文档内容
2024 北京人大附中高三 10 月月考
英 语
2024年 10月 8日
说明：本试卷共 8页，共 100分；考试时间 90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形
码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。
第一部分：知识运用（共三节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在
答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I was up before the others, before the birds, before the sun. I drank a cup of coffee, wolfed down a piece of toast,
put on my shorts and sweatshirt, and ___1___ my green running shoes. Then slipped quietly out the back door.
I moved quicker down the road. My breath formed rounded, frosty puffs, swirling into the fog. I enjoyed that
first physical awakening, that brilliant moment before the mind is fully clear, when the limbs and joints first begin to
___2___ and the material body starts to melt away. Solid to liquid.
Faster, I told myself. Faster. There were no cars, no people, no signs of life. I was all ___3___, the world to
myself and my thoughts.
On paper, I thought, I’m a(n)___4___, graduating from University of Oregon, earning a master’s from Stanford
and surviving a year long hitch in the U. S. Army. My résumé said I was a learned, accomplished soldier, a twenty-
four-year-old man in full... But why, I wondered, do I still feel like a kid? Worse, like the same shy, pale, rail-thin kid
I’d always been.
Like all my friends I wanted to be successful. Unlike my friends I didn’t know what that meant. Money? Wife?
Kids? House? Sure, if I was ___5___. These were the goals I was taught to aspire to, and part of me did aspire to
them instinctively. But deep down I was searching for something else, something more. I had a(n)___6___ sense that
our time is short, shorter than we ever know, short as a morning run, and I wanted mine to be meaningful. And
purposeful. And creative. And important. Above all... different.
I wanted to leave a ___7___ on the world.
I wanted to win.
No, that’s not right. I simply didn’t want to ___8___.
And then it happened. As my young heart began to pound faster, as my pink lungs ___9___ like the wings of a
bird, as the trees turned to greenish blurs, I saw it all before me, exactly what I wanted my life to be. Play.
Yes, I thought, that’s it. That’s the word. The secret of happiness, I’d always suspected, the essence of beauty or
truth, lay somewhere in that moment when the ball is in midair, when both boxers sense the ____10____ of the bell,
when the runners near the finish line and the crowd rises as one. There’s a kind of exuberant (兴高采烈的) clarity in
that pulsing half second winning and losing are decided. I wanted that, whatever that was, to be my life, my daily
life.
1. A. took up B. picked up C. put up D. laced up
第1页/共19页2. A. loosen B. straighten C. tighten D. strengthen
3. A. empty B. alone C. slow D. early
4. A. student B. adolescent C. adult D. minor
5. A. smart B. able C. rich D. lucky
6. A. sharp B. emotional C. aching D. impulsive
7. A. path B. mark C. fortune D. print
8. A. lose B. abandon C. sink D. die
9. A. grew B. expanded C. welled D. breathed
10. A. approach B. sound C. ringing D. beginning
第二节 语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Papermaking technology ___11___ (introduce) to Central Asia in the 8th century and arrived in Europe around
the 12th century. “It changed the historical process of Europe because papermaking technology made knowledge
spreading possible at ___12___ (reduce) costs and broke the monopoly of knowledge by nobles and clerks.” says
professor Xi Huidong. He points out that movable type printing was also a revolutionary invention, “The combination
of those two things was ___13___ really moved us into the early modern world.”
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
As China’s opening- up has widened, many cities like Shenzhen ___14___(attract) international talents to live,
work and invest. as well as to establish businesses. Some of them have lived there for over 10 years, ___15___
(witness) and being part of the city’s economic progress. Foreign entrepreneurs (企业家)___16___ meet specific
requirements, such as clearing the Chinese- language proficiency test’s highest level, and possessing a master’s
degree, among other qualifications, can accumulate a high score, which ___17___(make) it easier for them to obtain
a long- term work visa. Chinese cities are striving to be more open to the world, and I believe Shenzhen is an
exemplary case.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处
用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Beijing’s Central Axis (中轴线), which lines the historic stretch, recently achieved UNESCO ___18___
(recognize), drawing widespread praise and fueling a flourishing food scene with nearly10,000 dining establishments.
According to the online service platform Meituan, data reveals that ___19___ (search) for “Beijing Central Axis”
increased by 58 percent from January to July. In the first half of this year, consumption from visitors to Beijing
contributed 10.5 percent ___20___ the capital’s restaurant sector.
第二部分： 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 （共 14小题；每小题 2分，共 28分）
第2页/共19页阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该
项涂黑。
A
Welcome to Muir Woods! This rare ancient forest is a kingdom of coast redwoods, many over 600 years old.
How to get here?
People using personal vehicles must have reservations before arriving at the park. (Details at
www.gomuirwoods.com.)
Muir Woods National Monument is open daily, 8 a. m. to sunset. Stop by Visitor Center to get trails and program
information, and to take in exhibits.
What’s your path?
Enjoy a walk on the paved Redwood Creek Trail (also called Main Trail). Choose short, medium, or long loops
(环线). Other trails go deep into Muir Woods and Mount Tamalpais State Park. (Refer to the map of Muir Woods on
the right for details.)
Ready to explore more?
Muir Woods is part of Golden Gate National Recreation Area, which includes Marin Headlands, Alcatraz, the
Presidio, and Ocean Beach. Download the app at www.nps.gov/goga.
Stay safe and protect your park.
·Wi-Fi and cell service are not available.
