文档内容
2023～2024 学年第一学期高三四校联考（一）
英语试卷
命题学校：中山市实验中学 命题：欧阳凤枝 周文庭 审题：张梅莉
说明：本试题共8页，满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室
号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应
位置上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点
涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
第一部分 选择题（共二节，满分50分）
第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
OldFurnitureFallingApart?
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the material to be used; (4) the timeline for the work to be completed. That gives us enough
information to create a custom quoted price, then you can review it and book an in-person
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We’re excellentat creating wonderfulfittings andfurniture with woods. Give us a call andlet
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司1.WhichworkisSouthwarkCarpenterscapableof?
A.Layingnewflooring. B.Custom-buildingahouse.
C.Repairingoldfurniture. D.Supplyinggood-qualitywoods.
2.Whatdoyouneedtodoforacarpentryservice?
A.Emailthestaffyourbudget. B.Makeaphonecallduringtheday.
C.Discusswiththestaffonline. D.Providerelateddatainadvance.
3.WhopraisedSouthwarkCarpentersforitslowprice?
A.Trankle. B.Loren. C.Dancy. D.Herbert.
B
Inearly2021,Ihitarutinmystudies.AsadoctoralcandidateattheUniversityofChicago in
Illinois, I worked to design safer, more effective materials for vaccine delivery. Although I had
been productive early in my graduate career, my long hours and hard work were no longer
translating into success in the laboratory, and I felt hopeless about achieving my goals. Something
hadtochange.
AsIbegantosearchforthecauseofmystruggles,Ibecameincreasinglyawarethatmy“quiet
time” at the lab bench — for instance, when I was running columns or experiments — was
anythingbut.Insteadofthinkingaboutscience,Iwaswatchingtelevisionorinteractingwith social
media on my smartphone.Although I could cover up this inefficiency with longer hours, my work
feltchaotic(混乱的)anddisorganized.Iwouldcomehomefromalongdayinthelabandrespond
to e-mails or messages over dinner or in bed. This all came to a head last summer, when my
inability to balance work and life led me to seek help from the university’s student mental-health
services.
Through a combination of consultation and personal reflection, I came to understand my
problem. To regain my focus, I chose to reduce my connectivity by using a basic mobile phone
without an Internet connection during work hours, and removing unnecessary apps from my
smartphonewhenIdiduseit.
Underscoring the addictive nature of smartphones, I experienced symptoms of withdrawal
when I first did this. With time, however,I began to make practical use of my quiet time. I started
readingpapersduringlongexperiments,anddevelopedahabitofwritinginmydowntime.
Perhaps most importantly, I have felt my anxiety decrease and my productivity and creativity
improvedramatically,tradingmychaoticwork-liferelationshipforonewithclearerboundariesand
plenty of new scientific ideas. Now, even when I do carry my smartphone, I feel less forced to
checkfore-mailsormessages,andcanconcentratemorecloselyonwhatevertaskisathand.
4.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“hitarut”inparagraph1mean?
A.Stoppedprogressingsmoothly. B.Hadveryslowreactions.
C.Acceptedhardwork’svalue. D.Overcameabigproblem.
5.Whatmadetheauthorstruggle?
A.Runningcolumnsorexperiments. B.Hisinabilitytogetmental-healthservices.
C.Replyingtoe-mailsormessages. D.Hisaddictiontothephone.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司6.Whatdidtheauthorchoosetododuringhisquiettimelater?
A.Reflectonhissuccessesandfailures. B.Learnpracticalwriting.
C.Watchtelevisionnews. D.Dosomereading.
7.Howdoestheauthorfeelnow?
A.Morecourageous. B.Moresociable.
C.Morefocused. D.Moreunderstanding.
C
When the company OpenAI developed its new artificial intelligence (AI) program, ChatGPT,
in late 2022, educators began to worry.ChatGPTcouldcreate text thatseemed like a human wrote
it. How could teachers discover whether students were using language created by anAI chatbot to
cheatonawritingtask?
As a linguist who studies the effects of technology on how people read, write and think, I
believe there are other more pressing concerns besides cheating. These include whether AI, more
generally, threatens student writing skills, the value of writing as a process, and the importance of
regardingwritingasatoolforthinking.
