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衔接点 02 代词、数词（初高考点差异及衔接）
代词
初中要求 初中阶段学习的是各类代词的基本含义和用法，以及它们的句法功能
重点掌握不定代词和人称代词,其次是it的用法和替代词。要求考生将文章上下文意思联
高中要求 系起来填用正确的代词。因此, 做题时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注
意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。
【初中代词考点聚焦】
考点1. 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
1.Think about it and ask : have you really done everything right?
A.you B.yourself C.me D.myself
2.Your school library looks as modern as . Can you show me around?
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
3.The children have painted since could first pick up a brush.
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
考点2. 指示代词和it的用法
1. is our duty to make our country better and stronger.
A.It B.This C.That D.One
2.The gravity on Mars is only about three eighths of on the Earth.
A.that B.those C.one D.ones
考点3. 不定代词
1.—You’ve been so quiet today， Tom. Talk to me. Say something. !
—What am I supposed to say after all this? Just leave me alone!
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A. Something B.Anything C.Everything D.Nothing
2.—Coffee or milk， Jeff?
— is OK. I care little about it.
A.Both B.None C.Either. D.Neither
3.Look! some students are playing football， and are playing basketball.
A.the other B.another C.others D.other
【高中代词考点聚焦】
考纲解读
在句中用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。代词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语
等。近3年来, 高考重点考查不定代词和人称代词, 所考题量占所考代词总量的60%左右, 其次是it的用法
和替代词。试题的设计注重语境设置, 要求考生将文章上下文意思联系起来填用正确的代词。因此, 做题
时要在熟练掌握各类代词基本用法的基础上, 特别注意上下文句意和句子结构的分析。
考点清单
考点一、it的用法
要点精讲1：
it典型场合 典型示例
替代it：it用作人称代词， Learning is a bitter root, but it bears sweet fruit.学习根苦果甜。
用来指代事物或上文提到
I have bought a chair. It is made of wood.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。
过的内容。
The baby cried because it was hungry. 这个婴儿饿得啼哭。
代词it: it指时间、距离、 It's 112 miles from London to Birmingham. 从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。
天气等。
What time is it? It’s two-thirty. 几点了？现在是两点半。
形式it: it用作形式主语、 He found it exciting riding the roller coaster. 他觉得坐过山车很刺激。
宾语，不定式、动名词或
It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。
从句作真正主语
It's a pity that you have to go so soon.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。
强调it: it用在强调句it's … It was his parents that he turned to for advice.他向父母寻求建议。
who/that…中强调主语，宾
It was two years ago that I began to learn drawing. 正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。
语或状语
无实义it: it仅构成句型， I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.我能按时完成工作得感谢你。
无实义
I'll see to it that everything is ready in time.我会确保一切按时准备好。
习语it: it用于一些习惯搭 Believe it or not, Tom got married last week.信不信由你，汤姆上周结婚了。
配中
We made it to the summit of the mountain. 我们成功的登上了山顶。
要点精讲2：
it作形式主语 ①It is a pity/shame that ... 真可惜……
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司②It is no wonder that ... 难怪……
③It seems/appears that ... 似乎/看来……
④It looks/seems as if/as though ...看起来好像……
⑤It happens that ... 碰巧……
⑥It occurs to/strikes/hits sb that ...某人突然想起……
⑦It is said/reported that ... 据说/据报道……
⑧It is certain that ... ……是一定的
⑨It is no use/good doing ... 做……没有用/好处
⑩It takes sb some time to do...做……花费某人若干时间
①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋adj./n.＋for/of sb to do/that…从句
it作形式宾语
②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/...＋it＋no use/a waste of time/ ...＋doing ...
结合语境用适当的词填空。
1. Sarah made to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
2. No matter where he is, he makes _____a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.
3. It was along the Mississippi River ______Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.
4.I’d appreciate _________ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
5.Will you see to _____ that my birds are well looked after while I am away？
6.___________was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors．
7.Susan made _________clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself．
8.____ is impossible for us to finish the design before National Day.
9. _____ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
10. ________ is no wonder that he failed the exam.