·Watch for poisonous plants and falling branches.
·Do not feed or disturb animals. Fishing is prohibited in the park.
·Do not mark or remove trees, flowers, or other natural features.
·Go to the park website for more safety tips and regulations.
Accessibility
We make a great effort to make facilities, services, and programs accessible to all. For information, go to Visitor
Center, ask a ranger, call, or check our website.
More Information
Muir Woods National Monument www.nps.gov/muwo Mill Valley, CA 94941-2696
第3页/共19页21. Muir Woods will probably attract ______.
①redwood lovers ②hunting lovers ③fishing lovers ④hiking lovers
A. ①② B. ③④ C. ①④ D. ②③
22. What can be learned from the passage?
A. Reservations should be made if visitors drive private cars to Muir Woods.
B. Visitors are advised to call Visitor Center for safety tips and regulations.
C. Visitors can read electronic maps using Wi-Fi in Muir Woods.
D. Muir woods is surrounded by highland and ocean beaches.
23. According to the map of Muir Woods, ______.
A. food and gifts can be bought on various sites in Muir Woods
B. Bootjack Trail can lead one to Visitor Center from Bridge 3
C. Mill Valley is located on the southwest side of Muir Beach
D. Bridge 4 is the farthest from the parking lots of all bridges
B
Karen Sturges was knitting a sweater for her daughter’s future baby. Bad news came — she was diagnosed
with cancer.
“What she was most concerned about was finishing the sweater,” said her daughter Annie Gatewood. “She
was just distraught when thinking she wasn’t going to be able to finish it.” Sturges worked on the sweater until four
days before she died in 2021, with it unfinished. No member of the family. knew how to knit.
Then in 2022, Gatewood was matched with a “finisher” Sarah in Portland, — one of the over 1,000 volunteers
who complete unfinished arts projects for grieving loved ones through a group called Loose Ends. Finishing
knitting the sweater, Sarah handed it off to Gatewood. “I saw her and burst into tears, because she looks like my
mom,” said Gatewood. “We know for sure my mom would have been just delighted.”
Kaplan and Simonic started Loose Ends. Both are expert knitters knowing what it is like to have a loved one
leave behind an unfinished project. The finisher doesn’t charge any money. The only cost is for mailing.
Opuda signed up as a finisher. She is crocheting (用钩针编织) a blue blanket for someone whose mother
passed away. The blanket was one of three the mother was working on for her kids throughout her cancer
treatments, and although they are not perfect, the mother kept working on it till the end. “People just don’t really
know how much time something takes, especially a blanket. Yet even through her illness and all her pain and
challenges, she still managed to make so much progress. I didn’t want her kids to lose that,” said Opuda.
“We all experience pain,” said Simonic. “You don’t know what someone’s going through on a day-to-day basis
that’s going to make them give up, but I do know these little acts of kindness make people realize there are people
out there willing to help.”
24. What can be learned about Loose Ends?
A. It charges receivers a lot. B. It consists of generous helpers.
C. It meets patients’ unreal wishes. D. It recycles valuable unfinished pieces.
25. What did Opuda want the blanket receivers to know about their mother?
A. She had a great affection for them. B. She suffered a lot from cancer.
C. She hoped to keep the family tradition. D. She was a well-trained crafter.
第4页/共19页26. What does Simonic intend to tell us?
A. A patient’s work should be respected. B. Love begins with a little smile.
C. A small act of kindness can mean a lot. D. Actions speak louder than words.
C
A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping goldfish in curved fishbowls.
The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl because the curved sides give the
fish a distorted view of reality. Aside from the measure’s significance to the poor goldfish, the story raises an
interesting philosophical question: How do we know that the reality we perceive is true?
Physicists are finding themselves in a similar trouble to the goldfish’s. For decades they have been pursuing an
ultimate theory of everything — one complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every
aspect of reality. It now appears that this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected
theories, each describing its own version of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept
may be difficult for many people to accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that
our senses and our science directly convey information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called
realism.
In physics, realism is becoming difficult to defend. Instead, the idea of alternative realities is a mainstay of
today’s popular culture. For example, in the science-fiction film The Matrix the human race is unknowingly living in
a simulated virtual reality created by intelligent computers. How do we know we are not just computer-generated
characters living in a Matrix-like world? If — like us — the beings in the simulated world could not observe their
universe from the outside, they would have no reason to doubt their own pictures of reality.
Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved bowl. For instance, because light
bends as it travels from air to water, a freely moving object that we would observe to move in a straight line would
be observed by the goldfish to move along a curved path. The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame
of reference that would always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of
objects outside the bowl. If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a
reasonable picture of reality.
The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing
different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe we have to employ different
theories in different situations. It is not the physicist’s traditional expectation for a theory of nature, nor does it
correspond to our everyday idea of reality. But it might be the way of the universe.
27. What does the underlined word “distorted” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A. False. B. Accurate. C. Distant. D. Original.
28. What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us?
A. The conventional insight of reality. B. The lasting conflict in physics.
C. The existence of the material world. D. The need for a complete theory.
29. What can we learn from the passage?
A. It is essential to figure out which picture of reality is better.
B. People’s theories are influenced by their viewpoints.
C. An external world is independent of the observers.
D. Nature’s mysteries are best left undiscovered.
第5页/共19页30. According to the passage, the author may agree that ______.
