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2024 学年第二学期高三第二次模拟考试
英语
（考试时间105分钟, 满分115分。请将答案填涂在答题纸上）
I. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Baby Hippo (河马) in Thailand Gets Official Song for Worldwide Fans
A baby hippo in Thailand became famous earlier this year when zoo workers published images and videos of
her online. Now the pygmy hippo (侏儒河马), named Moo Deng, has an official song and video released
_____1_____ several languages for her fans worldwide.
Moo Deng lives at Khao Kheow Open Zoo, southeast of the Thai capital, Bangkok. Zoo worker Atthapon
Nundee _____2_____ (post) sweet moments of the animal's life for the past few months. During that time, the
hippo has received widespread attention on social media. Fans of the animal have expressed _____3_____ they
enjoy watching the pink-cheeked baby actively interact with her mother and other zoo workers.
Moo Deng — which means “bouncy pork” in Thai — is a kind of meatball. The name, chosen by fans on
的
social media, is similar to _____4_____ of her two brothers: Moo Toon (stewed (炖制 ) pork) and Moo Waan
(sweet pork). Moo Deng’s popularity has spread internationally and she has gained the attention of some
professional sports teams. Fans say her name fits her lively personality. Moo Deng likes to “deng” or bounce, and
her bouncing behavior has led to countless internet memes (表情包).
The widespread publicity led a well-known Thai composer _____5_____ (write) a special song for Moo
Deng. The lively 50-second song, called, naturally, Moodeng, _____6_____ (release) by one of Thailand’s biggest
recording companies. GMM Music last week. A music video _____7_____ goes along with the song shows the
baby hippo bouncing around, playing with her keeper, or spending time with her mother, Jona.
,
Moo Deng is now four months old. Officials estimated the baby hippo has brought in about 3 000 to 5,000
visitors a day on average _____8_____ it became popular online. The zoo has been selling clothes, bedding and
other products based on Moo Deng. The zoo’s director, Narongwit Chodchoi, said the additional earnings from
Moo Deng will help the zoo’s _____9_____ (breed) programs for many endangered animals, like the pygmy
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司hippo, which is threatened by illegal hunting and loss of habitat. Pygmy hippos are native to Wost Africa, but
experts say there are only 2,000-3,000 of them ______10______ (leave) in the wild.
All four versions of the Moo Deng song are available online.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. cultivate B. dependence C. generating D. insufficient E.
learnable
F. predictor G. quitting H. restriction I. underlying J.
widespread
K. wind
The Importance of Willpower
No matter what your goals are in life, willpower is of great importance. Willpower is also of critical
importance for behavioral change. Whether you’re ___11___ a bad habit, trying to get in shape, or struggling
with procrastination (拖延症), you’ll need willpower. Of course, I’m all about using strategies to reduce our
___12___ on willpower, but you cannot remove the need for willpower entirely.
A steady, disciplined use of willpower might seem like a(n) ___13___ of personal freedom, but it is not. If
___14___ willpower leaves you a slave to bad habits and addictions, then you’re not really free. If you can’t gather
the willpower to overcome procrastination and earn a better life for yourself, then you’re not really free. To
___15___ true freedom, you’ll need willpower.
Importantly, research has shown that self-control is ___16___. When researchers teach people with poor self-
control the strategies used by those with high self-control, the poor self-control subjects improve. Willpower is not
fixed; it can be developed through strategy and practice.
People who learn to master willpower become active agents in life, and discover that they are response-able in
every situation. And this applies to their behaviors as well as their emotions. Walter Mischel described self-control
as “the ‘master talent’ ___17___ emotional intelligence, essential for constructing a satisfying life.”
It’s hard to find anyone who says that willpower doesn’t matter. Yet, despite the ___18___ agreement about
how important willpower is, there is very little agreement in the scientific community about how willpower actually
works.
