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2015 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题(三)答案与详解
Part Ⅰ Writing
审题思路
这是一篇四级考试中常见的图画作文。图片中展现的是一个女孩告诉妈妈她考入了妈妈心中理想的学
校， 其寓意是揭露现如今的家长为孩子做重大决定的普遍现象。
写作提纲
一、描述图片：描述图片：女孩考人了妈妈心中的理想大学(was accepted to the college of your choice).
二、分析现象：1、家长为孩子做决定的普遍性（It is such a common thing nowadays that parents make a lot of
decisions for their children...)
2、诸多原因（a wiser choice, only child, unfulfilled dreams)
三、提出建议：l、年轻人应该自己做决定(make decisions by themselves )
2、成为自己命运的主人（to be master of their own fate)
范文点评
高分范文 精彩点评
Being Master of Your Own Fate
① ②描述图片内容:女孩实现了妈妈的理想。通过
① As is vividly depicted in the picture, a young girl is
ironically—词指出图片的讽刺意味。
telling her mother, “Good news, I was accepted to the college of
1. ③指出这一现象的普遍性，实现了从图片描述到现象
your choice. ” ② But ironically，the three words “ of your choice ”
分析的转折。
reveal the truth that the dream which has just come true does not
④指出有诸多原因导致这一现象。
belong to the girl at all.
⑤⑥⑦一一列举产生该现象的原因。
③ It is such a common thing nowadays that parents make a
⑦⑧⑨对全文进行总结，并向青少年提出倡议：自
lot of decisions for their children，even at the major turning points
己做决定，做自己命运的主人。
of their life, including choosing colleges and majors, hunting for a
job or getting married. ④ Several reasons account for this
加分亮点
phenomenon. ⑤ First of all, parents always think that they are
vividly生动地
able to make a wiser choice than teenagers .⑥ Also，they attach
too much attention to their only child in the family.⑦ Whafs more, ironically 讽刺地
it seems to be the only way to realize their unfulfilled dreams by turning points 转折点
letting their children do things that they want them to. phenomenon 现象
⑧ For teenagers, there is a long way to go in their life. They unfulfilled未实现的
will finally make decisions by themselves. ⑨ To be master of their
own fate is a great step in their growth.
1全文翻译
做自己命运的主人
正如图片中生动描绘的那样，一个女孩正在告诉她的妈妈：“好消息，我被你选择的大学录取了。”
但讽刺的是，“你选择的”这几个字揭露了一个事实，那就是这个刚刚被实现的梦想并不属于这个女孩。
现如今的一个普遍现象是父母为孩子做很多决定，甚至在他们人生的重大转折点，包括选择大学和专
业、找工作或是结婚。很多原因可以解释这一现象。首先，父母总是认为他们可以比孩子做出更明智的决
定。而且，对于家里的独生子女，父母给予了太多的关注。此外，父母让孩子做他们想让孩子做的事情，
好像这是实现他们自己未实现的梦想的唯一途径。
对青少年来说，人生道路很漫长。他们最终要自己做决定。而成为自己命运的主人是成长过程中的一
大步。
PartⅡ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1.听力原文：W: What are you doing in here, sir? Didn’t you see the “Private” sign over there?
M： I’m sorry. I didn’t notice it when I came in. I’m looking for the manager’s office.
Q ： What do we learn from the conversation?
1. A) The woman is the manager’s secretary. C)The man is the manager’s business associate.
B) The man found himself in a wrong place. D) The woman was putting up a sign on the wall.
【预测】四个选项都是描述男士或女士情况的句子，且提到了 manager, secretary, wrong place,business
associate, putting up a sign on the wall等，因此推测本题考查的内容与谈话人的身份或活动的 况 有 关 。
【精析】B。解对话中，女士质问男士来这里干什么，并责问他难道没有看到那边“私人地方”的标志;
男士表示歉意，解释说进来时没有注意到，他正在寻找经理办公室。由此可见，男士走错地方了，故答案
为B)。
2. W： Mike, whafs the problem? YouVe known for months the report is due today.
M： I know, but Fm afraid I need anQther few days. The data is hard to interpret than I expected.
Q ： What does the man mean?
2. A) He needs more time for the report. C) He is sorry not to have helped the woman.
B) He needs help to interpret the data. D) He does not have sufficient data to go on.
【预测】四个选项都以He为主语，且出现了report，help, data等，因此推测本题考查的内容与男士处理报
告中的数据有关。
【精析】A)。对话中，女士质问男士怎么回事，他好几个月前就知道今天该交报告了；男士承认自己知道，
但是恐怕还需要几天时间，因为阐述数据比他预想的要难。由此可见,男士认为他还需要更多的时间来完成
报告，故答案为A)。
3.听力原文：W： Excuse me, Tony. Has my parcel from New York arrived?
M ： Unfortunately, ifs been delayed due to the bad weather.
Q ： What is the woman waiting for?
3. A) A friend from New York. C) A postal delivery.
B) A message from Tony. D) A change in the weather.
【预测】四个选项均为名词短语，且出现了 message, postal delivery, weather等，因此推断本题考查的内容
与信息或邮件的运送以及天气有关。
【精析】C)。对话中,女士询问男士，她的来自纽约的包裹是否已经寄到；男士说很不幸，因为天气不好，
包裹被延误了。由此可见，女士正在等待从纽约寄过来的包裹。C)中的 postal delivery的意思为“邮政投
递”，结合对话中提到的parcel"包裹”，故答案为C)。4.听力原文：W ： Pam said we won’t have the psychology test until the end of next week.
