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考点 20 主语从句&表语从句&同位语从句(重难考点精讲练)
考向二 主语从句
1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语,大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语,that不可省;what引导的主语从句表示"……的东西"时,一般
不用it作形式主语;whatever,whoever,whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
☞That she will succeed is certain.
☞It is certain that she will succeed.
常见的it替代that引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种:
(1)It+系动词+形容词(necessary,right,likely,unlikely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,
strange,normal等)+that从句
☞It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.
(2)It+be+名词(短语)(a pity,a shame,good news,a fact,an honour,a wonder,no wonder等)+that从句
It’s no wonder that you’ve achieved so much success.
(3)It+be+过去分词(said,told,heard,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,
thought,considered,wellknown,announced等)+that从句
☞It is said that the professor has already succeeded in carrying out the experiment.
(4)It+特殊动词(seem,appear,happen,matter)+that从句
☞It happened to me that I had been away when he called.
注意:(1)在"It is necessary/important/strange/natural...+that从句"结构中,从句谓语常用"(should+)
动词原形"形式。
【拓展延伸】主语从句的引导词
引导词 作用 引导词 作用
that 无词义,在从句中不充当成分,但不能省略 how 多么,怎样,作方式状语或程度状语
who 谁,作主语、宾语 when 何时,作时间状语
whom 谁,作宾语 where 在哪儿,作地点状语
what 什么,可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 why 为什么,作原因状语
which 哪一个,哪些,作主语、宾语、定语 whether 是否
【特别注意】当作主语的句子太长时,为保持句子平衡,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语置后。if"
是否",不可直接引导主语从句(用it作形式主语时可以) 。3. 主语从句的特殊用法
(1)主语从句与定语从句的转换
☞What is needed has been bought.
☞All that is needed has been bought.
所有需要的都被买了。
(2)几个特殊句型之间的转换
☞It is known to all that China has joined the WTO.
As is known to all, China has joined the WTO.
What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.众所周知,中国已加入WTO。
4. 从句作主语时,句子谓语动词的单复数问题
(1)从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。
That they are not going to the cinema is a big surprise to us.他们不去看电影,这使我们感到很惊讶。
(2)what引导的从向作主语,谓语动词一般用单数;若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词常用
复数。
What she said is wrong.她所说的是错误的。
What we need are books.我们所需要的是书籍。
1. ______ the path of a county is the right one is a matter to be decided by its people.
A. That B. What C. Whether D. Why
【答案解析】 C
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:一个县城的道路是否是正确的路,由它的人民决定。分析句子可知,
“______ the path of a county is the right one”是名词性从句中的主语从句,不缺成分,但缺少意思“是否”,
whether/if(是否)符合句意,因为引导主语从句只能用whether,故选C。
2. It soon became widely known ________ the attempt to save girl had failed.
A. that B. what C. who D. which
【答案解析】 A
【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意:营救那个女孩的努力失败了,这事很快就传开了。分析可知,“It”
为形式主语,“________ the attempt to save girl had failed”应是句子的真正主语,即,主语从句,从句中句子结构完整,句意完整,应用that引导。故选A项。
3. It suddenly occurred to him ________ he had left his keys in the office.
A. whether B. where
C. which D. that
【答案解析】 D
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:他突然想起他把钥匙忘在办公室了。It occurs/occurred to sb. that...某人突然
想到……。其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的从句,从句成分完整,用 that仅起连接作用,无实义。
故选D项。
考向四表语从句
引导表语从句的连接词主要有:
连接词:that,whether
连接代词:who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever whomever,whichever,whatever
连接副词:when,where,how,why
1. 连接词引导
☞The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed. 他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
☞The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
2. 连接代词和连接副词引导
☞The problem is who will take charge of this shop. 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
☞That is when I realized the importance of journalism. 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
注意:
(1)as/as if/as though 引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面,如 seem,appear,look,taste,
sound,feel等。
☞It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听上去好像有人在敲门。
☞At that time, it seemed as though I couldn’t think of the right word. 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一
个恰当的字眼来。
(2)当主句的主语是reason时,表语从句一般由that引导,这种用法常见于句型The reason why... is
that...
