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淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
年 月大学英语六级 真题试卷
2012 12 (CET-6)
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and
Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not that the computer will
begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should
writeat least 150wordsbut nomorethan 200words.
Man andComputer
Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
Directions: Inthispart,you willhave15minutestogo overthepassagequicklyandanswerthe
questionsonAnswerSheet1.For questions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefour choicesmarked
A),B),C)andD).Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
InaDigitalAge,StudentsStillClingtoPaperTextbooks
Theytexttheirfriendsalldaylong.Atnight,theydoresearchfortheirtermpapersonlaptopsand
communewiththeirparentsonSkype.ButastheywalkthepathsofHamiltonCollege,a
poster-perfectliberalartsschoolinthisupstatevillage,studentsarestillhaulingaroundbulky,
old-fashionedtextbooks-andlovingit.
"Thescreenwon'tgoblank,"saidFatonBegolli,ajuniorfromBoston."Therecan'tbeavirus.It
wouldn'tbethesamewithoutbooks.They'vedefined'academia'(学术)forathousandyears."
Thoughtheworldofprintisrecedingbeforeatideofdigitalbooks,blogsandotherWebsites,a
generationofcollegestudentsgrowingupwithtechnologyappearstobeholdingfastto
traditionaltextbooks.Thatloyaltycomesataprice.Textbooksareexpensive-ayear'sworthcan
cost$700to$900-andstudents'frustrationswiththeexpense,aswellastheemergenceofnew
technology,haveproducedaperplexingarrayofoptionsforobtainingthem.
InternetretailerslikeAmazonandTextbooks.comaresellingnewandusedbooks.Theyhavebeen
joinedbyseveralWebservicesthatrenttextbookstostudentsbythesemester.Some1500
collegebookstoresarealsoofferingrentalsthisfall,upfrom300lastyear.HereatHamilton,
studentsthisyearhaveanewwaytoavoidthemiddleman:anonprofitWebsite,createdbythe
1/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
college'sEntrepreneurClub,thatletsthemsellusedbooksdirectlytooneanother. 专家授课 权
威讲解 考试必过
Theexplosionofoutletsandformats-includingdigitalbooks,whicharerapidlybecomingmore
sophisticated-hasleftsomestudentsbewildered.Aftercompletingthedifficultjobofcourse
selection,theyareforcedtoweighcostversusconvenience,analyzetheirownstudyhabitsand
guesswhichtextstheywillwantforyearstocomeandwhichtheywillnotmiss.
"Itdependsonthecourse,"saidVictoriaAdesoba,astudentatNewYorkUniversitywhowas
standingoutsidethatschool'sbookstore,apowder-bluebookbagslungoverhershoulder“Last
semester,Irentedforpsychology,anditwascheaper.Butforsomethinglikeorganicchemistry,I
needtokeepthebook.E-textbooksaregood,butit'stemptingtogoonFacebook,anditcan
strainyoureyes."
Forallthetalkthathergenerationisthemosttechnologicallyknowledgeableinhistory,
paper-and-inktextbooksdonotseemdestinedtodisappearanytimesoon
AccordingtotheNationalAssociationofCollegeStores,digitalbooksmakeupjustunder3%of
textbooksales,althoughtheassociationexpectsthatsharetogrowto10-15%by2012asmore
titlesaremadeavailablease-books.
Intworecentstudies-onebytheassociationandanotherbytheStudentPublicInterestResearch
Groups-three-quartersofthestudentssurveyedsaidtheystillpreferredaboundbooktoadigital
version.
Manystudentsarereluctanttogiveuptheabilitytoflipquicklybetweenchapters,writeinthe
marginsandhighlightpassages,althoughnewsoftwareapplicationsarebeginningtoallow
studentstousee-textbooksthatway.
"Studentsgrewuplearningfromprintbooks."saidNicoleAllen.thetextbookscampaigndirector
fortheresearchgroups,"soastheytransitiontohighereducation,it'snotsurprisingthatthey
preferaformatthattheyaremostaccustomedto."
Indeed,manyHamiltonstudentsgrowpassionateabouttheweightyvolumestheystillcarryfrom
dormroomtolecturehalltolibrary,evenastheycompulsively(克制不住地)checktheir
smartphonesfortextmessagesandc-mails.
