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北京市朝阳区 2024~2025 学年度第二学期期末质量检测
高二英语试卷
(考试时间100分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用(共三节，30分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Outside a few snowflakes (雪花) fell down as the grey afternoon sky darkened. Although it was less than one
week before the New Year, I found it difficult to be in a ____1____ mood.
My family had just moved to this country and was going through a very difficult year. The holidays were
difficult for us because we ____2____ our hometown. No one was coming over for the New Year either. We
would be spending the festival alone.
As a wave of homesickness ____3____ my family, the doorbell rang. It was dark outside, and we weren’t
____4____ anyone. My fifteen-year-old daughter Rachel went to open the door, and then said, “Mom, there’s a
box on the doorstep — with presents... and nobody is out here!”
Who could have left it? It was indeed a (n) ____5____. The box contained some packages wrapped in bright
paper. Each had a typewritten label: Open Dec. 27th, Open Dec. 28th, … There were a total of six. It was
December 27th, and the label for that day was ____6____ to a package of steaks. The label read: Enjoy fun with
your family.
After that, we gathered each day as a family to open one more gift. We would try to guess what each package
contained, which became a ____7____ for us. As the days passed, we also ____8____ butter, potatoes, sausages,
peppers and berries. All together the packages made a complete New Year dinner. But it turned out we didn’t need
to use our packages of food on the New Year’s Day because a family from work ____9____ invited us over for
dinner on December 31st. We felt so blessed, and were so thankful to be loved!
Now, two decades later, that tough year is a distant memory. We never find out who gave us the New Year gift.
But I’m always ____10____ for the spirit of kindness and generosity that came at a time we desperately needed to
know we were not alone after all.
1. A. joyful B. nervous C. depressed D. confident
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司2. A. visited B. admired C. missed D. forgot
3. A. cheered up B. swept over C. brought back D. took apart
4. A. expecting B. detecting C. bothering D. informing
5. A. accident B. mystery C. chance D. mistake
6. A. delivered B. exposed C. related D. attached
7. A. strategy B. problem C. trick D. game
8. A. made B. examined C. discovered D. bought
9. A. kindly B. calmly C. randomly D. hesitantly
10. A. eager B. ready C. grateful D. responsible
第二节 选词填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面句子，根据句意、从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空。
submit frequent propose strike reliable
proceed to disturb get rid of be dedicated to in an
attempt to
11. The team had to ________ the false data to ensure accurate results.
12. Before the deadline, students must ________ their final essays online.
13. The employees stayed up all night ________ finish the project on time.
14. The organization ________ helping the elderly living alone, as part of its long-term mission is to serve the
community.
第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面句子，根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出
提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
15. A lot more plastic waste ________ (throw) into the ocean last year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
16. Luckily, the parents ________ (put) away all the clothes before it rained. (所给词的适当形式填空)
17. She wants a job __________ her management skills can be put to good use. (用适当的词填空)
18. Tom accidentally slipped on the wet floor, ________ (injure) his arm badly. (所给词的适当形式填空)
19. The politicians delivered several powerful ________ (speech) at the conference. (所给词的适当形式填空)
20. The government ________ (invest) 2 billion RMB in renewable energy by now. (所给词的适当形式填空)
21. The medical students were unsure about ________ they should do with the emergency. (用适当的词填空)
的
22. The little child made great efforts ________ (reach) for the ripe pear hanging on the branch. (所给词 适当
形式填空)
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司23. Nowadays, the Internet, as well as modern satellites, ________ (connect) remote areas globally. (所给词的适
当形式填空)
24. When ________ (question) about its factories’ damage to the environment, the company insisted that it had
done nothing wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
项涂黑。
A
The Summer Academy for Math and Science (SAMS) Program mirrors the undergraduate (本科生)
experience, giving rising seniors the opportunity to explore the fascinating world of science, technology,
engineering and math (STEM). We provide you with experience that includes academic and personal development
both inside and outside of the classroom in order to prepare students for the future. Live and learn in a college
setting that will challenge you to discover your best self.
Course Highlights
In our program, students will:
•Gain an understanding of the theory of research design in STEM-related fields.
•Participate in weekly writing sessions on college application preparation.
•Learn more about cooperative learning through group discussions.
•Interact with professionals to explore STEM majors.
•Complete the From Student to Scholar, a course designed to help students better understand who they are,
who they want to be, and learn what it takes to get there.