Walter Mischel is the man behind the famous “marshmallow (棉花软糖) test” and the author of a book by the
same name. His research appeared to show that young children with high self-control ___19___ up doing better as
high schoolers and adults, but more recent research has proved this finding wrong, showing that the willpower
levels of young children are not a good ____20____ of later success.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司This makes sense because the prefrontal cortex — the area of the brain responsible for willpower — is poorly
developed in young children and doesn’t finish developing until early adulthood.
II. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,
B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
The daughters, but not the sons, of women who give birth at age 30 or older are more likely to experience
symptoms of depression as young adults, according to research published by the American Psychological
Association.
Tearne, a doctoral student at the University of Western Australia and lead author of the study, and her
colleagues analyzed data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort Study. Pregnant (怀孕的) women were
selected into this study, and provided psychological ___21___ . Their offspring (子女) then underwent
psychological ___22___ at various ages over the next 23 years.
In this study, the researchers ___23___ self-reported levels of various symptoms of depression, anxiety and
stress from 1,200 of the offspring at age 20 and compared them with the age of the mother and father at the time the
children were born. Daughters whose mothers were over age 30 at the time of ___24___ had significantly higher
levels of stress, depression and anxiety compared with daughters whose mothers were under age 30. However, the
fathers' age at that particular time had no effect, and there was no effect found for ___25___ .
While the exact cause of this relationship is not clear, Tearne said she suspects it is not necessarily
___26___ .
“One hypothesis (假设) is that ___27___ may occur in the mother-daughter relationship because of a large
age difference between the two,” said Tearne. “It may be that a 30 or more year age difference between mother and
daughter leads to a significant difference in the ___28___ systems. That may cause ___29___ in the relationship,
leading to stress, worry and sadness in the child, particularly during the transition to young adulthood.”
Another possible ____30____ may be that the women who gave birth over age 30 would be in their 50s at
the time their children were assessed. Therefore, they are more likely to be experiencing health problems associated
with ____31____ . This could also lead to higher levels of ____32____ in the children, Tearne said. Other studies
have suggested that daughters are more affected by their mother’s health problems than sons. This could explain
why the ____33____ only appears in daughters, she said.
“It is important to remember, too, that the study examined symptoms of distress, rather than ____34____
diagnosis,” said Monique Robinson, PhD, of the University of Western Australia, another author of the study. “It
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司could be that the offspring of older mothers are at risk for a few more symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress,
but that does not necessarily mean they will experience a(n) ____35____ mental disorder.”
21. A. association B. adjustment C. support D. information
22. A. consultation B. intervention C. assessment D. treatment
23. A. looked at B. went after C. responded to D. persisted in
24. A. promotion B. graduation C. marriage D. birth
25. A. sons B. mothers C. daughters D. grandchildren
26. A. temporary B. biological C. subjective D. psychological
27. A. transitions B. difficulties C. interactions D. competitions
28. A. value B. blood C. education D. security
29. A. mistakes B. limits C. tensions D. distractions
30. A. exception B. equivalent C. foundation D. explanation
31. A. income B. promotion C. aging D. exercising
32. A. commitment B. symptoms C. expectations D. consciousness
33. A. effect B. struggle C. friction D. imitation
.
34 A. initial B. ultimate C. general D. clinical
35. A. rare B. treatable C. diagnosable D. irreversible
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose
the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
Why, in a world where we technically produce enough food to feed everyone, do millions of people go to bed
hungry each night? The statistics are tragic, and such a contradiction should have no place in our modern world.
The UN’s second sustainability goal, “Zero Hunger,” is an ambitious plan to end hunger in the world by 2030.
However, the global scale of the hunger staggers the imagination, and it’s getting worse. According to World
Vision, as many as 828 million people, or 10% of the global population, are suffering from food insecurity. What
are the driving forces behind this problem of hunger?
Armed conflict is one. It forces people away from their homes, ruins economies and turns millions of people
into refugees (难民) who become reliant on aid and luck for their daily needs. Extreme weather events also drive
world hunger by destroying homes and making farmland unusable. Finally, around 30 percent of the world’s food is
lost or wasted annually. Food loss occurs when food is damaged or spoiled while moving through the supply chain.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Food waste happens when individuals, supermarkets or restaurants buy more food than they need and throw away
the unnecessary.