考点二、 指示代词用法
要点精讲：
典型用法 典型示例
it代指上文提到的同一人、 --Where's your car?--It's in the garage.--你的汽车在哪儿？--在车库里。
同一物 Start a new file and put this letter in it. 建立一个新档案，把这封信放进去。
that指代上文提到的不可数 The population of China is larger than that one. 中国人口比日本多。
名词或单数名词 The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Hainan.北京的天气比海南冷。
those特指上文提到的复数 The houses in Zhengzhou are cheaper than those in Beijing. 郑州的房屋比北
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司名词 京房屋便宜。
one泛指上文提到的可数名 I lost my old camera; this is a new one. 我的旧相机丢了，这是一个新的。
词，前有定语 I'd like an apple. Are you having one, too? 我想买吃苹果，你也要吗？
ones代替泛指的复数名词 Green apples often taste better than red ones. 青苹果往往比红苹果好吃。
the one特指上文提到的单 This school is the one we visited last week. 这是我上周参观的那个学校。
数名词 Our house is the one next to the school. 我家的房子就是学校旁边的那座。
the ones特指上文提到的复 Don’t buy the expensive apples; buy the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，
数名词 买那便宜的。
such倒装句，考虑就近一
Such is the result of the contest. 这就是竞赛的结果。
致
在空白处填入1个适当的单词。
1. Sarah made ______ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.
2. Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to ______ of McDonald's.
28.We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ______ based on your own interests.
3. ______ is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
4. Helping others is a habit, _______ you can learn even at an early age.
5. --Silly me! I forget what my luggage looks like.
--What do you think of ______ over there?
6.At our factory there are a few machines similar to _______ described in this magazine.
7. Mr Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except _________who had already taken them.
8. My pen is missing. I still haven’t found _________. I want to buy a new _______.
9. The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ________ in the newspaper.
考点三、不定代词用法
要点精讲1：each, both, all等不定代词用法
典型用法 典型示例
each指两者或两者以上中每个 They each have their own email address. 他们每个人都有自己的电子邮件地
址。
both表示“两者都” Both his mother and his father will be there. 他父母二人都要去那里。
all指“(三者或三者以上)全部” All five men are hard workers. 五个人全都工作努力。
either表示“(两者中的)任何一 You can park on either side of the street. 这条街两边都可停车。
个”
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司neither表示“两者都不” Neither of my parents speaks a foreign language. 我的父母都不会说外语。
none表示“(三者或三者以上)全 We have three sons but none of them live nearby. 我们有三个儿子，但他们都不
无，没有一点” 住在附近。
nothing表示“没有任何东西” The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。
another泛指“(三者或三者以上 Heavy rains continued another three days. 大雨持续了三天。
中的)另一，又一”
Would you like another drink? 还想喝一杯吗？
other泛指“其余的”，只作定语 Are there any other questions? 还有其他问题没有？
others“另一些” Don't expect others to read your mind. 不要期望别人能看出你的心思。
the other特指两者之中的另一个 He raised one arm and then the other. 他先举起一只手，然后举起另一只。
the others“剩余的一些” I walked back while the others rode in the car. 别人都乘车，而我是走回来的。
一．结合语境用both, all, either, neither, none, nothing填空。
1. My brother would like to buy a good watch but _______was available from that shop.
2.---Would you like tea or coffee?
---_______ , thank you. I've just had some water.
3. Of all the books on the desk, __________is of any use for our study.
4. They produced two reports, ______ of which contained any useful suggestions.
5. You may drop in or just give me a call. _______ will do.
6.Both teams were in hard training; __________was willing to lose the game.
7. I made a call to my parents yesterday. To my disappointment, _______ of them answered it.
8.On _________ side/On _______sides of the road were green fields and some farm house.
9–How do you find your classmates?
–Most of them are kind, but ______ is so good to me as Bruce.
10. He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _______ of them again．
二：结合语境用something, anything, nothing, everything填空。
1. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with _________.
2. I got this bicycle for _________: My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.
3. There is _________ in his words. We should have a try.
4. I know that_________ would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.
5. She couldn't see or hear_________ at all.
限时训练三：结合语境用other, others, another, the other, the others填空。
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1. Recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is________.
2. I'll spend half of my holiday practicing English and _________ half learning drawing.
3. The manager believes prices will not rise by __________ four percent.
4. Both sides have accused _________of breaking the contract.
5.It is very necessary that children should be taught how to get along with_________.
6.Jack is hard-working and intelligent. In _________ words, I can’t speak too highly of him.
7. The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and ______ animals.
8. There are five language labs here. One is on the second floor and _________ are in the third floor.
9. To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against _______.
10. I don't know any French people _________ than you.
要点精讲2：
典型用法 典型示例
few修饰可数名词，否定含义， The last few winters have been very cold过去几个冬
“几乎没有” 天都很冷。
a few修饰可数名词，肯定含义， I have a few friends, but my younger sister has very
“几个；一些” few. 我有一些朋友，但我妹妹几乎没有朋友。
little修饰不可数名词，否定含义， There is little time left.几乎没剩下什么时间了。
“几乎没有”
a little修饰不可数名词，肯定含 She can speak a little French, but she knows little
义，“一点” English.她能讲点法语，但她几乎不懂英语。
many修饰可数名词，肯定含义， We don't have very many copies left. 我们所剩的册数
“许多” 不多。
much修饰不可数名词，肯定含义， I don't have much money with me. 我没带多少钱。
“许多”
限时训练四：结合语境用上述单词或词组的适当形式填空。
1.I try to visit my parents every ________ weeks.
