2016年6 月英语六级真题及答案
Part I Writing （30minutes）
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living
in the virtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people
spend more and more time in the virtual world instead of interacting in
the real world. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more
than 200words.
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
SectionA
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each
conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the
questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must
choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).
Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 -with a single line
through thecentre.
Questions1to 4arebasedon theconversation you havejustheard.
1.A) Project organizer.
B) Publicrelations officer.
C)Marketing manager.
D) Market research consultant.
2.A) Quantitativeadvertising research.
B) Questionnaire design.
C)Research methodology.
D) Interviewertraining.
3.A)They are intensivestudies of people's spending habits.
B)They examinerelations between producers and customers.
C)They lookfor new and effective ways to promote products.
D)They study trends or customersatisfaction overa longperiod.
4.A)Thelack ofpromotion opportunity.
B) Checking charts and tables.
C)Designing questionnaires.
D)Thepersistent intensity.
Questions5to 8arebasedon theconversation you havejustheard.
5.A) Hisview onCanadian universities.
B) His understanding ofhighereducation.
C)His suggestions forimprovements inhigher education.
D) Hiscomplaint about bureaucracy inAmerican universities.
6.A) It is well designed.
B) It is rather inflexible.
C)It varies amonguniversities.D) It has undergone great changes.
7.A)The United States and Canada can learn from each other.
B) Publicuniversitiesare often superior to privateuniversities.
C)Everyone should begiven equal access to highereducation.
D) Privateschools work more efficiently than publicinstitutions.
8.A) University systems vary from country to country.
B) Efficiency isessential to university management.
C)It is hard tosay which is better,a publicuniversity oraprivate one.
D) Many privateuniversities in theU.S. are actually large bureaucracies.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage,
you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions
will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the
best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark
the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the
centre.
Questions9to 11arebasedon the passageyouhavejustheard.
9.A) Government's role in resolving aneconomic crisis.
B)The worsening real wage situation around theworld.
C)Indications of economicrecovery in theUnited States.
D)Theimpact of thecurrent economic crisis onpeople's life.
10.A)They willfeel less pressure to raise employees5 wages.
B)They willfeel free tochoose themostsuitable employees.
C)They willfeel inclined to expand theirbusiness operations.
D)They will feel moreconfident in competing withtheir rivals.
11.A)Employees and companies cooperatetopull through theeconomic crisis.
B) Government and companies joinhands to createjobs for theunemployed.
C)Employees work shorter hours to avoid layoffs.
D)Teamwork will beencouraged in companies.
Questions12to 15arebasedon thepassageyouhavejust heard.
12.A)Whether memory supplements work.
B)Whetherherbal medicine works wonders.
C)Whetherexercise enhances one's memory.
D)Whether amagic memory promises success.
13.A)They help theelderly morethan the young.
B)They are beneficial in oneway oranother.
C)They generally donot havesideeffects.
D)They are not based onreal science.
14.A)They are available at most country fairs.
B)They are taken in relatively high dosage.
C)They are collected or grown byfarmers.D)They are prescribed bytrained practitioners.
15.A)They have often proved to beas helpful as doing mental exercise.
B)Takingthem with other medications might entail unnecessary risks.
C)Their effect lastsonly a short time.
D) Many have benefited from them.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed
by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After
you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1with asinglelinethrough thecentre.
Questions16to 18arebasedon therecording youhavejust heard.
16.A) Howcatastrophic natural disasters turn out tobe to developing nations.
B) HowtheWorldMeteorological Organization studiesnatural disasters.
C)Howpowerless humans appear to beinface ofnatural disasters.
D) Howthenegative impacts ofnatural disasters can bereduced.
17.A) By training rescue teams for emergencies.
B) By takingsteps to prepare people fbrthem.
C)By changing people's views of nature.
D) Byrelocating people tosafer places.
18.A) Howpreventive action can reducethe lossof life.
B) Howcourageous Cubans are in face ofdisasters.
