文档内容
大庆铁人中学 2023 级高二下学期开学考试
英语试题答案
听力
1-5 ACBAC 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 CCACB 16-20ACABC
阅读理解
21-23：DBA 24-27 ：BAAC 28-31：BCDD 32-35：BCDD 36-40：FBDAG
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究在无动力制冷方面取得了新进展，研
究人员找到了用制冷剂替代机械冷却的可持续方法。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Now, researchers have found in a new study an inexpensive,
sustainable choice to replace mechanical cooling with refrigerants (制冷剂) in hot and dry
climates (现在，研究人员在一项新的研究中发现，在炎热干燥的气候条件下，用制冷剂代
替机械冷却是一种廉价、可持续的选择)”可知，此处是介绍用制冷剂代替机械冷却方法的
优势，再结合画线词的下文“the dangers of heat waves during electricity blackouts (停电期间
热浪的危险)”可推知，这种方法可以“减轻”这种风险，画线词应该与Relieve“缓解，
减轻”相近。故选B项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中“The researchers set out to answer how to achieve a new
benchmark (基准) for passive cooling inside naturally conditioned buildings in hot climates such
as Southern California. They examined the use of roof materials that radiate (辐射) heat into the
cold universe, even under direct sunlight, and how to connect them with temperature-driven air
exchanges (that is, air can enter buildings and circulate freely). (研究人员着手解决如何在南加
州等炎热气候的自然条件建筑内实现被动冷却的新基准。他们研究了屋顶材料的使用，这
些材料可以向寒冷的宇宙辐射热量，即使是在阳光直射下，以及如何将它们与温度驱动的
空气交换（即空气可以进入建筑物并自由流动）联系起来)”和“Researchers have also used
them to improve heat rejection from coolers. (研究人员还用它们来改善冷却器的散热)”可知，
本段主要介绍了研究人员进行研究的具体过程。故选C项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中““We did this without abandoning a healthy airing.” This was
never a piece of cake, considering air exchanges are a source of heat when the aim is to keep a
room cooler than the outside. (“我们做到了这一点，但没有放弃健康的通风。”这从来都不
是一件容易的事情，因为空气交换是一个热源，而目标是保持房间比外面更冷)”可知，
Remy Fortin认为实现无动力制冷的同时保留健康的通风是一项挑战，因为通风会带来热量。
故选D项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Salmaan Craig 所说的话“We hope that materials scientists,
architects, and engineers will be interested in these results, and that our work will inspire more
thorough thinking about how to connect breakthroughs in radiative cooling materials with simple
but effective architectural solutions (我们希望材料科学家、建筑师和工程师对这些结果感兴
趣，我们的工作将激发更深入的思考，如何将辐射冷却材料的突破与简单而有效的建筑解
决方案联系起来)”可知，研究人员希望研究结果可以激发更深入的思考，将材料科学上的突破与建筑设计联系起来。由此推知，他们希望加强材料科学在建筑中的应用。故选D项。
完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
【答案】41-45 CBADB 46-50 CACDA 51-55 BCADB
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她邀请所有的同学写一首关于他们有多伟大的“谎言
诗”，并大声朗读。A. rich富有的；B. busy忙的；C. great伟大的；D. smart聪明的。根据
下文“They were supposed to ________ untruths about themselves that made them sound
________ wonderful”可知，她邀请同学们写说自己很伟大的一些谎言诗。故选C。
42．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们应该编造一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难
以置信地好。A. point out指出；B. make up编造；C. hold back阻碍；D. rely on依靠。根据
下文“untruths”可知，既然是不真实的事情，那肯定是编造出来的。故选B。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们应该编造一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难
以置信地好。A. unbelievably令人难以置信的是；B. unconsciously无意识地；C.
unacceptably不能接受地；D. unreasonably不合理地。根据下文“They were supposed to
_______ untruths about themselves”可知，她的同学们被邀请写一些谎言，让自己听起来令
人难以置信地好。故选A。
44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我听诗的时候，我意识到孩子们实际上是在阐明他们未
来的图景。A. exaggerating夸大；B. restoring恢复；C. admiring欣赏；D. clarifying阐明。
根据下文“the picture of their future”可知，同学们通过写诗来描述或阐明自己的将来，空格
处是clarifying。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过“欺骗”自己，他们创造了自己未来想成为的样子。
A. sample样本；B. vision幻想，想象；C. message信息 ；D. principle原则。根据上文“the
picture of their future”可知，他们通过写诗来构想自己以后的样子，因此空格处是vision。
故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不禁钦佩学校以这种特殊的方式激发孩子们的远大梦想，
即使这可能不是最初的意图。A. forcing强迫；B. requesting要求；C. motivating激励；D.
warning警告。根据下文“the children to dream big in such a special way”可知，学校激励学
生梦想自己的未来。故选C。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我们中的大多数人都看不到我们可以成为什么
样的人。A. unable不能的；B. anxious担心的；C. nervous紧张的；D. unwilling不情愿的。
根据下文“it’s hard for you to imagine the ________ in yourself”可知，我们很多人都不能看
到自己将来可能会成为什么人。故选A。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我女儿的学校无意中想出了一个解决这个难题的办法。A.
