英语新闻速览
260808 期
英语新闻 · 1难度:★★★☆☆ | 主题:外交 / 能源 | 词数:68 词
Iran's parliament is reviewing a draft plan to reopen the Strait of Hormuz, according to Iranian media. The proposal reportedly includes banning vessels from America, Israel and other "hostile" countries. Earlier Donald Trump lashed out at reports that America is suffering a shortage of munitions as a result of its attacks on Iran. The president vowed to impose "long-term jail sentences" on people suspected of leaking the information.
据伊朗媒体报道,伊朗议会正在审议一项重新开放霍尔木兹海峡的计划草案。据称该提案包括禁止来自美国、以色列及其他「敌意」国家的船只通行。早些时候,唐纳德·特朗普猛烈抨击有关美国因其对伊朗的袭击而出现弹药短缺的报道。总统誓言将对涉嫌泄露该信息的人处以「长期监禁」。
难点词 lash out(/læʃ ˈaʊt/ phr. v., 猛烈抨击;发火):文中作「Donald Trump lashed out at reports that...」(特朗普猛烈抨击…的报道)。lash out 指「突然愤怒地批评或攻击(某人 / 某事)」,常接 at;新闻中常用于政客对报道、质疑的激烈回应。近义 hit back、erupt;本义是「(用鞭、拳)乱打、猛击」。搭配:lash out at sb / lash out at reports。易错:lash out 是短语动词,中间不可插入宾语(不说 lash sb out);也别和 lash(v. 鞭打)的本义混淆。
英语新闻 · 2难度:★★★☆☆ | 主题:也门 / 安全 | 词数:63 词
The Houthis intensified their attacks against Yemen's government, reportedly killing at least 30 troops. The Iran-backed militia was also accused of firing shells that injured 17 civilians. Saudi Arabia is reportedly preparing to launch an offensive against the Houthis in an attempt to break their chokehold on Saudi oil exports. These pass through the Bab al-Mandab strait, near territory controlled by the rebels.
胡塞武装加强了对也门政府的攻击,据报造成至少 30 名士兵死亡。这支受伊朗支持的民兵组织还被指控发射炮弹,造成 17 名平民受伤。据报道,沙特阿拉伯正准备对胡塞武装发动攻势,试图打破其对沙特石油出口的钳制。这些石油经由曼德海峡(Bab al-Mandab)通过,该海峡靠近叛军控制的地区。
难点词 chokehold(/ˈtʃəʊk.həʊld/ n., countable, 钳制;控制权):文中作「break their chokehold on Saudi oil exports」(打破其对沙特石油出口的钳制)。chokehold 原指「(格斗中)勒颈锁喉」,引申为「对某事牢牢的控制 / 压制」,新闻报道中常形容一方对资源、通道或市场的垄断性掌控。近义 stranglehold(压制)、grip(掌控);搭配:break a chokehold on sth / maintain a chokehold。易错:chokehold 与 stranglehold 近义,后者更强调「扼杀性压制」;也别和 choke(v. 窒息)的动词用法混淆。
英语新闻 · 3难度:★★★★☆ | 主题:美国 / 政治 | 词数:62 词
Mr Trump signed two executive orders targeting birthright citizenship, weeks after the Supreme Court struck down his previous attempt to overturn it. One expands the definition of ineligible parents to "any member of a designated Foreign Terrorist Organisation". The other seeks to end "birth tourism", which involves travelling to America solely to have a child. Both will probably be challenged in court.
特朗普先生签署了两项针对出生公民权的行政命令,此前几周最高法院刚刚推翻了他此前推翻该权利的尝试。其中一项将「不合格父母」的定义扩大至「任何被指定的外国恐怖组织成员」。另一项试图终结「生育旅游」,即专为生子而前往美国的行为。两项命令都可能将在法庭上受到挑战。
难点词 ineligible(/ɪnˈelɪdʒəbəl/ adj., 不合格的;无资格的):文中作「expands the definition of ineligible parents」(扩大「不合格父母」的定义)。ineligible 指「不符合条件、没有资格的」,常用于法律、福利、身份语境;反义 eligible(符合条件的、合格的)。常见搭配 be ineligible for sth / declare sb ineligible。易错:ineligible 重音在第二音节(-li-);拼写是 in- + eligible,切勿与 illegible(难以辨认的)混淆——illegible 指字迹 / 印刷看不清,二者极易写错。
英语新闻 · 4难度:★★★☆☆ | 主题:商业 / 法律 | 词数:59 词
A judge in America ordered Meta to pay $567m towards the treatment and prevention of mental-health problems in children. The firm, which owns Facebook and Instagram, had already been ordered to pay $375m in the same case for failing to alert users that content on its social-media platforms posed a risk to children's safety. Meta said it would appeal.