Despite these terrible facts, World Hunger Day isn’t just about bad news. Founded in 2011 by the Hunger
Project, World Hunger Day is also about celebrating solutions that will eliminate (消除) starvation.
In Africa, the Hunger Project has been working to encourage more sustainable and efficient farming methods.
For example, by diversifying their crops, farmers will have healthier soil. Furthermore, since farmers need access to
safe, clean water, the Hunger Project teaches people how to monitor, maintain and repair water systems. The UN
World Food Programme aids farmers by helping them connect to local economies, improve production methods
and reduce crop losses. And, for children and the weak, they provide special nutrient-rich foods.
So what can you do to help eliminate world hunger? Aside from trying to reduce your food waste, keep
educating yourself and others about the issue. Look for opportunities to feed the hungry in your own communities.
Each step, each choice, and each voice can help make hunger a thing of the past.
36. By “staggers the imagination” in paragraph 2, the author means___________.
A. hungry people are more imaginative B. the seriousness of hunger shocks people
C. “Zero Hunger” is impossible to achieve D. the UN has predicted the scale of hunger
37. Which of the following is one of the causes of hunger according to the passage?
A. Some land becomes unsuitable for farming due to extreme weather.
B. The food supply chain drives people to throw away additional food.
C. Wars force refugees to give up their homes and to destroy farmland.
D. Some areas are unable to produce enough food for lack of labour force.
38. The UN has been dedicated to the elimination of starvation by helping_________.
A. invest in local economies B. develop new seeds for farmers
C. increase the variety of crops D. feed the hungry in communities
39. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. The New Face of Hunger. B. Climate Change and Food Crisis.
C. The March Toward Zero Hunger. D. Hunger: Symptoms, Causes, and Solutions.
（B）
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Travelling by rail holds a romantic and old-fashioned appeal that can't be matched by flying or driving. By taking
the slow route, you get to experience and interact with an area in a completely different way.
1
2
THE ROCKY MOUNTAINEER
EASTERN AND ORIENTAL EXPRESS
Where: Canada, from Vancouver to Banff,
Jasper and Calgary. Where: From Thailand, through Malaysia, to
Singapore.
When: In June, which is springtime in the
Rockies, complete with beautiful flowers and When: April and May, for the least wet
plenty of wildlife. weather.
Duration: Between two and eight days Duration: Trips vary from two to eight days.
travelling only in daylight, staying in
Highlights: You’ll travel through the heart of
luxurious hotels.
Southeast Asia. From golden temples and rice
Highlights: Unmatched views of the Rocky fields to big cities, this luxurious train
Mountains, incredible luxury at every stage of showcases the best of the countries it passes
the trip, traditional native storytelling, wine through.
classes and natural history workshops.
4
3 THE ROYAL SCOTSMAN
THE GHAN Where: Around the Scottish Highlands or all
the way around Great Britain.
Where: Australia, from Adelaide to Darwin
via Alice Springs. When: Warmer weather and up to 20 hours
of daylight in June makes it the perfect time to
When: Going during the wet season
watch birds flying over mirror-like lakes, or
(December, January) will allow you to see
go in October for autumn colours and the
more wildlife and tropical features in the
rather special deer-mating season.
north, though peak season is usually the
winter. Duration: Trips can be as short as two days
or as long as seven.
Duration: Going straight through takes 52
hours. There are get-off points from which Highlights: Possibly the most expensive
you can take tours. train journey in the world. You’ll be treated
like a member of the monarchy (王室).
Highlights: Going through Australia’s Red
Superb cuisine, fine wines and carriages (火
Centre with blue skies, red earth and not much
车客车厢) that look like rooms at Balmoral
else — an unforgettably beautiful and
Castle await those willing to part with a
peaceful experience.
minimum of £2350 per person for a two-night
trip.
