
what was good in my present 31 ；I would look for the stars.
I made friends with the natives，and their 32 amazed me.They gave me presents of their
favorite artworks which they had 33 to sell to tourists.I studied the delightful forms of the
cactus.I watched for the desert sunsets，and 34 for seashells that had been left there millions of
years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean 35 .
What brought about this 36 change in me? The desert hadn’t changed， 37 I had.I
had changed my 38 .And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most
amazing 39 of my life.I was excited by this new world that I had discovered.I had looked out of
my selfcreated prison and 40 the stars.
21．A.off B．behind
C．near D．beyond
22．A.before B．already
C．then D．still
23．A.inflexible B．incomprehensible
C．uncontrollable D．unbearable
24．A.Only B．Not
C．Many D．Such
25．A.covered B．filled
C．buried D．charged
26．A.catching up B．keeping up
C．giving up D．getting up
27．A.ought to B．might well
C．would rather D．had better
28．A.request B．call
C．question D．letter
29．A.comparison B．imaginationC．consideration D．memory
30．A.over and over B．by and by
C．up and down D．now and then
31．A.company B．occupation
C．situation D．relationship
32．A.movement B．reaction
C．guidance D．purpose
33．A.refused B．failed
C．managed D．happened
34．A.asked B．hunted
C．waited D．headed
35．A.floor B．surface
C．rock D．level
36．A.shocking B．challenging
C．puzzling D．astonishing
37．A.as B．but
C．for D．or
38．A.attitude B．principle
C．identity D．standard
39．A.vacation B．operation
C．affair D．adventure
40．A.sought B．counted
C．found D．reached
第二部分 阅读理解(第一节20小题，第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分)
第一节 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？”Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining，Tori brags.“You bet I did.Sean told me two days ago.”
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about？It just happens to be yours truly，Adam Freedman.I
can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still，Lindsey and Toriaren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me.Many of our
conversations are gossip(闲话)．I have noticed three effects of gossip：it can hurt people，it can
give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction，and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked
about.Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups，trouble at home，even
dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the
secret is，the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People
often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in
another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言) can make a
person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly，hearing the
latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.” In other words，gossip is satisfying
because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感)．
Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten，unspoken rules about how
people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in
a group.Translated into high school terms，this means that if everybody you hang around with is
laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something
similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip
will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread
the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might
have.
41．The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to .
A．introduce a topic
B．present an argument
C．describe the characters
D．clarify his writing purpose
42．An important negative effect of gossip is that it .
A．breaks up relationships
B．embarrasses the listenerC．spreads information around
D．causes unpleasant experiences
43．In the author’s opinion，many people like to gossip because it .
A．gives them a feeling of pleasure
B．helps them to make more friends
C．makes them better at telling stories
D．enables them to meet important people
44．Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can .
A．provide students with written rules
B．help people watch their own behaviors
C．force schools to improve student handbooks
D．attract the police’s attention to group behaviors
45．What advice does the author give in the passage?
A．Never become a gossiper.
B．Stay away from gossipers.
C．Don’t let gossip turn into lies.
D．Think twice before you gossip.