M： Ellen, you should know better than to take Pam’s words for anything.
Q ： What does the man imply about Pam?
4. A) She is not available until the end of next week.
B) She is not a reliable source of information.
C) She does not like taking exams.
D) She does not like psychology.
【预测】四个选项的主语均是she,且出现了 available, reliable, taking exams, psychology等，因此推测本题
考查有关女士参加心理学考试的情况。
【精析】B)。详解对话中，女士告诉男士,帕姆说他们下周末才会考心理学；男士认为女士应该知道不必把
帕姆的话当真。本题侧重考查短语know better than to do,意思为“知道不应该…”。由此可见，男士认为帕
姆提供的信息并不可靠，故答案为B)。
5.听力原文：W： Tom, would you please watch my suitcase for a minute? I need to go make a quick phone call.
M： Yeah, sure. Take your time. Our train doesn’t leave for another twenty minutes.
Q ： What does the man mean?
5. A) He will help the woman carry the suitcase.
B) The woman’s watch is twenty minutes fast.
C) The woman shouldn’t make such a big fuss.
D) There is no need for the woman to be in a hurry.
【预测】四个选项中有三个关于女士的情况，而且后两个选项都是关于女士不应该或者不需要做某事，因
此推测本题考查女士不应该做的事情。
【精析】D)。对话中,女士请男士帮她照看一会儿手提箱，因为她需要去打个简短的电话；男士说没问题，
并告诉女士不要着急，火车二十分钟后才开。由此可见，男士的意思是女士不用着急，故答案为D)。
6.听力原文：M： Frankly, Mary is not what Fd call easy-going.
W ： I see. People in our neighborhood find it hard to believe she’s my twin sister.
Q ： What does the woman imply?
6. A) Mary is not so easygoing as her. C) She finds it hard to get along with Mary.
B) Mary and she have a lot in common. D)She does not believe what her neighbors said.
【预测】四个选项中提到了 easygoing, have a lot in common, get along with等，因此推断本题考查和别人相
处的关系如何。
【精析】A)。对话中，男士说，坦白讲，玛丽并不是那种很容易相处的人；女士说她知道，并且指出周围
的人都很难相信玛丽是她的孪生姐妹。由此可以推断，女士应该是那种比较容易相处的人，而玛丽则不如
女士容易相处，故答案为A)。
7.听力原文：M： How soon do you think this can be cleaned?
W ： We have same day service, sir. You can pick up your suit after five o’clock.
Q ： Where does the conversation most probably take place?
7. A) At an information service. C) At a repair shop.
B) At a car wash point. D) At a dry cleaner’s
【预测】四个选项都是表示地点的介词短语，因此推测本题考查对话发生的场景。
【精析】D)。对话中，男士询问女士多长时间能够洗完；女士告诉男士，她们提供当日服务，可以在五点
后来取套装。根据对话中提到的关键词cleaned“清洗”和pick up your suit“取回你的套装”，可以判断对话
发生的地点是洗衣店，故答案为D)。
8.听力原文：W： I really enjoy that piece you just played on the piano. I bet you get a lot of requests for it.M： You said it. People just can’t get enough of it.
Q ： What we learn from the conversation?
8. A) The woman came to the concert at the man’s request.
B) The man is already fed up with playing the piano.
C) The piece of music the man played is very popular.
D) The man’s unique talents are the envy of many people.
【预测】四个选项中出现了 concert，piano，piece of music等，因此推测本题考查的内容与男士和音乐相关。
【精析】C)。对话中，女士说她非常喜欢男士刚才弹奏的那首钢琴曲，并且认为很多人会请求演奏这首曲
子； 男士说女士说得对，人们总是听不够这首曲子。由此可见，男士演奏的这首曲子非常受欢迎，故答案
为C)。
Conversation One
9-12.听力原文：
W ： Good afternoon, Mr. Jones. I am Teresa Chen, and Til be interviewing you. How are you today?
M ： I am fine, thank you. And you, Miss Chen?
W： Good, thanks. (9) Can you tell me something about your experience in this kind of work?
M： (9) Well，for several years，I managed a department for the Brownstone Company in Detroit, Michigan.
Now I work part-time because I also go to school at night. I’m getting a business degree.
W： Oh, how interesting. Tell me, (10) why do you want to leave your present job?
M： (10) I’ll finish school in a few montiis，and I’d like a full-time position with more responsibility.
W ： And why would you like to work for our company?
M:：Because I know your company’s work and I like it.
W： (11) Could you please tell me about your special skills and interests?
M： (11) Of course. I’m good at computers and I can speak Spanish. I used to take classes in Spanish at the local
college. And I like traveling a lot.
W ： Can you give me any references?
M： Yes, certainly. You can talk to Mr. McCaw, my boss, at the Brownstone Company. I could also give you the
names and numbers of several of my teachers.
W： All right, Mr. Jones, (12) and would you like to ask me any questions?
M： (12) Yes, I wonder when Til be informed about my application for the job.
W Well,we’ll let you know as soon as possible. Let’s stay in touch. Thank you very much for coming this
:
afternoon.
M ： Thank you.
9. What does the man say about his working experience?
A) He has taught Spanish for a couple of years at a local school.
B) He worked at the Brownstone Company for several years.
C) He owned a small retail business in Michigan years ago.
