文档内容
Unit 5 Working the land
Part 1 Reading and Thinking
课前积累
词性转换
1. consist vi. 组成→________ adj. 一致的； 连续的
2. consume vt. 消费； 消耗→________ n. 消费者→ ________ n. 消耗
3. elegant adj. 优雅的 →________ n. 优雅
4. prior adj. 先前的； 优先的 →________ n. 优先权
5. stable adj. 稳定的； 稳重的 →________ n. 稳定性
6. except prep. 除了 →________ adj. 特别的； 罕见的
7. minimum adj最小的； 最低（限度）的 n. 最小值 →________ v. 最小化
8. associate v. 联系； 联想→________ n. 关联； 协会
9. moderate adj. 适度的； 合理的→________ n. 适度； 合理
课后培优练级
练
培优第一阶——基础过关练
I. 单词拼写
1．The s__________(短缺）of fresh water made the people in this area hard to live.
2．C__________(传统的) wisdom has it that mountain biking is far more dangerous, but I disagree.
3．We need a big win to b________(增强，促进) our confidence.
4．At first, we were suspected, but we finally c___________ them of our honesty.
5．People waited outside for the chance to see some________(名人).
6．A ______(特征)of this animal is its ability to live for a long time without water.
7．My muscle may be not strong enough for such an ______ (激烈的)sport.
8．We can ________ (克服) any difficulty, however great.
9．The efficiency of study is related to the focus of mind rather than________(消耗) of time.
10．Currently, it is ________（估计）that heating water accounts for about 5% of the carbon footprint of the US.
11．A child’s vocabulary ______ (扩大) mainly through reading.
12．Karl Marx ________________(献身) himself to the revolution cause.
13．The two groups of children have quite different _________ (特点).
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司14．The sense of ________ (视觉) is one of the important ways that the mankind obtain an outside information.
15．To Youyou has________(奉献) all her energies to medicine science.
16．This approach is based on the ___________(假设) that people will be most interested in the activities they
choose for themselves.
17．Water is _______________ (组成) of hydrogen and oxygen.
18．She is too young to tell if she can really ________(致力于) herself to ballet.
19．He is thinking of ______________(扩展) his business.
II.选词填空
approve of；be consistent with；complain；encounter；end up
be related to；devote oneself to；convince；rely on；pretend to
1．As is known to all, physics ________ math.
2．As we missed the last bus, we ________ taking a taxi home.
3．If you want to take the position, you’ll need to ________ the boss of your enthusiasm for it.
4．You can believe what Tom said. His action ________ his words.
5．My parents need to know exactly where I plan to go before they can ________ my trip.
6．Linda decided to ________ supporting her son in pursuing his dream.
7．All passersby ________ about the stone in the center of the road, but nobody tried to move it.
8．Mark closed his eyes and ________ be asleep.
9．Sherry lost her hearing when she was young and now she ________ hearing aids and lip-reading.
10．Being an explorer means taking risks and ________ various difficulties on the road to the unknown.
III. 单句语法填空
1．You should give ________ evidence to make yourself ________.(convince)
2．__________ (devote) to the old lady aged 60, the two little yellow dogs were with her for 196 hours till she was
rescued.
3．As long as we are united, there is no difficulty we can ________(overcome).
4．It’s common sense that gas and oil ________(consume) always increases in cold winter.
5．She was no longer able to distinguish between imagination and ________(real).
6．________(attain) five “A” grades, we must work harder and harder.
7．Only when the results came out did he realize that he should ________ (devote) himself to his studies, but it
was too late.
8．There is a ________ (short) of fresh water on the island.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司9．The ___________ (characteristic) of Chinese music are related to the Chinese language where the same
pronunciation with different tones represents different meanings.
10．__________ (comprise) of the 28,600 nurses, a medical team departed from Daqing to Shanghai last week,
where COVID-19 outbreak occurred.
11．Our ambition is______________(expand)Huaiwei as a powerful, globally consistent, first-class brand.