A. there is still possibility to unify different theories into a single one
B. multiple realities can be pieced together to show the real world
C. physicists have a favorite candidate for the final theory
D. various interpretations of the universe are welcomed
D
Though the spread of good reproduction of works of art can be culturally valuable, museums continue to promote
the special status of original work and highlight the authenticity of its exhibits. Unfortunately, this seems to place
severe limitations on the kind of experience offered to visitors.
One limitation is related to the way the museum presents its exhibits. Art museums are often called “treasure
houses”. We are reminded of this even before we view a collection by the presence of security guards who keep us
away from the exhibits. In addition, a major collection like that of London’s National Gallery is housed in numerous
rooms, where a single piece of work is likely to be worth more than all the average visitor possesses. In a society that
judges the personal status of the individual so much by their material worth, it is therefore difficult not to be impressed
by one’s own relative “worthlessness” in such an environment.
Furthermore, consideration of the “value” of the original work in its treasure house setting impresses upon the
viewer that since these works were originally produced, they have been assigned a huge value in terms of money by
some person or institution more powerful than themselves. Evidently, nothing the viewer thinks about the work is
going to alter that value, and so today’s viewer is discouraged from trying to extend that spontaneous, immediate,
self- reliant kind of interpretation which would originally have met the work.
The visitor may then be struck by the strangeness of seeing such a variety of paintings, drawings and sculptures
brought together in an environment for which they were not originally created. This “displacement effect” is further
heightened by the huge volume of exhibits. In the case of a major collection, there are probably more works on
display than we could realistically view in weeks or even months.
This is particularly distressing because time seems to be a vital factor in the appreciation of all art forms. A
fundamental difference between paintings and other art forms is that there is no prescribed time over which a painting
is viewed. Operas, novels and poems are read in a prescribed time sequence, whereas a picture has no clear place at
which to start viewing, or at which to finish. Thus art works themselves encourage us to view them superficially
without appreciating the richness of de tail and labor that is involved.
Consequently, the dominant critical approach becomes that of the art historian, a specialized academic approach
devoted to “discovering the meaning” of art within the cultural context of its time. This is in harmony, with the
museum’s function, since the approach is dedicated to seeking out and conserving “authentic”, “original” readings of
the exhibits.
31. The writer mentions London’s National Gallery to illustrate ______.
A. the undesirable cost to a nation of maintaining a huge collection of art
B. the need to put individual well- being above large- scale artistic schemes
C. the conflict that may arise in society between financial and artistic values
D. the negative effect a museum can have on visitors’ opinion of themselves
32. The writer says that today viewers may be unwilling to criticize a work because they ______.
A. lack the knowledge needed B. fear it may have financial implications
第6页/共19页C. have no real concept of the work’s value D. feel their personal reaction is of no significance
33. The appreciation of a painting does not ______.
A. call for a specific beginning or ending B. involve direct contact with an audience
C. require a specific location for performance D. need the involvement of other professionals
34. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Original work: reduction to value of art works B. Original work: art historians’ bread and butter
C. Original work: killer of artistic appreciation D. Original work: substitute for reproduction
第二节 （共 5小题；每小题 2分，共 10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
选项。
Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like to
wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout. To eat or not to eat, that is the question on
many fitness enthusiasts’ minds. ___35___
If you want energy and strength for an ideal workout, you need fuel. A fed workout will provide your body with
power. ___36___ These benefits can result in burning more fat and shaping a slimmer body. Muscle preservation is
also an essential component of strengthening your body. Nitrogen (氮) is critical for processing protein that builds
healthy muscles. People tend to lose less nitrogen during a fed workout than a fasted one.
Many fitness enthusiasts are not on board with this idea. They report feeling sick and inactive while trying to
exercise after eating. With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further
claim that eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat.
___37___ It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may even be more
likely to overeat.
Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat. ___38___ For example,
if you choose a fed workout, you’ll probably lose a lot of water during an intense training, so you should consider
drinking some beforehand. With a fasted workout, it would help if you had some nutrition right after your session is
complete. Drink some water. Then, have a light meal or nutritional snack.
___39___ Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. Think thoroughly and
discuss with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.
A. A person doing a 30- minute session a day may have a problem with fasted workouts.
B. Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.
C. Many experts say there’s no easy answer because it depends on the person.
D. How your body will respond is based on your workout intensity.
E. Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice.
F. However, a fasted workout might not work for you.
G. Not all foods are created equal.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共 4小题；第 40、41小题各 2分，第 42小题 3分，第 43小题5分，共 12
分）
第7页/共19页阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Good Taste of Knowledge
The aim of education or culture is merely the development of good taste in knowledge and good form in
conduct. The cultured man or the ideal educated man is not necessarily one who is well-read or learned, but one
who likes and dislikes the right things. To know what to love and what to hate is to have taste in knowledge.
Nothing is more annoying than to meet a person at a party whose mind is crammed (填塞) full with historical
dates and figures and who is extremely well-posted on current international affairs, but whose attitudes or points of
view are all wrong. I have met such people. They do have great academic knowledge, but no good judgment or
taste. Being knowledgeable is a mere matter of the cramming of facts or information while having good taste is a
matter of artistic judgment. In speaking of a scholar, the Chinese generally distinguish between their scholarship
(学术成就), conduct and taste.