D) He has been working part-time in a school near Detroit.
B。【精析】对话开头，女士要求男士讲一下相关的工作经历，男士回答说，多年以来,他在位于密歇根州
底特律市的布朗斯通公司工作过几年，负责一个部门；现在兼职工作，因为晚上需要上课。由此可见，男
士曾经在布朗斯通公司工作过几年，故答案为B)。10. Why does the man want to leave his present job?
A) He prefers a full-time job with more responsibility.
B) He is eager to find a job with an increased salary.
C) He likes to work in a company close to home.
D) He would rather get a less demanding job.
A。【精析】对话中女士询问男士为什么想离开现在的工作，男士回答说，他在几个月后就要毕业，他想
找一份能够承担更多职责的全职工作，故答案为A)。
11. What is the man interested in?
A) Sports. B) Travel. C) Foreign languages. D) Computer games.
B。【精析】对话中，女士询问男士有什么特殊的技能和兴趣，男士说自己擅长计算机，学过西班牙语，
接着指出他非常喜欢旅行。由此可见，男士对旅行比较感兴趣，故答案为B)。
12. What question did the man ask the woman?
A) When he is supposed to start work.
B) What responsibilities he would have.
C) When he will be informed about his application.
D) What career opportunities her company can offer.
C)。【精析】女士在对男士进行了一系列的提问之后，在对话将要结束时询问男士有没有想问的问题，男
士回答说想知道什么时候能够被告知关于这份工作申请的消息，故答案为C)。
Conversation Two
听力原文：
M： Lisa，Lisa! Over here，darting! It’s wonderful to see you. Oh，Lisa，you look marvelous.
W： Oh, Paul, you look tired. Two months away in the capital? Paul, I think you’ve been working too hard.
M: I’m fine.The city is very hot this time of the year. It’s good to get back to some fresh air. You know, (13) Lisa,
what they say about pregnant women really is true.
W: What’s that,Paul?
M： (13) They say they look beautiful.
W： Well，I had a lot of tension while you’ve been studying hard on your course in D. C.
M： Oh?
W： Oh, don’t worry, all from a man over 50. Father has told all his business friends the good news about the
baby. And the phone hasn’t stopped ringing.
M: Oh,look,darling. There’s a taxi.
W： Paul, tell me about the special project you mentioned on the phone. You sounded very excited about it!
M： You know, I’ve learned a lot from the project. I’m surprised that was still in business.
W： (14) That’s because we have a wonderful sales manager—you!
M： Thanks. But thafs not the problem at all. Lisa, our little company, and it is little compared to the giants in the
city. (15) Our little company’s in danger. We are out of date. We need to expand. If we don’t,we will be
swallowed up by one of the giants.
13、What do we learn about Lisa?
A) She is pregnant. C) She has just finished her project.
B) She is over 50. D) She is a good saleswoman.
A)。【详解】对话中男士对女士说，关于怀孕女性的说法确实是真的；女士问是什么，男士说怀孕的女人
很漂亮。由以上信息可以推测女士已经怀孕了，故答案为A)。14、What do we learn about the man from the conversation?
A) He takes good care of Lisa. C) He is good at business management.
B) He is the CEO of a giant company. D) He works as a sales manager.
D。【详解】对话中，男士表示对那个特殊目仍然在运转表示惊讶，女士回应说，那是因为有一位出色的
销售经理，那就是男士。由此可知,男士是一位销售经理，故答案为D)。
15、What does the man say about his company?
A) It is in urgent need of further development.
B) It produces goods popular among local people.
C) It has been losing market share in recent years.
D) It is well positioned to compete with the giants.
A。【详解】对话最后，男士说他们的小公司面临着危险，有些落伍，因此需要扩大规模，否则将来有可
能被大公司吞并。由此可见，在男士看来,他们的公司急需进一步发展，故答案为A）。
Section B
Passage One
(16) Farmington, Utah, is a more pleasant community since a local girls’ 4-H club improved Main Street. Six 4-H
girls worked to clean a 72-foot curbside that was covered with weeds, rocks and trash. (17) Each member
volunteered to clean up and to dig and plant five flats of flowers. They also took turns in watering, weeding and
maintaining the plot. (18) Participation in this project helped the girls develop a new attitude towards the
appearance of their own homes; they’ve learned how to work with tools, and improve their work habits. One
mother said that before her daughter was involved in this project, she would not even pull a weed. The experience
on Main Street stimulated self-improvement, and encouraged members to take pride in their home grounds and in
the total community. City officials cooperated with the 4-H members in planting trees, building cooking facilities,
picnic tables, swings and public restrooms. The 4-H girls planted trees and took care of them during the early
stages of growth. The total park project needed more plantings in the following years. (19) Members of the 4-H
club agreed to follow the project through to completion, because they receive satisfaction from the results of
constructive work. The project is a growing one and has spread from the park to the school and the shopping center.
Trees and flowers have all been planted in the shopping center, making the atmosphere pleasant.
16、What do we learn about Main Street in Farmington?
A) It is lined with tall trees. C) It has high buildings on both sides.
B) It was widened recently. D) It used to be dirty and disorderly.
D。【详解】短文开头提到,在当地4-H俱乐部女孩们的努力下，犹他州法明顿市的主街变成了一个更宜人
的社区，接着介绍了6位4-H俱乐部女孩将72英尺长的布满杂草、岩石和垃圾的路边人行道清理干净的事
例。由此可见，主街过去是脏乱的，故答案为D)。
17、What did the 4-H club members do about the curbside?