As part of my research on the effects ofAI on human writing, I surveyed young adults in the
U.S. about some issues related to those effects. One participant said that at some point if you
depend on predictive text, you’re going to lose your spelling abilities. Enter “Was Rom” into a
Google searchandyou’regiven alist of choiceslike “WasRome builtin a day”.Type“ple” into a
text message and you’re offered “please” and “plenty”. These tools complete our sentences
automatically, giving us little chance to think about our spelling, and continuously asking us to
followtheirsuggestions.
EvanSelinger,aphilosopher,worriedthatpredictive textingreducesthepowerofwritingasa
form of mental activity and personalexpression. “By encouraging us notto think too deeply about
our words, predictive technology may change how we deal with each other,” Selinger wrote. “We
give othersmore algorithms (算法) andless of ourselves.Automation canstop us thinking andthe
resultingtextdidn’tfeellikemineanymore.”
I asked ChatGPT whether it was a threat to humans’motivation to write. The bot responded:
“There willalways beademandfor creative, originalcontentthatrequirestheuniqueviewpointof
a human writer.” It continued: “Writing serves many purposes beyond just the creation of content,
such as self-expression, communication, and personal growth, which can continue to encourage
peopletowriteevenifcertaintypesofwritingcanbeautomated.”
Iwasgladtofindtheprogramhadseeminglyadmitteditslimitations.
8.Whatistheauthor’smainconcernaboutChatGPT?
A.Whetheritwillleadtostudents’cheating.
B.Whetheritwillshapestudents’writingstyle.
C.Howstudentswillmakeuseofitatschool.
D.Whateffectsitwillhaveonstudents’writing.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司9.WhatwillpredictivetechnologydotousaccordingtoEvanSelinger?
A.Giveusmorecreativeideas. B.Makeuswritelikeamachine.
C.Encourageustothinkmoredeeply. D.Makeustendtoignoregrammaticalmistakes.
10.WhatcanwelearnfromChatGPT’sresponse?
A.Writingwillbecomecompletelyautomated. B.Robotswillworkwithhumansinwriting.
C.Robotwritingwillbecomemorecreative. D.Humanwritingwillstillmatteralot.
11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.WhatimpactwillAIbringtowriting? B.Whatisthefutureofmodernliterature?
C.HowtoimprovewritingwithAI’shelp? D.HowtoapplyAItechnologytoeducation?
D
Two-thirds of the world population lives under conditions where the freshwater demand is
more than twice the naturalwater availability for atleast onemonth peryear.Accordingto official
statistics, one billion of those live in India and 0.9 billion live in China. Other areas facing this
problem for longer periods include Bangladesh (130 million people), the western and southern
states of the USA (130 million), Pakistan (120 million), Nigeria (110 million), and Mexico (90
million).
Communitiesusearangeoftechniquestoovercomethisissue.Indrysummers,thosenearthe
coast can desalinate (淡化) seawater, although the process requires a large amount of energy and
expenditure. Some remote inland communities have alternative methods that suit their particular
conditions. For example, many high-altitude Chilean communities in theAndes use fog collectors,
specializednetsthatcangatherjustafewlitersaday.
Elsewhere,there’sanotheroptionavailable.ResearchersatETH Zurichhavedevelopedanew
device that passively harvests water from the air around the clock. The device is made up of a
specially coated glass pane (玻璃板) that reflects solar radiation and also radiates away its own
heat. In doing so, it cools down by as much as 15 degrees Celsius below the surrounding
temperatures. This difference in temperature between the air and the pane causes water vapor to
condense(凝结)onitsunderside,whichcanthenbeeasilycollected.
TestssofarhavebeenconductedonauniversitybuildinginZurichandsuggestthatthedevice
can produce twice as much water per day as other passive water-collection technologies. Under
ideal conditions, researchers harvested 0.53 decilitres of water per square metre of the surface per
hour.“That’sclose tothe theoreticalmaximum value of0.6decilitres per hour,whichis physically
impossibletoexceed,”saysIwanHachler,adoctoralstudentwhoisworkingonthetechnology.
The zero-energy input of the set-up could make it suitable for use in developing countries,
particularly in remote communities where water shortage is often combined with power shortages.
The scientists are hopeful that the device could be used with other water-collection methods, such
asdesalination,toincreaseproductivity.
12.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusbymentioningofficialstatisticsinParagraph1?