"Ibelievethatthecodexisoneofmankind'sbestinventions,"saidJonathanPiskor,ajuniorfrom
NorthCarolina,usingtheLatintermforbook.
ThatpassionmaybeonereasonthatBarnes&NobleCollegeBooksellersisworkingsohardto
marketitsnewsoftwareapplication,NOOKstudy,whichallowsstudentstonavigatec-textbooks
onMacsandPCs.Thecompany,whichoperates636campusbookstoresnationwide,introduced
thefreeapplicationlastsummerinhopesofluringmorestudentstobuyitselectronictextbooks.
"Therealobstacleisgettingthemtotryit,"saidTraceyWeber,thecompany'sexecutive
vicepresident.
2/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
Thecompanyisgivingaway"CollegeKick-StartKits"tostudentswhodownloadNOOKstudyinthe
fallsemester,withadozenclassicc-bookslikeTheCanterburyTalesandTheScarletLetter.
CourseSrnartislettingstudentstryanyc-textbookfreefortwoweeks.
Butnoteverytextbookisavailableindigitalorrentalformat.AtHamilton,forinstance,onlyabout
one-fifthofthetitlesaresoldasc-textbooksthisfall.Astrollthroughthecampusstorerevealed
thepricedifference.Abookonconstitutionallaw,forinstance,was$189.85new$142.40used
and$85.45forrent.(Typically,ane-textbookischeaperthanausedbook,thoughmoreexpensive
thanarental.)
Theexpenseofcollegetextbooks,whichisestimatedtohaverisenfourtimestheinflationratein
recentyears,hasbecomesuchaconcernthatsomepoliticiansaretakingupthecause.Lastmonth,
SenatorCharlesE.SchumerofNewYorkurgedmorecollegestorestorentbooks,afterasurveyof
38campusbookstoresinNewYorkCityandonLongIslandbyhisofficefoundthat16didnotoffer
theoption.
OnThursday,studentsatmorethan40collegesnationwideareplanninganAffordableTextbooks
DayofActiontoencouragefacultymemberstoassigntextsthatarelessexpensive,orofferedfree
online.
Fornow,buyingbookstheold-fashionedway-neworused-prevails.CharlesSchmidt,the
spokesmanfortheNationalAssociationofCollegeStores,saidthatifacampusstoresoldanew
bookfor$100,itwouldtypicallybuythebookbackfor$50atsemester'sendandsellittothenext
studentfor$75.
Thebuy-backpriceplunges,however,iftheprofessordropsthebookfromthesyllabusorifthe
bookstorehasboughtenoughbookstomeetdemand.WhenLouisBoguchwal,majoringin
economicsandmath,triedtosella$100linearalgebra(线性代数)textbookbacktothecollege
bookstore,hewasoffered$15.
"Itwasinsulting,"hesaid."Theygiveyounexttonothing."
Thus,thecreationofHamilton'snewnonprofitWebsite,getmytextbooks.org.Sofar,traffichas
beenlight:onlyabout70bookshavebeensoldthisfall.ButJasonMariasis,presidentofthe
EntrepreneurClub,saidheexpectedsalestopickupaswordspread.
Mr.Begolli.amemberoftheclub,recentlysoldthreeGermannovelsfor$17onthesite."IfIhad
soldthembacktothebookstore,Iwouldhavegotten$7or$8,"hesaid."Thebookstoreisking
whenitcomestotextbooksales.Wefeltthereshouldbesomethingforstudents,bystudents."
Yetsomestudentshavetogoitalone.RosemaryRocha,anN.Y.U.studentpursuingadegreein
hospitalityandtourismmanagement,addedupherrequiredreadingforthesemester:$600."It's
harsh,"shesaid."I'mcurrentlycollectingunemployment,sothat'snotgoingtohappen."
Instead,shewaitstoborrowthefewcopiesherprofessorsleaveonreserveatthelibrary,orrelies
onthekindnessofclassmates."Myfriendswillletmeborrowtheirbooksinexchangeforcoffee
orasliceofpizza,"shesaid."Iveryseldombuythetextbooks,butI'malwayslikeachicken
withoutahead."
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。
1.Howdostudentsviewpapertextbooksinthisdigitalage?
3/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
A)Theyareindispensabletowritingtermpapers.
B)Theyplayanirreplaceableroleintheirstudy.