A) They repaved it with rocks. C) They beautified it with plants.
B) They built public restrooms on it. D) They set up cooking facilities near it.
C。【详解】短文中提到了 4-H 俱乐部的志愿者们改善法明顿市的主街的具体做法:主动清扫马路，并且
挖坑种植花丼。换句话说，她们种植植物来美化道路环境，故答案为C)为答案。
18、What have the 4-H girls learned from the project?
A) What makes life enjoyable. C) What a community means.
B) How to work with tools. D) How to improve health.B）。【详解】短文中提到了参加改造道路项目对女孩们产生的积极意义：帮助他们树立了对自己家乡面
貌的全新态度，她们学会了如何利用工具开展工作，改善了她们的工作习惯，故答案为B)。
19、Why did the 4-H girls agree to follow the park project through to completion
A) They were obliged to fulfill the signed contract.
B) They were encouraged by the city officials, praise.
C) They wanted to prove they were as capable as boys.
D) They derived happiness from the constructive work.
D）。【详解】短文最后提到，4-H俱乐部的成员们同意将项目坚持到底，原因在于，她们从这种建设性工
作的结果中获得了满足感，换句话说，她们体会到了其中的快乐，故答案为D)
Passage Two
According to a survey on reading conducted in 2001 by the U. S. National Education Association, young
Americans say reading is important, more important than computers and science. (20) Over 50% of the 12- to
18-year-olds interviewed said they enjoy reading a lot. 79% find it stimulating and interesting. And 87% think it is
relaxing. About 68% of those surveyed disagree with the opinion that reading is boring or old-fashioned.
Over half the teenagers interviewed said they read more than ten books a year. The results also showed that
middle school students read more books than high schoolers. (21) Over 66% of teens like to read fiction, such as
novels and stories. Only 26% were interested in non-fiction, such as history books. 64% of students listed reading
stories about people my own age as their favorite topic. (21) Mysteries and detective stories came second on the
list at 53% . Just under 50% said they were interested in reading about their own culture and tradition. Of the
teenagers who participated in the survey, 49% said that libraries are where they get most of their books. However,
many complain that their school libraries do not have enough up-to-date interesting books and magazines. Even
though many teenagers in the U. S. enjoy reading, they still have other interests. (22) When asked which activity
would be the most difficult to give up for a week, 48% said listening to music. TV would be difficult to give up for
25% of those surveyed.
20、What does the survey on teenager reading show?
A) The majority of them think it less important than computers.
B) Many of them consider it boring and old-fashioned.
C) The majority of them find it interesting.
D) Few of them read more than ten books a year.
C。【详解】短文开头提到了美国国家教育协会 2001 年开展的针对阅读的调查结果，美国年轻人认为阅读
比计算机和科学更重要，其中超过50%的12到18岁的受访者表示非常喜欢阅读,79%的受访者认为阅读能
够激励人且很有趣,87%的受访者认为阅读可以让人放松，大约68%的受访者不同意“阅读让人 感到厌烦或
者过时”的说法。由此可知，大多数人认为阅读很有趣，故答案为C）。
21、What books are most popular among teenagers according to the survey?
A) Novels and stories. C) History and science books.
B) Mysteries and detective stories. D) Books on culture and tradition.
A。【详解】短文中介绍了青少年阅读倾向性的调查结果。其中，超过 66%的青少年喜欢阅读小说和故事
类书籍,53%的青少年喜欢阅读悬疑和侦探小说，不到 50%的青少年对文化和传统类的书籍感兴趣。 由此
可见，最受青少年欢迎的书籍是小说和故事，故答案为A)。
22、What activity do teenagers find the most difficult to give up for a week?
A) Watching TV. C) Reading magazines.
B) Listening to music. D) Playing computer games.
B。【详解】短文最后提到，在被问及哪一种活动最难放弃长达一周的时间时，48%的受访者认为是听音乐，25%的受访者认为是电视。由此可见,青少年认为最难放弃长达一周时间的活动是听音乐，故答案为B)。
Passage Three
Thank you for coming, everyone. (23) Today’s presentation will show how we see the development of the
motor car in the short to medium term, and that is why we have invited all of you here today. Let’s start with
power. It’s clear that petrol-driven engines have no future. Already there are many alternative fuel vehicles on the
market, powered by anything from solar power to natural gas. Some independent thinkers have even produced cars
that run on vegetable oil. But as we all know, of all these alternative fuel vehicles, the most practical are electric
vehicles. (24) Sure, in the past electric vehicles have their problems, namely, a limited driving range and very few
recharging points, which limited their use. (25) Now, however, recent developments in electric vehicle technology
mean they can match conventional petrol engines in terms of performance and safety. Let’s not forget that electric
vehicles are cleaner. Plus, importantly, the power source is rechargeable, so this does not involve using any
valuable resources. Moving on to communications, very soon, cars will be linked to GPS satellites, so theyll do all
the driving for you. What controls the main for the users will be audio-based. So, for example, you’ll just have to
say “a bit warmer”, and the air conditioning will adjust automatically.You’ll also be able to receive e-mail, music
and movies, all via an internet link. So just type in the destination you want, sit back, sleep, watch a movie,
whatever.
23、What is the presentation mainly about?
A) Advice on the purchase of cars.
B) Information about the new green-fuel vehicles.
C) Trends for the development of the motor car.
