Jobs may be scarce today, but if current trends hold, pretty soon there will be plenty of
fun, lucrative gigs. If you have the vision to start prepping now, you could be flying
starships, reading minds, or designing organs.
工作也许现在很难找，但如果照当前的趋势发展下去，不久之后，就会有很多既
有趣又能赚大钱的工作出现。假如你够有远见，现在就着手准备，那你就有可能
成为未来的飞船驾驶员、测心专家或器官设计师。
Thought Hacker 思想黑客
Job: Read thoughts. Hiring: 2030
工作内容：洞悉人的思想。上岗时间：2030年
Trend: In 2009, U.S. lawyers made the first request to introduce a "lie-detecting"
functional-MRI scan as evidence. Though later withdrawn because of shaky scientific
support, mind-reading tech will only get stronger. Neuroscientists led by Jack Gallant
of the University of California at Berkeley can already roughly reconstruct what
people are seeing just from scanning their brains, and memories, thoughts and dreams
could be next. Brain-computer interfaces are also well on their way. Fields including
psychotherapy and recreational mind-melding will depend on workers who can see
into the mind's eye.
发展趋势：2009年，美国律师首次提请将具有“测谎”功能的核磁共振扫描结果
作为证据。尽管后来这一提请因为缺乏可靠的科学依据而被撤回，但测心技术的
发展只会越来越强大。在加州大学伯克利分校的杰克·加兰特的率领下，神经科学
家们已经可以通过扫描人的大脑来大致重现他们在扫描时刻的所见所闻，下一步
还有可能会重现人的记忆、思想和梦境。脑机接口技术的发展也十分顺利。包括
精神疗法和心灵融合娱乐疗法在内的专业领域都将依赖于可以看透别人心思的
工作人员来开展治疗。
Education: Neuroscience or computer science—they should converge before we go
bionic.
应受教育：攻读神经科学或计算机科学——如果能集两个专业于一身，我们将变
得神通广大。
Human/Robot Interaction Specialist 人机交互技术专家
Job: Help robots and people get along. Hiring: 2030
工作内容：帮助机器人与人类和睦相处。上岗时间：2030年
Trend: Robot nurses won't help Grandpa much if they don't understand his sarcasm.
We'll need savvy workers making—and remaking—robots to ensure that they operate
seamlessly in our world. And we'll require help coping in theirs. As droids lure people
away from real human contact, expect a demand for specialized therapists to boost
people's social and robotical skills.
发展趋势：机器人护士要是听不懂老爷爷说的那些挖苦人的反话，那就没多大用
处了。我们需要精干的工作人员来造出——或改造出——可以完全融入我们生活
的机器人。而且，在融入它们的世界时，我们也需要帮助。随着机器人让人们在现
实生活中彼此渐行渐远，我们需要专业的临床医学家来提升人的社交技能以及与
机器人交流的能力。
Education: Schools strong in artificial intelligence, such as MIT, Carnegie MellonUniversity and Stanford University.
应受教育：入读在人工智能方面具有雄厚实力的学校，比如麻省理工学院、卡内
基-梅隆大学和斯坦福大学。
Space Pilot 太空飞行员
Job: Fly shuttles to space. Hiring: 2020
工作内容：驾驶飞船前往太空。 上岗时间：2020年
Trend: Virgin Galactic plans to launch the first commercial suborbital spaceflights by
2012 for about $200,000 a seat. With competition from other companies, that price
could soon drop low enough for daily shuttle service to outer space, the moon and
asteroids for tourism, mining and science. Commercial pilots will regain the mystique
they had in the 1960s as thousands of them strap in for the stars.
发展趋势：维珍银河公司计划在2012年前推出首批商业性质的亚轨道航天飞行，
飞船的每个座位约二十万美元。随着其他公司加入竞争，这一价格可能很快就会
下跌，到时候航天飞机每天都能发航班去外太空、月球和小行星，人们可以去旅
游、采矿、搞科研。当成千上万的商业飞行员系上安全带飞向星空的时候，他们将
像上世纪60年代那样再次披上神秘的面纱。
Education: Aviation school or the Air Force. Also check out NASA's underwater
space-simulator laboratory.
应受教育：在飞行学院或空军部队受训。美国国家航空航天局的水下太空模拟实
验室也是不错的选择。
Animal-Migration Engineer 动物迁徙工程师
Job: Create new habitats for critters12). Hiring: 2030
工作内容：为动物创建新的栖息地。 上岗时间：2030年
Trend: Many habitats are now being destroyed faster than a species can evolve. But
moving creatures to new homes could save them. After figuring out which species to
put where (quite the task), an "assisted migration" effort requires more care than just
piling two of everything into an ark. For example, conservationists who currently
relocate butterflies identify suitable sites with aerial photos and trim local plants to the
insects' exacting standards.
发展趋势：如今，许多栖息地遭受破坏的速度比物种进化的速度快。不过，如果将
动物迁移至新的家园，它们就有可能得以拯救。我们先要弄清楚哪些物种该迁到
哪里(难度相当大)，然后需要实施“辅助迁徙”。此时，我们需要格外细心，这可
不仅仅是每一种动物的雌类和雄类各挑一只，然后放进方舟里面就算完事了。比
如，目前正在给蝴蝶安新家的动物保护主义者就是利用航拍照片确定合适的定居
点，并严格按照昆虫的标准对当地植物进行修整的。
Education: Intern with a group like Operation Migration, which leads cranes to new
watering holes.