C)Theyareinferiortoc-booksinmanyways.
D)Theywillbereplacedbyc-bookssomeday.
2.Inwhatwayareprintedbooksfrustratingtostudents?
A)Theyaretooheavytocarry.C)Theycosttoomuchmoney.
C)Theytakeuptoomuchspace.D)Theyoftengooutofprint.
3.WhatcanstudentsdowiththecreationofthenonprofitWebsiteatHamilton?
A)Theycanrentnewbooksforanominalfee.
B)Theycanbuybooks,bothusedandnew,atalowerprice.
C)Theycanreadonlinebypayingasmallfee.
D)Theycansellbookstoeachotherwithoutamiddleman
4.WhatcanwelearnabouttextbooksfromVictoriaAdesoba'scase?
A)Printedtextbookswillnotdisappearanytimesoon.
B)Theircostisstudents'chiefconsideration
C)E-booksarethefirstchoiceoflow-incomestudents.
D)Sciencestudentspreferprintedtextbooks.
5.Whydomoststudentsstillpreferthetraditionalpaper-and-inktextbooks?
A)Theycanformgoodlearninghabitswithprintedtextbooks.
B)Theyhavebeenusedtotheirformateversincechildhood.
C)Theycanprotecttheireyesightusingprintedtextbooks.
D)Theyarepassionateabouttheirphysicalpresence.
6.WhatdoesTraceyWeberthinkisthebestwaytoexpandc-textbooksales?
A)Invitestudentstotryc-bookapplicationsforfree.
B)Updatec-booksoftwaretomeetstudents'needs.
C)Openmorec-bookstoresonuniversitycampuses.
D)Makethepriceofe-textbooksmoreattractive.
7.Tocombatthesoaringpriceoftextbooks,SenatorCharlesE.Schumersuggeststhat__________.
A)publishersoffermoretextbooksonline
B)collegestoresrentbookstostudents
C)collegestoresrentbookstostudents
D)studentsbuycheaperusedbooks
4/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
8.LouisBoguchwalthoughtthemoneyhewasofferedforhislinearalgebratextbookwas
________________________________.
9.DespitethelighttrafficonHamilton'snonprofitWebsite,JasonMariasiswasconfidentthatits
bookbusinesswould________________________________.
10.Livingonunemploymentbenefits.RosemaryRochacannotbutborrowtextbooks
from________________________________.
Part III Listening Comprehension （35 minutes）
SectionA
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end
of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both
the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After eachquestion there
will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）,
C）and D）, and decidewhich isthebest answer. Thenmarkthe corresponding letter
onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
11.A)Shecancountonthemanforhelp.C)Shecanlendthemanasleepingbag.
B)Shehasotherplansforthisweekend.D)Shehasgotcampinggearforrent.
12.A)Themanshouldkeephiswords.C)Karenalwayssupportsheratwork.
B)Sheregretsaskingthemanforhelp.D)Karencantakehertotheairport
13.A)Hecan'taffordtogotravelingyet.C)Heusuallycheckshisbrakesbeforeatrip
B)HistriptoHawaiiwasnotenjoyable.D)HistriptoHawaiihasusedupallhismoney.
14.A)Therewasnothingleftexceptsomepie.C)Thewomanisgoingtopreparethedinner.
B)Themanhastofindsomethingelsetoeat.D)Juliehasbeeninvitedfordinner.
15.A)Submitnomorethanthreeletters.C)Applytothreegraduateschools.
B)Presentanewletterofreference.D)SendProfessorSmithaletter.
16.A)Hedeclinestojointhegardeningclub.
B)Heisaprofessionalgardenerintown.
C)Hepreferstokeephisgardeningskillstohimself.
D)Hewishestoreceiveformaltrainingingardening.
17.A)Sculptureisnotatypicalformofmodernart.
B)Modernartcannotexpresspeople'struefeelings.
C)Therecentsculptureexhibitwasnotwellorganized.
D)Manypeopledonotappreciatemodernart.
5/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
18.A)Bobdoesnothavemuchchancetowin.C)Bobcannotcountonhervote.
B)Shewillvoteforanothercandidate.D)Sheknowstherightpersonfortheposition
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.A)Poormanagementofthehospital.C)Decisionsmadebytheheadtechnician.