D) Solutions to global fuel shortage.
C。【详解】短文是一篇演说稿，开头就提到了陈述的内容一我们如何看待汽车在短中期的发展情况。 换
句话说，谈论的话题是汽车的发展趋势，故答案为C)。
24、What used to restrict the use of electric vehicles?
A) Limited driving range. C) The short life of batteries.
B) Huge recharging expenses. D) The unaffordable high price.
A。【详解】文中提到，在过去，电动汽车的确存在一些问题，比如行驶里程有限、充电点较少等，故答
案为A )。
25、What does the speaker say about electric vehicles of today?
A) They need to be further improved.
B) They can easily switch to natural gas.
C) They are more cost-effective than vehicles powered by solar energy.
D) They can match conventional motor cars in performance and safety.
D。【详解】短文在介绍完电动汽车在过去存在的问题之后，接着介绍现在的发展情况：电动汽车技术的
最新发展意味着它们可以在性能和安全性上与传统的汽油发动机相媲美，故答案为D ) 。
Section C
26、especially。【详解】此处应该填入一个副词,修饰谓语动词like。especially意为“特 别 ，尤 其”。
27 、driven。【详解】此处应该填入过去分词形式，与前面的being构成被动语态。driven意为“驱 使 ，被
迫”。
28、owned。【详解】此处应该填入过去分词形式，与后面的by引导的短语连用，构成过去分词短语，充
当前面的名词papers的定语。owned意为“拥有”。29、commit suicide。【详解】此处应该填入动词原形或以动词原形为首的短语。commit suicide为固定搭配，
意为“自杀”。
30、debts 。【详解】详解此处应该填入复数形式的名词，且与前面的动词短语pay off搭配。debts意为“债
务， 负债”。
31、shocking headlines。【详解】此处应该填入名词性短语作with的宾语。shocking headlines意为“令人
震惊的大标题”。
32 、amazed 。【详解】此处应该填入形容词与前后的is和at搭配。amazed意为“感到吃惊的”，be amazed
at意为“对……感到吃惊”。
33、reporting。【详解】此处位于is之后、the news之前，故应填人动词现在分词形式reporting意为“报
道”。
34、ruin 。【详解】此处应该填入动词原私与前面的to构成不定式。ruin意为“破坏，损坏”。
35、human nature。此处应该填人名词或名词短语作宾语。human nature意为“人性”。
PartⅢ Reading Comprehension
Section A
答案详解：
36、A) assets。【详解】名词辨析题 。空格前是连词and ,用来连接两个并列的成分。and前面的resources
为名词，故空格处也应填入一个名词。前句中提到,作为一名老师，你可以用很多种方法把社区搬到你的教
室。父母和祖父母是孩子们的资源，且后文中又表述了他们可以教给孩子们的东西，结合resources和备选
名词可知，assets“资产，财产”为答案。备选的名词中，guidelines意为“指导方针”，origin意为“起源”，
均不适合来解释父母和祖父母的角色，不符合句意，故均排除除。
37、E) excellent。 【详解】形容词辨析题。空格前是be动词，而空格后是名词teachers,故空格处应为形
容词。除去格处的词义外，句意为：他们可以成为传授其个人传统和历史的老师。用某个形容词来修饰
teachers,备选的形容词中，只有 excellent“优秀的”符合句意，故为答案。备选的形容词中，aware “意
识到的”、expensive“昂贵的”、involved“有关的”和up-to-date“最新的”均不可修饰teachers,故均排除。
38、L) origin。【详解】固定搭配题。空格前为their country of,故空格处单词应该为修饰限定country的名
词。country of origin为固定搭配，意思是“起源国，原产国”，这里指的是移民的本土国，故origin“起
源”为 答案。备选的名词中，guidelines意为“指导方针”，显然不符合句意，故排除。
39、N) up-to-date。【详解】形容词辨析题。空格前为动词have,空格后为名词information,因此该空格处应
为形容词。该句句意为:当地企业的员工或是社区机构人员都有着 信息可以在课堂中分享。根据常识
判断，和上文中提到的家长相比，企业的员工和社区机构人员能够给孩子们带来更前沿的信息，而 up-to-
date “最新的” 恰好符合句意，故为答案。备选的形容词中，aware “ 意识到的”、 expensive “昂贵
的”和 involved “有关的”均不符合句意，故均排除。
40、 B) attend。【详解】动词辨析题。空格前为to,根据短语have the opportunity to do sth.可知，空格处应
为动词原形。此处意思是很多学生疫有机会去参加音乐会，故 attend“参加”为答案。备选的动词原形
observe意为“观察”，不符合句意，故排除。
41、G) guidelines 。【详解】名词辨析题。空格前为 should have，空格后为 for selecting and conducting...，
故该空格处应为名词。上文中提到了实地考察给学生们带来的好处。再根据整句句意，一个学区应该有选
择和实施实地考察的 。故guidelines“指导方针”为答案。
42、C) aware。【详解】固定搭配题。空格前为be made,空格后为of,可以判断的是这里是被动语态，还原
成主动语态，此处应是be of，故推测空格处为形容词。固定搭配 be aware of 意为“知道，有一定认
识”，符合句意，故答案为aware“意识到的”。
43、H) involved。【详解】固定搭配题。空格前为learn to be，空格后为in community projects，故空格处应
填入一个形容词。根据句中后面部分的ranging from planting trees to cleaning up a park...可知这些都是社
区活动。固定搭配be Involved in意为“参与”，符合句意，故答案为involved“有关的”。备选的形容词
expensive“昂贵的”不符合句意，故排除。
44、D) especially。【详解】副词辨析题。空格所在处为插入语，因此可以由其后的形容词older判断此处应填入副词。分析句意可知，students显然是一个大的范围，而older ones则为其中一个部分，因此是在具
体举例或是特殊强调，只有especially“尤其”能够起到这样的作用，由此确定答案。备选副词naturally
“自然地” 不符合句意，故排除。
45、O) volunteering。【详解】空格前是by,空格后是in a nursing home,故推测此处应填入动词的现在分词
形式。该句前半部分为学校要求学生提供社区服务，而后半部分具体列举在养老院、幼儿托管所或是政府
机构,根据常识判断，学生在这几个地方提供的一般都是志愿者服务，因此 volunteering“自愿（做 某
事)”，符合句意，故为答案。备选的动名词中，joining意为“加入”，但是join in意思是“加入,参加”，
不符合句意，故排除。
Section B
Passage One
46、Steve Jobs called on Stanford graduates to innovate in his commencement address.