Application Requirements
To be qualified for the SAMS Program, students must:
•Be in 11th grade in high school at the time of application submission.
•Demonstrate a strong interest in STEM disciplines.
•Have an experience that demonstrates a commitment in community engagement.
All qualified students are welcome to apply, and we strongly encourage applications from students who are
underrepresented in STEM on the basis of, but not limited by:
•Being raised in a home where English was a second language.
•Currently attending a high school with historically low rates of admittance to premier institutions.
•Identifying as first-generation college students whose parent (s) did not attend college.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司25. The SAMS Program helps students ________.
A. design STEM courses B. experience college life
C. adapt to classroom learning D. get along with undergraduates
26. In the SAMS Program, students will ________.
A. form better self-awareness
B. conduct their own research
C. complete their college application
D. assist experts in group discussions
27. Which is a requirement for the SAMS Program applicants?
A. Graduating from a top local high school.
B. Coming from a non- native English family.
C. Having previous involvement in community work.
D. Being children of parents without college education.
B
Running has always been my way to just breathe. It used to be that when I ran, my body sped forward, but my
mind found a rare stillness, making me feel strong, grounded, clear- headed and free.
That changed during the third year of my undergraduate when I was deeply hurt by someone I trusted —
someone I considered a friend. Almost overnight, I withdrew from the social person I once was. I felt I needed to
find a way to deal with it on my own. Running late at nights and in early mornings became my shelter from that
bad memory. I was searching for a cure in the ache of my muscles and the burn of my lungs. I ran faster and harder,
thinking that maybe if I abused my body, the pain would go away. I pushed distances and limits I had never tried
before. That fall, I signed up for a full marathon.
I remember the moment my right knee gave out 4 months into my training. A sharp pain hit. I collapsed and
cried, releasing tears I had held back for months. I could no longer put pressure on my right knee. Gradually, as I
的
recovered, I started running again. To my surprise, I felt a shift, subtle (不易察觉 ) at first. My runs, once fuelled
by pain, became quieter. The road didn’t demand as much from me. A small, barely heard voice inside me said,
“Enough.” I no longer needed to run for the hurt. I had learned to live with it, and to carry the pain without letting it
consume or define me.
I switched to running a half marathon to allow my body to recover and began running alongside friends and
joining women’s running groups. When I crossed the finish line, it wasn’t a release but rather a recognition of the
strength I had always carried. Unstopping. I felt like myself again. It taught me to pause, to ask myself what I run
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司for, and to learn to be kind to the body that carries me every step of the way.
28. What made the author avoid socializing?
A. The need for running. B. The search for freedom.
C. The pursuit of a clear mind. D. The harm from a friend.
29. Why did the author run faster and harder?
A. To ease her suffering. B. To train her muscles.
C. To unlock her potential. D. To fight for a marathon.
30. As for running, how did the author feel after her knee’s injury?
A. Excited. B. Challenged. C. Relieved. D. Disappointed.
31. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Love is a verb. Act it out.
B. Think twice before you move.
C. You hold the seed of your rebirth.
D. Success is built on focus, not fear.
C
A National Institutes of Health (NIH) project that studied over a hundred young people as they grew up during
the 1990s showed that our brains undergo a massive reorganization between our 12th and 25th years. The brain
doesn’t actually grow very much during this period. It has already reached 90 percent of its full size by the time a
person is six. But as we move through adolescence, the brain undergoes extensive remodeling, resembling a
network and wiring upgrade.
Beatriz Luna, professor of University of Pittsburgh, used neuroimaging to study the teen brain. Luna scanned
the brains of children, teens, and twentysomethings while they performed a specific task. They view a screen on
which the red crosshairs at the center occasionally disappear just as a light flashes elsewhere on the screen. The
instructions are to not look at the light and instead to look in the opposite direction. A sensor detects any eye
movement.
Ten-year-olds fail about 45 percent of the time. Teens do much better. What Luna found most interesting,
however, was not those scores. It was the brain scans she took while people took the test. Compared with adults,
teens tended to make less use of brain regions that spot errors, plan, and stay focused — areas the adults seemed to
bring online automatically. This let the adults use a variety of brain resources and better resist distractions, while
the teens used those areas less often and more readily gave in to the impulse to look at the flashing light. This helps
explain why teens behave with such annoying inconsistency: attracting at breakfast, disgusting at dinner; masterful
on Monday, sleepwalking on Saturday.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Meanwhile, take inspiration in one last distinction of the teen brain — a final key to both its awkwardness and
its remarkable adaptability. This is the lasting plasticity of those late-developing frontal areas as they slowly
mature. And at first glance this seems like bad news: If we need these areas for the complex task of entering the
world, why aren’t they running at full speed when the challenges are most discouraging?
