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[00:01.25]College English Test Band Four大学英语四级考试
[00:04.06]Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension第二部分 听力理解
[00:07.20]Section A A节
[00:08.87]Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. 说明：在本节中，你将听到三
篇新闻报道。
[00:14.08]At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. 在每一篇新闻报道
的最后，你会听到两个或三个问题。
[00:19.08]Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. 新闻报道和问题将只播
放一遍。
[00:23.57]After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D). 听到问题后，你需要从A)、B)、C)和D)四个选项中选出最佳答案。
[00:32.22]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
然后将相应的答案涂在答题卡1上。
[00:38.88]News Report One新闻一
[00:40.72]The World Pipe Band Championships will take place in Glasgow on Saturday. 世界风笛乐队
锦标赛将于周六在格拉斯哥举行。
[00:46.20]Over 120 of the world's best pipe bands will compete at the championships. 超过120支
世界顶级风笛乐队将参加锦标赛。
[00:52.34]Over 4,000 pipers and drummers are expected to descend on the city for the annual event.
预计将有超过4,000名风笛手和鼓手来到这座城市参加这一年度盛事。
[00:59.13]It will take place at the St. James Playing Fields in Glasgow on Saturday, 18 May from 10:00
am until 7:00 pm. 比赛将于5月18日星期六上午10:00至晚上7:00在格拉斯哥圣詹姆士运动场举行。
[01:07.85]The event is free. Also, a free shuttle bus will run between the event car parks and the
competition site. 活动是免费的。此外，活动停车场和比赛场地之间将有免费班车往返。
[01:15.71]Shuttle buses will run every 15 minutes from 8:00 am until 8:00 pm. 班车从早上8点运行
到晚上8点，每15分钟一班。
[01:21.59]Glasgow City Council says it is estimated to bring￡300,000 to the local economy. 格拉斯
哥市议会表示，预计此次世界风笛乐队锦标赛将为当地经济带来30万英镑的收入。
[01:29.08]The first World Pipe Band Championships were held in Edinburgh in 1947. 第一届世界风
笛乐队锦标赛于1947年在爱丁堡举行。
[01:34.43]The event first took place in Glasgow in 1948. 该赛事于1948年首次在格拉斯哥举行。
[01:38.86]It has been held regularly in Glasgow since 1986. 自1986年以来则一直在格拉斯哥定期举
行。
[01:42.94]Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的
新闻报道回答第1题和第2题。
[01:48.90]1. What event will take place in Glasgow? 1.格拉斯哥将举行什么活动？
[02:08.80]2. What does Glasgow City Council say the event will do? 2.格拉斯哥市议会认为该活动将
有何意义？
[02:29.15]News Report Two新闻二
[02:30.26]Summer doesn't begin for two more days, but scientists are already sounding the alarm about
dangerous ice melts going on right now in Greenland. 还要两天才入夏，但科学家们已经对格陵兰岛
正在发生的危险冰盖融化发出了警告。
[02:40.85]The vast island usually locks away enough fresh water in its ice sheet, which if melted can
raise global sea levels by six meters. 这个巨大的岛屿通常会将足够多的淡水锁在冰盖中，如果冰盖融化会使全球海平面上升六米。
[02:51.78]And research shows that in recent years its ice has melted faster than ever before. 而且
研究表明，近年来，它的融冰速度比以往任何时候都快。
[02:57.69]This month, as temperatures in northwestern Greenland approach all-time highs, researchers
are encountering unusual, surprising levels of melting ice in the region. 本月，格陵兰岛西北部的气
温接近历史最高点，研究人员在该地区遇见了异常且惊人的融冰速度。
[03:09.77]The most significant concern here is how early this is all happening. 最重要的问题是这一
切发生得太早了。