O)。【译文】史蒂夫•乔布斯在毕业典礼 致辞中倡导斯坦福的毕业生要创新。
【精析】该段第一句指出乔布斯先生通过对创新的呼吁结束了典礼致辞，根据上文可知，这是在斯坦福大
学的毕业典礼上，因此题干是对定位段画线部分的同义转述，故答案为O)。
47、Steve Jobs considered himself lucky to have been fired once by Apple.
N)。【译文】史蒂夫•乔布斯认为自己经被苹果公司辞退是幸运的。
【精析】文章N)段第二句引用乔布斯的原话:“事实证明被苹果公司辞退是我遇到的最好的事情了。”题
干与 该段的画线部分的意思一致，故答案为N)。
48、Steve Jobs once used computers to make movies that were commercial hits.
M)。【译文】史蒂夫•乔布斯曾经用电脑 制作的电影是商业力作。
【精析】文章M)段中侧重于介绍乔布斯在离开苹果公司的时间里积累的经验，画线部分提到他在动画制作
工作室里用电脑创作了成功的商业电影，题干中的commercial hits是原文中的commercially successful
movies的同义转换，故答案为M)。
49、Many governments have done more than the US government in providing the raw materials for innovation.
D)。【译文】很多政府比美国政府在 为创新提供原材料方面做得更多。
【精析】文章D)段画线部分提到了 many other nations和the United States,指出很多其他国家在生产创新的
原材料方面领先于美国。题干与该处意思一致，故答案为D)。
50、Great innovators are good at connecting concepts from various academic fields.
J)。【译文】伟大的创新者善于把不同学术领域的概念联系在一起。
【精析】文章J）段主要阐述颠覆性创新者的特点，也就是伟大的创新者的特点。最后一句提到，联想指的
是通过将不同学科的概念联系到一起，从而形成能够产生新想法的关联的能力。题干中的various academic
fields对应原文画线部分的different disciplines,故答案为J)。
51、Innovation is vital to driving economic progress.
C)。【译文】创新对于驱动经济发展至关重要。
【精析】该该段定位句指出，创新，广泛地定义为所有经济进步的关键要素。题干中的vital对应原文中的
crucial,故答案为C)。
52、America has a social environment that is particularly favorable to innovation.
E) 。【译文】美国有着特别有利于创 新的社会环境。
【精析】文章E)段将美国和其他国家进行对比，着重强调的是美国的社会环境对于创新的有利性，指出其
他国家明显缺少的是一种鼓励多样性、实验、冒险和把多种不同领域的技能融入到产晶之中的“打碎重
组”的社会环境。其他国家的文化并不会像美国那样支持乔布斯所示范的创新。题干中的favorable对应原
文中的 encourages，题干是对该段内容的同义转述，故答案为E)。
46. 53、Innovative ideas often come from diverse experiences.H)。【译文】创新的想法经常来自于 不同的经历。
【精析】该段画线部分提到，通常正是像乔布斯这样可以从多种经历中有所借鉴的人才能经常产生突破性
的想法和见解。题干中的 come from 对应原文中的 draw from，题干中的 innovative ideas 是原文
breakthrough ideas的同义转述，故答案为H)。
54、Real-life experience is often more important than formal education for career success.
F)。【译文】在成功的职业发展中，真实的生活经历通常比正规教育更重要。
【精析】该段画线部分提到，正规教育很重要，但是真实的生活经历通常甚至更有价值,且做出这个结论
的是职业顾问,因此是对于成功的职业发展而言的。题干与该部分所表达的意思一致，故答案为F)。
55、Applet fortunes suffered from an innovation discount during Jobs’ absence.
L)。【译文】苹果公司的资产在乔布斯离开期间 遭遇了创新折价。
【精析】详解该段主要是讲乔布斯对苹果公司创新溢价的重要性。画线部分提到，他离开的时间里发生了
31%的创新折价。题干中的absence对应原文中的in exile，故答案为L)。
Section C
Passage One
答案详解：
56、B)。定位：由题干中的 junk food 定位到文章首段:Junk food is everywhere. We’re eating way too much of
it...and yet we do it anyway.