An educated man, therefore, is one who has the right loves and hatreds. This we call taste, and with taste
comes charm. Now, to have taste requires a capacity for thinking things through to the bottom, the independence of
judgment, and the unwillingness to be affected by any form of power. When a man is wrong, he is wrong, and there
is no need for one to be impressed by a great name or by the number of books that he has read and we haven’t.
Taste, then, is closely associated with courage, as the Chinese always associated dan (“胆”) with shi (“识”).
And courage or independence of judgment, as we know, is such a rare virtue among humankind. We see this
intellectual courage or independence during the childhood of all thinkers and writers who in later life amount to
anything. Such a person refuses to be impressed by a philosophic vogue or a fashionable theory, even though it is
backed by the greatest name. This is taste in knowledge. No doubt such intellectual courage or independence of
judgment requires a certain childish, naive confidence in oneself, but this self is the only thing that one can cling to,
and the moment a student gives up his right of personal judgment, he is in for accepting all the dishonest and
insincere of life.
40. According to the author, what is the goal of education?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
41. How is having good taste in knowledge different from being knowledgeable?
___________________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
▶Intellectual courage or independence of judgment builds confidence in oneself.
___________________________________________________________________________________________
43. Please name one person with the qualities of dan and shi in Chinese history and explain what about this person
makes you think so. (In about 40 words)
___________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 （20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim得知中国实行144小时过境免签政策后，计划在10
月份过境中国时，与家人在北京旅行两天。这是他们首次来华旅游，因此他发来电子邮件，向你寻求建议。
请你用英文回复邮件，帮助Jim规划此次旅行。内容包括：
1. 推荐的行程安排；
第8页/共19页2. 注意事项。
注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
第9页/共19页参考答案
第一部分：知识运用（共三节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分）
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在清晨跑步时对自己人生的一些思考和感悟，以及对成
功和幸福的独特理解。
【1题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我喝了一杯咖啡，狼吞虎咽地吃了一片吐司，穿上短裤和运动衫，系上我的绿
色跑鞋。A. took up开始从事；B. picked up捡起；C. put up提出；D. laced up系上(鞋带)。根据前文“put
on my shorts and sweatshirt”和后文“my green running shoes”可知，作者系上跑鞋鞋带准备跑步。故选D
项。
【2题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢那种第一次身体觉醒的感觉，那种在头脑完全清醒之前的辉煌时刻，当
四肢和关节开始放松，物质身体开始消失。A. loosen放松；B. straighten变直；C. tighten变紧；D.
strengthen加强。根据后文“the material body starts to melt away”和“Solid to liquid”可知，作者在跑步时
身体开始放松，僵硬的身驱开始松驰和舒展。故选A项。
【3题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全是独自一人，世界只属于我和我的思想。A. empty空的；B. alone单
独的；C. slow慢的；D. early早的。根据前文“There were no cars, no people, no signs of life.”和后文“the
world to myself and my thoughts”可知，作者感觉自己完全是独自一人。故选B项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，在书面上，我是一个成年人，毕业于俄勒冈大学，获得斯坦福大学硕士
学位，并在美国陆军服役了一年。A. student学生；B. adolescent青少年；C. adult成年人；D. minor未成年
人。根据后文“graduating from University of Oregon, earning a master’s from Stanford and surviving a year long
hitch in the U. S. Army”可知，作者已经大学毕业并获得硕士学位，还在军队服役过，说明作者是一个成年
人。故选C项。
【5题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，如果我足够幸运的话。A. smart聪明的；B. able有能力的；C. rich富
有的；D. lucky幸运的。根据后文“Money? Wife? Kids? House?”可知，要实现这些富有人士的生活目标需
要运气。故选D项。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种心痛的感觉，我们的时间是短暂的，比我们知道的还要短暂，就像
早晨的跑步一样短暂。A. sharp强烈的；B. emotional情感的；C. aching心痛的；D. impulsive冲动的。根据
后文“our time is short, shorter than we ever know”可知，发现生命的短暂，这是一种心痛的感觉。故选C
第10页/共19页项。
【7题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想在这个世界上留下印记。A. path道路；B. mark印记；C. fortune财富；D.
print印刷品。根据前文“I wanted mine to be meaningful. And purposeful. And creative. And important. Above
all... different.”可知，作者想要人生有意义，有目的，有创造性，最重要的是要不同，由此推知，他想在
世界上留下自己的印记。故选B项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不，那不对。我只是不想输。A. lose输掉；B. abandon放弃；C. sink下沉；D.
die死亡。根据前文“I wanted to win”可知，作者想要赢得成功，不想输。故选A项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我年轻的心脏跳得更快时，当我粉红色的肺像鸟的翅膀一样展开时，当树木
变成模糊的绿色时，我看到了眼前的一切，这正是我想要的生活。A. grew成长；B. expanded展开；C.
welled涌出；D. breathed呼吸。根据后文“like the wings of a bird”可知，作者想象自己的肺像鸟的翅膀一
样展开。故选B项。
【10题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直怀疑，幸福的秘密，美或真理的本质，就在球悬在半空中的那一刻，就
在两个拳击手都感觉到铃声临近的那一刻，就在赛跑者接近终点线和人群齐声站起来的那一刻。A.