[03:15.01]Greenland experiences annual ice melt and growth cycles. 格陵兰每年都会经历冰盖融化和
生长周期。
[03:19.31]But this year, the melting season began in early May. 但是今年的融化季节开始于5月初。
[03:22.92]That's a month earlier than normal and something that's happened only once before in the
historical record in 2016. 这比正常情况早了一个月，而且这样的事情只在2016年发生过一次。
[03:32.78]That means that not only is the ice melting very fast, it has more time to melt this summer
than it would in a normal climate system. 这意味着不仅冰盖融化的速度非常快，而且今年夏天冰盖
融化的时间比正常气候系统下的时间要长。
[03:42.62]Longer melt seasons like this one seem to lead to much greater contributions to sea-level rise
than in previous decades. 像这次这样较长的融冰季节，对海平面上升的影响似乎比过去几十年大得
多。
[03:51.52]Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的
新闻报道回答第3题和第4题。
[03:57.23]3. What is scientists' warning in the news report? 3. 在新闻报道中，科学家发出了什么警
告？
[04:17.02]4. What do we learn about this year's ice melting season in Greenland? 4. 对于格陵兰岛
今年的融冰季节，我们了解到了什么？
[04:35.54]News Report Three新闻三
[04:39.16]Bundles containing thousands of pounds in cash keep turning up on the streets of Blackhall
Colliery in northern England, according to police. 据警方称，英格兰北部布莱克霍尔煤矿村的街道上
不断出现成捆的数千英镑现金。
[04:48.93]Residents of the village have been coming across bundles of ￡20 notes—usually worth
￡2,000—in the former mining village in County Durham. 这个位于达勒姆郡的村子的居民在当地偶
然发现了成捆的面值20英镑的现金，通常价值2,000英镑。
[04:59.33]The latest discovery was on Monday, meaning four of these cash bundles have been handed
in this year and 13 since 2014. 最近一次发现是在周一，这意味着今年已经发现了四捆，自2014年
以来共发现13捆。
[05:08.83]The bundles are usually left in plain sight and have been scattered across the small coastal
village. 这些成捆的现金通常被落在显眼的地方，散落在了这个沿海的小村庄。
[05:14.89]The owner has two weeks to collect the cash, which is then returned to the finder if not
claimed, according to Peterlee Police. 根据彼得利警方的说法，失主有两周的时间来领取现金，如果
没人领取，这些现金就会退还给捡获者。
[05:23.55]A Durham Police spokesperson said the money has been returned to the lucky finders in all
cases except yesterday. 达勒姆警方发言人表示，除昨天外，这些钱都已退还给幸运的捡获者。
[05:31.00]Policeman John Forster said in a statement: “The circumstances remain a mystery so we
would welcome any information that will help us get to the bottom of these random incidents.” 警察约翰?福斯特在声明中表示：“情况仍然是个谜，因此我们欢迎任何有助于我们查明这些随机事件的
真相的信息。”
[05:43.13]He told The Northern Echo: “It isn't an affluent part of the world, so for them to find cash
of that amount and instantly think about taking it to the police stations shows the community spirit
there is.” 他告诉《北方回声报》：“这里不是世界上富裕的地区。所以对于这里的居民来说，捡到
如此大额的现金并立即将其交到警察局足以体现了这里有社区精神。”
[05:56.63]Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的新
闻报道回答第5至7题。
[06:01.65]5. What happened on the streets of Blackhall Colliery? 5. 布莱克霍尔煤矿村的街道上发生
了什么？
[06:21.57]6. What do the local police do with the money if not claimed in two weeks? 6. 如果两
周内没人认领，当地警方会如何处理这笔钱？
[06:43.35]7. What did the policeman John Forster say about the villagers? 7. 关于村民，警察约翰?