IV. 翻译句子
1．拍摄完成后，导演花了六个月的时间剪辑电影。(devote) （汉译英）
2．恰当地利用肢体语言可以帮助你克服与人交流的障碍。(用-ing形式作主语) （汉译英）
3．金属遇热则膨胀。（expand）（汉译英）
4．他们是如何克服这个问题的还不得而知。（overcome；unknown）（汉译英）
5．直到这个以前很常见的物种被报道濒临灭绝，相关当局才深信现在是迎接挑战而不是打退堂鼓的时候。
（It, edge, convince, rise）（汉译英）
V. 课文语法填空
Known as the “father of hybrid rice", Yuan Longping is one of China's 1 (famous) scientists,
who considers himself a farmer 2 his fame and influence. 3 (tackle) the crisis of food
4 (short), he attended Southwest Agricultural College and made up his mind to study agriculture. Then as a
researcher, he was devoted to finding 5 approach to boosting yields without expanding the area of
land. 6 (overcome) enormous difficulties, he developed the first hybrid rice in the world that could be
used for farming in 1974, which made 7 possible for farmers to expand their output 8
(great). Not only has his innovation helped to feed China, but it 9 (alleviate) hunger in other
countries depending on rice like India and Vietnam. Given his great contribution, he has received numerous awards
both in China and abroad. In spite of being wealthy, he cares little for celebrity or money and makes large donations
to support agricultural research. Old 10 he is, he is still working hard to fulfill his dream.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
培优第二阶——拓展培优练
阅读理解A
Yuan Longping is one of the greatest scientists in China. Having spent 50 years in agricultural (农业的)
research, he has made a great contribution in solving the problem of feeding the large population of China.
Yuan Long ping’s interest in agriculture began when he was still in primary school. Though his parents wished
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司that he could study science or medicine, Yuan Longping chose to study agriculture at university. After graduation in
1953, Yuan became a teacher in an agricultural school in a small town called Anjiang, where he stayed for 19 years.
Anjiang was the place where Yuan started his Hybrid rice (杂交水稻) research and eventually developed the world
–famous three-line hybrid rice.
During the period from the late 1950s to the early 1960s, China suffered from a nationwide famine (饥荒).
The suffering left a deep impession on YuanLongping, and he decided to make an effort to ensure that people in the
future would have enough food to eat. Since 1960, he has devoted himself to the research and development of a
better rice varietal (品种). Yuan Longping’s research was not supported in the beginning. Many people did not
believe he would succeed. However, with a lot of effort and research in the field, Yuan’s group developed the first
high-yielding (高产的) hybrid rice varietal in 1974. This rice yielded 20 percent more per unit than other rice
plants, putting China in the lead in worldwide rice production.
Since then, Yuan Longping’s hybrid rice has also been grown in over 20 countries and has been attracting
attention from the whole world, especially in areas at a risk from famine. Yuan Longping’s achievement is
considered achievement as a victory over the threat of famine.
As he accepted his Lifetime Achievement Award in 2019, Yuan Longping said that lifetime achievement
means to strive (奋斗) with all your life. He will continue to demonstrate the award through his own actions.
11．How long did it take Yuan Longping to develop the first high-yielding hybrid rice varietal?
A．14 years. B．19 years.
C．20 years. D．24 years.
12．What can we learn about Yuan Longping from the passage?
A．Yuan will stop his research when he gets older.
B．Yuan’s hybrid rice helps both China and other countries.
C．Yuan’s research on hybrid rice was always widely supported.
D．Yuan became interested in agriculture when he was in university.
13．What is the correct order of the following events?
a. Yuan achieved the Lifetime Achievement Award.
b. A national famine took place in China.
c. Yuan began to work as a teacher in an agricultural school.
d. Yuan’s hybrid rice started to be grown in other countries.
e. Yuan’s group developed the first high-yielding hybrid rice.
A．c-b-e-d-a B．c-b-a-d-e
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C．b-c-e-d-a D．b-c-a-d-e
14．What is the best title for the passage?
A．Fight Against Famine.
B．The Three-Line Hybrid Rice.
C．Lifetime Achievement Award for Yuan Longping
D．Yuan Longping—the Father of Hybrid Rice
阅读理解B
（2022·广东广州·高一期末）Nearly 700, 000 people have taken part in the world's largest wildlife survey,
helping to count the numbers of wild birds in the UK. The Big Garden Birdwatch is organised every year by a
charity called the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB). It is a chance for people to record the birds that
visit their garden, balcony or local green space. The survey gives the RSPB a snapshot of how different types of
birds are doing, and whether their populations are going up or down.
This year more than 11 million birds were counted. The house sparrow was the most commonly-seen garden
bird, with more than 1.7 million recorded sightings. However, despite hitting the top spot, its numbers are lower
than in 2021.
There was a rise in greenfinch numbers, which gives hope that the species may be recovering from a big drop
in population over the last 30 years, mainly caused by disease. The survey also showed that numbers of jay, a
colourful member of the crow family, have increased by 73% compared to 2021.
Almost 60, 000 schoolchildren took part in the survey, which involved spending an hour in nature counting
different types of birds. Wood pigeons were the most commonly spotted by schools, with an average of eight seen
by the schools that took part. Blackbirds came a close second.
The Big Garden Birdwatch bas been running since 1979, providing valuable information on the welfare of the
UK's wild birds for the last 43 years. The RSPB's chief executive officer. Rebecca Speight, said, “It's been brilliant
to see so many people taking part this year, taking time out to watch and reconnect with birds.” she added. “Spring
is amazing. Spring sees the return of nature's biggest music festival, the dawn chorus. Open your back door, a
window or simply step outside and listen.”