B
Below are the search results from a university library’s database.Search full text of books for children
Displaying 1 to 100 of 639 titles for children where Category is Education
1 2 3 4 5...7 Next ＞
Build It，Make It，Do It，Play It！Guides for Children
and Teens
Bomhold Catharine；Elder Terri,2014 | ABCCLIO
Series：Children’s and Young Adult Literature Reference
Available
For busy librarians and educators，finding instructions for
projects，activities，sports，and games that children and
teens will find interesting is a constant challenge.This guide is
a timesaving，onestop...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Circle Time for Young Children
Mosley Jenny,2014 | Taylor and Francis
Series: Essential Guides for Early Years Practitioners
Available
Jenny Mosley’s quality circle time model involves setting upan ongoing，timetabled process of circlemeeting for adults
and children.As a basis for teaching relationship skills，
building up selfesteem...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Connecting Animals and Children in Early Childhood
Selly Patty Born,2014 | Redleaf Press
Available
Understand the value of connecting animals and
children.From family pets and wild animals to toys，stuffed
animals，and media images，animals are a central part of
every child’s world.This book examines...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Education and Disadvantaged Children and Young People
Matsumoto Mitsuko；Brock Colin,2013 | Bloomsbury
Publishing
Series: Education as a Humanitarian Response
Available
Do street children go to school，and if not，why not? What
kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people
affected by conflict? The contributors explore groups of
children and young people who have...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual
The Canadian Paediatric Society；Andrews Debra；
Mahoney William J,2012 | Wiley
Available
The physician’s guide to diagnosing and treating learning
disabilities in children.1 in 10 Canadians have a learningdisability，and doctors must be able to identify，
diagnose，treat，and manage children...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Songs in Their Heads：Music and Its Meaning in
Children’s Lives
Campbell Patricia Shehan,1998 | Oxford University Press
Available
This book explores the musical interest and needs of children
in their daily lives.Based upon their expressed thoughts and
actual “musicking”behaviors，this text examines the songs
they sing，the rhythms...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Young Children as Artists：Art and Design in the Early
Years and Key Stage 1
Tutchell Suzy,2014 | Taylor and Francis
Available
From the moment a child is born，they interact with the
sensory world，looking at colours，feeling textures；
constructing mental and physical images of what they see
and experience.Within all early years...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Big Ideas for Little Kids：Teaching Philosophy Through
Children’s Literature
Wartenberg Thomas E,2014 | Rowman & Littlefield
Publishers
Available
Big Ideas for Little Kids includes everything a teacher，a
parent，or a college student needs to teach philosophy to
elementary school children from picture books.Written in a
clear and accessible style，...Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
46．Suppose you are doing research on children’s relationship skills，you may want to read
.
A．Circle Time for Young Children
B．Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual
C．Education and Disadvantaged Children and Young People
D．Build It，Make It，Do It，Play It！Guides for Children and Teens
47．Which book would you recommend to someone interested in children’s mental images?
A．Connecting Animals and Children in Early Childhood.
B．Songs in Their Heads：Music and Its Meaning in Children’s Lives.
C．Big Ideas for Little Kids: Teaching Philosophy Through Children’s Literature.
D．Young Children as Artists：Art and Design in the Early Years and Key Stage 1.
48．How many books published in 2015 are found in this search?
A．9. B．90. C．118. D．290.
49．Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual is most likely intended for
.
A．educators B．librarians
C．doctors D．artists
C
A scientist working at her lab bench and a sixmonthold baby playing with his food might seem
to have little in common.After all，the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very
nature of the physical world，and the baby is，well，just playing...right？Perhaps，but some
developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this “play” is more like a scientific
investigation than one might think.
Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over
the table edge，it falls to the ground—and，in the process，it brings out important evidence about
how physical objects interact(相互作用)：bowls of rice do not float in midair，but require support
to remain stable.It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe；nor arethey ever clearly taught it.Instead，babies may form an understanding of object support through
repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects
interact.Though their ranges and tools differ，the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment
appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world)，overall approach (gathering direct
evidence from the world)，and logic (are my observations what I expected？)．
Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world
in this way—that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar
means.For example，it may only be through repeated experiments，evidence gathering，and
finally overturning a theory，that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have
different views and desires from what he or she has，for example，unlike the child，Mommy
actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.
Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children
learn，but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.Why do young children and
scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort—the
desire to explore，explain，and understand our world—is simply something that comes from our
babyhood.Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to
explain their worlds，and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as
children.The same cognitive(认知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring
something out may have been adopted by adult scientists.As some psychologists put it，“It is not
that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”
50．According to some developmental psychologists， .
A．a baby’s play is nothing more than a game
B．scientific research into babies’ games is possible
C．the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated
D．a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment
51．We learn from Paragraph 2 that .
A．scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently
B．scientists and babies often interact with each other
C．babies are born with the knowledge of object support
D．babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do52．Children may learn the rules of language by .
A．exploring the physical world
B．investigating human psychology
C．repeating their own experiments
D．observing their parents’ behaviors
53．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.
B．Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.
C．Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.
D．One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.
54．What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and
babies’ play?
A．Convincing. B．Confused.
C．Confident. D．Cautious.
D
Two things changed my life：my mother and a white plastic bike basket.I have thought long
and hard about it and it’s true.I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle
accessory into a life lesson I carry with me today.