40. The above information is mainly aimed at__________.
A. selling some package tour products
B. advising people to travel by rail for business
C. introducing some great railway journeys
D. analyzing the advantages of travelling by train
,
41. Ella who’d like to experience first-rate service and taste excellent food on the train, is most likely to
choose__________.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. The Rocky Mountaineer B. Eastern and Oriental Express
C. The Ghan D. The Royal Scotsman
42. What can be learned about the four routes?
A. One of the routes runs in more than one country.
B. Winter is the recommended season for the Ghan.
C. The Rocky Mountaineer only features natural views.
D. The Royal Scotsman is the shortest of the four routes.
（C）
In the early 1900s, French chemist, Edouard Benedictus, invented shatterproof (防碎的) glass by chance. But
its significance and relevance didn’t emerge until the car market created the problem for which he had already
found the answer.
Such moments of serendipity reveal the unpredictable nature of innovation. Yet, even in cases where chance
plays a role, as in Benedictus’s story, the broader question remains: Are such discoveries truly born of luck, or were
they somehow “in the air,” waiting for the right person to seize them?
Some argue all the discoveries would have been made by other people. They believe if the time was ripe in
conceptual and technological terms, someone would have got there sooner or later. This is the used and abused
understanding of theories that were “in the air”. Independently, Charles Darwin and Alfred R. Wallace (the latter 15
years behind Darwin) arrived at the theory of evolution by natural selection, both counting on similar data. There
existed slight differences in the theory, but the coincidences of thought were astonishing. This phenomenon, which
also exists in biological evolution, is called convergence: two non-closely related species develop similar functional
adaptations. This occurs because the environment poses similar survival problems to both, namely similar selective
pressures. This is an important clue that can help explain why this dynamic also exists in scientific knowledge:
There are similar selective pressures and different research groups that compete to come up with the solutions.
If we analyze the steps undertaken that led to the result, we can see that there were in fact some accidental
elements. The overall dynamic was not accidental, though. Yet is it really possible that all discoveries were in the
air?
Let us assume for a moment that this is true and that the most luck can do is speed up the inevitable. All
scientists arc standing on the shoulders of the giants who have gone before them, and there is objectively a
cumulative (积累的) element in science. Nevertheless, at some point and in the right circumstances, it was the
unknown scientists, not the giants, who managed to see a little farther. The mind of the giant was imprisoned by
prior knowledge and so trapped within the framework of established habits, research questions, and established
methods. The new, little-known scientist, on the other hand, will in one way or another have been able to break free
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司of the chains of established knowledge. And so it will have been possible for them to imagine other worlds. This
suggests that it will be innovators, with their prepared minds, who have a better chance of making accidental
discoveries, namely that are irregular and unexpected.
43. In paragraph 2 “serendipity” refers to __________.
A. accidental invention B. emergence of problems
C. late recognition D. chemical innovation
44. The example of Darwin and Wallace is given to illustrate __________.
A. fierce competition among biological scientists
B. the important role of similar data in intentional research
C. independent but similar solutions under shared pressures
D. limited resources and technological dependency in science
45. What advantage might lesser-known scientists have over established researchers?
A. Access to advanced tools. B. Freedom from rigid mindsets.
C. Stronger peer cooperation. D. Greater funding opportunities.
46. Which statement best reflects the main idea of the passage?
A. All discoveries are inevitable results of technological progress.
.
B Serendipity alone drives groundbreaking scientific achievements.
C. Traditional methods prevent innovation and should be abandoned.
D. Major breakthroughs integrate prepared minds with accidental opportunities.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the
box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you
need.
Global Heating Making Extreme Rain and Disastrous Flooding More Likely
A warming world is transforming some major snowfalls over mountains into extreme rain, worsening both
dangerous flooding as well as long-term water shortages, a new study has found.
Using rain and snow measurements since 1950 and computer simulations (模拟) for future climate, scientists
calculated that for every degree Fahrenheit the world warms, extreme rainfall at higher altitude (海拔) increases by
8.3%, according to a study in Nature.