☞The reason why he came late was that he got up late. 他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
2表语从句的三个易混句式
句式 用法 例句This/'That is why+结果 意为"这那就是.....to work there. That's why I want you to work there.
那就是的原因",why 引导表语从
我想要你在那儿工作的原因。
句。
This/That/It is because 意为"这/那是因为.....,because引 It's just because he |doesn't know her.
+原因 导表语从句。 这
这仅仅是因为他不认识她 。
The reason why... is 意为"......的原因是……”, The reason why he didn't come was
that... why定语从句,修饰先行词reason, that it was raining heavily.他没有来的
that引导表语从句。 原因是 (当时)雨下得很大。
1. If you are addicted to your mobile phone, that’s ______ you should lay it down and be involved in meaningful
activities.
A. when B. why C. where D. how
【答案解析】 A
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:如果你沉迷于手机,那么该是你放下手机,参加有意义的活动的时候了。
此处是表语从句,引导词在从句中作时间状语,应使用when引导。故选A。
2. If you are addicted to your mobile phone, that’s ______ you should lay it down and be involved in meaningful
activities.
A. when B. why C. where D. ho w
【答案解析】 A
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:如果你沉迷于手机,那么该是你放下手机,参加有意义的活动的时候了。
此处是表语从句,引导词在从句中作时间状语,应使用when引导。故选A。
3. Everyone on this planet is different, and that's______ makes it such a beautiful place.
A. When B. how C. what D. why
【答案解析】 C
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:这个星球上的每个人都不一样,那是使得这个星球成为美丽的地方的东西。
分析句子可知,系动词is后是表语从句,从句缺少主语,what引导表语从句,从句中作主语,when“……
的时候”作时间状语;how“如何”作方式状语;why“为什么;……的原因”作原因状语。故选C。考向五 同位语从句
1. 同位语从句跟在名词后面,进一步解释、说明该名词的具体内容。同位语从句常跟在名词
idea, fact, news, hope, thought, suggestion等抽象名词之后;
2. 连接词that不能省略,无意义无成分;
3. 用whether而不用if引导同位语从句;
4. 连接代词who(m), which, what,whose在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语;
5. 连接副词where, when, why, how在从句作状语。
6.分割式同位语从句:同位语从句有时被别的词或短语把它和名词隔开:(谓语较短,同位语从句较长)。
☞The story goes that William Tell did kill the king with that sword.
7.若被同位语从句说明的名词是:advice, suggestion, proposal(建议), demand, request, requirement,
order(命令)等表示建议、命令、要求的词时,同位语从句的谓语用"(should)+do"。
8.区别由that 引导的定语从句和同位语从句:
①定语从句中的that是代词,可在从句中作主、宾、表;同位语从句中的that是连词,无成分无意义;
②定语从句——说明先行词的性质与特征,与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系;
同位语从句——对名词即先行词加以补充说明,是名词全部内容的体现。
③在名词和从句之间加be, 使之构成一个新句子,如果合乎逻辑,句子通顺,则是同位语从句,定语从
句是不能用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。
1. Evidence has been found through years of study _______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to
continue when they grow up.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:通过多年的研究已经发现了孩子们早期的睡眠问题可能随着长大会继续
的证据。通过分析句子结构可知,这个句子中包含一个同位语从句,说明evidence的内容,用that连接同
位语从句,that在同位语从句中不作任何成分,且没有实际意义,填that。
2. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ______ you are better than anyone else on the
sports field.
【答案】that
【解析】连词that引导同位语从句对名词belief起解释说明作用。故答案是that。3. Evidence has been found through years of study______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue
when they grow up.
【答案】that
【解析】连词that引导同位语从句对名词Evidence起解释说明作用。故答案是that。
1.The reason ________ you failed in the test yesterday, I suppose, was ________ you didn’t follow your teacher’s
advice.
A.which; because B.that; why C.why; that D.why; because
2.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ we can be entirely free from dust.
A.what B.which C.that D.how
3.Customers are becoming so practical nowadays that they only buy ________ they need.
A.that B.what C.when D.which
4.The old gentleman never fails to help ________ is in need of his help.