B)Thehealthhazardatherworkplace.D)Theoutdatedmedicaltestingprocedures.
20.A)Transferhertoanotherdepartment.C)Cutdownherworkload.
B)RepairtheX-rayequipment.D)Allowhertogoonleavefortwomonths.
21.A)Theyarevirtuallyimpossibletoenforce.C)Bothofthemhavebeensubjecttocriticism.
B)Neitherisapplicabletothewoman'scase.D)Theirrequirementsmaybedifficulttomeet.
22.A)Organizeamassstrike.C)Trytohelphergetitback.
B)Compensateforherloss.D)Findherabetterpayingjob.
Questions23to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
23.A)Ingivingconcessions.C)Instatingyourterms.
B)Intheconcludingpart.D)Inthepreparatoryphase.
24.A)Hebehavesinawaycontrarytohisrealintention.
B)Hepresentshisargumentsinastraightforwardway.
C)Herespondsreadilytotheotherparty'sproposals.
D)Heuseslotsofgesturestohelpmakehispointsclear.
25.A)Bothmayfailwhenconfrontingexperiencedrivals.
B)Thehonesttypeismoreeffectivethantheactortype.
C)Bothcansucceeddependingonthespecificsituation.
D)Theactortypeworksbetterintoughnegotiations.
SectionB
Directions: Inthis section, youwill hear3 short passages.Atthe endof eachpassage, youwill hear
some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single
linethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
6/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
Questions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
26.A)Theshapeofthecubesused.C)Thenumberoftimesofrepeatingtheprocess.
B)Thesizeoftheobjectsshown.D)Theweightoftheboxesmovingacrossthestage.
27.A)Boysenjoyplayingwithcubesmorethangirls.
B)Girlstendtogetexcitedmoreeasilythanboys.
C)Girlsseemtostartreasoningearlierthanboys.
D)Boyspaymoreattentiontomovingobjectsthangirls.
28.A)Itisabreakthroughinthestudyofthenervesystem.
B)Itmaystimulatescientiststomakefurtherstudies.
C)Itsresulthelpsunderstandbabies'languageability.
D)Itsfindingsarequitecontrarytopreviousresearch.
29.A)Thetwosidesoftheirbraindevelopsimultaneously.C)Theirbonesmatureearlier.
B)Theyarebetterabletoadapttothesurroundings.D)Theytalkatanearlierage.
PassageTwo
Questions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
30.A)Thenewsecurityplanforthemunicipalbuilding.
B)Theblueprintforthedevelopmentofthecity.
C)Thecontroversyoverthenewofficeregulations.
D)Thecity'sgeneralbudgetforthecomingyear.
31.A)Whetherthesecuritycheckswerereallynecessary.
B)Howtocopewiththehugecrowdsofvisitorstothemunicipalbuilding
C)Whetherthesecuritycheckswouldcreatelongqueuesatpeakhours.
D)Howtotrainthenewlyrecruitedsecurityguards.
32.A)Irrelevant.B)Straightforward.C)Ridiculous.D)Confrontational.
PassageThree
Questions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
33.A)HeusedtoworkasaminerinNevada.C)Heconsidershimselfablessedman.
B)Heworkshardtosupporthisfivekids.D)Heoncetaughtatalocalhighschool
7/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
34.A)TobenearertoZac'sschool.C)Tocuttheirlivingexpenses.
B)Tolookafterhergrandchildren.D)Tohelpwiththehouseholdchores.
35.A)Skeptical.B)Optimistic.C)Indifferent.D)Realistic.
SectionC
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the
first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for
the second time,youare required tofillin theblanks numbered from36to43withthe
exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required
to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words
you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when
thepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.
Mountain climbing isbecoming popularsport, but it isalso a (36)_______dangerous one. People
can fall; they may also become ill. One of the most common dangers to climbers is altitude sickness,
which can affect even very (37)_______climbers. Altitudesickness usually begins when aclimber
goes above 8000or9000feet. The higherone climbs, theless oxygen there isin theair. When
people don't get enough oxygen, they often begin to(38) _______forair. They may alsofeel (39)
_______and light-headed. Besides these symptoms ofaltitudesickness, others suchas headache and
(40) _______may also occur. At heights ofover 18000feet, peoplemay be climbingin a (41)
_______daze（恍惚）.This state ofmindcan have an (42) _______effect ontheir judgment.
A few (43)_______can help mostclimbers avoidaltitudesickness. The firstis notto go toohigh
too fast. If you climb to 10000feet, stay at that height foraday ortwo. (44) _______.Orif you do
climb highersooner, come back down toa lower height when you sleep. Also,drink plenty of
liquids and avoid tobacco and alcohol. (45)_______.You breathe less when you sleep, so you get
less oxygen. Themost importantwarning is this:ifyou have severe symptoms and they don't go
away, go down! (46)_______.
