【2026版高考总复习红与勾讲与练英语word电子版14.第十四讲 定语从句

单句语法填空

1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route that/which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.

2．(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell­Saint Elias in southern Alaska, which became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.

3．(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, who is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia”， add an international character to Stratford­upon­Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.

4．(2024·浙江1月卷)Of course, shops are not charities—they price goods in the way that/which will make them the most money.

5．(2023·全国乙卷)But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place which/that welcomes the fast­paced development of modern life，with 21st­century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.

6．(2023·全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, as Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.”

7．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co­existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age­old fables.

8．(2022·全国甲卷)On the 1，100­kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, who lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.

9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species that live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.

10．(2021·浙江1月卷)BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool which/that gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.

11．(2021·天津6月卷)In the spring, a season when we are learning new rhythms of life, many of us find comfort in the natural world.

12．(2021·北京卷)When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything that happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.

考点一关系代词的用法

(一)关系代词that与which的用法

that和which引导的定语从句

只用that的情况	当先行词为 everything, anything, nothing, something, much, all, none, few, little(少)等不定代词时
当先行词为形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时
当先行词被the only, the very, all, any, little(少), few, no等词修饰时
当先行词既有人又有物时
只用which的情况	在非限制性定语从句中
关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，而介词又位于关系代词之前时If I run into anything that might interest you, I’ll send it your way.

如果我遇到你可能感兴趣的东西，我会把它寄给你。

After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.

他家失火后，那辆旧轿车是他唯一的财产了。

That is the best film that has ever been shown so far in the city.

那是迄今为止在这个城市上映的最好的电影。

My mother and her old friends talked about persons and things that they remembered in the school.

我母亲和她的老朋友谈论了她们所记得的在学校里的人和事。

His best movie, which won several awards, was about the life of Gandhi.

他最优秀的电影，就是荣获几项大奖的那一部，是关于甘地生平的。

I bought a great many books, on which I spent all my money that I saved.

我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。

(二)which与as引导非限制性定语从句的区别

关系词	which	as
先行词	名词或句子	只能是句子
位置上	只能放在先行词的后面	位置灵活，可位于句首、句中，也可位于句末
搭配上	无动词的限制	谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see，hear，know，expect，remember等
意思上	这一点	正如……，正像……的那样

She married again, which was unexpected.

她再婚了，这是始料不及的。

She married again, as we expected.

正如我们预料的那样，她再婚了。

[易混辨析]

(1)the same…as…与the same…that…的区别

①the same…as…表示相似的东西，即同类异物。

This is the same book as he lent me last week.

这和他上星期借给我的那本书属于同一类。

②the same…that…表示同一人或物。

This is the same book that he lent me last week. 

这是他上星期借给我的那本书。

(2)such/so…as…与such/so…that…的区别

①such/so…as…引导定语从句，意为“像……那样”，as在从句中作主语、宾语等。

This is such an easy question as I can answer. 

这是一道我可以回答的简单问题。

②such/so…that…引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，that在从句中不作成分。

This is such an easy question that  I can answer it. 

这是一道如此简单的问题以至于我都可以回答。

(三)其他关系代词的用法辨析

关系代词	先行词	在从句中所作成分
who	人	主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语
whom	人	宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)whose (＝of
whom/of which)	人或物	定语

Each graduate standing on the playground, who was accompanied by a parent, would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster.

每个毕业生都由父亲或母亲陪伴着站在操场上，等待校长给他们颁发毕业证书。

My daughter, whose job requires her to do a lot of travelling, is always away from home.

我的女儿总不在家，她的工作需要经常出差。

——单句语法填空

1．I’m grateful that the assistant responded in a way that/which made me rethink the power of my words.

2．The woman said that her husband had died some months before and that she didn’t have anyone else in her family who could help her.

3．First, we went to Mount Tai, which is a very famous tourist spot in China.

4．The air quality in the city, as is shown in the report, has improved over the past two years.

5．This story about self­respect and self­love, whose characters are Chinese, is set in Europe.

考点二　关系副词的用法

关系副词	先行词	在从句中所作成分
when(＝at/on/in/during which)	表时间	时间状语
where(＝at/in/on which)	表地点	地点状语
why(＝for which)只引导限制性定语从句	表原因	原因状语

We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.

我们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。

Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with each other.

古代的中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。

Can you tell me the reason why (＝for which) you are late again?

你能告诉我你又迟到的原因吗？

[名师指津]　①先行词为抽象名词point，position, situation, stage, state, case, scene 等，并且定语从句中缺少状语时，常用where引导定语从句。

He said if we really got to the point where we needed to use life jackets, he would have already died of terror.

他说如果我们真到了需要用救生衣的地步，他早就吓死了。

②reason作先行词时，若引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，定语从句要用that或which引导。

The boss doesn’t want to hear any reason (that/which) you give.

老板不想听你给的任何理由。

③当先行词occasion意为“时机”时，用关系副词when；意为“场合”时，用关系副词where。

It was the first occasion when they had both found it possible to keep an appointment.

他们两人都能赴约，这还是头一遭。

The birth of a New Year is always a special occasion where people gather to celebrate a new beginning brimming with hope and renewal.

新年的到来总是一个特殊的场合，人们相聚在一起庆祝一个充满着希望和复苏的新的开始。

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