approach接近；B. sound声音；C. ringing铃声；D. beginning开始。根据前文“when both boxers sense”和
后文“of the bell”可知，此处是指拳击手感觉到铃声的临近。故选A项。
第二节 语法填空（共 10小题；每小题 1.5分，共 15分）
【答案】11. was introduced
12. reduced
13. what
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了造纸术和活字印刷术对历史的深远影响。
【11题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：造纸技术在8世纪传入中亚，大约在12世纪传入欧洲。introduce(介绍)是
谓语动词，与主语Papermaking technology之间是被动关系，结合时间状语in the 8th century可知，句子讲述
过去的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填 was
introduced。
【12题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：它改变了欧洲的历史进程，因为造纸技术使得知识能够以更低的成本传播，打破了
贵族和官员对知识的垄断。reduce(减少)作定语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语costs之间是被动关系，应用
过去分词形式reduced。故填reduced。
【13题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这两件事的结合才是真正把我们带入早期现代世界的原因。“_____ really moved us
第11页/共19页into the early modern world”是表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“(把我们带入早期现代世界的)事情”，用连
接代词what引导该表语从句。故填what。
【答案】14. have attracted
15. witnessing
16. who##that
17. makes
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出，随着中国的对外开放日益深化，以深圳为代表的许多城市开始吸引越
来越多的国际人才前来工作生活。
【14题详解】
考查时态。句意：随着中国对外开放的扩大，深圳等许多城市吸引了许多国际人才来生活、工作、投资以
及建立企业。分析句子可知，空处需要谓语动词，由前面As引导的时间状语从句推知，这里表示动作从
过去开始并延续到现在，符合现在完成时，且主语cities为复数，应用have+过去分词。故填have
attracted。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中有些人已经在那里生活了10多年，见证并且成为了城市经济进程中的一
部分。分析句子可知，空处是非谓语动词作状语，witness与主句主语some之间是主谓关系，应用现在分
词形式。故填witnessing。
【16题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：符合特定要求的外国企业家，如通过汉语水平测试的最高水平，拥有硕士学位等资
格者，可以获得较高评分，这能使他们更容易获得长期工作签证。分析句子可知，Foreign entrepreneurs是
主语，谓语动词是can accumulate，空处与其后句子组成定语从句并在其中作主语，以主句主语Foreign
entrepreneurs为先行词，表示人，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。
【17题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：符合特定要求的外国企业家，如通过汉语水平测试的最高水平，拥有硕士学
位等资格者，可以获得较高评分，这能使他们更容易获得长期工作签证。分析句子可知，空处在which引
导的非限制性定语从句中，先行词为整个主句，视为第三人称单数，而该句描述一般现状，应用一般现在
时。故填makes。
【答案】18. recognition
19. searching 20. to
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章指出，联合国教科文组织近日将北京中轴线列入《世界遗产名录》。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：北京中轴线，也是历史的延伸线，最近获得了联合国教科文组织的认可，赢得了广泛的
赞誉，并推动了近10000家餐饮场所的蓬勃发展。分析句子可知，空处作谓语动词achieved的宾语，结合
句意和所给提示词推知，应用名词recognition表示“（联合国教科文组织的）认证”。故填recognition。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：线上服务平台美团的数据显示，一月份到七月份“北京中轴线”的搜索量增加了
第12页/共19页58%。空处在that引导的宾语从句中作主语，应用动名词searching for表示“搜索”。故填searching。
【20题详解】
考查介词。句意：今年上半年，来北京的游客的消费对首都餐饮业的贡献率达到了10.5%。此处符合短语
contribute…to,意为“对……贡献了……”。故填to。
第二部分： 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节 （共 14小题；每小题 2分，共 28分）
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Muir Woods公园的相关信息，包括到达方式、游览路径、公园探
索和注意事项等。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Welcome to Muir Woods! This rare ancient forest is a kingdom of coast redwoods,
many over 600 years old.( 欢迎来到Muir Woods！这片罕见的古老森林是海岸红杉的王国，许多红杉树已有
600多年的历史)”可知，Muir Woods会吸引红杉爱好者；再根据 What’s your path?部分中“Enjoy a
walk on the paved Redwood Creek Trail (also called Main Trail). Choose short, medium, or long loops. (在铺设好
的红杉溪小径(也称为主径)上散步。选择短、中或长的环线)”可知，Muir Woods也会吸引喜欢徒步的人。
所以Muir Woods可能会吸引“红杉爱好者和徒步爱好者”。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据How to get here?部分中的“People using personal vehicles must have reservations before
arriving at the park.( 使用私人车辆的人必须在到达公园之前进行预订)”可知，如果游客开车去Muir
Woods，需要预订。故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Muir Woods地图可知，停车场(Parking)在较南端，而桥梁的排列从南往北分别是Bridge
1，Bridge 2，Bridge 3，Bridge 4，结合地图中的描述“Bridge 4: Long 1½hour 2.mile loop trail (桥4：长1个
半小时2英里的环形步道)”可知，在所有桥梁中，4号桥距离停车场最远。故选D项。
【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Karen Sturges去世后，志愿者组织Loose Ends帮助完成她未织完
的毛衣，并介绍了该组织的成立初衷和意义。
【24题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Then in 2022, Gatewood was matched with a “finisher” Sarah in Portland, — one