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） （25 minutes）
SectionA
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements.
Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in
thefewestpossiblewords.PleasewriteyouranswersonAnswerSheet2.
Questions47to51arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Americacontinuestogetfatter,accordingtoanewreportonthenation'sweightcrisis.Statistics
for2008-2010showthat16statesareexperiencingsteepincreasesinadultobesity,andnonehas
seenanotabledownturninthelastfouryears.
8/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
EvenColoradans,longthenation'sslimmestcitizens,aregainingexcesspounds.Withanobese
populationof19.8%,itistheonlystatewithanadultobesityratebelow20%.Butinjustthelast
fouryears,theranksoftheobeseeveninColoradohavegrown0.7%.
Gettingoutoftheproblemwillnotbesimple,saidJeffreyLevi,executivedirectoroftheTrustfor
America'sHealth.Thereportemphasizedtheneedforarangeofmeasures,includingboosting
physicalactivityinschools,encouragingadultstogetoutandexercise,broadeningaccessto
affordablehealthyfoodsandusing"pricingstrategies"toencourageAmericanstomakebetter
foodchoices.
"Untilthegovernmenttakesonthefoodindustry,we'llcontinuetoseetheappallingnumbersin
thisreport,"saidKellyBrownell,directorofYaleUniversity'sRuddCenterforFoodPolicyand
Obesity."Governmentcouldstartbychangingagriculturalsubsidies,bynotmakingitfinancially
attractiveforcompaniestomarketunhealthyfoods,byplacingseriousrestrictionsonmarketing
tochildren,andwithfinancialpoliciesthatmakehealthyfoodscostlessandunhealthyfoodscost
more."
About30yearsaftertheUnitedStatesstartedseeingasteepriseintheweightofchildrenand
adults,theillnessesmostcloselylinkedtoobesityhavebegunadramaticupturn.Diabete(糖尿
病)ratesin12stateshavejumpedsignificantly,nowaffectingasmanyas12.2%ofadultsin
Alabama--thestatewiththehighestobesityrates.
Obesityremainsaconditiondisproportionatelyaffectingthosewithpooreducationandlow
income,andcloselytiedtominoritystatus.AmongAfricanAmericanadults,obesitytopped40/a
in15states.AmongLatinos,ittopped30%in23states.
Incontrast,amongwhiteadults,obesityrateswerehigherthan3O%inonlyfourstates,andinno
statetopped32.1%.Nearlyathirdofhighschooldropoutsareobese,comparedwith21.5%of
thosewhograduatedfromcollegeortechnicalschool.
Forchildren,thepicturefromthereportisslightlybetter,saidDr.FrancineKaufman,anobesity
specialistatChildren'sHospitalLosAngeles."Childrenareforthemostpartholdingsteady."she
said.
Kaufmanaddedthatthereport'sclearmessage-thatobesitytakesitsgreatesttollinlow-income
andminoritycommunities-underscoresthat"assistanceprogramsaredefinitelyrequired"tohelp
thosepopulations.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。
47.Comparedwithpeopleinotherstates.Coloradanshavelongbeenconsideredrelatively____.
48.ThenewreportadvisesencouragingAmericanstobuyhealthyfoodsbyadopting____.
49.Tocurbtheincreasingobesityrate,thegovernmentshouldfirstofalladjustits____.
50.WhathashappenedintheUSshowsthatthereis____betweendiabetesandobesity.
51.WhoaremostaffectedbyobesityintheUnitedStatesaccordingtoFrancineKaufman?
SectionB
9/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or
unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）and
D）. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter
onAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Is20th-centurycapitalismfailing21st-centurysociety?Membersoftheglobalelitedebatedthat
unusualquestionattheannualWorldEconomicForum
Itisencouragingthatmorethanthreeyearssincetheglobalfinancialcrisis,abelated(迟到的)
processofsoul-searchinghasbeguninsearchoftherightlessonstolearnfromit.