1．The Big Garden Birdwatch is held every year to ________.
A．make a survey on the world's wildlife B．develop family relationship in the UK
C．learn the present situation of UK's wild birdsD．encourage people to take photos of the wild birds
2．What can we know about the house sparrow?
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司A．It is usually spotted by schoolchildren. B．Its number decreases compared to last year.
C．It is the most commonly-seen bird in the world. D．It is a colourful member of the crow family.
3．Rebecca Speight's words implies that ________.
A．birds are easily watched and reconnected in spring
B．the connection between people and nature becomes closer
C．spring is the best time for music festivals outdoors
D．RSPB are becoming less popular among people
4．What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To instruct how to watch the birds. B．To describe different kinds of birds.
C．To argue for the protection of wild birds. D．To introduce a bird counting activity in the UK.
5．What is the author's attitude towards the activity?
A．Objective. B．Disapproving. C．Positive. D．Unclear
七选五
（2022·河南省实验中学高一期中）Seven of the world’s 15 most aid-dependent countries are islands in the
Pacific. ____14____. But now the changing weather patterns are another factor that could make low-lying islands
unfit for human beings to live long before most of them disappear.
Many of the ring-shaped coral islands have been able to adapt to sea-level rise, changing shape as sediment
(沉积物) decreases and waves push them around. But the natural adaptation of coastal ecosystems may be only
temporary: faster rates of sea-level rise, stronger waves and a growing human population may lower their ability to
adapt. ____15____.
Another risk more urgent comes from even small rises in the sea level. These can cause extremely high tides to
briefly but entirely cover the narrow parts of low-lying land. ____16____. The saltwater can kill crops such as
banana and gets into groundwater, making it unfit to drink. The companies that changing salty water into fresh
water are pricey and, like all machines, can fail. “____17____,” says Michael Walsh, a former economic adviser to
Kiribati. “But people of these islands may well die of thirst.”
____18____. “How to prepare to move a nation in dignity, that has never been done before,” says Kamal
Amakrane, a migration expert. “This is happening,” Mr Amakrane warns, “We have 10-15 years to prepare for it.”
A．It is important
B．That is one risk
C．The islands are not drowning
D．Such “king tides” are becoming more frequent
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司E．The depressing long-term solution may be to move
F．Tales of sinking islands have been going on for years
G．People can ask for help from the international organizations
培优第三阶——高考沙场点兵
阅读理解A
（2022·上海崇明·二模）China’s policy of planting trees is likely playing a significant role in tempering its
climate impacts. An international team has identified two areas in the country where the scale of carbon dioxide
absorption by new forests has been underestimated. Taken together, these areas account for a little over 35% of
China’s entire land carbon “sink”, the group says.
A carbon sink is any area that absorbs more carbon than it releases, such as forests, thereby lowering the
concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere.
China is one of the world’s major sources of human-produced carbon dioxide. But it has stated an intention to
peak the emissions before 2030 and then to move to carbon neutrality by 2060.
“Achieving China’s net-zero target by 2060 will involve a massive change in energy production and also the
growth of sustainable land carbon sinks,” said co-author Prof Yi Liu at the Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP),
Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. “The afforestation (植树造林) activities described in our Nature
paper will play a role in achieving that target,” he said.
China’s increasing leafiness has been evident for some time. Billions of trees have been planted in recent
decades, to tackle desertification and soil loss.
The new study modifies estimates for how much CO2 all these extra trees could be taking up as they grow.
The latest analysis examined a host of data sources. These consisted of forestry records, satellite remote-sensing
measurements of vegetation greenness, soil water availability, and observations of CO2, again made from space but
also from direct sampling of the air at ground level.
The two previously under-appreciated carbon sink areas are centred on China’s southwest, in Yunnan, Guizhou
and Guangxi provinces; and its northeast, particularly Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces.
Prof Shaun Quegan from Sheffield University, UK, studies Earth’s carbon balance but was not involved in this
research. He said the extent of the northeast sink was not a surprise to him, but the southwest one was. But he
cautioned that new forests’ ability to draw down carbon declines with time as the growth rate declines and the
systems move towards a more steady state.
Richard Black, director of the Energy and Climate Intelligence Unit (ECIU), a non-profit think-tank working
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司on climate change and energy issues, said, “However, although the forest sink is bigger than thought, no one should
mistake this as providing a ‘free pass’ way to reach net zero. For one thing, carbon absorption will be needed to
make up for ongoing emissions of all greenhouse gases, not just CO2; for another, the carbon balance of China’s
forests may be compromised (折中) by climate change impacts, as we’re seeing now in places such as California,
Australia and Russia.”