C)HowCubans suffer from tropical storms.
D) Howdestructive tropical storms can be.
Questions19to 22arebasedon therecording youhavejust heard.
19.A) Pay back theirloans to theAmerican government.
B) Provideloans to thosein severe financial difficulty.
C)Contributemoreto thegoal of awider recovery.
D) Speed uptheirrecovery from thehousing bubble.
20.A) Somebanks may have tomerge withothers.
B) Many smaller regional banks are going tofail.
C)It willbe hard forbanks toprovide moreloans.
D) Many banks will haveto lay offsomeemployees.
21.A) It will work closely with thegovernment.
B) It willendeavor to writeoffbad loans.
C)It willtry to lowertheinterest rate.
D) It will try to providemore loans.
22.A) It won't helptheAmerican economy toturn around.
B) It won't doany good tothe majorcommercial banks.
C)It willwin the approval oftheObama administration.
D) It will benecessary ifthe economy starts to shrink again.Questions23to 25arebasedon therecording youhavejust heard.
23.A) Being unable to learn newthings.
B) Being rather slowto makechanges.
C)Losing temper moreand more often.
D) Losing the abilityto get onwith others.
24.A) Cognitivestimulation.
B) Community activity.
C)Balanced diet.
D) Fresh air.
25.A) Ignoring thesigns and symptoms ofaging.
B)Adopting an optimisticattitudetowards life.
C)Endeavoring to give upunhealthy lifestyles.
D) Seeking advice from doctors from timetotime.
Part ID Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
SectionA
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are<requii^d to
select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word
bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.
Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2
with a single linethrough the centre.You may not use any of thewords in
thebank more than once.
Questions26to 35arebasedon thefollowing passage.
Pursuing a career is an essential part of adolescent development. "The adolescent
becomes an adult when he 26 a real job." To cognitive researchers like Piaget,
adulthood meant thebeginning of an 27.
Piaget argued that once adolescents enter the world of work, their newly
acquired ability to form hypoth-eses allows them to create representations that are too
ideal.The 28of such ideals, without the tempering of the reality ofa job or profession,
rapidly leads adolescents to become 29 of the non-idealistic world and to press for
reform in a characteristically adolescent way. Piaget said: "True adaptation to society
comes 30whentheadolescent reformer attempts to puthis ideas towork."
Of course, youthful idealism is often courageous, and no one likes to give up
dreams. Perhaps, taken 31 out of context, Piaget’s statement seems harsh. What he
was 32 . however, is the way reality can modify idealistic views. Some people refer to
such modification as maturity. Piaget argued that attaining and accepting a vocation is
oneof thebest ways to modify idealized views and tomature.
As careers and vocations become less available during times of 33 , adolescents
may be especially hard hit. Such difficult economic times may leave many
adolescents 34 about their roles in society. For this reason, community interventions
and government job programs that offer summer and vacation work are not onlyeconomically 35butalso help tostimulatetheadolescent's sense ofworth.
A)Automatically
B) Beneficial
C)Capturing
D) Confused
E)Emphasizing
F) Entrance
G) Excited
H) Existence
I) Incidentally
J)Intolerant
K) Occupation
L) Promises
M)Recession
N) Slightly
O) Undertakes
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements
attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the
paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is
derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph
is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the
corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet 2.
Can societies berich andgreen?
[A] If our economies are to flourish, if global poverty is to be eliminated and if
the well-being of the world's people enhanced—not just in this generation but in
succeeding generations—we must make sure we take care of the natural environment
and resources on which our economic activity depends." That statement comes not, as
you might imagine, from a stereotypical tree-hugging, save-the-world greenie (环保
主 义 者 ) ， but from Gordon Brown, a politician with a reputation for rigour,
thoroughness and aboveall, caution.
[B] A surprising thing for the man who runs one of the world's most powerful
economies to say? Perhaps, though in the run-up to the five-year review of the
Millennium (千年的)Goals, he is far from alone. The roots of his speech, given in
March at the round table meeting of environment and energy ministers from the G20
group of nations, stretch back to 1972, and the United Nations Conference on the
Human Environment in Stockholm.