Thereisagreatdifference,however,betweenbeingwillingtotalkaboutanissueandbeingready
toact.
Itisadifferencebetweenthosewhostillbelievethatallgovernmentscandoisgetoutoftheway
andthosewhobelievethereisarealroleforgovernmentsinfirstrevivingoureconomies,and
thensettingtherightrulesforfuturesuccess.
Ifwelearnedanythingfromthe1930s,itwasthatgovernmentscannotshrugtheirshouldersand
watchastheirownpeoplearebeinglaidoff.
Norshouldweforgetthecausesofthecurrentgrowthanddebtcrisisasweseektoputour
economiesonamoresustainablefooting
BoththeUnitedStatesandBritainsufferedbecausetheireconomieswereoverlyreliantonthe
financialsector'sartificialprofits;livingstandardsforthemanyworsenedwhiletheeconomic
rewardswenttothetop1percent;acapitalistmodelencouragedshort-termdecision-making
orientedtowardquarterlyprofitsratherthanlong-termhealth;andinterestgroupslikegiant
banksweredeemedtoobigtofailortoopowerfultochallenge.Weneedtorecognizethatthe
trickle-downpromise(benefitsgiventotherichwilleventuallybepassedontothepoor)of
conservativetheoristshasturnedintoagravity-defyingrealityinwhichwealthhasflowedupward
disproportionatelyand.toooften,undeservedly.Toaddresstheproblemrequiresfreshthinking
fromgovernmentsabouthowpeopletrainfortheirworkinglivesandwhatalivingwageshouldbe
Governmentscansetbetter-notnecessarilymore-rulestoencourageproductivebusinessesthat
makeandsellrealproductsandservices.Weneedrulesthatdiscouragethepredatory(掠夺的)
behaviorofthoseseekingthefastbuckthroughhostiletakeoversandasset-strippingthatdonot
havetheinterestsoftheshareholders,theemployeesortheeconomyatheart.Andgovernments
mustremembertheyareelectedtoservethepeople,notthepowerfullobbieswhocanpayfor
accessorinfluence.Toooftentherealenemiesofmarketcapitalismaresomeoftheleading
beneficiariesofthecurrentmodel,whichfavorsbigmonopoliesandconsumerexploitation.I
believethatchangingtherulesofcapitalismwillrequireachangeinwhatcitizensexpectandask
ofpolitics.Thequestionisnotsomuchwhether20th-centurycapitalismisfailing21st-century
societybutwhetherpoliticscanrisetothechallengeofchangingaflawedeconomicmodel.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。
10/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
52.Whatimportantlessoncouldbedrawnfromthe1930s?
A)Thegovernmentshouldplayaroleinrevivingtheeconomy.
B)Thegovernmentshouldprovidesubsidiesfortheunemployed.
C)Thegovernmentshouldnotignoretheroleofeconomistsinthenation'seconomy.
D)ThegovernmentshouldnotbrushasideideasfromtheWorldEconomicForum.
53.WhatisoneofthefactorscontributingtotherecentfinancialcrisisintheUnitedStatesand
Britain?
A)Theirbusinessgiants'neglectofattendingtolong-termplanning.
B)Theirgovernments'unnecessaryinterventionineconomicaffairs.
C)Theirgovernmentsfailingtoprovideassistanceforthepoorandneedy.
D)Theireconomiesrelyingheavilyontheoperationsofthefinancialsector.
54.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouttheso-calledtrickle-downpromise?
A)Itdefiesconventionalwisdom.
B)Ithasfailedtomaterialize.
C)Itwillbenefitboththerichandthepooroncerealized.
D)Itwillprovefataltocapitalisteconomyoncebroken.
55.Whatrulesdoestheauthorsaygovernmentsshouldsettoguaranteesustainableeconomic
development?
A)Rulesthathelpbusinessestoexpandfastbutinahealthyway.
B)Rulesthatdiscouragebusinessesfrommakingquickmoney.
C)Rulesthatencouragebusinessestomakeandsellrealproductsandservices.
D)Rulesthatensuretheincreaseofshareholders'dividendsandemployees'pay.
56.Whatshouldthegovernmentdoaboutthecurrenteconomyaccordingtotheauthor?