2.He was advised to smoke ________ cigarettes and drink ________ beer.
3.But after the phone call, the journalist promised to ask ________ friends to teach him.
4.New drivers have twice as ________many accidents as experienced drivers.
5.Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are ________ likely to suffer from depression
1. As larger groups of people began living together in towns and cities, these populations needed reliable sources
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司of clean water, a network of streets for trade and a way to defend __________ (they) against unfriendly neighbors.
2. The middle route, the most prominent one due to __________ (it) role in feeding water to the nation’s capital,
begins at the Danjiangkou reservoir in the Hanjiang River in central province of Hubei and runs northeastward to
Beijing and Tianjin. It started supplying water in December 2014.
3. Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made __________ much more convenient and
popular both in China and overseas.
4. Jinling Library, founded in 1927, established __________ (it) first “Window of Chinese Books” overseas in
Nigeria in 2013. There will be more in the future.
5. He practiced rapidly moving the glove to his good hand after he had pitched the ball to his father. He was always
forcing __________ (he) to get that glove faster and faster.
6. A drama series named Medal of the Republic has appealed to a large audience on Chinese social media in the
last few weeks. __________ tells heart-warming stories about the first group of eight Chinese people who were
awarded the Medal of the Republic.
7. The variety show, Shang Xin Le Gu Gong, broadcast __________ (it) first episode (一集) on Beijing TV and
online streaming media site, iQiyi. com, on November 9. That first episode won wide acceptance from audience
and was thought highly of on Douban.com.
8.It is part of a drive by the Department for Education to address the rise in students who report __________ (they)
mental health issues at university.
9. She said that the motherland had left no stones unturned in __________ (it) efforts to support her in her fight
against the unfounded charges and to help her regain her freedom.
10.Song Dynasty military forces as early as 904 A.D. used gunpowder devices against __________ (they) primary
enemy, the Mongols.
11、When we begin to see things differently around us, we can open __________ (us) up to new possibilities and
new opportunities and clear out fear.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司数词
学习了基数词和序数词的基本用法，学习了hundred,thousand等表示约数的用法，以及与
初中要求
单位名词一起作定语或者作表语时的用法。
高中阶段要求考生在掌握初中所学的基数词、序数词、分数、小数等表示时间、日期、
高中要求 钟点、数目等的用法的基础上，重点掌握年代表示法、年龄表示法以及不定数量词表示
“多”的用法。高中阶段，数词表示比较的用法也比较常见
【初中数词考点聚焦】
考点1.基数词
1.—Jessie， where are you going this summer holiday?
—Yunnan. The weather is fine with temperatures in the .
A.twenty B.twenty’s C.twenties D.twentieth
2.It will be a sunny， hot day again today， with the temperature in the for the rest of the week.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.thirty B.thirtieth C.thirteen D.thirties
1.(2022宿迁)—People in our town planted trees on Tree Planting Day.
—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.
A.hundred B.hundred of C.hundreds D.hundreds of
考点2.序数词
1. Peng Min finally became the winner of season of CCTV’s Chinese Poetry Conference.
A.five B.fifth C.the fifth D.fifths
2.I have won the contest twice before. I can win for time.
A.the three B.third C.a third D.three
考点3.分数
1.There are fifty students in our class， and of us like football.
A.two third B.two thirds
C.two three D.second thirds
【高中数词考点聚焦】
考点清单
数词命题热点归纳
要点精讲1：基数词和序数词的用法
1.序数词前必须加the。如：The second is what I really need.第二个是我真正需要的。
2.序数词前若有限定词，则可以不用加the。如：It is my third time to visit Beijing. 这是我第三次参观北京。
3.序数词前面也可以加不定冠词a或an，表示“又一,再”，内含顺序性。如：We have tried it three times.
Must we try it a fourth time? 我们已经试过三遍了。还必须再试一次(第四次)吗?