___47___ And the rain is not conveniently stored away like snowpack that can recharge reservoirs (水库) in
spring and summer. "It is not just a far-off problem that is projected to occur in the future, but the data is actually
telling us that it's already happening and we see that in the data over the past few decades,” said lead author
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司Mohammed Ombadi, a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory climate scientist.
The study looked at only the heaviest rains each year over six decades in the northern half of the Earth, finding
that as altitude rose, so did rainfall. The biggest increase in rains were noticed at about 10,000 feet. That includes
much of the American west, where Ombadi said “it’s very obvious”, as well as parts of the Appalachian Mountains.
___48___
About one in four people on Earth live in an area so close to the mountains or downhill that extreme rain and
flooding would hit them, Ombadi said. ___49___ He mentioned California department of agriculture estimates of
$89m in crop and farm animal losses from this year’s extreme rains.
But in the long term, another problem is water supply. In times of drought, water managers like to keep water
levels high in reservoirs, which they can do with heavy snowpacks because it melts slowly. ___50___ So as
warming causes rainier extremes, society is going to have to choose between cutting water use because of low
water levels in reservoirs to absorb a possible large sudden mountain runoff event or build expensive new
reservoirs.
A. But they can’t do that with heavy rainfall.
B. He pointed out the flooding can also hurt food production.
C. Heavy snow’s flooding impact is lessened because it takes time to melt.
D. Another big hotspot in Asia is the Himalayas, Tian Shan and Hindu Kush mountains, with the Alps also
affected.
E. Heavy rain in mountains causes a lot more problems than big snow, including flooding, landslides, etc., the
study found.
F. These mountainous systems are supplying most of the water, so any decreases in water supply would be pretty
significant in terms of water management.
III. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Keys to Success in This CEO’s Eyes
As founder, chairman and CEO, Ragy Thomas has been successful in leading a company from a mere idea to a
multibillion-dollar software company. So, what are his keys to success? Thomas will tell you it’s not enough to be a
technology visionary. You’ve got to have the leadership skills to match your big ideas.
First, Thomas insists that his approach to life in general is what often sets him apart. “We’re a village of 7
billion people, and where you are is not what makes you happy or controls life, it’s how you approach it.” He says
this big-picture, optimistic mindset enables him to recognize problematic patterns in customer care and find out
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司potential solutions. Thomas’s forward-thinking mindset also has helped him embrace the fact that rapidly
advancing technology opens new doors through which businesses and consumers can interact in a whole new way.
By using technological advances, such as AI, to sift through (筛选) information and integrating multiple channels
of communication into a unified platform, Thomas says, he’s been able to revolutionize customer care.
Thomas says he hates failure but loves the process of learning that comes after failure. When faced with the
topics of success, failure and the many risks involved in starting a business, Thomas says, “I’ve never asked
myself, ‘Why me?’ I’ve always asked myself ‘Why not me?’” By building stronger connections, easier accessibility
and better customer-facing infrastructure (基础设施), he believes that soon every company on the planet will want
his product.
These days, Thomas’s job is less about the daily to-dos and more about setting goals and empowering others to
be successful. He wants to put happiness at the core of what he does, not just with clients but with his own
employees. When speaking about his employees, he says, “It’s important for me that you do well and not just do
great work.”
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the
brackets.
52. 我表姐每次旅行回来, 都会买一些有当地特色的纪念品。（Every time）(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
53. 如今，有些年轻人为了能够自由支配时间， 选择灵活就业。（freedom）(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
54. 毋庸置疑，我们不可过度依赖人工智能，而应善用其作为工具，辅助我们的生活、学习和工作。
（assist）(汉译英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
55. 为抵御台风来袭，志愿者们正顶风冒雨，挨家挨户提醒居民把盆栽搬入室内。（regardless of）(汉译
英)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
V. Guided Writing
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in
Chinese.
假设你是中华中学的学生王欣。近日, 你参观了一个关于中国传统文化的展览, 深受启发。
你决定写一封感谢信给展览主办方, 内容包括:
你参观展览的时间和感受;
展览中你最喜欢的部分及原因;
你对文化传承的看法及感谢。
注: 信中不得透露你的真实信息。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