A)Eliminatetherealenemiesofmarketcapitalism.
B)Undertaketorepairtheflawsintheeconomicmodel.
C)Preventthelobbiesfromexertingtoomuchinfluence.
D)Diminishtherolepoliticsplaysinnationaleconomy.
PassageTwo
Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Womenarehalfthepopulationbutonly15%ofboardmembersatbigAmericanfirms,andl0%in
Europe.Companiesthatfishinonlyhalfthetalentpoolwillloseouttothosethatcasttheirnet
morewidely.Thereisalsoevidencethatmixedboardsmakebetterdecisions.
11/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
Mindfulofthis,Europeancountriesarepassinglawsthatwouldforcecompaniestopromotemore
womentotheexecutivesuite.AnewFrenchlawrequireslistedfirmstoreserve40%ofboard
seatsforwomenby2017.NorwayandSpainhavesimilarlaws;Germanyisconsideringone.The
EuropeanParliamentdeclaredthismonththatsuchquotasshouldbeappliedthroughoutthe
EuropeanUnion.
Therearetwomainargumentsforcompulsoryquotas.Oneisthatthemenwhodominate
corporateboardsarehopelesslysexist:theypromotepeoplelikethemselvesandignoreany
femaletalent.
Thesecondargumentismoresubtle.Talentedexecutivesneedmentors(导师)tohelpthemclimb
theladder.Maledirectorsmentoryoungmenbutarereluctanttogetfriendlywithyoungwomen,
lesttherelationshipbemisinterpreted.Quotaswillbreakthisviciouscyclebyputtinglotsof
womenatthetop,whocanthenoffertheirsistersalegup.
Theremaybesomethinginbotharguments,butinmostrichcountriessexismisnolongerthe
mainobstacletowomen'scareers.Childrenare.Mostwomentakecareerbreakstolookafter
them.Manycareforelderlyrelatives,too.Onestudyfoundthattwo-thirdsofAmericanwomen
hadatsomepointswitchedfromfull-timeworktopart-timeorflexibletimetobalanceworkand
family.Suchchoicesmakeitharderforwomentogaintheexperiencenecessarytomakeittothe
verytop.
Whatismore,bigcompaniesareincreasinglyglobal.Manywantabosswhohasworkedinmore
thanonecountry.Suchforeignpostingsdisruptfamilies;manywomenturnthemdown.Andmany,
anticipatingacareerbreakatsomepointinthefuture,enterfieldswheretheirskillswillnot
quicklybecomeoutdated,suchaslaworhumanresources.Somelawyersmakegoodchief
executives.Butfirmsoftenwantpeoplewithfinancialoroperationalexperienceforthetopjobs,
andthesefieldsarestillmale-dominated.
Quotasaretoobluntatoolforsuchatangledproblem.Thewomencompaniesarecompelledto
putonboardsareunlikelytobeasusefulasthosetheyplacetherevoluntarily.Quotasforcefirms
eithertopadtheirboardswithtokennon-executivedirectors,ortoallocaterealpoweronthe
basisofsexratherthanmerit.Enforcingquotasforwomenhasledtolargenumbersof
inexperiencedwomenbeingappointedtoboards,andseriouslydamagedthosefirms'
performance.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57.Whatwillhappentoacompanyifmendominateitsexecutiveboard?
A)Itstalentpoo1willdryoutsooner.C)Itswomenemployeeswillcomplain.
B)Itscompetitivenesswillbeweakened.D)Itisboundtomakeunwisedecisions.
58.Whatseemstopreventwomenfrombecomingboardmembersapartfromsexism?
A)Manyofthemlackthecouragetofacethechallengeintheboardroom.
B)Maledirectorsareafraidofwomen'spotentialthreattotheirauthority.
C)Fewofthemhavethetrainingandqualificationsneededforexecutiveduties.
D)Maledirectorsrefrainfromgivingthemguidancetoavoidmisunderstanding.
12/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
59.Whatdoestheauthorsayistherealbarriertowomen'scareers?
A)Anapparentlackofnecessarylegislation.C)Theburdenoftakingcareoftheirfamily.
B)Fiercecompetitionfrommalecolleagues.D)Thewidespreadsexismintheworkplace.
60.Whydomanywomenchoosetoentersuchfieldsaslaworhumanresources?