要点精讲2：年龄、长、宽、高、面积等的表示方法
基数词加量词(meter(s) /kilometer(s)/kilo(s)/year(s)/...)加形容词(long/wide/high/deep)。如：
three years old 三岁大;
two meters tall 两米高;
ten meters long 十米长
要点精讲3：hundred, thousand, million与billion的用法
1. hundred, thousand, million, billion表示具体数目时用单数，在表示“数百”“数千”“数百万”“数十
亿”等不确定的数目时，用“hundreds of/thousands of/millions of/billions of+可数名词复数”表示。与of 连
用时，要用复数形式，但前面不能再加数字。如：thousands of factories 成千上万家工厂
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2. 与具体的数字one, two...或several, some, many等词连用时，要用单数形式。如：
five hundred people 500人
two thousand books 两千本书
many million trees 几百万棵树
要点精讲4：年份、日期与编号的表示法
1. 年份、日期、编号的表达
◆年份、日期表示法
通常英式英语表达为“日、月、年”，而美式英语表达为“月、日、年”。一般年份用基数词，日期
用序数词(可简写)，月份用月份名称，年份后面不用year(年)。如：
on August 8th, 2023在2023年8月8日
◆编号表示法
名词加基数词等于the加序数词加名词。
如：第一课Lesson One等于the first lesson;第二页Page Two等于the second page
路公车Bus Number 2 或the Number 2 bus。
有时可以直接用数字来表示。如：
Room Two O Six, Class Two， Grade One...(注意：使用时要注意大小写)
2. 年份、日期、时间的读法
◆年份：四位数通常分两组来读。
如：1999读作：nineteen ninety-nine
◆日期：用序数词来表示。
如：November 3rd读作：November the third
◆时间：时间的读法有以下方法：
一般直接按照表示时间的数字来读。另外英语中的15分钟也可以说成a quarter,如：
8:30读作：eight thirty
4:15读作:a quarter past four
要点精讲5：分数的构成
分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
►1/3 one third 7/9 seven ninths
【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：
►a half 二分之一 a quarter =one fourth 四分之一
three quarters=three fourths 四分之三
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司要点精讲6：其他重要表达方式：
half an hour半小时
one and a half hours 等于one hour and a half一个半小时
in one’s thirties在某人30多岁(区别：in the thirties在30年代)
an eight-year-old boy一个八岁的男孩
a 100-meter-long bridge一座100米长的桥
a ten-minute walk=ten minutes' walk步行10分钟的路程
two more hours=another two hours再多两个小时
1. It will be my ________ (fifteen) birthday next Sunday.
2.They are already in their ________ (thirty) without a child.
3.Two ________ (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children’ were left
without parents.
4.This is the ________ (nineteen) boy I’ve met this week that likes skating.
5.If food waste were a country, it would be the ________ (three) largest producer of greenhouse gases in the
world.”
6. If it is not turned in by the ________ (two) day after the due date, it will earn a zero.
7. In his ________ (thirtieth), he was quite thin and pale and he had red bushy hair.
8.The books on food are on the ________ (five) shelf.
9.Though in her ________ (seventy), she still worked 8 hours a day in the pet shop.
10.Whaling was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early ________ (twenty) centuries but
whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
11. The book is very interesting; I want to read it a ________ (three) time.
12.This unique art form developed in China in the late ________ (eighteen) century.
13.I’ve always loved the ocean. In the ________ (seven) grade, I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay
Aquarium in California.
学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司encourage take off sudden stop breathe serious danger hospital life
rush shock thanks to help but shout
It was a bright afternoon when Jonathan Bauer and his 13-year-old
daughter, Ava, were driving home on the bridge. 1 ,not far
ahead of them. a black truck run from one side to the other and caused a
2 accident, hanging over the railing(栏杆) of the bridge. Bauer
3 the car in time to avoid hitting it.
After making sure Ava was okay, Bauer got out of his car to see if anyone needed 4
.And then a shout came from the truck. The driver's door was opened and a man climbed out. He 5
to the railing. Bauer ran up beside him and saw a car seat in the water. Next to it was a girl, about two
years old. She was floating(漂浮) on her back, kicking and 6 . Bauer waited for the driver to
do something, 7 he didn't move. Maybe he was completely 8 .Bauer knew the
little girl was in great 9 .
“Ava!" Bauer shouted." Stay by the car!”
He 10 his shoes and quickly jumped into the shallow water. Bauer swam to the girl
and lifted her out of the water: eyes closed, not 11 .He patted(轻拍) her back to force the
water out of her body. 12 his first aid, her eyes were opened and she breathed again. A
moment later a lifeboat pulled up and both were helped to get on the boat. An ambulance(救护车)waited
on the bridge. Minutes later, they were taken to the nearest 13 .
Ava Bauer is 14 by her father's actions and she wants to become a firefighter so that
she could save 15 like him." That girl is going to live a whole life because of him. "she
says.“ It's great.”
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