福斯特说了什么？
[07:04.11]Section B B节
[07:05.24]Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. 说明：在本节中，你将听
到两篇长对话。
[07:09.90]At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. 在每一篇对话的最后，你将
会听到四个问题。
[07:13.78]Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. 对话和问题均播放一遍。
[07:18.62]After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D). 听到问题后，你需要从A)、B)、C)和D) 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
[07:25.61]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre. 然后将相应的答案涂在答题卡1上。
[07:31.87]Conversation One对话一
[07:33.84]W: It's your birthday next week. 女：下周是你的生日。
[07:36.01]What have you got planned? 你有什么计划？
[07:38.51]M: I'm not sure. I often feel strange on my birthday. 男：我不确定。我经常在生日那天感
到奇怪。
[07:41.28]It's like my brain decides to have a crisis. 就像我的大脑出现了危机。
[07:44.15]W: It's not entirely unusual to feel anxious or sad around your birthday. 女：在生日前后
感到焦虑或悲伤完全不奇怪。
[07:49.25]Birthdays can tap into a lot of things people worry about, including their achievements in life
in the past decade, or their accomplishments of the past year. 生日会让人们想起很多担忧的事情，
包括他们在过去十年中的成就，或者过去一年的成就。
[08:00.15]Many begin to search for the meaning of their existence, leading to behaviors such as ending
or starting a relationship, or plans, like starting a vigorous diet or fitness program. 许多人开始寻找
自己存在的意义，从而导致诸如结束或开始一段关系等行为，或者制订诸如开始积极饮食或健身等计划。
[08:12.45]M: I have wonderful friends and I love celebrating their birthdays. 男：我有很棒的朋友，
我喜欢为他们庆祝生日。
[08:16.62]But I don't like being the center of attention, receiving gifts and having a fuss made. 但
我不喜欢成为被关注的焦点，不喜欢接受礼物，不喜欢大惊小怪。
[08:22.27]It seems to trigger a type of social anxiety. 这似乎引发了一种社交焦虑。
[08:25.69]I think social media too can intensify things as birthdays now play out more publicly. 我认为社交媒体也会加剧事态，因为现在的生日越来越公开。
[08:31.81]Birthday reminders can be helpful, but I kind of worry I won't be able to drum up my own
day and show it to look as exciting as it is supposed to be. 生日提醒可能会有帮助，但我有点担心，
我不会安排自己的一天，让它看起来像想象中的那样令人兴奋。
[08:41.34]W: Well, to deal with the birthday blues, you should not isolate yourself. 女：好吧，为了
应对生日带来的忧郁，你不应该孤立自己。
[08:46.00]It's best to gradually face your birthday with people you trust. That would help you learn self-
acceptance, or that it's okay to be the focus. 最好是逐渐与你信任的人面对你的生日，他们会帮助
你学会自我接纳，或者成为焦点也没关系。
[08:55.39]M: Perhaps. Or I could perceive my birthday as an opportunity to do something for others
like asking people to make a donation instead of buying a gift. 男：也许吧。或者我可以把我的生日
看作是一个为他人做一些事情的机会，比如让人们捐款而不是买礼物。
[09:05.40]W: Exactly. Or even simply see your birthday as an opportunity to bring people together for
them to have fun. 女：没错。甚至可以简单地把你的生日看作是一个让人们聚在一起玩的机会。
[09:12.56]Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的
对话回答第8至11题。
[09:18.44]8. How does the man often feel on his birthday? 8. 男士过生日时通常心情如何？
[09:37.55]9. What does the woman say many people tend to do on their birthday? 9. 女士说很多
人在生日时往往会做什么？
[09:57.57]10. What does the man say about birthday celebrations? 10. 关于生日庆祝活动，男士怎
么说？
[10:16.93]11. What does the woman suggest the man do about his birthday celebration at the end of
the conversation? 11. 在对话末尾，女士建议男士如何庆祝生日？
[10:39.68]Conversation Two对话二
[10:41.14]W: The metro was absolutely terrible this morning. 女：今天早上的地铁非常糟糕。
[10:44.63]M: Oh, was there a delay? 男：哦，是有延迟吗？
[10:46.66]W: No, but the train was so packed that I could barely move, and it was difficult to breathe
too. 女：不是，地铁太拥挤了，我几乎动弹不得，呼吸也很困难。
[10:53.16]At every station, more people squeezed in and I got pushed further and further inside. 每
到一站都有更多的人挤进来，我被推得越来越靠里。
[10:59.06]When I got to my station, I could hardly get out. 当我到站时，我几乎无法下车。
[11:01.80]Once I did get out, I was totally exhausted. 一出了地铁，我感到筋疲力尽。
[11:05.10]M: That sounds like a nightmare. Why didn't you take the bus? 男：这听起来像一场噩梦。
你为什么不坐公共汽车？
[11:08.81]W: The bus takes twice as long and it's just as crowded. 女：坐公共汽车要花两倍的时间，
而且同样拥挤。
[11:13.00]M: Well, what's the alternative? Haven't you got a car? 男：那么，还有别的选择吧？你没
有车吗？
[11:16.58]W: I've got a driver's license, but that's all. 女：我有驾照，仅此而已。
[11:19.52]I'm saving up to buy something reasonably small and cute, but it's still a bit expensive for
me, and it'll take a while before I have enough money. 我攒的钱只够买一些小而可爱的东西，汽车
对我来说还是有点贵，我需要一段时间才能攒够钱买。
[11:28.54]M: Have you thought about getting an electric motorbike? 男：你想过买一辆电动摩托车吗？
[11:31.15]W: I consider that for maybe a minute. 女：我有考虑过一下。[11:34.09]But honestly, I've just seen too many horrible accidents involving those dangerous monsters.