详解：事实细节题。文章第一段提到了对垃圾食品的评价:垃圾食品无处不在。我们吃得实在是太多了。我
们中的大多数人都明明知道自己在做什么，但是还依然这么做。由此可知，垃圾食品虽然名声不好，但却
被广泛消费。B)中的it is widely consumed为该段前两句的同义转述，故答案为B)。
点睛：A)“应该教育人们不要吃太多”,原文未提及，故排除；C)“它的诱惑太大，以至于人们难以抵
制”为本题的强干扰选项，原文并未着重说明垃圾食品诱惑大，而是指出由于它无处不在,所以人们才吃
得太多，故排除；D) “它的害处比人们普遍意识到的还要多”，原文中未提及，故排除。
57、C)。定位：由题干中的 Rand reseturchers 和 control obesity 定位到文章第三段：“Many policy
measures to control (肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they
eat and...,note the two researchers.
详解：推理判断题。文章第三段提到，很多控制肥胖症的政策都是假定人们能够有意识并理性地选择吃什
么、吃多少；接下来第四段提到，很多没有假定人们会做出理性选择的规章条例已成功地应用于酒精管
控。根据转折词in contrast可以推断，很多控制肥胖症的政策是失败的，原因在于其假定错误，故答案为
C)。
点睛: A)“它们应该被有效执行”，原文未提及，且文章第三、四段提到控制肥胖症的政策失败是因为措
施不当,并非执法不严，故排除；B) “它们提供了误导性信息”，第三段后半句提到，控制肥胖症的政策
措施重点在于提供有关健康食品的信息，未提及信息是误导性的，故排除；D)“它们帮助人们做出理性
的选择”，第四段提到，很多没有假定人们会做出理性选择的规章条例已成功地应用于酒精管控，可见，
并非控制肥胖症的措施帮助人们做出理性的选择，故排除。
58、D)。定位：由题干中的 density restrictions 定位到文章第六段：Density restrictions: licenses to sell
alcohol...These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.
详解：推理判断题。文章第六段指出，售酒许可证是基于某一地区现有售酒场所的数量进行分配的,这使人
们不那么容易买到酒，以此减少饮酒的心理暗示。由此得知，限酒条例制定者之所以要实行密度限制，是
因为人们能够买到酒的场所越多，饮酒的心理暗示会增加,从而导致人们会喝更多的酒，故答案为D)。
点睛：A) “很少有人能够抵制酒精的诱惑”、B) “已经有太多卖酒的商店了”和 C) “喝烈酒会引起
社会问题”均未在原文中提及，故排除。
59、 D)。定位：由题干中的California和in gas stations定位到文章最后一段第一句：Display and salesrestrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most
places you can’t buy alcohol at drive-through facilities.
详解：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，加利福尼亚州规定加油站不得将酒类摆放在收银台附近,
是实行酒类摆放与出售限制的例子，根据整篇文章可知，此规定的根本目的是减少人们看见酒类的机会，
故答案为D)。
点睛：A)“以有效限制酒类销售商店的密度'此选项为限制酒类销售的措施，但并非加利福尼亚州限酒条例
的目的，故排除；B) “以帮助司机戒除饮酒的习惯'文章通篇论述如何减少对酒樂和垃圾食品的消费，而
非戒除饮酒习惯，故排除；C) “以防止附近地区可能产生的交通堵塞”未在文中提及，故排除。
60、C）。定位：由题干中的 Rand researchers定位到文章第备段：So here’s a suggestion offered by two
researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where
food is sold and how it’s displayed?
详解：推理判断题。题干问的是兰德公司研究人员对于控制垃圾食品的建议的总体方针（general guideline)
是什么。文章第一段指出垃圾食品无处不在这一现象，第二段指出兰德公司两名研究人员针对此现象给出
的建议:为什么不借鉴控酒政策？后面几段具体论述减少垃圾食品消费的两项措施，由此得知，文章结构为
由整体到部分，控制垃圾食品的总体方针出现在文章第二段。C)中的borrowing ideas from为原文中take a
lesson from的同义转述，故答案为C)。
点睛：A)“引导人们对食品做出理性的选择”，这不是控制垃圾食品消费的总体方针，故排除；B) “提
升人们对自身健康的意识”和D)“求助无经济、耷法和心理措施”均未在文中提及，故排除。
Passage Two
答案详解：
61、B)。定位: 由题干中的 Kodak 和选项中的 bankrupt, digital revolution 和 the dominant role in the film
market 定位到文章第一段:Kodak’s decision to file for bankruptcy(破产）protection is a sad，though
not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and
dominated the film market for decades, but ultimately failed to adapt to the digital revolution.
详解：推理判断题。第一段第一句指出，柯达公司申请破产保护的决定虽然并不出乎意料，但对这个领先
的美国公司来说是一个令人伤心的转折点。本段最后一句也提到柯达公司未能适应数字化革命这一发展趋
势。由此可见，柯达公司正在走向衰落，故答案为B)。
点睛: 文章开头提到柯达公司决定申请破产保护，由此推断它还没有正式破产,故排除 A)“它突然破产
了”；文章第一段最后提到柯达公司未能适应数字化革命这一发展趋势，因此 C) “它发起了胶片行业的
数字变革”不符合原文意思，可以排除；文中提到,柯达公司在过去长达几十年的时间里占据着胶片 市场
的主导地位，并非指现在的情况，故排除D) “它在胶片市场正处于主导地位”。
62、A)。定位：由题干中的 Kodak’s invention of the first digital camera 定位到文章第二段：…that explanation
doesn’t acknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself...and in fact, Kodak invented the
first digital camera in 1975...