The answer is that speed comes at the price of flexibility. According to Douglas Fields, an NIH neuroscientist,
“This means the period when a brain area is getting upgraded is a sort of crucial period of learning — once that’s
done it’s harder to change.”
The long, slow, back-to-front developmental wave, completed only in the mid-20s, appears to be a uniquely
human adaptation. It may be one of our most sequential. It can seem a bit crazy that we humans don’t wise up a bit
earlier in life. But if we smartened up sooner, we’d end up more stupid.
32. What does the underlined word “resembling” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A. Building up. B. Looking like.
C. Breaking down. D. Connecting to.
33. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Be patient and teams can still be smarter.
B. Be focused and we will face the world better.
C. Brains have the tendency to level up when needed.
D. Brains’ processing speed is compromised as they mature.
34. What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To analyse the composition of human brains.
B. To find reason for teens’ inconsistent behaviours.
C. To make a contrast between teen and adult brains.
D. To explain human brains develop at a reasonable pace.
D
Ah, the world Oh, the world — Moby-Dick.
The first scientific study of sperm whales was published in 1835 by a Scottish ship doctor named Thomas
Beale. Beale believed sperm whales to be silent. Herman Melville relied heavily on Beale in composing Moly-
Dick. “The whale has no voice,” Melville wrote. “But then again,” he went on, “what has the whale to say? Seldom
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司have I sperm whale known any profound being that had anything to say to this world, unless forced to speak out
something by way of getting a living.”
The question of whether any species possesses a “communication system” comparable to that of humans is an
open and much debated one. In the 1950s, the behaviorist B. F. Skinner argued that children learn language through
positive reinforcement; therefore, other animals should be able to do the same. The linguist Noam Chomsky had a
different view. He dismissed the notion that kids acquire language via conditioning, and also the possibility that
language was available to other species.
Michael Bronstein, a computer scientist from the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study in Cambridge,
decided to discover the meaning of sperm whales’ codas — quick bursts of clicks produced by the whales— which
they exchange with one another. Thus was born the Cetacean Translation Initiative — Project CETI for short,
which represents the most ambitious, the most technologically advanced, and the most well-funded effort ever
made to communicate with another species.
“One important thing that I think will be an outcome of this project has to do with how we see life on land and
in the oceans,” Bronstein said. “If we understand — or we have evidence, and very clear evidence in the form of
language-like communication — that intelligent creatures are living there and that we are destroying them, that
could change the way that we approach our Earth. If we could understand what they’re saying, instead of ‘save the
whales’ it will be ‘saved by the whales’.”
AI shares this hope. Or at least the AI-powered language model is smart enough to express it. Not long ago,
suffering from writer’s block, I asked an AI chatbot if it could rewrite Moby-Dick from the whale’s perspective.
The AI chatbot wrote:
Deep in the sea, I longed to communicate with the captain, to show him that my kind, too, had emotions and
families to protect. But the language barrier between our worlds remained a gap that cannot be bridged.
And the story ends with a somewhat depressing but not unaffected emotional request:
I, the White Whale, could only wonder if there would ever come a day when man and whale would understand
each other, finding harmony in the vastness of the ocean’s embrace.
35. Why does the author quote Herman Melville?
A. To reveal the possibility of whales’ talking.
B. To present the popularity of whales in literature.
C. To highlight the value of voices in making a living.
D. To prove communication system is unique to humans.
36. What can we learn from this passage?
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. Living in agreement with nature is well underway.
B. The author may believe Skinner more than Chomsky.
C. AI chatbots have a big advantage over humans in writing.
D. CETI was set up to prove other intelligent creatures exist.
37. What does the author intend to tell us?
A. Humans can correct their mistake when they know it.
B. Humans are too stubborn to understand other species.
C. To figure out whether other animals have languages is urgent.
D. We need cross language barriers to get through to other species.
38. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A. Look Ahead: How Are Humans’ Behaviours Affecting the Nature?
.
B Talk to Them: Can We Be Equipped to Speak to Another Species?