但老实说，我看到了太多有关那些危险怪物的可怕事故。
[11:40.78]M: What about those popular shared bikes? You could register to use one. 男：那么那些
流行的共享单车怎么样？你可以注册使用一辆。
[11:45.11]W: Yeah, that's a possibility. 女：是的，这倒有可能。
[11:47.30]There are always several of those bikes out in front of our apartment complex. 在我们的
公寓大楼前面总是有几辆这样的自行车。
[11:52.06]M: Or you could just walk to work. 男：或者你可以走路去上班。
[11:54.33]W: Well, it's five kilometers from home to the office. 女：嗯，从家到办公室有五公里。
[11:58.55]But you've given me a thought. 不过，你给了我一个想法。
[12:00.16]I could take a change of clothes and jog to work. 我可以换件衣服，慢跑去上班。
[12:03.20]But at this time of year, the air pollution is a real problem. 但在每年的这个时候，空气污
染是个问题。
[12:07.41]M: Oh, yeah. I didn't think of that. 男：哦，是的，这点我没想到。
[12:09.77]You take a taxi if you really have to. 如果你真的需要的话，你可以打车。
[12:12.14]W: Well, that's an expensive way to get to work. 女：嗯，这是一种昂贵的上班方式。
[12:15.20]M: Not if you use a ride sharing app. 男：如果你使用拼车程序，那就不贵了。
[12:18.54]W: Good idea. I'll download one immediately. Thank you. 女：好主意，我马上下载。非常
感谢。
[12:21.90]Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的
对话回答第12至15题。
[12:27.29]12. What does the woman say about her subway ride? 12.关于自己乘坐地铁的经历，女士
说了什么？
[12:47.07]13. Why hasn't the woman got her own car? 13.女士为什么没有自己的车？
[13:06.27]14. What does the woman say about electric motorbikes? 14.关于电动摩托车，女士说了
什么？
[13:26.17]15. How was the woman going to get to work? 15.女士会怎么去上班？
[13:45.35]Section CC节
[13:46.27]Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. 说明：在本节中，你将听到三篇短
文。
[13:50.57]At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. 在每一篇短文的最后，
你将会听到三个或者四个问题。
[13:54.79]Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. 短文和问题均播放一遍。
[13:59.10]After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked
A), B), C) and D).听到问题后，你需要从A)、B)、C)和D) 四个选项中选出最佳答案。
[14:07.26]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
然后将相应的答案涂在答题卡1上。
[14:13.20]Passage One短文一
[14:15.05]Steve Miller began his career in IT back in the late 1980s. 史蒂夫?米勒的IT职业生涯始
于20世纪80年代末。
[14:20.91]Being a deaf person in tech required a huge amount of effort in organization. 作为一个技
术领域的聋人，需要在工作中付出巨大的努力。
[14:27.08]Because there was no email or text message service, everything had to be done face to face,
or by telephone. 因为没有电子邮件或短信业务，一切工作都必须面对面或通过电话完成。[14:34.57]Communicating in meetings was very difficult. 在会议上沟通非常困难。
[14:38.47]He needed a sign language interpreter for every meeting, but it was a huge effort to
coordinate. 他每次开会都需要一名手语译员，但协调起来很费力。
[14:43.93]These days, although challenges still remain, it's a good time to be a deaf person in tech,
says Miller. 米勒说，现在尽管挑战仍然存在，但对于科技领域的聋人来说确实好多了。
[14:51.23]Big advances in speech recognition technology have enabled communication tools to turn live
speech into text in real time on your smartphone or laptop, and sign language into text as well.