My mother and father were united in their way of raising children，but it mostly fell to my
mother to actually carry it out.Looking back，I honestly don’t know how she did it.Managing the
family budget must have been a very hard task，but she made it look effortless.If we complained
about not having what another kid did，we’d hear something like，“I don’t care what soandso
got for his birthday，you are not getting a TV in your room/a car for your birthday/a lavish sweet16
party.” We had to earn our allowance(零用钱) by doing chores around the house.I can still remember
how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table.My brothers can no doubt remember hours
spent cleaning the house.Like the two little girls growing up at the White House，we made our own
beds (no one left the house until that was done)and picked up after ourselves.We had to keep track
of our belongings，and if something was lost，it was not replaced.
It was summer and，one day，my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed—and
there it was in the window.White，shiny，plastic and decorated with flowers，the basket winkedat me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.
“It’s beautiful，” my mother said when I pointed it out to her，“What a neat basket.”
I tried to hold off at first.I played it cool for a short while.But then I guess I couldn’t stand it
any longer：“Mom，please can I please，please get it? I’ll do extra chores for as long as you
say.I’ll do anything，but I need that basket.I love that basket.Please，Mom.Please？”
I was desperate.
“You know，” she said，gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed
was the coolest thing ever，“If you save up you could buy this yourself.”
“By the time I make enough it’ll be gone！”
“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you，” she smiled at Roger，the bike guy.
“He can’t hold it for that long，Mom.Someone else will buy it.Please，Mom，please？”
“There might be another way，”she said.
And so our paying plan unfolded.My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in
some hiding place I couldn’t find.Each week I eagerly counted my growing saving increased by
extra work here and there (washing the car，helping my mother make dinner，delivering or
collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front)．And then，
weeks later，I counted，recounted and jumped for joy.Oh，happy day! I made it! I finally had the
exact amount we’d agreed upon...
Days later the unthinkable happened.A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times
appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny，new bike that already had all the bells and
whistles.I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster.This horrible turn of
events.
And then came the lesson I’ve taken with me through my life：“Honey，your basket is
extraspecial，” Mom said，gently wiping away my hot tears.“Your basket is special because you
paid for it yourself.”
55．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A．The children enjoyed doing housework.
B．The author came from a welloff family.
C．The mother raised her children in an unusual way.
D．The children were fond of the US president’s daughters.56．When the author saw the basket in the window，she .
A．fell in love with it B．stared at her mother
C．recognized it at once D．went up to the bike guy
57．Why did the author say many “pleases” to her mother?
A．She longed to do extra work.
B．She was eager to have the basket.
C．She felt tired after standing too long.
D．She wanted to be polite to her mother.
58．By using “naked” (Paragraph 12)，the author seems to stress that the basket was .
A．something she could afford
B．something important to her
C．something impossible to get
D．something she could do without
59．To the author，it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that .
A．something spoiled her paying plan
B．the basket cost more than she had saved
C．a neighborhood girl had bought a new bike
D．someone else had got a basket of the same kind
60．What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother?
A．Save money for a rainy day.
B．Good advice is beyond all price.
C．Earn your bread with your sweat.
D．God helps those who help themselves.
第二节：下面文章中有5处(第61～65题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、
E和F)中选出符合各段意思的小题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A．Get involved in student activities
B．Your voice is actually super important
C．There is a significant increase of opportunities
D．Stay in active communication with your friends
E．Get smart about the people who you spend your time withF．Your major does not matter as much in your first year of college
Five Things Nobody Told Me about College
As I type this，I am in my university dorm room.A year ago，when I was awaiting to hear the
results of my college applications，I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what
college would be like.However，there’s only so much that prep books，websites，and older friends
can teach.Here are the top 5 things nobody told me about college：
61．
Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study.If they tell you
otherwise，they’re lying and will probably change what they want to pursue within the first quarter
of attendance.During my first quarter at University of California，Riverside (UCR)，I thought that
I wanted to study Political Science with its focus on International Affairs，so that’s what I applied
for.However，once I worked with statewide and local government，I realized that a better fit for
me would be Public Policy，and now I am in the process of changing my area.
62．
In college，there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations.However，
there is a very important difference between wanting to do something and applying for something.In
order for you to take full advantage of the conferences，researches，internships(实习)，and
fellowships that your university offers，apply! Step into your academic advisor’s office，introduce
yourself，and begin making the valuable connections that are necessary to help during the rest of
your college career.Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone，and you would
be surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.
