文档内容
选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Graduate Schemes
Commercial Banking Graduate Scheme
We help UK-based clients to invest locally and trade globally，and advise them on
ways they can manage risk.To apply for our scheme，you need a 2：1 degree or
above in any discipline from any university.
Location ： Our graduate schemes are based in various cities around the UK ，
including London，Birmingham，Edinburgh and Bristol.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
◆Attending client meetings to understand their needs and offering solutions to
support them.
◆Managing the Group’s exposure to risk and assessing investment opportunities.
Risk Management Graduate Scheme
If you are eager to learn how a national organization protects itself and its customers
from different threats，you’ll be a great fit for our Risk Management teams.
What you need is just a 2：2 degree or above.
Location：The first placement will be in Bristol，followed by three placements in
London.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
◆Developing your understanding of credit risks ， risk analysis and financial
modeling.
◆Using artificial intelligence (AI) to simplify our risk management processes.
Finance Graduate Scheme
Finance teams are the trusted advisors to our business.And，once they understand
how a business works，they can develop strategies that help transform it，within a
fast-changing industry.Accounting and finance graduates are qualified for this scheme.
Location：London.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
◆Building relationships with colleagues and customers to better understand their
needs.
◆Reviewing our practices and contributing ideas on the ways we can improve them.
Manufacturing Graduate Scheme
We’re the UK’s second largest fresh food manufacturer.We’re unique in the way we
source and make most of our fresh food ourselves.To join us，it’s crucial that you
have to own a driving license.Besides，you must have a passion for food quality and
safety.Those who have a minimum 2：2 degree and are fluent in Chinese will be
preferred.
Location：London.
WHAT YOU’LL BE DOING
◆Working with a variety of teams at several of our manufacturing sites.
◆Going on placement in stores to learn more about our retail operations.
1.Which graduate schemes suit people who want to stay in Bristol?
A.Finance Graduate Scheme and Risk Management Graduate Scheme.
B.Manufacturing Graduate Scheme and Finance Graduate Scheme.
C.Risk Management Graduate Scheme and Manufacturing Graduate Scheme.
D.Commercial Banking Graduate Scheme and Risk Management Graduate Scheme.
2.What will you be doing once finishing the Finance Graduate Scheme?
A.Reviewing ideas on the ways to improve them.
B.Mastering more knowledge about retail operations.
C.Creating bonds with customers to know them well.
D.Using AI to make risk management easy.
3.Which is a must to apply for Manufacturing Graduate Scheme?
A.A passion for food.
B.A driving license.
C.A certificate for Chinese.
D.A health certificate.Howard Schultz wasn’t the first person to be carried away by the pleasant smell of a
well-roasted coffee bean.But the Starbucks Coffee Co. leader was undoubtedly the
first to turn that dream into a billion dollar retail business.
Schultz’s adventure started in 1981 when he traveled from New York to Seattle to
check out a popular coffee bean store called “Starbucks”.It had been buying many of
the Hammarplast Swedish drip coffeemakers (滴滤式煮咖啡壶) he was selling.
There was that great smell，sure，but what caused him to fall in love with the
business was the care the Starbucks owners put into choosing and roasting the
beans.He was also impressed with the owners’ devotion to educating the public about
the wonders of the coffee.
It took Schultz a year to convince the Starbucks owners to hire him.When they finally
made him director of marketing and operations in 1982，he had another idea.This
one occurred in Italy，when Schultz noticed the coffee bars that existed on almost
every block.He learned that they not only served excellent espressos (蒸馏咖啡)，
they also served as meeting places or public squares，and there were 200，000 of
them in the country.
But when he came back to Seattle，the Starbucks owners resisted Schultz’s plans to
serve coffee in the stores，saying the restaurant business was competitive，and it
was costly to hire waiters.After all ， economic benefits were their primary
motivator.Frustrated，Schultz quit and started his own coffee-bar business in 1985，
named “Ⅱ Giornale”.It was successful ，and two years later ，the original
Starbucks management sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz for $3.8 million.
As the company began to expand rapidly in the 1990s，Schultz always said that the
main goal was “to serve a great cup of coffee”.Asked about the secret of his
success，Schultz told us the principles，“Don’t be threatened by people smarter
than you.Compromise anything but your core values.”
4.What caused Schultz to join the Starbucks?
A.The pleasant smell of its coffee bean.
B.His strong desire to improve himself.C.The owners’ impressive work attitude.
D.His eagerness to sell more coffeemakers.
5.Which of the following can best describe Schultz’s personality?
A.Committed and generous.
B.Sociable and helpful.