[C] "The protection and improvement of the human environment is<a^ major
issue which affects the wellbeing of peoples and economic development throughout
the world," read the final declaration from this gathering, the first of a sequence
which would lead to the Rio de Janeiro Earth Summit in 1992 and the WorldDevelopment Summit inJohannesburgthree years ago.
[D] Hunt through the reports prepared by UN agencies and development groups
一 many for conferences such as this year's Millennium Goals review—and you will
find that the linkage between environmental protection and economic progress is a
common thread.
[E] Managing ecosystems sustainably is more profitable than exploiting them,
according to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. But finding hard evidence to
support the thesis is not so easy. Thoughts turn first to some sort of global statistic,
some indicator which would rate the wealth of nations in both economic and
environmental terms and showa relationship between thetwo.
[F] If such an indicator exists, it is well hidden. And on reflection, this is not
surprising; the single word "environment" has so many dimensions, and there are so
many other factors affecting wealth—such as the oil deposits—that teasing out a
simpleeconomy-environment relationship would be almostimpossible.
[G] The Millennium EcosystemAssessment, a vast four-year global study which
reported its initial conclusions earlier this year, found reasons to believe that
managing ecosystem sustainably—working with nature rather than aganist it—might
beless profitable in theshort term, but certainly brings long-term rewards.
[H] And the World Resource Institute (WRI) in its World Resource 2005 report,
issued at the end ofAugust, produced several such examples from Africa andAsia; it
also demonstrated that environmental degradation affects the poor more than the rich,
as poorer people derive a much higher proportion of their income directly from the
natural resources around them.
[I] But there are also many examples of growing wealth by trashing the
environment, in rich and poor parts of the world alike, whether through unregulated
mineral extraction, drastic water use for agriculture, slash-and-bum farming, or
fossil-fuel-guzzling (大量消耗)transport. Of course, such growth may not persist in
the long term 一 which is what Mr. Brown and the Stockholm declaration were both
attempting to point out. Perhaps the best example of boom growth and bust decline is
the Grand Banks fishery. For almost five centuries a very large supply of cod (绣
鱼)provided abundant raw material for an industry which at its peak employed about
40,000 people, sustaining entire communities in Newfoundland. Then, abruptly, the
cod population collapsed. There were no longer enough fish in the sea for the stock to
maintain itself； let alone an industry. More than a decade later, there was no sign of
the ecosystem rebuilding itself. It had, apparently, been fished out of existence; and
the once mighty Newfoundland fleet now gropes about frantically for crab on the sea
floor.
[J ] There is a view that modem humans are inevitably sowing the seeds of a
global Grand Banks-style disaster. The idea is that we are taking more out of what
you might call the planets environmental bank balance than it can sustain; we are
living beyond our ecological means. One recent study attempted to calculate the
extent of this "ecological overshoot of the human economy", and found that we are
using 1.2 Earth's-worth of environmental goods and services—the implication beingthat at some point the debt will be called in, and all those services 一 the tings which
theplanet does forus forfree—will grind toahalt.
[K]Whether this is right, and if so where and when the ecological axe will fall, is
hard to determine with any precision—which is why governments and financial
institutions are only beginning to bring such risks into their economic calculations. It
is also the reason why development agencies are not united in their view of
environmental issues; while some, like the WRI, maintain that environmental
progress needs to go hand-in-hand with economic development, others argue that the
priority is to build a thriving economy and then use the wealth created to tackle
environmental degradation.
[L] This view assumes that rich societies will invest in environmental care. But
is this right? Do things get better or worse as we get richer? Here the Stockholm
declaration is ambiguous. In the developing countries," it says, "most of the
environmental problems are caused by under-development. So it is saying that
economic development should make for a cleaner world? Not necessarily; In the
industrialized countries, environmental problems are generally related to
industrialization and technological development," it continues. In other words, poor
and rich both over-exploit the natural world, but for different reasons. Ifs simply not
true that economicgrowth will surely make ourworld cleaner.