A.Freshwaterinsecurityisaglobalcrisis.
B.Waterresourcesareunevenlydistributedglobally.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C.Lackofwaterseriouslyrestrictsmanycountries’growth.
D.Developedcountriesarebetterathandlingwatershortages.
13.HowdomanyChileanslivingintheAndesdealwiththeinadequatewatersupply?
A.Byharvestingwaterfromfog.
B.Bybringinginseawaterandpurifyingit.
C.Bymovingtowater-richareasinsummer.
D.Bycuttingdownontheirwaterconsumption.
14.Whyisacoatedglasspaneusedinthenewdevice?
A.Toholdthecondensedwater. B.Toworkasacoolingsurface.
C.Togetridofharmfulsolarradiation. D.Torecordthechangesintemperature.
15.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewdevice?
A.Itproducessatisfyingoutcomes. B.Itislimitedtolaboratoryenvironments.
C.Ithasmetwiththeoreticalbottlenecks. D.Itneedsfurtherconfirmationfromexperts.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多
余选项。
“Beautyisonlyskindeep”itissaid.Thismeansthataperson’sappearanceisnotasimportant
astheircharacter.Yetitis strange whypeopleandespeciallywomen arewillingto spendafortune
onmakingthemselves moreattractive physically. 16 Thereasoncanonlybeone,andit
isthatbeautyhasitsadvantages.
Attractive people are more popular generally. Beauty draws a positive response from the
people around. This is obvious with children. For example, based on observation, there is a
tendency for adults to treat good-looking children better. This favorable treatment continues into
adulthood,asattractivepeoplearemorelikelytobechosenforleadershippositionsandgivenmore
opportunities. 17
Another important benefit that good-looking people enjoy is that they find a husband or wife
more easily. 18 This initial attraction may then develop into romantic feelings and a
seriousrelationshipifthecouplefindthattheyarecompatible(和睦相处的)witheachother.
On the other hand, beauty has a number of disadvantages as well. Firstly, a good-looking
person tends to attract unwanted attention from all kinds of people. The admirer may have bad
intentions and cause problems for the target. 19 It is thought that beauty and brains do
notgo together.Thus, attractive people may not gain respecteven when they deserve it because of
thisprejudiceagainstthem.
While every individual should take care of their outward appearance and look their best, they
shouldnotneglect(忽视)theirinnerbeautyorcharacter. 20 Also,theyshouldnotforget
physicalbeautyisindeed,onlyskindeepandwillnotlast.
A.Lifeisnotalwayseasyforbeautifulpeople.
B.Theskincareindustryisamulti-billiondollarbusiness.
5
学科网（北京）股份有限公司C.Itturnsoutbeingconventionallybeautifulhasitsbenefits.
D.Itisafactthatpeoplearefirstattractedtooutwardappearance.
E.Theyshouldnotplacesuchimportanceonbeautythattheybecomeproud.
F.Beingwell-treatedgivesattractivepeoplemoreconfidenceandtheyperformbetter.
G.Anotherproblemfacedbygood-lookingpeopleisthattheymaynotbetakenseriously.
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenourneighbor’s94-year-oldfatherpassedaway,hismothermovedinwiththem.She
21 ahomefullofcannedgoods.Later,thewomen’sgroupinourcommunity 22 that
anyone in need of home canning supplies could come to the 23 and take what was
available.Thecontentsweretoooldtoeat,butthejarscouldbe 24 .
Iwas a newcannerwith notmuch 25 buta desireto domore, soour family setout
to 26 supplies. When we 27 , we found three decades of frugality (节俭) and
preparedness.Inthebasementofthehomewasastorehouseof 28 andcannedhome-grown
foods. Different-sized jars were filled with decades of autumn’s harvests. 29 from those
shelveswerejams,vegetables,fruit,beans,juice,andsmokedfish.
30 ,forourfamilytomakeuseofthejars,thefruitsofharvestspasthadtobe 31 .
I carried the jars to the backyard, my wife 32 them and emptied their contents, my older
soncleanedthemoutandmydaughterkeptthebaby 33 .ThateveningI 34 sanitizing
(消毒)theglassjars.
On that day, we filled our vehicle with jars, but more 35 , we filled our family with
lessonsoflife.Iamgratefulforthegoodexamplesofourneighbors.