A.whom B.who C.whoever D.whomever
5.——Could you please tell me________?
——I’m not sure. Perhaps in a couple of days.
A.when he is coming back B.how many days he will stay there
C.how long will he be back D.how soon will he come back
6.The greatest mystery of all is ________ caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.
A.what B.where C.when D.which
7.It is universally acknowledged that money flows to ________ it is that controls the scarce thing.
A.whom B.whomever C.who D.whoever
8.About two thousand five hundred years ago the first houses appeared on the fat tops of the hills in ________ is
now northern New Mexico.
A.where B.which C.what D.that
9.________is the most important in life is that we should always be confident about the future.
A.Who B.Which C.That D.What
10.People may think that dinosaurs were big, green with hard skin covering their bodies. But in fact, it seems that
dinosaurs appeared very different from________ we think.A.which B.that C.who D.what
11.It is not a problem _____ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A.whether B.why C.when D.where
12.He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected.
A.why B.how C.that D.what
13.The opinion learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by education experts throughout the
years.
A.which B.that
C.what D.how
14.Police have found ________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.
A.which B.where C.how D.what
15.________ was most important to her, she told me, was to keep healthy.
A.It B.This
C.What D.As
16.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to charge.
A.that B.which
C.what D.how
17.Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A.whatever B.whoever
C.whomever D.whichever
18.Students are always interested in finding out _______ they can go with a new teacher.
A.how far B.how long
C.how often D.how soon
19._____________ comes will be welcome to the open-air concert.
A.Whatever B.Whoever
C.No matter what D.No matter who
20.It is not always easy for the public to see ________ use a new invention can be of to human life.
A.whose B.what C.which D.that
21.A computer can only do ___ you have instructed it to do .
A.how B.after C.what D.when
22.________ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company.A.When B.How
C.What D.That
23.We should respect food and think about the people who don’t have we have here and treat food nicely.
A.that B.which C.what D.whether
24.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?
—Yeah, but I have no idea _____________ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.
A.when B.why
C.that D.how
25.The exhibition tells us _____we should do something to stop air pollution.
A.where B.why
C.what D.which
1.【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句型和复合句。句意:我想,你昨天考试不及格的原因是你没有听老师的劝告。该句中
使用了句型“The reason why …. is/was that …”结构,意为“……的原因是……”。分析本句,在该句中,
“_______ you failed in the test yesterday”为定语从句,修饰先行词the reason,且该先行词在定语从句中做
原因状语,故用why;“_______ you didn’t follow your teacher’s advice”为表语从句,该表语从句中句子成
分齐全,意思完整,所以应用that引导;另外,“I suppose”为插入语,常用逗号与主句隔开;综上,故选
C。
2.【答案】C
【解析】考查表语从句。句意:雨季最令人愉悦的就是我们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作
表语,即表语从句,表语从句的句意和句子结构完整,因此用that来引导表语从句,that无词义,不作成
分,仅起引导作用。故选C。
3.【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意:现在顾客变得越来越实际,他们只买他们需要的东西。A. that那个;
B. what什么;C. when什么时候;D. which哪一个。分析句子并根据空前的buy可知,空处应使用what引
导宾语从句,并在从句中充当need的宾语。故选B项。
4.【答案】C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:这位老先生从不忘记帮助任何需要他帮助的人。空处引导宾语从句,从句
缺少主语,表示“无论谁”应用whoever,故选C。
5.【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:——你能告诉我他什么时候回来吗?——我不确定。或许几天之后。分析
可知,空处为宾语从句,应用陈述句语序,故排除CD两项;根据“Perhaps in a couple of days”可知,问的
是时间,应用when引导宾语从句,且动作发生在将来,come的进行时表将来。故选A。
6.【答案】A
【解析】考查表语从句。句意:最大的谜团是什么导致玛雅人放弃了他们大部分的大城市。分析可知,设
空处引导表语从句,从句缺少主语,且意为“什么”,应用连接代词what,故选A。
7.【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:人们普遍认为,无论谁控制着这个稀缺的东西,资金都会流向他。
根据主句谓语动词flows to可知此处是一个宾语从句,分析宾语从句和句意可知,主语是it,it 指 he 和
she,当无法确定人的性别时,一般用 it 担任,is缺少表语,因此用whoever作is的表语,意为“无论是
谁”。故选D项。
8.【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:大约两千五百年前,第一批房屋出现在今天的新墨西哥州北部的
肥美的山顶上。由介词in可知此处是一个宾语从句,分析宾语从句成分可知,缺少主语,意为“什么”,
因此应用what,what连接宾语从句。故选C项。
9.【答案】D
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:生活中最重要的是我们总是要对未来充满信心。分析句子可知,空处引导
一个主语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,表示“最重要的事情”,应用连接代词what引导。故选D项。
10.【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:人们可能认为恐龙体型巨大,呈绿色,身体覆盖着坚硬的皮肤。但事实上,
恐龙似乎和我们想象的很不一样。在宾语从句“we think”中缺少think的宾语,且是指对恐龙的想象,所以
应用what引导。故选D。
11.【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题;这只是时间问题。A. whether是否;B.