[M] Clearly, richer societies are able to provide environmental improvements
which lie well beyond the reach of poorer communities. Citizens of wealthy nations
demand national parks, clean rivers, clean air and poison-free food. They also,
however,use far more natural resources—fuel, water (all those baths and golf courses)
and building materials.
[N]A case can be made that rich nations export environmental problems, the
most graphic example being climate change. As a country's wealth grows, so do its
greenhouse gas emissions. The figures available will not be completely accurate.
Measuring emissions is not a precise science, particularly when it comes to issues
surrounding land use; not all nations have released up-to-date data, and in any case,
emissions from some sectors such as aviation are not included in national statistics.
But the data is exact enough for a clear trend to be easily discernible. As countries
become richer, they produce more greenhouse gases; and the impact of those gases
will fall primarily in poorparts of theworld.
[O]Wealth is not, of course, the only factor involved. The average Norwegian is
better or than the average US citizen, but contributes about half as much to climate
change. But could Norway keep its standard of living and yet cut its emissions to
Moroccan or even Ethiopian levels? That question, repeated across a dozen
environmental issues and across our diverse planet, is what will ultimately determine
whether the human race is living beyond its ecological means as it pursues economic
revival.
36. Examples show that both rich and poor countries exploited the environment
foreconomic progress.
37.Environmental protection and improvement benefit peopleall over theworld.38.It is not necessarily truethat economic growth will makeour world cleaner.
39. The common theme of the UN reports is the relation between environmental
protection and economic growth.
40. Development agencies disagree regarding how to tackle environment issues
whileensuring economic progress.
41. It is difficult to find solid evidence to prove environmental friendliness
generates moreprofits than exploiting thenatural environment.
42.Sustainablemanagement ofecosystems willprove rewarding inthelongrun.
43. A politician noted for being cautious asserts that sustainable human
development depends onthenatural environment.
44. Poor countries will have to bear the cost for rich nations' economic
development.
45. One recent study warns us of the danger of the exhaustion of natural
resources onEarth.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some
questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice
and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line
through thecenter.
PassageOne
Questions46to 50arebasedon thefollowing passage.
Interactive television advertising, which allows viewers to use their remote
controls to click on advertisements, has been pushed for years： Nearly a decade ago
it was predicted that viewers of “Friends", a popular situation comedy, would soon be
able to purchase a sweater like Jennifer Aniston's with a few taps on their remote
control. "It's been the year of interactive television advertising for the last ten or
twelveyears," says Colin Dixon ofa digital-media consultancy.
So the news that Cablevision, an American cable company, was rolling out
interactive advertisements to all its customers on October 6th was greeted with some
skepticism. During commercials, an overlay will appear at the bottom of the screen,
prompting viewers to press a button to request a free sample or order a catalogue.
Cablevision hopes to allow customers to buy things with their remote controls early
nextyear.
Television advertising could do with a boost. Spending fell by 10% in the first
half of the year. The popularization of digital video recorders has caused advertisers
to worry that their commercials will be skipped. Some are turning to the Internet,
which is cheaper and offers concrete measurements like click-through
rates—specially important at a time when marketing budgets are tight. With the
launch of interactive advertising, "many of the dollars that went to the Internet will
comeback to theTV," says David Kline ofCablevision.Or so theindustry hopes.In theory, interactive advertising can engage viewers in a way that 30-second
spots donot. Unileverrecently ran interactivecampaign foritsAxedeodorant^ 臭剂)，
which kept viewers engaged formore than three minutesonaverage.
The amount spent on interactive advertising on television is still small. Magna,
an advertising agency, reckons it will be worth about $138 million this year.That falls
far short of the billions of dollars people once expected it to generate. But DirecTV,
Comcast and Time Warner Cable have all invested in it. A new effort led by Canoe
Ventures, a coalition of leading cable providers, aims to make interactive advertising
available across America later this year. BrightLine iTV, which designs and sells
interactive ads, says interest has surged: it expects its revenues almost to triple this
year. BSkyB, Britain's biggest satellite-television service, already provides 9 million
customers withinteractiveads.