21. A.cameacross B.heardabout C.leftbehind D.heldback
22. A.announced B.admitted C.predicted D.pretended
23. A.shelter B.house C.restaurant D.park
24. A.essential B.powerful C.familiar D.useful
25. A.effort B.energy C.equipment D.pressure
26. A.buy B.deliver C.witness D.collect
27. A.gathered B.slid C.arrived D.escaped
28. A.stolen B.preserved C.baked D.damaged
29. A.Lookingdown B.Showingoff C.Turningup D.Breakingaway
30. A.Hopefully B.Finally C.Expectedly D.Unfortunately
31. Ashared B.frozen Cprotected D.removed
32. A.packed B.opened C.painted D.repaired
33. A.entertained B.annoyed C.frightened D.bathed
34. A.laughedat B.referredto C.stayedup D.appliedfor
35. A.strictly B.significantly C.urgently D.amazingly
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Anewstudyhasshownthatconsumingartificialsweetener(甜味剂)mayleadtoanincreased
risk of cancer. The study, 36 appeared in the journal PLOS Medicine, indicates that
individualswhotakeinhigher-than-averageamountsofartificialsweetenerare13%morelikely
37 (suffer)fromcancer.
The authors of the study collected daily dietary 38 (diary) from 102,865 French
adults over eight years.After 39 (take) into account other risk factors for cancer such as
age, weight, physical activity, and fat intake, the authors found those consuming high amounts of
artificialsweetenerhadahighercanceroccurrencerate 40 non-consumers.Meanwhile,
they found that cancer rates were just as high in excessive consumers of artificial sweetener and
excessive sugar intake may be 41 (equal) associated with cancer risk, according to the
authors.
While artificial sweetener 42 (add) to many food products routinely, other kinds
of natural sweetener such as stevia (甜菊糖) are also highly popular with health-conscious eaters.
The study doesn’t note 43 these plant-based alternatives carry similar health risks or not.
However, from the study the authors draw the 44 (conclude) that artificial sweetener
shouldn’tbeusedas 45 safealternativetosugar.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假如你是李华，你的好友Caroline即将参加你们学校举办的留学生中文写作大赛的决赛，
写信询问你的建议。请你给她写封邮件，内容包括:
1. 表达祝贺; 2. 提供建议； 3. 表达祝愿
注意: 1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计人总词数。
DearCaroline,
Yourssincerely,
LiHua
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Edward walked slowly past the school blacktop where his older brother, Leon, was playing
basketballwith hisfriends.Leondidn’tnoticeEdwarduntilheturnedtoshoottheball.Leonreally
lovedbasketballandwasgoodatit.ButEdwardwasanotherstory.
EdwardwouldbegtoplaywiththembutLeon’sfriendscomplainedalot.Forsomereason,in
that last game, Edward’s playing was worse than ever. He couldn’t do anything right. He was
completely unable to keep possessionof the ball. He missed even the easyrebounds. His dribbling
(控球) was useless, and none of his throws were anywhere near the basket. Leon had to turn his
brotheraway.
Edwardwasalwaysageniusatmaths.Hewassoadvancedthathealreadyknewhowtosolve
longdivision problems before he was taught in school.Word problems, even the complicated ones
withseveralsteps,werenoproblem.
Oneday,Leon’smathsteacherpulledhimaside.“Youneedtodobetter,alotbetter,oryou’re
notgoingtopassthisclass.There’sabigtestcomingup.”
Leon’s heart sank. When he got home, he talked with Edward about it. The boys agreed that
over the next two weeks they intended to spend an hour each day after school working on maths
problemsandthenanhourplayingbasketball.
“Hereisagoodone,”Edwardsaidandpointedtoawordproblem.“Whydon’tyoureadit?”
Leonlookedatthebookforseveralseconds.“I'mdizzyalready!”heexclaimed.
“Do you know what the first step is?” asked Edward. “The first step is to stay cool and
focused,”EdwardtalkedLeonthroughtheproblem.“Thinkaboutwhatyouneedtofindout.Don’t
lettheproblem trick you.” Step by step,together they figured itoutandgotthe right answer.Leon
soondiscoveredthatEdwardwasreallygoodathelpinghim.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
Paragraph1:Soonitwastimeforbasketballpractice.
Paragraph2:ThemorningofthemathstestcamealltoosoonforLeon.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