excuse借口；B. balance平衡；C. solution解决办法；D. connection连接。根据上文“If it’s
hard for you to imagine the ________ in yourself”，下文“to that difficulty”和“you might want
to begin by expressing it as a ________, as did the children who wrote the poems”可知，我们很
多人想象不到自己将来的样子，所以作者的女儿的学校想出了解决这个难题的办法，因此
空格处是solution。故选C。
49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你很难想象自己的潜力，那么你可能要像写诗的孩子
们一样，先把它表达成一种幻想。A. interest兴趣；B. courage勇气；C. expectation期待；
D. potential潜力。根据上文“most of us are ________ to see the truth of who we could be”可知，
我们很多人想象不到自己将来的样子，也就是很难想象自己的潜力。故选D。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你很难想象自己的潜力，那么你可能要像写诗的孩子
们一样，先把它表达成一种幻想。A. fantasy幻想；B. fortune时运，命运；C. benefit好处；D. reference参考。根据第一段的“untruths about themselves”可知，孩子们写诗编造一些关
于自己的谎言，这些谎言也就是幻想。故选A。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在适当的时候，这种创造性的练习将帮助你建立必要的
蓝图，以扩大你的成就。A. healthy健康的；B. creative创造性的；C. gentle温柔的；D.
formal正式的。根据上文“Think up some stories about who you would like to be”可知，想一
些你想成为什么样的人的故事，这是需要有创造力的，是创造性的练习。故选B。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在适当的时候，这种创造性的练习将帮助你建立必要的蓝
图，以扩大你的成就。A. ensuring确保；B. informing告知；C. stretching（使）变大，拉长；
D. measuring测量。根据上文“build the necessary blueprint”和下文“your achievements”可知，
想一些你想成为什么样的人的故事可以帮助你自己建立必要的蓝图，扩大你自己的成就。
故选C。
53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有你最高自我的图像，你就无法活在那个自我中。
A. highest最高的；B. biggest最大的；C. happiest最快乐的；D. bravest最勇敢的。根据上
文“They were supposed to ________ untruths about themselves that made them sound ________
wonderful”可知，孩子们写一些关于自己的谎言，让自己听起来令人难以置信地好，也就是
编出一些最好的自己的图像，此处表示“如果没有你最高自我的图像，你就无法活在那个
自我中”。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以假装，直到你成功。A. stop停止；B. forget忘记；C.
hide躲藏；D. pretend假装。根据上文“They were supposed to ________ untruths about
themselves that made them sound ________ wonderful”可知，孩子们写一些关于自己的谎言，
让自己听起来令人难以置信地好，也就是假装自己很有成就。故选D。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：谎言最终会变成现实。A. dream梦想；B. reality现实；C.
memory记忆；D. nightmare噩梦。根据上文“The lie will become”和下文“in the end”可知，
谎言最终会变成现实。故选B。
单项选择
56. B 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. B 61. D 62. C 63. C 64. B 65. C
单句语法填空
66. complaint 67. sinking 68. seized 69. into 70. distinct
71. lit 72. accessible 73. suspicious 74. convincing 75. had evolved
应用文写作
Dear Peter,
Thanks for reaching out! If I were in your shoes, I’d recommend the activity at the
train station.
It offers a fantastic opportunity to interact with travelers, assisting them with
directions, tickets, and luggage. The bustling atmosphere is not only engaging but also
enriching, offering a chance to enhance both communication and problem-solving skills.
While the museum activity is also meaningful, it focuses more on quieter tasks like
organizing exhibits or guiding visitors. At the train station, you’ll enjoy a more dynamic
and hands-on experience, where your outgoing personality can truly shine as you connect
with people from all walks of life.
Let me know if you need any more information.
读后续写
That’s when I noticed the Pumpkin Patch Closed sign. My heart sank, Tex stoppeddead in his tracks eyes wide as he stared at the sign in disbelief, “What? No! We came
all this way!” he exclaimed, his voice cracking with frustration. I felt the disappointment
creeping in too, but then I remembered what Dad had said about Plan B. “Wait! We
don’t have to give up. If plan A fails, we can always be creative with Plan B!” I said,
trying to sound more optimistic. Tex’s expression shifted as he processed it. “Yeah! We
can make our own pumpkins at home!” We quickly turned around and headed back to the
car, our spirits lifting at the thought of designing our own jack-o’-lanterns.
Finally came our own jack-o’-lantern design party the next day. Tex and I spread
newspapers across the table, excitement bubbling as we grabbed our pumpkins, “Mine’s
going to have the scariest teeth ever!? Tex declared, carving jagged teeth with great focus.