Yet there are doubts whether people watching television, a "lean back" medium,
crave interaction. Click- through rates have been high so far (around 3-4%, compared
with less than 0.3% online), but that may be a result of the novelty. Interactive ads
and viewers might notgo well together.
46. What does Colin Dixon mean by saying "It's been the year of interactive
television advertising forthelastten ortwelveyears" (Line4,Para. 1)?
A) Interactivetelevision advertising will become popularin 10-12 years.
B) Interactive television advertising has been under debate for the last decade or
so.
C) Interactive television advertising is successful when incorporated into
situationcomedies.
D) Interactivetelevision advertising has not achieved theanticipated results.
47. What is the public's response to Cablevision's planned interactive TV
advertising program?
A) Prettypositive.
B)Totally indifferent.
C)Somewhat doubtful.
D) Rathercritical.
48. What is the impact of the wide use of digital video recorders on TV
advertising?
A) It has madeTVadvertising easily accessibletoviewers.
B) It helps advertisers to measure the click-through rates.
C)It has placed TVadvertisingat a great disadvantage.
D) It enables viewers to check thesales itemswith ease.
49.Whatdo welearn aboutUnilever's interactive campaign?
A) It proves theadvantage ofTVadvertising.
B) It has done well in engaging theviewers.
C)It helps attract investments inthe company.
D) It has boosted theTVadvertising industry.50.Howdoes theauthorview thehitherto highclick-throughrates?
A)They may be dueto thenovel way ofadvertising.
B)They signify the popularity ofinteractiveadvertising.
C)They pointtothegrowing curiosity ofTVviewers.
D)They indicate thefuturedirection ofmedia reform.
PassageTwo
Questions51to 55arebasedon thefollowing passage.
What can be done about mass unemployment? All the wise heads agree: there
are no quick or easy answers. There's work to be done, but workers aren't ready to do
it—they're in the wrong places, or they have the wrong skills. Our problems are
"structural," and willtake many years tosolve.
But don't bother asking for evidence that justifies this bleak view.There isn't any.
On the contrary, all the facts suggest that high unemployment inAmerica is the result
of inadequate demand. Saying that there're no easy answers sounds wise, but ifs
actually foolish: our unemployment crisis could be cured very quickly if we had the
intellectual clarity and political will to act. In other words, structural unemployment is
afake problem, which mainly serves as an excusefor not pursuing real solutions.
The fact is job openings have plunged in every major sector, while the number of
workers forced into part-time employment in almost all industries has soared.
Unemployment has surged in every major occupational category. Only three states,
with a combined population not much larger than that of Brooklyn, have
unemployment rates below 5%. So the evidence contradicts the claim that we're
mainly suffering from structural unemployment. Why, then, has this claim become so
popular?
Part of the answer is that this is what always happens during periods of high
unemployment-in part because experts and analysts believe that declaring the problem
deeply rooted, with noeasyanswers, makes them sound serious.
I’ve been looking at what self-proclaimed experts were saying about
unemployment during the Great Depression; it was almost identical to what Very
Serious People are saying now. Unemployment cannot be brought down rapidly,
declared one 1935 analysis, because the workforce is "unadaptable and untrained. It
cannot respond to the opportunities which industry may offer." A few years later, a
large defense buildup finally provided a fiscal stimulus adequate to the economy's
needs—and suddenly industry was eager to employ those "unadaptable and
untrained" workers.
But now, as then, powerful forces are ideologically opposed to the whole idea of
government action on a sufficient scale to jump-start the economy. And that,
fundamentally, is why claims that we face huge structural problems have-been
multiplying: they offer a reason to do nothing about the mass unemployment that is
crippling oureconomy and our society.