63．
College is where you meet your bridesmaids，groomsmen，neighbors，and potential
bosses.The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later，so
be wise about the people who you invest yourself in.You are only one person，and you do not have
time to waste on people who would rather cause drama or mess up with your purpose.Surround
yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better while loving you for who you
are，and be patient to the people who are the complete opposite of that description.
64．
As a firstyear，I was afraid to make any noise towards campus issues that I noticed.It was notuntil I became involved in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects that I
created with the help of ASUCR Office of the President.During my first quarter，I spoke directly
to the Chancellor(校长)，asking him for support towards my initiatives(提议)，met with the Vice
Chancellors，and cooperated with my teaching assistants to begin my undergraduate research
project.Nothing good will happen when you are silent.
65．
At my high school，there were about only four active clubs and organizations that students
could be a part of.Imagine my surprise when I stepped foot onto UCR’s campus，where over 400
organizations exist，ranging from political organizations to karate club.You are not paying all of
your tuition(学费)to merely go to class，study，pass tests and graduate.Make something worthy
out of your experience.Create stories that you will want to tell your grandchildren one day.It all
begins here，by signing up to join an organization.
非选择题部分(共40分)
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years
late.Every time he arrived home at end of the day，we’d greet her at the door.He would ask who
we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she
prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they chat，my father would lift
my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be up
there!
My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
第二节 书面表达(满分30分)
“Planning is good，but doing is better.”是一句英语名言。请以此为题用英语写一篇100～120词的短文。
要求如下：
1．简述你对这句名言的理解；
2．用一个具体事例加以说明；
3．给出恰当的结尾。
注意：文章的标题已给出，不计入总词数。
Planning Is Good，But Doing Is Better【答案解析】
1．答案 B
解析 考查交际用语。句意为：——你确定为考试做好准备了吗？——没问题，我准备好
了。I’m afraid not恐怕不；No problem没问题；Hard to say很难说；Not really不完全是，不
见得。根据语境，知选B。
2．答案 D
解析 考查冠词。句意为：这次比赛给获胜者的奖励是在巴黎度假两周。第一个空格表示
对比赛获胜者的奖励，是特指，故用the。第二个空格泛指一次为期两周的假期，用不定冠
词a。故选D项。
3．答案 A
解析 考查代词。句意为：在许多方面，美国的教育制度与英国的并没有很大的不同。代
词 that 指代前文中出现的the education system。this这个；one泛指上文提到过的同类事物
中的一个；it指代上文提到过的同一事物。根据语境可知应选A项。
4．答案 C
解析 考查名词辨析。句意为：按时缴纳电费很重要，因为逾期缴纳可能会影响你的信用
condition情况，条件； income收入，收益；credit信誉，信用；status身份，地位。根据句
意，知答案为C。
5．答案 C
解析 考查连词。句意为：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它的所有影响都
是积极正面的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after
在……之后；unless除非。故选C。
6．答案 B
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：那个年轻人诚实而且善于合作，总是在你需要帮助的
时候出现。总之，他是可靠的。or else否则，要不然；in short总之，简言之；by the way顺
便说一下；for one thing一方面。 根据句意可知答案为B。
7．答案 B
解析 考查介词。句意为：该项研究表明，我们成长的文化环境会影响我们看我们周围的
世界的基本过程。in the cultures在……的文化中，为固定搭配，故选B。
8．答案 A
解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多divide分开；reject拒绝；control控制；abandon放弃，抛弃。根据句意可知选A。
9．答案 A
解析 考查动词的时态。句意为：到大约公元前 100 年时，丝绸就已成为沿丝绸之路进行
交易的主要货物之一。“by＋过去时间”作状语，谓语应用过去完成时态。根据句意可知
选A。
10．答案 D
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012
年在澳大利亚进行的研究。分析句子成分可知，句中没有连词，所以空处用非谓语动词，
且 a study和 conduct 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。
11．答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：科学家们已经提出许多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论
其中没有一个得到证实。分析句子成分可知，逗号后是“代词＋of＋which/whom”引导的非
限制性定语从句，先行词many theories，指物，故应用 which。
12．答案 C