C. Think Again: What contribution Will AI Make to Animals’ Survival?
D. Reflect on Ourselves: Are Other Animals Seen as inferior to Humans?
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sometimes it helps to have a “poker face”, an expression on your face that does not show what you are
thinking or feeling. ____39____ Our research shows that moving your face in some way may help people warm to
you more.
To understand why facial expressivity is so beneficial, we first need to emphasise just how crucial social
bonding is to human survival. Throughout most of our evolutionary history, our species has relied on tight-knit
communities to keep ourselves fed, sheltered, and protected from dangerous outsiders. ____40____ Any skill or
behaviour that improved someone’s ability to create and maintain lifesaving bonds was likely to exist in our gene
pool over the generations. And our research suggests that facial expressivity may fall in this category.
____41____ Imagine meeting someone new and trying to figure out how good a fit they might be as a friend,
or a colleague. You might wonder whether you can trust them, and whether you can even begin to understand each
other. Someone who is easier to read may seem to be more appealing than someone who is more guarded. Simply
put, being facially expressive may give others a sense that they understand you, which they like. This in turn
supports the suggestion that the key function of facial expressivity is to make us more predictable.
Furthermore, we found that participants’ level of expressivity didn’t change across situations or with different
social partners. This finding may leave you wondering why some people remain comparatively inexpressive across
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司situations. ____42____ And there could be alternative routes to being an attractive social partner.
Clearly, regardless of how expressive we tend to be overall, we can also make choices about sharing more of
ourselves in certain situations. Being more open and expressive may be scary — leaving people easy to be hurt.
____43____ So for now we think it’s best to leave your poker face at the card table.
,
A. However our work shows that it comes with rewards.
B. Managing social relationships was a matter of life or death.
C. Interestingly, more agreeable people were more facially expressive.
D. For some, the costs of revealing oneself may outweigh the benefits.
E. You might guess that people with cheerful expressions are best liked.
F. Why would facial expressivity improve someone’s ability to build social bonds?
G. Yet, in day-to-day life, when socializing, you’d better let your facial features fly free.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题；第50、51题各2分、第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Every year, as birds make their journeys hundreds — sometimes thousands — of miles across whole
continents, they attract the attention of bird-watchers. People gather along wetlands and shorelines, cold hands
holding their telescopes and excitement growing in their stomachs.
,
For outsiders of bird-watching a bird-watcher is usually someone from an older generation, such as an old
grandma sitting at her feeder looking at different birds. However, according to the National Survey of Fishing,
Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated recreation, there were 4.7 million young bird-watchers in 2016 and 10. 8 million
in 2022.
Why exactly has this rapid growth happened? Technology may be the real gateway these days. Families might
introduce young people to bird-watching, but apps and social media networks are helping them keep up their
commitment to the hobby. Once interested, teenagers find the benefits of bird-watching are truly noticeable: it helps
them get access to the traditional recreation and broadens their understanding of ecosystems.
Teenage bird-watchers are finding their own digital way into a very traditional and meaningful activity. Sadie
Cosby, a 17-year-old senior in Richmond, recognizes the appeal of online bird-watching platforms. She’s even part
of a unique online chat group that sends messages when there is a rare bird in the area. Although Cosby says she
prefers to bird-watch alone and uses it as a way to disconnect, she also enjoys being connected to other bird-
watchers online. “I think because we’re kind of the smartphone generation, it’s easier for us to relate to bird-
watching through all of the platforms,” says Cosby.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Cosby is just a member of a much larger and closely networked community of young bird-watchers. And
though they share much in common with older generations of bird-watchers when it comes to their passion for and
enjoyment of the hobby, they also have a distinct advantage over the elders: being better at using digital tools to
improve their bird-watching experience.
44. For outsiders of bird-watching, what kind of person is usually a bird-watcher?
_____________________________________________________________
45. What are the benefits of bird-watching for teenagers?
_____________________________________________________________
46. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
➢Young bird-watchers share much in common with the elders in terms of their passion for and enjoyment of the
hobby, but the elders hold a clear advantage over the young.
_____________________________________________________________
47. Besides bird-watching, what other hobby would you like to develop in Cosby’s way? And how can you
develop it? (In about 40 words)
_____________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
48. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，你的外国好友Jim正在组织“AI‘复活’有积极影响力的伟大人
物”的活动，他发来邮件邀请你参加。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍你想“复活”的人；
2. 说明你想“复活”他/她的理由。
提示词：复活bring... back to life
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