So what you need to know is that there's no evidence whatsoever to back these
claims. We aren't suffering from a shortage of needed skilled; we're suffering from a
lack of policy resolve. As 1 said, structural unemployment isn't a real problem, ifs anexcuse—a reason not to act on America's problems at a time when action is
desperately needed.
51. What does the author think is the root cause of mass unemployment in
America?
A) Corporatemismanagement.
B) Insufficient demand.
C) Technologicaladvances.
D) Workers' slowadaptation.
52. Whatdoes theauthorthinkofthe experts' claim concerning unemployment?
A) Self-evident.
B) Thought-provoking.
C) Irrational.
D) Groundless.
53. What does the author say helped bring down unemployment during the
GreatDepression?
A) Theboomingdefense industry.
B) The wiseheads, benefit package.
C) Nationwidetraining ofworkers.
D) Thorough restructuring ofindustries.
54. Whathas causedclaims of huge structural problems to multiply?
A) Powerful oppositiontogovernments stimulus efforts.
B) Very Serious People's attempt to crippletheeconomy.
C) Evidence gathered from many sectors oftheindustries.
D) Economists'failure to detect theproblems in time.
55. Whatis theauthor'spurposeinwriting thepassage?
A) Totestify totheexperts, analysis ofAmerica's problems.
B) Tooffera feasiblesolutiontothestructural unemployment.
C) Toshowtheurgent need forthe government to take action.
D) ToalertAmerican workers to theurgency for adaptation.
Part IV Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes te translate a passage from
Chineseinto English.You shouldwriteyour answer onAnswer Sheet 2.
中国的创新正在以前所未有的速度蓬勃发展。为了在科学技术上尽快赶超世
界发达国家，中国近年来大幅度增加了研究开发资金。中国的大学和研究所正在
积极开展创新研究，这些研究覆盖了从大数据到生物化学、从新能源到机器人等
各类高科技领域。它们还与各地的科技园合作，使创新成果商业化。与此同时，
无论在产品还是商业模式上，中国企业家也在努力争做创新的先锋，以适应国内
外消费市场不断变化和增长的需求。【 参 考 答 案 】
【参考范文】
Nowadays, with the development of Internet and the information technology,
more and more people have access to the virtual world, and when it comes to the
issue of living in the virtual world, individuals' opinions vary from person to person.
Some people believe that the virtual world and its colorful and all-mighty contents
will enlighten our life, while others are worried about that it will ruin the whole
society.As I see it, the issue that an increasing number of people are indulging in the
virtual world can be irresistible in the coming future, which brings out the best and
theworst inus.
First and foremost, people's life will be absolutely and definitely changed for the
future generation. With computer machines and social network becoming pervasive,
there is no need for people to endeavor to finish those complicated working stuff
anymore, which will be replaced by only a few computer programs. However, that
quick way to handle problems will also isolate people and hinder the communication
among them. Consequently, they may be increasingly indifferent and cold-blooded
since peopleare separated entirely.
In a word, the trend that individuals choose to live in the virtual world will
become more and more prevalent for sure. It is time that we took some immediate
measures to improvethesituation at themoment.
【1-5】DADBA 【6-10】BCCBA 【11-15】CADDB 【16-20】DBACB
【21-25】DDAAC
【26-30】OKHJA 【31-35】NEMDB
【36-40】ICLDK 【41-45】EGANJ
【46-50】DCCBA 【51-55】BDAAC
【翻译参考译文】
China's innovation is booming faster than ever before. To catch up with and
surpass the developed countries in science-and technology as soon as possible, China
recently has raised its research and development investment greatly. Universities and
research institutions in China are actively doing innovation studies which cover all
high-tech fields such as mass data base, biochemistry, new energy and robots. They
also cooperate with Science Parks around the world to commercialize their innovation
accomplishments. Meanwhile, Chinese entrepreneurs have been striving to become
pioneers in innovation in terms of both products and commercial models to adapt to
the changing and increasing needs in both international and domestic consumption
markets.