C.Motivated and considerate.
D.Determined and creative.
6.Why did the Starbucks owners refuse to serve coffee in the stores?
A.Many coffee bars had existed in Seattle.
B.People preferred tasting coffee at home.
C.Workforce was insufficient in the market.
D.They tried to avoid high cost of labor force.
7.What does Schultz think contributes to his success?
A.Learning from smarter people.
B.Sticking to his own core values.
C.Keeping his business a secret.
D.Remembering a set of principles.
For the past three decades，Richard Sears，71，has been focused on one thing：
telling the stories behind Chinese characters.
His interest in Chinese language and characters goes back to 1972，when he was a
22-year-old physics major at Portland State University in Oregon.“I realized only 7
percent of the world speak English as a mother tongue.So，I wanted to know what it
was like to speak another language.” By 1990，Sears was already pretty fluent in
Chinese，but he did not know how to read.To Sears，the characters were complex
with many strokes and almost no apparent logic.
“I’m a physicist，so I don’t like blind memorization in learning languages.I knew
that Chinese characters came from pictographs(象形文字) and I wanted to know the
stories behind the Chinese characters.” As he studied，Sears realized quickly that
many of the explanations could not possibly be true.In order to pick out the goodones，he decided to computerize the characters.He scanned about 96，000 ancient
characters.
The database of ancient characters came into being，but he wanted to explain the
step-by-step evolvement of these characters from the original pictographs to the
modern simplified forms.He finally got his website up in 2002 and named it Chinese
Etymology(词源)，where visitors can check for free the evolvement of Chinese
characters in various forms.Between 2002 and 2011，the website would get 11，000
or 15，000 hits a day.Suddenly，in January 2011，clicks to the website went up to
600，000 in one day.Overnight he became Uncle Hanzi，a nickname given by
Chinese netizens，after one of them shared his website on Chinese social media.
In addition to the website，in September last year，Sears set up his studio，focusing
on applying AR，animation and artificial intelligence to telling stories of Chinese
culture and character origins，in Nanjing as part of the local authority’s plan to
cultivate talent in the culture sector.“They have both entertainment value for young
Chinese and educational value and can teach the origins of Chinese characters，”
he says.“We also want to make videos with a high educational value for other
platforms both for Chinese and foreign learners of Chinese characters.”
8.What do we know about Richard Sears?
A.He learned Chinese to improve his physics.
B.He has made an exploration into Chinese characters.
C.He was fluent in reading Chinese from the beginning.
D.He was concerned about the spread of his mother tongue.
9.What does the underlined word “ones” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A.Explanations. B.Characters.
C.Pictographs. D.Languages.
10.What can be inferred about Sears’ website?
A.It has made a big profit from netizens visiting it.
B.It gained popularity shortly after being established.
C.It focuses on the simplification of Chinese characters.
D.It brings the evolvement of Chinese characters to the public.11.Which of the following can best describe Richard Sears?
A.Enthusiastic and devoted.
B.Wise but careless.
C.Ambitious and humorous.
D.Generous but stubborn.
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·浙江四校5月联考)
As much as 80 percent of premature heart disease is preventable by making specific
lifestyle choices.__1__ But others may not have crossed your mind.“A small change
in your everyday routine can potentially have a big impact in the long run，” says
preventive cardiologist Dr.Beth Abramson.
·Get eight hours of sleep.
“When you’re not rested, everything that happens in your life is a lot more
stressful，” says Dr.Arya Sharma, a professor of medicine at the University of
Alberta.If we’re sleep deprived, our bodies also have more difficulty controlling
blood pressure, inflammation and glucose levels.__2__
·__3__
Doing good for others helps your self-esteem and relieves stress.Research published
in Psychosomatic Medicine in 2016 showed that a feeling of purpose in life is linked
to a lower likelihood of heart attack and stroke.“We know that loneliness is a risk
factor for heart health，” adds Sharma.“Volunteering gets you out of the house
and creates a social network.”
·Avoid polluted air.
Exposure to this kind of pollution over time raises your risk of heart disease.Inhaling
contaminants formed from chemicals like Sulphur(硫) dioxide, carbon and nitrogen
oxides may irritate arteries(动脉) and increase inflammation.__4__ Try to get your
outdoor exercise far away from highways and industrial districts, and spend more
time indoors when the air quality index is poor.
·Eat breakfast.
A recent study in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found thathealthy people who skipped breakfast were almost three times more likely to have
heart disease six years later than those who partook in a substantial morning
meal.According to Abramson, you need to eat a balanced diet as part of a healthy
lifestyle.__5__ If you’re eating a proper breakfast, you’re less likely to be hungry
later and make poor food choices.