美国一名法官命令 Meta 支付 5.67 亿美元,用于儿童心理健康问题的治疗与预防。这家拥有 Facebook 和 Instagram 的公司此前已在同一案件中被判支付 3.75 亿美元,原因是未能提醒用户其社交媒体平台上的内容对儿童安全构成风险。Meta 表示将提起上诉。
难点词 appeal(/əˈpiːl/ v., 上诉;呼吁):文中作「Meta said it would appeal」(Meta 表示将提起上诉)。appeal 作法律动词指「向上级法院上诉」,常接 against(对…上诉)或 to(向…上诉);作名词也指「呼吁、吸引力」。近义 (v. 上诉) lodge an appeal、challenge in court;常见搭配 appeal against a ruling / appeal to the court。易错:appeal 日常更常见义是「吸引、呼吁」(The idea appeals to me),但在法务新闻里几乎总作「上诉」;也别和 appal / appall(使惊骇)混淆。
英语新闻 · 5难度:★★★★☆ | 主题:商业 / 并购 | 词数:57 词
EasyJet accepted a £5.7bn ($7.7bn) takeover offer from Apollo, an American investment firm. Earlier Castlelake, a rival suitor, said it had abandoned its bid to buy the British budget airline. Unlike Castlelake, which probably wanted to sell easyJet for parts, Apollo had pledged to double-down on the airline's plans to upgrade planes and expand its holiday packages.
易捷航空(EasyJet)接受了来自美国投资公司阿波罗(Apollo)的 57 亿英镑(77 亿美元)收购要约。早些时候,竞争对手竞购方 Castlelake 表示已放弃收购这家英国廉价航空公司的出价。与 Castlelake(其可能想拆分出售易捷航空)不同,阿波罗承诺将加倍推进该航空公司的飞机升级和扩展度假套餐计划。
难点词 takeover(/ˈteɪkəʊvə/ n., countable, 收购;接管):文中作「accepted a £5.7bn takeover offer」(接受了 57 亿英镑的收购要约)。takeover 指「一家公司被另一家收购 / 接管」,是财经新闻核心词;动词短语 take over(接管、接任)。近义 acquisition(收购)、buyout(买断);搭配:a takeover offer / a takeover bid / a hostile takeover(敌意收购)。易错:takeover 是名词,动词需分开写 take over;也别和 breakdown、showdown 等 -down 复合词混用词性。
英语新闻 · 6难度:★★★★☆ | 主题:美国 / 法律 | 词数:66 词
A Senate committee voted to hold Anthony Fauci in contempt of Congress, after he repeatedly refused to answer questions about his handling of the covid-19 pandemic during a recent hearing with lawmakers. Dr Fauci was formerly the chief medical adviser to the White House. Before leaving office, Joe Biden gave him a pre-emptive pardon. It is unclear if America's Justice Department will choose to prosecute him.
一个参议院委员会投票决定以藐视国会罪指控安东尼·福奇,此前他在最近一次与议员的听证会上,多次拒绝对其处理新冠疫情的方式回答问题。福奇博士曾任白宫首席医疗顾问。在离任前,乔·拜登给予他一项预防性赦免。目前尚不清楚美国司法部是否会选择起诉他。
难点词 contempt(/kənˈtempt/ n., uncountable, 藐视;蔑视):文中作「hold Anthony Fauci in contempt of Congress」(以藐视国会罪指控福奇)。contempt 在法律语境指「藐视(法庭 / 国会)」,是一种可被处罚的行为;日常也指「轻蔑、鄙视」。固定搭配 hold sb in contempt of Congress / court(以藐视国会 / 法庭罪论处)。易错:contempt 是不可数名词,没有复数;也别和 consent(同意)、content(内容)形近混淆。
英语新闻 · 7难度:★★★★☆ | 主题:科技 / 科学 | 词数:63 词
Scientists at Stanford University said they used AI to engineer novel viruses. The researchers created a generative AI model, trained it on genetic sequences, then asked it to write new ones capable of fighting E. coli bacteria. The model created 16 "exceptional" phages, which are viruses that can infect bacteria. While celebrating the model's benefits, the scientists acknowledged that it raised "biosecurity considerations".
斯坦福大学的科学家表示,他们使用 AI 设计了新型病毒。研究人员创建了一个生成式 AI 模型,用基因序列对其进行训练,然后让它写出能够对抗大肠杆菌的新序列。该模型创造了 16 种「卓越的」噬菌体——即能够感染细菌的病毒。在盛赞该模型好处的同时,科学家们也承认它引发了「生物安全方面的考量」。
难点词 phage(/feɪdʒ/ n., countable, 噬菌体):文中作「created 16 "exceptional" phages, which are viruses that can infect bacteria」(创造了 16 种能感染细菌的病毒——噬菌体)。phage 是 bacteriophage 的简称,指「感染并裂解细菌的病毒」,在合成生物学与抗菌研究中是热点;文中由 AI 生成的新序列即为此类。近义 bacteriophage(全称);相关词 bacteria(细菌)、virus(病毒)。易错:phage 读 /feɪdʒ/(与 cage 同韵),是学术缩写词,日常极少出现;也别和 page(页)、plague(瘟疫)混淆。
短语固定搭配
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