why为什么;C. when什么时候;D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知,此处指”我们能
否打赢这场战斗不是问题”,it是形式主语,whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
12.【答案】D【解析】考查表语从句。句意:他努力学习,后来成为一个著名的作家,这是他父亲所期望的。分析句子
可知,was后接表语从句,从句中缺少宾语吗,所以由what来充当宾语。故选D项。
13.【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:教育专家多年来一直认为学习是一个终生的过程。分析句意及句子成分
可知,此处为opinion的同位语从句,从句句子成分齐全、句意完整,应使用that,无词意、不做成分、仅
起连接作用。故B选项正确。
14.【答案】D
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:警察已经找到了好像是失踪的古代雕像的东西。及物动词found后面显然
是一个宾语从句,而从句中缺少主语,所以正确答案锁定连接代词which和what,其中,which引导宾语
从句时,意思是“哪一个;哪一些”,用以要求某人在有限数量中指明某人或某事物;what引导宾语从句
时,意思是“……的事物”。句中没有给出具体的数量,故选D。
15.【答案】C
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意:她告诉我说于她而言最重要的是保持健康。she told me是插入语,
不影响整个句式的表达,句子中的谓语是(was to keep healthy),空格处表示“所……的”,在主语从句
中作主语,用what。故选C。
16.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:我们之所以选择这家酒店,是因为这里一晚的价格降到20美元,是过去
收费的一半。分析句子可知,介词of后跟宾语从句,在从句中作charge的宾语,表示“所……的”,要用
what,故选C项。
17.【答案】B
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:每年,任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。A. whatever任
何事物;B. whoever任何人;C. whomever任何人;D. whichever无论哪个。空格所在部分是主语从句,缺
少主语,用连接代词,是人获奖,故排除AD,因为需要做主语,只能用主格代词,故选B。
18.【答案】A
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意为“学生们想知道他们与新来的老师相处的会怎样。”how far
有两个用法,其一是对距离的提问,其二是询问到什么程度或范围; how long询问多长时间;
how often询问频率;how soon表示多久以后;how far表示程度,修饰go with a new teacher。
故选A。
19.【答案】B
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:无论谁来参加露天音乐会都会受到欢迎。根据句意可知,此处是主语从句,“无论谁”可以使用whoever或no matter who。no matter who只能引导让步状语从句,不能位于句首,而
whoever可以引导主语从句和让步状语从句。故选B。
20.【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句连接词。句意:对于公众来说看到一项新发明对人类有什么用途并不总是很容易的。
what在宾语从句中作定语,意为“什么样的”,A. whose谁的;C. which哪一个;D. that引导名词性从句,
没有意义,不作成分,其它三项不合题意。故选B。
21.【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:计算机只能做你指示它去做的事情。A. how 怎样,如何;B. after 以后;
C.what 什么;D.when 什么时候。分析句子可知,这是一个宾语从句,连接代词what在宾语从句中做do
的宾语,故选C项。
22.【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:你会上所说的话是对公司发展前景的一个很好的描述。此处you said 需
要宾语。describes a bright future for the company需要主语,只有what能满足要求。故选C项。
23.【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我们应该尊重食物,想想那些没有我们这里所拥有的食物的人,好好地对
待食物。分析句子可知, we have here 为宾语从句,作have的宾语,而从句的连接词在从句中
也作have的宾语,意为“所......的”,故选C。
24.【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:——迈克做出了放弃耶鲁大学的邀约是真的吗?——是的,但是我不知
道他为什么这么做,那是他最喜欢的大学之一。A项表“时间”,D项表“方式”,均不合题意。have no
idea =“not” know,后面的从句应该表示“疑问”,排除表“确定事实”的C项。故本题选择B项。why表
示“原因”,引导同位语从句解释说明idea。Mike放弃了最心仪的耶鲁大学,令人不解其故。故选B。
25.【答案】B
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:这个展览告诉我们为什么我们应该做一些事情来阻止空气污染。分析句子
可知,本句为宾语从句,tell sb sth “ 告诉某人某事”, sth由句子来充当,从句中缺少表示原因的连接副
词。故选择B。
【2021】1.(2021.6新高考1卷)
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so
breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
【答案】what
【解析】1: 考查名词性从句。分析题目,空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知,_____is so breathing
about the experience 作 is 的主语,为主语从句。从句中缺少主语,指代事情;且空格位于句首。故填
What。
2.(2021.3 天津卷)What puzzles Lily's friends is she always has so many crazy ideas.