应受教育：加入“迁徙行动”之类的组织进行实习。该组织的主要使命是将鹤引
入新湿地。
Organ Designer 器官设计师Job: Make organs from scratch. Hiring: 2020
工作内容：从无到有，制造器官。上岗时间：2020年
Trend: Every 90 minutes, someone in the U.S. dies waiting for a transplant. With the
senior population doubling by 2050, expect more internal plumbing problems.
Medical company Tengion's simple “neo-organs”, such as bladders, arrive as soon as
next year. But we'll still need to figure out how to fashion trickier organs like lungs,
kidneys and hearts, all made using the patient's own cells to reduce rejection. “If
you're adding a new fender,” says Tim Bertram, a senior vice president at Tengion, “it
has to be the right make and model.”
发展趋势：在美国，每隔90分钟就有一个人在等待器官移植中死去。到2050年，
老年人口将翻一番，届时，预计会有更多的人需要进行器官移植。Tegion医药公
司生产的构造简单的 “新器官”最快明年就能上市，比如膀胱。不过，我们仍然
需要研究如何制造出像肺、肾、心脏之类更复杂的器官。为了减少排斥反应，制造
这些器官均要使用病人自身的细胞。“这就好比你如果要装一个新的挡泥
板，”Tengion公司资深副总裁蒂姆·伯特仑说，“那么它的结构和样式都必须得
恰到好处。”
Education: A bioengineering program, such as Wake Forest's, which is working to
grow more than 22 different organs and tissues in the lab
应受教育：学习生物工程专业，比如维克森林大学就正在实验室里培育超过22种
不同的器官和组织。
Galactic Architect 银河建筑师
Job: Build cosmic outposts. Hiring: 2025
工作内容：建造宇宙前哨基地。 上岗时间：2025年
Trend: President Obama says that astronauts will reach an asteroid by 2025. Soon
we'll be mining precious metals and making rest-stops to Mars, projects that require
buildings and vehicles that can withstand everything from subzero temperatures to
extreme radiation. Learning to keep people alive in materials-starved space could help
Earth-dwellers, too. “Extreme environments provide lessons for everywhere,” says
Larry Bell, a space architect at the University of Houston. “How do you do more with
less? What is recyclable?”
发展趋势：奥巴马总统说，宇航员将在2025年之前到达某个小行星。不久之后，
我们就能在小行星上开采贵重金属，并为前往火星建造中途休息站。这类工程所
需的建筑物和交通工具要经得住包括超低温和强辐射在内的任何因素的考验。学
习如何让人在资源匮乏的太空生存对在地球上居住的人来说同样有帮助。“极端
环境带来的教训适用于任何地方，”休斯敦大学太空建筑师拉里·贝尔说，“比如
你如何利用更少的资源做更多的事？哪些东西可循环利用？”
Education: A master's in space architecture, currently available only at the University
of Houston.
应受教育：攻读太空建筑专业硕士学位，目前仅在休斯敦大学可以拿到该学位。
World Watcher 世界观察员
Job: See it all with satellites. Hiring: 2030
工作内容：用卫星观天下。 上岗时间：2030年Trend: Multispectral satellites can already spot buried ancient cities and track how
temperature, population and ground cover help spread disease. As imaging improves,
more reverse-astronomers will look down at our own planet with something like a
super-powered, time-lapse Google Earth.
发展趋势：多光谱卫星已经能够准确定位地下古城，并对温度、人群以及植被如
何促进疾病传播进行追踪。随着成像技术的发展，越来越多的“逆向天文学家”
将会把视线下投，用功能超强、延时拍摄的“谷歌地球”之类的工具俯瞰我们居
住的星球。
Education: Archaeology or geophysics, then grad work in Earth imaging, such as at
the University of Wisconsin.
应受教育：攻读考古学或地球物理学专业，毕业后再到威斯康星大学之类的院校
学习地球成像方面的研究生课程。
Forecaster of Everything 全能预报员
Job: Analyze data to predict the future. Hiring: 2015
工作内容：分析数据，预测未来。上岗时间：2015年
Trend: The U.S. Bureau of Labor estimates that demand for statistics wonks will swell
by 20 percent by 2018. As the barrage of data grows—tweets, insulin-meter uploads,
facial-recognition billboards—we'll need skilled people to choose what data to pull
and how to make it useful. As businesses become more dependent on these analyses,
the raw data itself will become a key commodity, creating its own industry. Expect
openings for data brokers trading exclusive rights to data portfolios.
发展趋势：据美国劳工局估算，到2018年，对统计学专业人员的需求量将增加
20%。随着数据量的爆炸式增长——微博留言、胰岛素仪上传数据、具有人脸识别
功能的广告牌——我们需要技术娴熟的人来确定哪些数据可以用，以及如何用。
随着商业活动对这些数据分析的依赖性越来越强，原始数据本身也将成为一种重
要商品，并形成属于自己的独特产业。拥有数据资产独家交易权的数据经纪人即
将应运而生。
Education: Study computer science or stats, then enroll in a prediction-proficiency
program such as DePaul University's.
应受教育：攻读计算机科学或统计学专业，然后到设有预测专业的学校进行深造
比如德保罗大学。