A)Theyallowwomencareerbreaksifneedbe.
B)Theycanbringawoman'stalentintofullplay.
C)Theyofferhighsalariesandattractivebenefits.
D)TheypavethewayforwomentobecomeCEOs.
61.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthepracticeofenforcingquotasforwomenexecutives?
A)Itisasimplesolutiontoatangledproblem.C)Ithelpsfilltheexecutiveboardwithtalents.
B)Itisaneffectivetooltocombatsexism.D)Itadverselyaffectsafirm'sperformance.
Part V Cloze （15 minutes）
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices
markedA）,B）,C）andD）ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONE
that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet
2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
Americanpresidentsseemtoagebeforeoureyes.Butcommonbeliefthathigh-officestressgrays
ourleadersfasterthan___62___maybeamyth,newresearchfinds.Infact,themajorityof
Americanpresidentshavelivedlongerthan___63___menoftheirtimes.
That'snotto___64___thatchronicstresshasnoeffectonaperson'slifespan,but__65__does
highsocialstanding.Thefindings___66___toabodyofresearchlinkinghighstatustobetter
health:___67___,Oscarwinnerslivelongerthanthosewhowereonly___68___;andthelongevity
(长寿)effectisalsoseeninNobelPrizewinners.Thenewstudy,whichwaspublishedinthe
JournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation___69___thedatesofbirth,inaugurationanddeath
ofall34pastpresidentswhodiedofnaturalcauses.The___70___lifespanforthesemenshould
havebeen68years，___71___they'dagedtwiceasfastduringtheiryearsin___72___asthe
popularwisdomsuggeststheydo.___73___,thestudyfound,thesepresidentslivedanaverage
73years.Andindeed,23ofthe34presidentswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedlonger
than___74___,comparedwithothermentheirageduringtheirlifetimes.Some
presidents___75___anexceptionallylongtime:GeraldForddiedat93.5years,andRonald
Reaganat93.3.All___76___livingpresidentshavealreadyexceededtheirlife___77___，orare
likelytodoso.Sowhydopeople___78___thetopofthehierarchyfarebetterthanthosebelow?
___69___towealth,educationandthebesthealthcareoftheirtimeswouldseemtobeobvious
factors___80___medicalattentionseemstohaveactuallykilledPresidentGarfield,whodiedfrom
afatal___81___introducedbyhisdoctors'unsterile(未消过毒的)treatmenttechniquesafterhe
wasshotbyanassassin.
13/14淘宝店铺：行知小课堂
62.A)usualB)regularC)typicalD)standard
63.A)similarB)popularC)typicalD)standard
64.A)tellB)sayC)utterD)exclaim
65.A)elseB)ratherC)soD)thus
66.A)tendB)pointC)devoteD)add
67.A)forinstanceB)bycontrastC)inessenceD)aboveall
68.A)formulatedB)nominatedC)engagedD)specified
69.A)signifiedB)regulatedC)testifiedD)analyzed
70.A)ultimateB)averageC)appropriateD)maximum
71.A)ifB)lestC)forD)until
72.A)dutyB)placeC)officeD)force
73.A)InsteadB)ThereforeC)HenceD)Meanwhile
74.A)suspectedB)expectedC)identifiedD)confirmed
75.A)survivedB)coveredC)lastedD)extended
76.A)persistentlyB)virtuallyC)formallyD)currently
77.A)ceilingB)extentC)boundaryD)expectancy
78.A)aboveB)byC)atD)over
79.A)AppealB)AccessC)EntranceD)Channel
80.A)unlessB)becauseC)althoughD)since
81.A)syndromeB)diagnosisC)prescriptionD)infection
Part VI Translation (5 minutes)
Directions:Completethesentencesbytranslating intoEnglishtheChinese giveninbrackets.Please
writeyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2
82.Throughyearsofhardwork,they_________________(已经把那片荒地变成了肥沃的农田).
83.ItwaslongsinceIlastsawher,andifshehadnotgreetedmefirst_____(我几乎认不出她来)
84.Ourdefenseatthecourthearingfinally__________________(使法官确信我们是清白的).
85.____________________________(你可以放心)wewillfulfillourtaskaheadoftime.
86.Manshouldliveinharmonywithnature,and_______________(试图征服它是不明智的).
14/14