解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人们感觉是与外
界隔离了。carry away带走，夺走；break down抛锚，垮掉； cut off切断，隔离； bring
up抚养，提出。 根据句意可知选C。
13．答案 D
解析 考查副词辨析。句意为：突然停下来可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其是你正在高
速行驶时。especially特别，尤其，符合语境。eventually最终；strangely奇怪地；merely仅
仅，只。
14．答案 C
解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：当最后决定选一门课程时，我决定申请那门反映我兴趣的
课程。reflect反映，体现，符合语境。limit限制；reserve预订，保留；spoil毁掉，溺爱。
15．答案 D
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果各国政府和科学家们不一起合作的话，与艾滋病相关
的死亡人数就不会自 2005 年的最高值降下来。根据Had the governments and scientists not
worked together可知事情发生在过去，因此是对过去情况的虚拟，主句用would have done形
式。故选D项。
16．答案 A解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：在这篇文章里，你需要用具体的例子来支持你的总体性
陈述。specific具体的，特定的；permanent永久的；abstract抽象的；universal通用的，普
遍的。根据句意可知选A。
17．答案 C
解析 考查情态动词。句意为：乔治不可能走远。他的咖啡还是热的。can’t have done表示
对过去情况的否定推测，意为“不可能做了……”。
18．答案 D
解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：我一直喜欢你组织的所有活动，希望在未来几年里能参
加更多的活动。many more后省略了events。根据句意可知选D。
19．答案 A
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。题
干中的do指代前面的have fun，have fun doing sth.做某事很开心，是固定搭配，故选A。
20．答案 B
解析 考查交际用语。句意为：——电影将在八点半开始，我们走之前可以随便吃点什么
——听起来不错。八点十分见。Sounds great听起来不错，用来表示同意对方的建议，符合
语境。So long再见；Good luck祝你好运；Have a good time玩得愉快。
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的
军营里，寂寞的生活和恶劣的生存环境让作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给
她的信中就两行字，就是这两行字使作者改变了生活态度，学会了在逆境中享受生活。
21．答案 C
解析 根据空格前的 went to live there可以看出，作者到那里住的目的是希望离丈夫近
(near)一些。off离开；behind在……后面；near在……附近；beyond超出，远于。
22．答案 A
解析 根据上文使用的过去时及第二段第三句“I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.”
可知，作者在此之前(before)从未那么不快乐过。before在……之前；already已经；then然
后，那么；still仍然。
23．答案 D
解析 由破折号后的“...almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)．”可知，即便是
在仙人掌的阴凉里，这种炎热也是让人无法忍受的(unbearable)。inflexible缺乏弹性的，不
可改变的；incomprehensible难懂的，不可理解的；uncontrollable控制不住的，无法管束的；unbearable无法忍受的，承受不住的。
24．答案 B
解析 由该段内容可以看出，作者所居住的地方环境很恶劣，可推知空格处应该指这里没
有(not)作者可以与之聊天的人。only仅仅，只有；not没有；many许多；such那样的。
25．答案 B
解析 be covered with用……覆盖；be filled with充满……；be buried with被……掩埋；be
charged with被指控犯……(罪)。由该句语境可以看出，无论是作者吃的食物还是呼吸的空
气，到处都充满了(were filled with)沙子。
26．答案 C
解析 由后面的“I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.”可以看出，由于居住地恶劣的
环境，作者打算放弃(give up)并准备回家。catch up赶上；keep up保持，维持；give up放弃
get up起床。
27．答案 C
解析 由该空所在句可知，作者在信中告诉父母，她一分钟也坚持不下去了，她宁愿
(would rather)去蹲监狱。ought to应该；might well有可能；would rather宁愿；had better最
好。
28．答案 D
解析 由该段第一句中的“...I wrote to my parents.”可知，作者给自己的父母写了封信。
request请求，要求；call通话，召唤；question问题；letter信。
29．答案 D
解析 由下文可以看出，作者父亲的这两行话彻底改变了作者对生活的态度，所以这两行
话总是在她的记忆(memory)里唱响。comparison对比；imagination想象；consideration考虑，
体贴；memory记忆。
30．答案 A
解析 由上下文语境可知，作者收到父亲的信后反复(over and over)阅读，并为自己感到羞
愧。over and over再三，反复；by and by不久，很快；up and down上上下下，来回；now
and then不时，时常。
31．答案 C
解析 由上文可知，空格所在句表示作者下定决心找到自己目前处境(situation)的优势。
company陪伴，公司；occupation工作，占用；situation处境，状况；relationship关系。32．答案 B
解析 由该段内容可知，作者与当地人交朋友，而他们把最喜欢的艺术品作为礼物送给作
者。他们的反应(reaction)让作者感到吃惊。movement运动，活动；reaction反应；guidance
指导；purpose目的。
33．答案 A
解析 由上下文语境可知，当地人对作者做出的反应让作者感到吃惊，因为他们竟然舍得
将拒绝(refuse)卖给游客的艺术品当作礼物送给作者。refuse拒绝；fail失败，不及格；
manage管理；happen发生，碰巧。
34．答案 B
解析 各选项均可与空格后的for构成短语。ask for请求，要求；hunt for寻找；wait for等
待；head for 前往……。由下文中的定语从句“...that had been left there millions of years
ago...”可知，作者在沙漠里寻找(hunt for)几百万年前遗留下来的贝壳。
35．答案 A
解析 由空格所在句“...when the sands of the desert had been an ocean .”可知，沙
漠里的沙地曾经是海底(floor)。floor底部，地面；surface表面；rock岩石；level水平。
36．答案 D
解析 由上文可以看出，作者由最初的抱怨并打算放弃在沙漠中的生活，到后来接受自己
的处境并学会欣赏生活中的美好可以看出，作者的变化是令人十分惊讶的(astonishing)。
shocking骇人的；challenging具有挑战性的；puzzling令人感到迷惑的。
37．答案 B
解析 由上文可以看出，沙漠没有改变，但(but)作者发生了变化。as表原因；but表转折；
for表原因；or表示出现相反的情况。
38．答案 A
解析 由上文可以看出，作者由最初的不快乐到后来学会享受沙漠生活，完全是因为自己