语音识别技术的巨大进步使通信工具能够在智能手机或笔记本电脑上将实时语音转换为文本或将手语转换
为文本。
[15:05.48]New Tech coupled with improvements in hearing aid technology and medical advances means
that Miller is able to focus far more on his work. 新技术加上助听器技术的进步和医学的进步，意
味着米勒能够更加专注于他的工作。
[15:15.37]He has benefited to a great extent from a tiny hearing device in his ear. 他在很大程度上
得益于耳朵里的一个小助听器。
[15:20.27]It gives him a degree of hearing, and he can use a variety of communication methods
depending on the situation. 这使他具备了一定的听力能力，他可以根据情况使用各种沟通方法。
[15:27.12]He can employ lip-reading and have meetings via video instead of on the phone. These things
have made a huge difference. 他可以使用唇读，通过视频而不是电话进行会议。这些东西发挥了巨
大的作用。
[15:35.99]He no longer has to worry about whether or not he can understand. 他再也不用担心自
己是否能理解会议内容。
[15:39.92]He can just concentrate on how interesting the meeting might be and what he needs to get
out of it in order to progress. 他可以专注于会议的有趣程度，以及从中获取他所需要的来开展工作。
[15:47.50]Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的短
文回答第16至18题。
[15:52.62]16. What do we learn about Steve Miller? 16. 关于史蒂夫?米勒，我们了解到了什么？
[16:12.42]17. What does Miller say is making things better for people like him? 17. 米勒认为什么能
让像他这样的人变得更好？
[16:33.11]18. In what way can Miller benefit from attending meetings via video? 18. 米勒可以从通
过视频参加会议中得到什么好处？
[16:54.46]Passage Two短文二
[16:55.83]Colour is now spreading through our homes, up staircases, across wood frames and ceilings,
filling in neutral spaces. 现在，各种颜色充斥在我们的家中，充斥在楼梯、木框架和天花板周围，填
补了素净的空间。
[17:04.86]According to one interior designer, when people return home, they want to see colours that
cheer them up and give them a hug. 根据一位室内设计师的说法，当人们回到家中时，他们希望看
到让他们高兴起来并给他们一个拥抱的颜色。
[17:13.35]Pure white walls simply don't do that. 纯白色的墙壁根本无法做到这一点。
[17:15.95]They don't look after you. 它们并不会关照你。
[17:17.90]Another interior designer commented that certain combinations can key into something on a
deeper level, transporting you to a different moment in time. 另一位室内设计师评论说，某些组合
可以在更深层次上发挥作用，将你带到不同的境界。
[17:28.51]That's the power of colour. 这就是色彩的力量。
[17:29.87]If you are thinking to try colour on some of your neutral walls, the advice is refreshinglysimple: Choose a colour you actually like. 如果你想在一些素净的墙壁上尝试填充颜色，我的建议非
常简单：选择你真正喜欢的颜色。
[17:39.39]Don't go for a colour because it's in fashion, or you've seen it in a magazine. 不要因为某
个颜色很流行，或者你在杂志上见过它就选择它。
[17:43.47]If you're weary of full colour, test your tolerance with smaller spaces, such as the inside of a
cupboard or a bright window frame. 如果你不喜欢全部填充颜色，可以用较小的空间来测试你的容
忍度，比如橱柜内部或明亮的窗框。
[17:53.55]If it gives you joy every time you open the cupboard, you can start to take it further. 如
果你每次打开橱柜都会感到快乐，你就可以开始更进一步。
[17:58.55]One can also paint the wooden frameworks the same colour as the walls, helping the rooms
look bigger. 你也可以把木框架漆成与墙壁相同的颜色，这样可以让房间看起来更大。
[18:05.09]In the kitchen, painting the overhead cupboards and the walls in the same colour can make it
feel more spacious. 在厨房里，用相同的颜色粉刷头顶的橱柜和墙壁可以让厨房感觉更宽敞。
[18:11.84]While painting the kitchen counters, a bold colour can make everything feel more open and