详解: 推理判断题。文章第二段一开始指出，尽管很多人将柯达的衰落归因于它的“自满”，但是这个解
释掩盖了柯达公司为了改造自己而做出的长期努力。接下来作者用柯达发明了第一台数码相机来例证柯达
在自我改造上的尝试，A) “为了表明它早期为了改造自己所做的努力”符合题意，故为答案。
点睛：B)“为了表明它为了克服自满所做的努力”和D)“为了表明它愿意与日本的富士胶片竞争” 均和
原文意思不符，故排除;第一段最后一句指出,柯达公司最终未能适应数字化革命这一发展趋势，因此 C)
“为了表明它快速适应数字化革命”在语义上与之相悖，可以排除。
63、D)。定位：由题干中的 large companies 和 switching to new markets 定位到文章第四段第二句:Large
companies have a difficult time switching to new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into
the new businesses.
详解：推理判断题。文章第四段第二句提到，大公司很难转向新市场，因为把现有的资产投放到新业务上
是要经受住一定诱惑的。接着文章第五段用柯达的事例继续指出，它的企业文化过于沉溺于过去的辉煌，以至于它无法彻底脱离过去，也就无法全力迎接未来，故答案为D)。
点睛：A) 它们发现放弃现有的资产代价巨大”，原文中没有提及，故排除；文中第四段提到柯达公司意识
到必须适应未来，并且花了大量的金钱去尽力这样做，并且第二段提到柯达公司发明了第一台数码照相机，
可见柯达公司在应对新挑战方面反应并不慢，而且也进行了大量的投资，故排除B) “它们倾 向于在应对
新挑战方面反应迟钝”和C)“它们不愿意投资新技术”。
64、A)。定位：由题干中的 Kodak’s history has become 定位到文章第五段最后两句:Their history was so
important to them. Now their histoiy has become a liability.
详解：事实细节题。文章第五段指出，柯达公司沉溺于过去辉煌的企业文化，使它无法彻底脱离过去。它
的历史对它来说是如此重要，以至于现在它的历史已经成为了一种负担。定位句中的liability 意为“负担,
债务”，与burden意思相近，故答案为A)。
点睛：B) “一面镜子”、C) “一个笑话”和D) “一个挑战”均与原文不符，故排除。
65、 C)。定位：由题干中的Kodak’s fatal mistake定位到文章最后一段第四句：Kodak’s decision not to pursue
the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation.
详解：事实细节题。文章最后一段提到，柯达公司决定不寻求成为1984年洛杉矶奥运会的官方胶片赞助商，
这是它的一个重大决策失误，而它的竞争对手富士胶片获得了竞标，并利用这次赞助在市场上赢得了永久
的立足点，故答案为C)。
点睛：A)“盲目相信传统的摄影术”、B)“没有看到富士胶片的崛起”和D) “对公司文化过度自信” 均
未在原文中提及，故排除。
PartⅣ Translation
在西方人心目中，和中国联系最为密切的基本食物是大米。长期以来，大米在中国人的饮食中占据很
重要的地位，以至于有谚语说“巧妇难为无米之炊”。中国南方大多种植水稻，人们通常以大米为主食；
而华北大部分地区因为过于寒冷或过于干燥,无法种植水稻，那里的主要作物是小麦。在中国，有些人用面
粉做面包,但大多数人用面粉做馒头和面条。
In the eyes of the western people, the basic food that is mostly related to China is rice. For a long time, rice
has played a very important part in Chinese people’s diet, so that there is a proverb that goes like this: One can’t
make bricks without straw. Rice is mainly grown in southern China and people usually eat rice as the staple food.
Since it is too cold or too dry to grow rice in most areas of northern China, wheat is the main crop. In China, some
people use flour to make bread, but for most people, it is used to make steamed buns and noodles.
难点注释：
1、翻译第一句时，注意“在……心目中” 要翻译为in the eyes of…“和中国联系最为密切的基本食物”要
使用定语从句，其中“基本食物”the basic food 作为先行词；“和中国联系最为密切”可翻译为 that is
mostly related to China,修饰 the basic food。
2、翻译第二句时，要注意“以至于”前后为两个完整的句子，所以用so that来连接。前句中“长期以来”
译为for a long time；“占据很重要的地位”译为has played a very important part in..。后句中的谙语“巧
妇难为无米之炊”可以采用直译法译为 Even a clever woman can’t cook a good meal without rice.
还可以采用意译法译为 If you have no hand you can't make a fist. / You can't make an omelette without
breaking eggs. / You can't make a silk purse out of a sow’s ear. / You can’t make something out of nothing.等。
3、第兰句包含两个用分号隔开的分句，因为句子太长，翻译时可译为两个独立的句子。 翻译第一个分句
时，注意“中国南方大多种植水稻”要采用被动语态，可翻译为 rice is mainly grown in southern China;
“以 为主食”可译为eat...as the staple foodf；翻译后一个分句时，也将其独立成句。注意“华北大部分地
区过于寒冷或过于干燥”是“无法种植水稻”的原因，但是属于众所周知的客观原因，因此用since来引导
即可。另外，这里 用too...to…句型来表示“过于……而无法……”。4、翻译最后一句时，注意“用面粉做面包”和“用面粉做馒头和面条”要尽量避免使用相同的句式，故前
一句翻译为 use flour to make bread,而后一句则翻译为 it is used.to make steamed buns and noodles。