A. whether B. why C. what D. when
【答案】B
【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意:令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。
A. whether是否;B.why为什么;C. what什么; D.when什么时间,当……的时候。分析成分结构句子,
该空需要一个表语从句的连接词。再结合句意可知,应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。
所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选:B。
3.(2021.1 浙江卷 语法填空)
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 2 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy
weight.
【答案】that 或 which
【解析】考查关系代词。句意:BMI是全球公认的表示体重是否处于健康状态的测量工具。分析句子结构
可知 gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight. 是 BMI is an internationally recognized
measurement tool的定语从句,先行词为tool, 故答案为that/which。
4.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)
At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
A.where B.which C. that D. when
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意︰在中国艺术节上有不同的展台,在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给
参观者。分析句子成分结构可知,stands作先行词,空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ,从句中不缺
主宾表,故选关系副词,先行词stands在从句中作地点状语,所以应用where。故选:A。
5.(2021.3 天津卷 单选)William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes we can learn without repeating
them.
A. from which B. in which C. with whom D. for whom
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意︰威廉·哈斯蒂曾经说过,历史会告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中学习避
免重复犯错。分析句子成分结构可知,past mistakes为先行词,"we can learn without repeating them" 为定
语从句,从句中的谓语动词为can learn。由此可知,此处讲述的是要从过去的错误中学习,固定短语:
learn from"从……中学习”,所以应用from which引导定语从句。故选:A。
【2020】
1. (2020江苏高考真题)It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.
A. whether B. why C. when D. where
【答案】A
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题;这只是时间问题。A. whether是否;B.
why为什么;C. when什么时候;D. where在哪里。根据下文it’s just a matter of time可知,此处指”我们能
否打赢这场战斗不是问题”,it是形式主语,whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。
2. (2020天津高考真题)The student completed this experiment to make come true __________ Professor
Joseph had said.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实,这个学生完成了这个实验。
_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句,该从句中,空处在从句中作said的宾语,表
示”……所说的话”,因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。
3. (2020浙江高考真题)Over thousands of years,they began to depend less on 57 could be hunted or
gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
【答案】what
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:在几千年的时间里,他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖,而
更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子,宾语从句部分缺主语,所以引导词应为“连接代词”。
根据句意,此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。
【2019】
1.【2019·江苏卷·单项填空】25.Scientists have obtained more evidence ___________ plastic is finding its wayinto the human body.
A. what B. that C. which D. where
【答案】B
【解析】考查同位语从句。句意:科学家已经获得更多证据,塑料正在进入人们的体内。从句不缺句子成
分,且与evidence指代的是同一事件,用that引导同位语从句。故选B。
2.【2019·新课标I卷·语法填空】While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence ___61___ they range all the
way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada.