I worked on a spooky ghost face, shaping wide eyes and a crooked grin. The room was
soon filled with laughter, bits of pumpkin flying everywhere. Dad watched from the
doorway, smiling: “Looks like Plan B turned out even better than Plan A,” he said.
“You boys didn’t just carve pumpkins-you made memories.” Then I realized we didn’t
need the pumpkin patch to make every October special- and now, instead of going there,
we’ve made it a tradition to create our own jack-o’-lanterns at home, where the fun and
memories feel even closer.
附听力录音原文：
(Text 1)
M:Hello. This is David Maynard. I’m calling to confirm my reservation for tonight.
W:I’m sorry Mr. Maynard, but I don’t have a room reserved here in your name.
M:Oh, my secretary Mary might have used the company name. Is there anything for Burton
Electronics?
W:Oh, yes.
(Text 2)
M:OK. It’s almost one o’clock. I’m going out to get a sandwich. I can get one for you too, if you
like.
W:That’s very kind of you. Could you get me a ham and cheese?
M:OK.
W:Thanks. Wait a minute and I’ll give you the money.
(Text 3)
W:The weather forecast says it will be sunny and hot this Saturday. How about going to the
beach?
M:Sorry. The beach never appeals to me. I prefer staying at home and watching the football all
day.
(Text 4)
M:What are you thinking right now, Lucy?
W:Can’t you see? I’m thinking that if you were quiet, I could get my homework done. But it is
difficult for me to concentrate on it since you are always talking.
(Text 5)
M:Did you read about us online?W:No. I work on Albert Street, not far away.
M:So you saw our sign?
W:Actually I didn’t notice it until this evening. A woman at work comes here and swims every
lunchtime. So I’m hoping to join her.
(Text 6)
W:Does your father have any sister or brother?
M:Oh, yes, I have an uncle, and my uncle Charles’s pretty famous, actually.
W:What does he do?
M:Medical research. A lot of his research has been published in medical journals. And he’s also
famous for his young age when he started. He’s been doing medical research for ten years and
he’s only 25.
W:Wow, sounds amazing! Clever man!
(Text 7)
W:Excuse me. I want to buy a tie for my husband. Where can I find men’s clothes section?
M:Well, go up to the fifth floor and they’re to the left of the lift.
W:I also want a shirt for my son. So where are children’s clothes?
M:Go down to the third floor and turn right. Go straight until you reach the end. There’s a small
play area beside it.
W:I see. Thank you very much. Oh, by the way, is there an ATM inside here? I need to get some
money first.
M:Yeah. There’re two on both sides of the entrance on the first floor.
(Text 8)
W:Our nieces Melinda and Lucy will arrive next week. What could they do?
M:They could stay inside by the fire. But I think that’s very boring.
W:Yes. Maybe we can bring them to the countryside for a walk. What do you think?
M:That sounds fun, but it might be wet and dirty there since there is so much rain and even snow
recently. What about doing something indoors, like visiting a museum? It’s nice and warm in
there.
W:You’re right. But I think we can still have a few outdoor activities. Of course fishing isn’t very
good. It’s much too cold.
M:Yeah. Nor is climbing. That will be too tiring. Then what about going ice-skating?
W:That’s a good idea. Maybe they can borrow some skating shoes.
M:Yes. It’ll be really fun.
(Text 9)
M: Hello, Kelly. What can I do for you?
W: Hello, Mr. Lee. I’d like to talk to you about my report about schooling in the past. It’s hard to
get started.
M: Don’t worry. To make it interesting, you can compare the past and the present. So, you can
think of any differences between schools now, and those in the past.
W: Umm … well, they used to use blackboards … and we use blackboards and whiteboards … oh
dear … computers! We use computers a lot today, but they didn’t have them!
M: What about books, Kelly? Have you ever seen a really old book?
W: Erm, once. It didn’t have many pictures. And the pictures weren’t in color. I suppose it was
expensive to print color pictures in the past.M: Yes. What else can we think about? Hmm … what’s that thing you’re carrying on your
shoulder?
W: My backpack?
M: Yes. Let’s go on with that.
(Text 10)
M: Spring is nearly here and many people will turn their attention to DIY. But a recent study has
found that over 50% of people in the U.K. admit they have at least one unfinished job to do in
their home, while one in five say they have damaged their home while trying to “Do It
Yourself”. Here, I will share my embarrassing experiences with you.
Once, a friend of mine asked me to paint some rooms in her house. I was painting one wall,
standing at the top of a ladder. For some reason, at one point, I forgot I was in a ladder and stepped
back. I lost balance and fell off. Unfortunately, her carpet was damaged by the paint. My friend
was more worried about me than annoyed. But in the end she had to buy a new carpet. What
impressed me most was quite a simple task — putting up some shelves in my basement. I was
standing on a wooden table, putting a nail into the wall and suddenly all the lights went out. I
realized that there were wires in the wall where I was putting the nail in. I thought I was lucky — I
could have got an electric shock and have been badly hurt. But it wasn’t all good luck — I had to
have some repairs done and it wasn’t cheap.