A.Be social and outgoing.
B.Engage in voluntary work.
C.There are physiological effects of this condition on the body.
D.These factors can all have an impact on cardiovascular(心血管的) health.
E.Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and include fruit.
F.Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.
G.Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people with other health risks.
选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了四个毕业生计划，对毕业生
的要求，招聘地点以及工作要求。
1.D [细节理解题。根据 Commercial Banking Graduate Scheme 部分中的
“Location：Our graduate schemes...and Bristol.”以及Risk Management Graduate
Scheme部分中的“Location：The first...in London.”可知，Commercial Banking
Graduate Scheme和Risk Management Graduate Scheme适合那些想留在布里斯托
尔的人。]
2.C [细节理解题。根据 Finance Graduate Scheme 部分中的“WHAT YOU’LLBE DOING”可知，完成金融毕业生计划后，你会与客户建立联系，了解他
们。]
3.B [细节理解题。根据 Manufacturing Graduate Scheme 部分中“To join us，
it’s crucial that you have to own a driving license.”可知，申请该计划需要有驾驶
执照。]
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了霍华德·舒尔茨带领星巴克咖啡公司
走向成功的故事。
4.C [推理判断题。根据第三段及第四段中的“It took Schultz a year to convince
the Starbucks owners to hire him.”可推知，老板令人印象深刻的工作态度促使舒
尔茨加入了星巴克。]
5.D [推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可推知，舒尔茨的成功源于他的创新和坚
持，所以坚定和创新是对舒尔茨性格的最佳描述。]
6.D [细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“But when he came back to
Seattle...economic benefits were their primary motivator.”可知，星巴克的老板拒绝
在店里供应咖啡，因为他们试图避免高昂的劳动力成本。]
7.B [细节理解题。根据最后一段中的最后一句可知，舒尔茨认为，坚持自己的核心价值观是他成功的原因。]
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍 71岁的理查德·西尔斯专注于研
究汉字背后的故事。
8.B [细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For the past three decades...telling the
stories behind Chinese characters.”和第二段中的“To Sears，the characters were
complex with many strokes and almost no apparent logic.”可知，理查德·西尔斯对
汉字进行了探索。]
9.A [词义猜测题。根据第三段划线词前句“As he studied，Sears realized
quickly that many of the explanations could not possibly be true.”可知，为了挑选
出好的解释，他决定将这些汉字电脑化。所以 ones 指代前句中的
“explanations(解释)”。]
10.D [推理判断题。根据第四段中的“He finally got his website up in 2002...free
the evolvement of Chinese characters in various forms.”可推断，西尔斯的网站把汉
字的演变带给了大众。]
11.A [推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For the past three decades...telling the
stories behind Chinese characters.”和第四段中的“He finally got his website up in2002...free the evolvement of Chinese characters in various forms.”可知，理查德·西
尔斯一直专注于讲述汉字背后的故事并让访问者免费查看各种形式的汉字的演
变，从而推断说明他对汉字的研究富有热情且乐于奉献。]
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了通过做出特定的生活方式选
择，多达80%的早发性心脏病是可以预防的。
1.F [设空前讲了通过做出特定的生活方式选择，多达 80%的早发性心脏病是
可以预防的。因此，设空中应提到一些众所周知的策略。F 选项中 Some
strategies...与设空后的“others may not have crossed your mind”形成对比。F选项
“Some strategies, such as exercising and managing weight, are well known.”符合要
求。]
2.D [设空前讲了如果我们缺乏睡眠，我们的身体在控制血压、炎症和血糖水
平 方 面 会 更 加 困 难 。 D 选 项 “ These factors can all have an impact on
cardiovascular(心血管的) health.”与前句呼应。]
3.B [设空考查小标题。根据设空后提到的“Doing good for others”及
“Volunteering gets you out of the house”可知，B 选项“Engage in voluntarywork.”与它们相呼应。]
4.G [设空前讲了长时间暴露于这种污染会增加心脏病的风险。设空后提到尽
量远离高速公路和工业区进行户外锻炼，并在空气质量指数较差时多待在室内。
G 选项“Even short periods of exposure are unhealthy for people with other health
risks.”与后句呼应。]
5.E [设空前讲了根据Abramson的说法，你需要吃均衡的饮食作为健康生活方
式的一部分。设空后提到如果你吃了合适的早餐，你不太可能在后来感到饥饿
并做出糟糕的食物选择。E选项“Choose whole-grain, low-fat breakfast foods and
include fruit.”与后句相呼应。]