对生活的态度发生了改变。attitude态度；principle原则；identity身份，一致；standard标
准。
39．答案 D
解析 所给选项中的adventure与该句中的experience相对应。vacation假期；operation操
作，手术；affair事务，事件；adventure冒险，奇遇。
40．答案 C解析 作者将自己从最初感受到沙漠之苦到后来体验到沙漠生活的快乐的转变比喻为在自
设的监狱里发现(find)了星星。seek寻找；count数数；find发现；reach到达。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了闲话的三个影响：一是它会伤害人们
的感情；二是它会给说闲话的人带来一种奇怪的满足感；三是它会在群体中导致社交压力。
41．答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“Many of our conversations are gossip(闲
话)．”以及下文提到的gossip的三个影响可推知开头的对话是为了引出本文的主题，故选
A。
42．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“An important negative effect of gossip is that it
can hurt the person being talked about.”可知主要危害是它会给被讨论的人带来不愉快的经历，
故选D。
43．答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句“The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the
satisfaction it gives us.”可知人们散播传言是因为它会带来满足感，故选A。
44．答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第六段第二句“Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is
important in policing behaviours in a group.”可知他认为传言能帮助人们观察自身的行为，故
选B。
45．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“The next time you feel the urge to spread
the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your ‘juicy story’ might
have.”
可知作者的建议是让人们在传言之前三思而后行。故选D。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了从一所大学的图书馆的数据库里搜索得到
的一些结果。
46．答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据Circle Time for Young Children部分的句子“As a basis for teaching
relationship skills...”可知这本书和孩子的社交技巧有关，故选A。
47．答案 D解析 推理判断题。根据Young Children as Artists：Art and Design in the Early Years and
Key Stage 1中的“...constructing mental and physical images of what they see and experience.”可知
通过这本书能了解孩子的思维方式，故选D。
48．答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据侧边栏的Year Published下的2015 (90)，可知有90本书是2015年
出版的。故选B。
49．答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据 Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual部分的
“The physician’s guide to diagnosing and treating learning disabilities in children.”可知这本书
是给医生读的资料，故选C。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者提出自己的观点：六个月大的婴儿不断把碗从桌
子边上推下去的这个简单的游戏动作，其实包含着很深刻的道理，它与科学家做实验有很
多相似之处。我们追求科学的态度其实源于我们的儿童时代。
50．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“...but some developmental psychologists(心理
学家) have argued that this ‘play’ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.”可
知心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同之处，故选D。
51．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“...overall approach (gathering direct
evidence from the world)．..”可知孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据，故选D。
52．答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“For example，it may only be through repeated
experiments，evidence gathering，and finally overturning a theory...”可知孩子可以通过重复自
己的实验来学习语言的规律，故选C。
53．答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Viewing childhood development as a scientific
investigation throws light on how children learn，but it also offers an inspiring look at science and
scientists.”可知，研究孩子可以让人们更好地了解科学，故选B。
54．答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据作者在文中的用词appear to和may来弱化绝对性的表达，和通过引用其他人的观点some psychologists suggest/argue that 可知，作者的语气是谨慎的。故选
D。
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一
个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才
是珍贵的。
55．答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的句子“We had to earn our allowance(零用钱) by doing
chores around the house....we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done)and
picked up after ourselves.We had to keep track of our belongings，and if something was lost，it
was not replaced.”可知，作者的母亲用不寻常的方法教育孩子。故选C。
56．答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“White，shiny，plastic and decorated with