【答案】that
【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句子结构分析可知,主句为there be句型,且结构完整,空格后为同位语
从句,解释说明中心词evidence的内容,故填that。
【2018】
1.【2018·北京】11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A. how B. when C. where D. why
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:没有他的支持,我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式,when表时
间,where表地点,why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句,结合句子的意思可知,该处指我们
所处的位置,故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
点睛:表语从句是指一个句子充当表语,通俗的说就是系动词be后面接一个句子。连接表语从句的连接词
有that,what,who,when,where,which,why,whether,how等。
2.【2018·北京】15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
A. how B. which C. that D. what
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:没有他的支持,我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式,when表时
间,where表地点,why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句,结合句子的意思可知,该处指我们
所处的位置,故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。
点睛:what是常见的名词性从句引导词之一,它除了引导从句作用之外,还在从句中做主语,宾语,表语
或者定语。根据不同的语境,what可以表示不同的意思,例如“……的东西或事情”,“……的人或样子”等。
3.【2018·天津】9. The gold medal will be awarded ___________to wins the first place in the bicycle race.
A. whomever B. wherever C. whoever D. whatever
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句连接词。句意:无论谁获得自行车比赛第一名,金牌将授予他。分析句子可知,宾语从句中缺少主语,故用whoever,表示“任何人,无论谁”。故选C。
点睛:分析句子可知,空格处做be awarded to的宾语,同时在后面的从句中做主语,再根据句意可知,这
里主语指人,故用whoever。
4.【2018·江苏】21. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A. where B. when C. why D. how
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:乘船是到达这里唯一的途径,这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导
的非限定性定语从句可知,后面为表语从句。分析句意可知,这里用连接副词how引导表语从句,充当方
式状语,表示“如何”。故选D。
【2017】
1.【2017·北京】23. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
【答案】B
【解析】试题分析:A. whatever 任何事 B. whoever 任何人 C. whomever 任何人 D. whichever无论哪个。
句意:每年,任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。空格所在部分是主语从句,缺少主语,
用连接代词,根据意思可知是人获奖,故排除A、D,因为需要作主语,只能用主格代词who+ever,故选
B。
考点:考查连词。
2.【2017·北京】26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.
A. why B. where C. how D. when
【答案】B
试题分析:A. why 为什么 B. where 在哪 C. how 如何 D. when什么时候。句意:Jane漫无目的地走在
两旁栽树的街道上,不知道她将去往何方,根据语境可知此处是表地点的,很容易就可选出答案B。
考点:考查连词。学科&网
3.【2017·江苏】26. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used
to charge.
A. that B. which C. what D. how
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词性从句的引导词。"half of _________ it used to charge"是$20的同位语,即原来价格的
一半是现在的$20;另外,of后跟名词或名词短语构成介宾短语,所以,这里是宾语从句;宾语从句中的
charge后面缺少宾语,所以用what来引导宾语从句,并充当宾语从句的宾语,故选C。【名师点睛】
这里容易误判为定语从句的“介词+关系代词”结构,需要注意的是,half of后面的价格是以前的价格。
如果是定语从句,那么half of后面的价格则是$20的一半,即$10,再结合“down to”可知,原来的价格
高于$20,因此不是定语从句。
介词of后跟宾语,因此这里是宾语从句,通过分析句子成分可知,宾语从句缺少宾语,因此用what引导。
4.【2017·天津】4. She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.
A. when B. where C. whether D. what
【答案】C
【解析】试题分析:句意:他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了,我承认。我还没有还。A.什么时候;B.在
哪里;C是否;D.什么。根据句意,故选C
考点:考查宾语从句。
【名师点睛】本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的确定,首先确定连词的词义,然后
根据句意判断出正确的连词,本句的句意很明显,确定为是否。
4.【2018·新课标II卷·短文改错】The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very
useful later in my life.
【答案】where改为when
【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。句意:当我是个孩子的时候我父母教给我的纸牌游戏在我日后的生活中
证明非常有用。宾语从句连接词并不是表示地点状语,而是时间状语。故把where改为when。