lighter. 在粉刷厨房柜台时，大胆的颜色可以让一切感觉更加开放和轻盈。
[18:18.28]Additionally, a painted ceiling is a magical thing without being too obvious and can affect how
the space feels as well. 此外，涂色的天花板很神奇，不会太显眼，也能影响空间感。
[18:28.28]Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的短
文回答第19至21题。
[18:33.14]19. What do people want upon returning home according to the passage? 19. 根据短文，
人们一回家想要的是什么？
[18:54.11]20. What does the passage say people should avoid doing in home decoration? 20. 短文
指出人们在家庭装修中应该避免做什么？
[19:15.01]21. What can one do to make a room look bigger? 21. 怎样可以让房间看起来更大？
[19:35.83]Passage Three短文三
[19:37.01]Parents often hear that reading to their children is critical for supporting development, and the
message is getting through to them. 父母经常会听说，给孩子读书听对孩子的发展至关重要，这一信
息越来越得到他们的认同。
[19:45.51]In fact, in the United States, a little over half of children between the ages of three and five
were read to every day in 2007, and 83% of children in that age group in the same country were read
to three or more times per week in 2012. 事实上，在美国，2007年，有超过一半的父母给三岁至
五岁的孩子读书，2012年，83%的父母给该年龄段的孩子每周读三次书或更多次。
[20:05.16]This is good news, because reading to young children helps their language and brain
development. 这是一个好消息，因为给小孩子读书听有助于他们的语言和大脑发育。
[20:11.04]In fact, recent research has found that both the quality and quantity of shared book reading
in infancy predicted later childhood vocabulary and reading skills. 事实上，最近的研究发现，婴儿时
期阅读书籍的质量和数量都可以预测儿童后期的词汇和阅读技能。
[20:22.69]In other words, the more time parents spend reading, the greater the developmental benefits
in their four-year-old children. 换言之，父母花在读书上的时间越多，他们四岁的孩子获益就越大。
[20:31.30]This is an important finding. 这是一个重要的发现。
[20:33.01]But does it matter what books parents read? 但父母读什么书重要吗？ [20:36.78]A new
study has investigated this question. 一项新的研究调查了这个问题。
[20:40.29]It followed infants across the second six months of life and found that when parents showed
babies books that had faces or objects with specific labels, they learned more. 研究人员在婴儿出生后的六到十二个月对其进行了跟踪调查，发现当父母给婴儿看带有特定标签的脸或物体的书时，他们学到
的更多。
[20:51.18]This is in contrast to books that did not name images, or books that had the same label
under each image. 这与没有图像的书籍或在每个图像下都是相同标签的书籍形成对比。
[20:58.35]Books that named different characters also promoted greater learning. So what does this mean
for parents? 具有不同角色的书籍也会促进学习。那么这对父母意味着什么呢？
[21:06.22]Not all books are created equal, so parents need to choose the books they share with their
children with great care. 并非所有的读书都是等效的，所以父母需要非常谨慎地选择与孩子分享的书。
[21:14.12]Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. 请根据你刚听到的短
文回答第22至25题。
[21:20.30]22. What does the passage say parents increasingly understand? 22. 短文指出父母越来越
理解什么？
[21:40.52]23. What can predict children's reading skills according to recent research? 23. 根据最近的
研究，什么可以预测孩子的阅读能力？
[22:01.19]24. What kind of books are said to help babies learn more? 24. 据说什么样的书可以帮助
婴儿学到更多？
[22:21.18]25. What are parents advised to do at the end of the passage? 25. 短文最后建议家长做
什么？
[22:41.91]That's the end of listening comprehension.听力考试到此结束。