6．The word “tempering” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “_______”.
A．assessing B．solidifying
C．lessening D．authorizing
7．What can be learned about the new study?
A．It finds that China has stopped its desertification by planting trees.
B．It is based on data from both the ground and the satellites.
C．It warns that China will peak its emissions before 2030.
D．It overlooks the roles that the land carbon sinks play.
8．According to Prof Shaun Quegan and Richard Black, _______.
A．forest sinks absorb less carbon dioxide when they are growing
B．new forests are very likely to guarantee the target of carbon neutrality
C．the southwest sink won’t draw down as much carbon as the northeast one
D．many other factors need to be taken into account when assessing the forest sink
9．Which of the following is the best title of the passage?
A．Greenhouse Gas Emission Largely Reduced
B．Roles of Carbon Sinks Proved by New Study
C．China’s Forest Carbon Absorption Underestimated
D．Climate Impacts Balanced Due to China’s Afforestation
最好的题目是C选项“China’s Forest Carbon Absorption Underestimated(中国森林碳吸收被低估)”，故选C。
阅读理解B
（2022·广东·深圳市光明区高级中学模拟预测）As I work in the garden, I take my time and the garden is
teaching me about working with the earth. I recognize that there will be both successes and failures and there are
many variables that affect them both.
The quality of the seeds planted has a bearing on how well the plants will grow. But the weather affects that
most. It can be too hot, too cold, or exactly right, and usually fluctuates (起伏) between all three. Weeds seem to
grow well in the garden and need to be taken care of and pulled to ensure they do not destroy the fruits, vegetables,
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司and flowers we have so lovingly planted.
I take time to stand back and rest, and to observe the plants and how they are growing. Each plant is unique
and develops in the way that is best for them. Some have large broad leaves to protect their fruit from the harsh rays
of the sun, while other plants are more open, their fruit needing the light to grow and ripen.
Getting my hands dirty, feeling the sweat on my brow, and the strength and flexibility of my body as I dig,
bend and work under the warm summer sun, reminds me I am alive in ways I would not have remembered sitting
on the couch.
It is very inspiring to move things around, to transplant, and to disturb the natural order of how plants grow.
The garden teaches me that it is important to know when to disturb things and when to let them be. The garden’s
life cycle follows a pattern that is repeated according to laws of nature, birth, and growth, and then dies and it
teaches us to accept this fact.
Perhaps life is like the garden, successes and failures, time to be active and time to rest, to let go of what is no
longer needed, to cultivate (培养) what helps us to grow into our light and power, and to embrace life from
beginning to end.
10．What affects how well plants grow most?
A．The weather. B．The seeds. C．The soil. D．The weeds.
11．What can be inferred from this text?
A．Weeds grow better than fruits and vegetables.
B．Gardening is rewarding to the author.
C．All plants are unique, but grow in the same way.
D．Gardening is quite time-consuming.
12．Why is the author inspired to work in the garden?
A．He can build up his body.
B．He can get a good harvest by working.
C．Gardening gives him an insight into life.
D．There are successes and failures in gardening.
13．Which of the following will the author probably agree with?
A．No sweet without sweat.
B．As a man sows, so he shall reap.
C．What has been done cannot be undone.
D．Pursue the best, and accept the worst.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司七选五
（2022·内蒙古包头·二模）What is a “transplant?” In gardening, transplant is the process of planting seeds
inside and then moving the new growth, or sprout, outside. Transplanting is easy and often costs less. You get to
watch the new growth happen up close. ____19____ A garden expert and writer for the Associated Press, Lee
Reich, can give you his advice.
To get started with transplants, you will need a container and soil. ____20____ Fill the containers with a
special mix called potting soil and push it down — but not too much.
____21____ Do this by making a small hole into the mix and put in the seeds. Cover the seeds with the potting
soil and press gently again. Place the containers in a pan, or any flat, open, and larger container that could hold
some water. Put water into the pan until the water reaches halfway up the containers with the seeds. After a few
hours, remove them from the water.
Seeds need warmth to germinate. ____22____ A good average temperature for just about all seeds is about
24℃.
Now for the exciting part — waiting to see little, green sprouts! Remove all but the strongest sprout from each
container. ____23____ Your goal now is to grow strong transplants that can survive a move to the outside garden.
In four to six weeks, most transplants should be two to three times the height of their containers. They should
be strong and ready to be transplanted outside — or almost ready. Now... they are ready to go into the garden!
A．If you are new to this type of gardening, do not worry.
B．You are also an experienced gardener.
C．Then plant seeds, three or four in each container.
D．They are used to their future environment with a week of being outside.
E．The amount of warmth needed is different from plant to plant.
F．The containers should be between 5 to 10 centimeters deep.
G．Just be careful not to hurt the roots of the sprout that remains.
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