of the over 1,000 volunteers who complete unfinished arts projects for grieving loved ones through a group called
Loose Ends.(2022 年，Gatewood在波特兰与一位 “完成者”Sarah匹配上 —— Sarah是通过一个名为
Loose Ends的组织为悲痛的亲人完成未完成艺术项目的 1000 多名志愿者之一)”和第四段“Kaplan and
Simonic started Loose Ends. Both are expert knitters knowing what it is like to have a loved one leave behind an
unfinished project. The finisher doesn’t charge any money. The only cost is for mailing.(Kaplan和Simonic创办了
Loose Ends。他们都是编织专家，知道亲人留下未完成的项目是什么感觉。完成者不收任何费用。唯一的
第13页/共19页费用是邮寄)”可知，Loose Ends由超过1000名志愿者组成，他们为悲伤的亲人完成未完成的艺术项目，
而且完成者不收任何费用。由此推知，Loose Ends是由慷慨的助人者组成的。故选B项。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“The blanket was one of three the mother was working on for her kids throughout her
cancer treatments, and although they are not perfect, the mother kept working on it till the end. “People just don’t
really know how much time something takes, especially a blanket. Yet even through her illness and all her pain and
challenges, she still managed to make so much progress. I didn’t want her kids to lose that,” said Opuda.(这条毯子
是母亲在癌症治疗期间为她的孩子们编织的三条毯子之一，虽然它们并不完美，但母亲一直坚持到最后。
“人们真的不知道某件事需要花费多少时间，尤其是毯子。然而，即使在她生病、遭受所有痛苦和挑战的
情况下，她仍然取得了如此大的进步。我不想让她的孩子们失去它，”Opuda说)”可知，Opuda强调了这
条毯子是接收者的母亲在癌症治疗期间为她的孩子们编织的，虽然它们并不完美，但母亲一直坚持到最
后，Opuda不想让接收者的孩子们失去母亲为他们所做的事情。由此可推知，Opuda想让收到毯子的人知
道他们的母亲非常爱他们。故选A项。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段““We all experience pain,” said Simonic. “You don’t know what someone’s going
through on a day-to-day basis that’s going to make them give up, but I do know these little acts of kindness make
people realize there are people out there willing to help.”(“我们都会经历痛苦，”Simonic说。“你不知道某
人每天经历什么会让他们放弃，但我知道这些小小的善举让人们意识到外面有人愿意帮助他们”)”可知，
Simonic认为虽然我们都会经历痛苦，但是这些小小的善举能让人们意识到外面有人愿意帮助他们。由此
可知，Simonic想要告诉我们的是一个小小的善举可能意义重大。故选C项。
【答案】27. A 28. A 29. B 30. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过金鱼在弯曲鱼缸中看到扭曲现实的例子，引出了物理学中对于现实认
知的哲学讨论，探讨了物理学家追求终极理论所面临的困境以及现实可能存在的多种解释。
【27题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段中“A few years ago, the City Council of Monza, Italy, barred pet owners from keeping
goldfish in curved fishbowls. The sponsors of the measure explained that it is cruel to keep a fish in such a bowl
because the curved sides give the fish a distorted view of reality.(几年前，意大利蒙扎市议会禁止宠物主人在弯
曲的鱼缸里养金鱼。该措施的发起人解释说，把鱼放在这样的缸里是残忍的，因为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实
产生distorted看法)”和第四段中“Similarly, the goldfish’s view is not the same as ours from outside their curved
bowl.(同样地，金鱼从它们弯曲的鱼缸外面看到的景象也和我们不一样)”可知，弯曲的鱼缸侧面使得金鱼看
到的景象与我们从外面看到景象不同，所以它们对现实的看法是不真实的，划线词 distorted与 false意思相
近，意为“不真实的”。故选A项。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“For decades they have been pursuing an ultimate theory of everything — one
complete and consistent set of fundamental laws of nature that explain every aspect of reality. It now appears that
this pursuit may generate not a single theory but a family of interconnected theories, each describing its own version
第14页/共19页of reality, as if it viewed the universe through its own fishbowl. This concept may be difficult for many people to
accept. Most people believe that there is an objective reality out there and that our senses and our science directly
convey information about the material world. In philosophy, that belief is called realism.(几十年来，他们一直在追
寻一种万物的终极理论——一套完整且一致的自然基本法则，能够解释现实的各个方面。现在看来，这种追
寻可能不会产生单一的理论，而是一系列相互关联的理论，每个理论都描述了自己版本的现实，就好像它透
过自己的鱼缸在观察宇宙。这个概念可能对很多人来说难以接受。因为大多数人相信存在一个客观的现实，
并且我们的感官和科学直接传递了关于物质世界的信息。在哲学中，这种信念被称为唯实论)”可知，本段
主要介绍了几十年来，人们认为存在一套完整且一致的自然基本法则，能够解释现实的各个方面，它被称为
唯实论，是人们对现实的传统理解。故选A项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The goldfish could form scientific laws from their frame of reference that would
always hold true and that would enable them to make predictions about the future motion of objects outside the bowl.