flowers，the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.”可知，当作者在橱窗
里面看见这个篮子一眼就喜欢上了它。故选A。
57．答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I tried to hold off at first，I played it cool for a short
while. But then I guess I couldn’t stand it any longer...”可知，作者说了很多“pleases”，因为她
渴望拥有这个篮子。故选B。
58．答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据画线词所在段的句子“…(washing the car，helping my mother make
dinner，delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in
front)．”可知，作者觉得没有这个篮子，自行车看起来光秃秃的，使用“naked”这个词，
说明这个篮子对她是个重要的东西。故选B。
59．答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的句子“A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions
of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny，new bike that already had all the
bells and whistles.”可知看到邻家女孩自行车上的车篮和自己钟爱的车篮相同，而且人家的自
行车装备更齐全，作者受不了了。故选D。
60．答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是“Earn your bread with your sweat.”。故选C。
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了作者在大学体会到的五件重要的事情。
61．F [根据本段前两句“Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study.
If they tell you otherwise，they’re lying and will probably change what they want to pursue within
the first quarter of attendance.”可知，这段主要介绍了：你的专业在大学一年级不重要。故选
F。]
62．C [根据本段首句“In college，there are so many good chances for you to meet your
expectations.”可知，本段主要介绍了：机会会不断增加。故选C。]
63．E [根据本段第二句“The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones
you value later，so be wise about the people who you invest yourself in.”可知，这段主要介绍
了：对于在一起的人要理性一些。故选E。]
64．B [根据本段最后一句“Nothing good will happen when you are silent.”可知，这段主要
介绍了：你说的话实际上非常重要。故选B。]
65．A [根据本段最后一句“It all begins here，by signing up to join an organization.”可知，
这段主要介绍了：参与一些学生的活动。故选A。]
第一节
答案
When I was a very young ，my father created a regular practice I remember well
years .Every time he arrived home at \s\up7(∧) end of the day，we’d greet at the door.He would ask
who we and pretend not to us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared
dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While they ，my father would lift my sister and
me up to sit the top of the fridge.It was both and frightening to be up there!
My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
66．children→child [因为前面有不定冠词a，所以这里用单数。故children改成child。]
67．late→later [late是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但是一段时间后面应该接
later，表示“……时间以后”。故late改成later。]
68．at后面加the [at the end of在……末，为固定搭配。]
69．her→him [根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用him指代my father，作greet的
宾语。故her改成him。]
70．was→were [这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。故was改成were。]
71．knowing→know [pretend后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式 pretend not to do。故
knowing改成know。]
72．去掉had [would do 表示“过去常常做”。]
73．chat→chatted [根据主句内容my father would lift my sister 可知while引导的时间状语
从句用一般过去时。故chat改成chatted。]
74．in→on [on the top of...为固定搭配，意为“在……的上面/顶端”。故in改成on。]
75．excited→exciting [这句话的主语是形式主语it，真正的主语是to be up there，主语是物
的时候，表语应该用现在分词形式的形容词。故excited改成exciting。]
第二节
参考范文
Planning Is Good，But Doing Is Better
Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do.However，a plan can bear no fruit without
being actually carried out.
My experience in the English speech contest last October is a case in point.A month before the
event，I spent hours working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.After that，I
set out to read widely for an inspiring topic，wrote a speech，and practiced its delivery in beautiful
pronunciation with good public speech skills.I finally came out of the contest as the first prize
winner.
I know how I achieved my success. It came from good planning and better doing combined.