If the goldfish formed such a theory, we would have to admit the goldfish’s view as a reasonable picture of reality.(金
鱼可以从它们的参考系中形成科学定律，这些定律将始终成立，并使它们能够预测鱼缸外物体的未来运动。
如果金鱼形成了这样一种理论，我们将不得不承认金鱼的观点是对现实的合理描述)”和第五段中“The
goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in different ways, each employing different
fundamental elements and concepts.(金鱼的例子表明，同样的物理情况可以用不同的方式建模，每种方式都使
用不同的基本元素和概念)”可推知，如鱼缸里的金鱼一样，人们视角和观点不同，会有着不同的理论。故
选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The goldfish example shows that the same physical situation can be modeled in
different ways, each employing different fundamental elements and concepts. It might be that to describe the universe
we have to employ different theories in different situations.(金鱼的例子表明，同样的物理情况可以用不同的方
式建模，每种方式都采用不同的基本元素和概念。也许为了描述宇宙，我们必须在不同的情况下运用不同的
理论)”和“But it might be the way of the universe.(但这可能就是宇宙的规律)”可知，作者认为人们可以用
多种理论描述宇宙并认为这可能是宇宙的规律。由此推知，作者可能会赞同“对宇宙的各种解释都是受欢迎
的”这个观点。故选D项。
31. D 32. D 33. A 34. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了尽管优秀的艺术复制品的传播可能具有文化价值，但博物馆仍在继
续宣传艺术品原作的特殊地位，而这样严重限制了游客的体验。
【31题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“In addition, a major collection like that of London’s National Gallery is housed in
numerous rooms, where a single piece of work is likely to be worth more than all the average visitor possesses. In a
society that judges the personal status of the individual so much by their material worth, it is difficult not to be
impressed by one’s own relative “worthlessness” in such an environment.(此外，像伦敦国家美术馆那样的大型
藏品被安置在许多房间里，在那里，一件作品的价值可能比普通游客拥有的所有物品都要高。在一个以物
第15页/共19页质价值来判断个人地位的社会中，在这样的环境中，一个人很难不意识到自己相对的“毫无价值”)”可
知，伦敦国家美术馆的大型藏品会让游客意识到自己相对来说“毫无价值”。因此，作者提到伦敦国家美
术馆是为了说明博物馆对游客自我评价的负面影响。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Evidently, nothing the viewer thinks about the work is going to alter that value, and
so today’s viewer is discouraged from trying to extend that immediate and self-reliant kind of interpretation which
would originally have met the work.(显然，观众对作品的任何想法都不会改变它的价值，所以今天的观众不
愿意尝试扩展那种直接的、自主的解读，而这种解读本来是可以与作品相称的)”可知，今天的观众可能不
愿意批评一件作品的原因是他们觉得自己的个人反应没有意义。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Operas, novels and poems are read in a prescribed time sequence, whereas a
picture has no clear place at which to start viewing, or at which to finish.(歌剧、小说和诗歌都是按照规定的时间
顺序阅读的，而一幅画却没有明确的起点和终点)”可知，不同于其他艺术形式，欣赏一幅画作不需要特定
的起点或终点。故选A项。
【34题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Unfortunately, this seems to place severe limitations on the kind of
experience offered to visitors.(不幸的是，这似乎严重限制了提供给游客的体验)”可知，文章介绍了博物馆
过分强调艺术品原作的特殊价值，反而严重限制了游客的体验，令游客对自己产生负面的评价，不愿尝试
自主的评价，为作品的置换效应所困扰，也就是说艺术品原作对于大众鉴赏是起负面作用的。因此，A项
“原作：艺术鉴赏的杀手”符合文章大意，突出了核心内容，适合作为标题。故选C项。
第二节 （共 5小题；每小题 2分，共 10分）
【答案】35. C 36. B 37. F 38. G 39. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了健身前后进食的优缺点以及如何选择适合自己的健身饮食方
式。
【35题详解】
上文“Some people prefer to have a bite to eat before hitting the gym, known as a fed workout. Others would like
to wait until after exercising to refuel their bodies, called a fasted workout. To eat or not to eat, that is the question
on many fitness enthusiasts’ minds.(一些人喜欢在去健身房之前吃点东西，这被称为进食后锻炼。另一些人则
喜欢等到锻炼后再给身体补充能量，这被称为空腹锻炼。吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心中的问题)”
提出了健身前后是否应该进食的问题。C选项“Many experts say there’s no easy answer because it depends on
the person.(许多专家说，这个问题没有简单的答案，因为它取决于个人)”承接上文，指出对于这个问题没有
统一的答案，因为每个人的情况都不同，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
【36题详解】
上文“A fed workout will provide your body with power.(进食后锻炼会为你的身体提供能量)”指出进食后锻
炼的好处。B选项“Eating before exercise may help you sustain longer sessions and lift heavier weights.(运动前
第16页/共19页吃东西可能帮助你持续更长时间的锻炼，举起更重的重量)”进一步解释了进食后锻炼的具体好处，即能够
持续更长时间的锻炼和举起更重的重量，与上文构成顺承关系。故选B项。
【37题详解】
上文“With a fasted workout, you may not get the usual indigestion. Experts for fasted workouts further claim that
eating afterwards makes your body use its fat reserves for energy, meaning you will burn more fat.(空腹锻炼，你可
能不会像平常那样消化不良。空腹锻炼的专家进一步声称，运动后进食会使你的身体利用脂肪储备作为能
量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪)”介绍了空腹锻炼的好处。F选项“However, a fasted workout might not
work for you.(然而，空腹锻炼可能不适合你)”与上文构成转折关系，指出空腹锻炼虽然有好处，但可能并
不适合每个人，下文“It can cause a sudden drop in your blood glucose levels, and you may feel dizzy. You may
even be more likely to overeat.(它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。你甚至更有可能吃得过
多)”进一步说明了空腹锻炼为什么不适合每个人，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
【38题详解】
上文“Knowing what to eat for an ideal workout is just as important as knowing when to eat.(知道为理想的锻炼
吃什么和知道什么时候吃一样重要)”强调了知道吃什么和什么时候吃的重要性。G 选项“Not all foods are
created equal.(并非所有食物都是等价的)”进一步解释了为什么知道吃什么很重要，因为不同的食物对健身
的影响是不同的，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
【39题详解】
下文“Both fasted workouts and fed activities have their benefits and shortcomings. Think thoroughly and discuss
with your fitness instructor before taking a choice.(空腹锻炼和进食后锻炼都有其优点和缺点。在做出选择之前，
要全面思考并与你的健身教练进行讨论。)”指出空腹锻炼和进食后锻炼都有各自的优缺点，需要作出正确
的选择。E选项“Deciding when to eat for an ideal workout is a personal choice.(决定什么时候吃以达到理想的
锻炼效果是个人的选择)”引出下文，指出选择何时进食是个人的选择，因为每种方式都有其优缺点，上下
文语意衔接自然。故选E项。
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共 4小题；第 40、41小题各 2分，第 42小题 3分，第 43小题5分，共 12
分）
【答案】40. The goal of education is the development of good taste in knowledge and good form in conduct.
41. Being knowledgeable is the acceptance of knowledge while and having good taste in knowledge is the artistic
judgment of knowledge.
42. Intellectual courage or independence of judgment builds confidence in oneself. Intellectual courage or
independence of judgment requires a certain childish, naive confidence in oneself. The word “builds” is wrong.
43. In Chinese history, a person with the qualities of dan and shi is Sima Qian, a famous historian. His independence
in judgment and courage to speak the truth are reflected in his masterpiece “Shiji”, which critically evaluates historical
events and figures, showing his good taste in knowledge.
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者论述了教育或文化的目的是培养对知识的良好品味和行为的良好形式，
一个有教养的人不一定是一个博览群书或学识渊博的人，而是一个喜欢和厌恶正确事物的人。知道爱什么
第17页/共19页和恨什么就是对知识有品味。
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段中“The aim of education or culture is merely the development of good taste in
knowledge and good form in conduct. (教育或文化的目的仅仅是培养良好的知识品味和良好的行为举止)”可
知，作者认为，教育或文化的目的仅仅是培养对知识的良好品味和行为的良好形式。故答案为：The goal
of education is the development of good taste in knowledge and good form in conduct.
【41题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Being knowledgeable is a mere matter of the cramming of facts or information
while having good taste is a matter of artistic judgment. (知识渊博仅仅是对事实或信息的填鸭式学习，而良好
的品味则是一种艺术判断)”可知，知识渊博仅仅是对事实或信息的填鸭式教育，而拥有良好的品味则是艺
术判断的问题。因此，二者的区别在于知识渊博是填鸭式的接受知识，而好的品味则是对知识的艺术性判
断。故答案为：Being knowledgeable is the acceptance of knowledge while and having good taste in knowledge
is the artistic judgment of knowledge.
【42题详解】
考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“No doubt such intellectual courage or independence of judgment requires a
certain childish, naive confidence in oneself, (毫无疑问，这种智力上的勇气或独立判断需要一定的幼稚，单纯
的对自己的信心)”可知，这种智力的勇气和独立判断需要信心，而不是建立信心。故答案为：Intellectual
courage or independence of judgment builds confidence in oneself. Intellectual courage or independence of
judgment requires a certain childish, naive confidence in oneself. The word “builds” is wrong.
【43题详解】
考查观点态度。根据问题“Please name one person with the qualities of dan and shi in Chinese history and
explain what about this person makes you think so.(请说出中国历史上一个具有“胆”和“识”特质的人的名
字，并解释为什么你会这样认为)”。例如司马迁，他是一个兼具“胆”和“识”品质的人。他的独立判断
和勇于讲真话体现在他的代表作《史记》中，对历史事件和人物进行了批判性的评价，显示了他良好的知
识品味。故答案为：In Chinese history, a person with the qualities of dan and shi is Sima Qian, a famous
historian. His independence in judgment and courage to speak the truth are reflected in his masterpiece “Shiji”,
which critically evaluates historical events and figures, showing his good taste in knowledge.
第二节 （20分）
44. 【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m glad to hear you plan to travel in Beijing. For the two-day trip, on the first day, visit the Forbidden City in
the morning. Its grand architecture will amaze you. In the afternoon, go to Tiananmen Square. On the second day,
take a trip to the Great Wall. It’s a must-see.
Remember to check the weather in advance and wear comfortable shoes. Also, be careful with your
belongings. It’s better to learn some simple Chinese phrases for convenience. Book tickets for attractions online in
advance to avoid long queues. Have a great trip!
Yours,
Li Hua
第18页/共19页【导语】本篇书面表达属于建议信。要求考生针对英国笔友Jim计划在北京的两天旅行，给出推荐的行程
安排和注意事项。
【详解】词汇积累
高兴：glad → delighted
使惊讶：amaze → astonish
建筑：architecture → building/structure
预订：book → reserve
句式拓展
合并简单句为复合句
原句：On the second day, take a trip to the Great Wall. It’s a must-see.
拓展句：On the second day, take a trip to the Great Wall, which is a must-see.
【点睛】[高分句型1] It’s better to learn some simple Chinese phrases for convenience. （运用了“it作形式主
语，动词不定式短语作真正主语”结构）
[高分句型2] Book tickets for attractions online in advance to avoid long queues. （运用了动词不定式作目的状
语）
第19页/共19页
