文档内容
2024-2025(上)10 月月度质量监测
高 三 英 语
本试卷满分150分 考试时间150分钟
第一部分 听力(共两节)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂
到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
When will the movie end?
A. At 8:00.
B. At 10:00.
C. At 10:30.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ll pick you up around 7:30. The movie starts at 8:00
W: The what about the gathering?
M: The movie lasts two hours, and the gathering begins at 10:30
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the club need?
A. A drum.
B. A violin.
C. Two pianos.
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】M: What are you thinking about?
W: I want to join the school music club. The music teacher said many students had picked violin and she only
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司needed two more pianos. But I like the drum.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why does the man feel sorry for the woman?
A. Her mother was ill.
B. She failed to meet Emma.
C. She missed the picnic.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: That’s my friend Enma over there. Didn’t you get a chance to meet her at the picnic last month?
W: I wish I could have, but I was taking care of my mother then. She wasn’t feeling well.
M: I’m so sorry to hear that.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where did the woman probably play football?
A. In the yard.
B. In the park.
C. In the street.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: We’re so sorry, uncle. I’ve never thought that the ball would hit the window in the yard.
M: Haven’t I told you not to play in the street?
W: We’re really sorry. We’ll go to the park night now.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What’s the conversation mainly about?
A. Repairing a car.
B. Handling an accident.
C. Improving driving skills.
【答案】B
【解析】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【原文】W: I’m very sorry, sir. I’ll pay for the damages.
M: I hope you will drive more carefully in the future.
W: I will. Please send me the bill for the repairs as soon as possible.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中
选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各
小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What does Ron think of his cooking ability?
A. Basic.
B. Creative.
C. Expert.
7. Why does Ron prefer grilling?
A. It is simple.
B. It is done outside.
C. It produces tasty food.
【答案】6. A 7. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Hi, Ron. Can you cook?
M: I wouldn’t say I’m a chef, but I do cook, I can eat anything, so I don’t try very hard to make it taste good.
W: What do you like to cook?
M: I like to barbecue outside on the grill.
W: What do you put on your barbecue?
M: Mostly meat. I keep the spices simple, just salt and pepper. It’s amazing how these basic flavors can enhance
the taste, especially compared to steaming or stewing.
W: That sounds great, I can’t wait to try it sometime.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司8. What animal does the woman probably prefer?
A. Rabbits.
B. Snakes.
C. Parrots.
9. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the zoo.
B. In a pet shop.
C. In an animal shelter.
10. What will the woman do next?
A. Go home.
B. Have a party.
C. Stay here.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Wow, look at all the snakes.
M: Yes, so many different types, I like to see them when I come here.
W: Oh, listen! I can hear birds singing somewhere.
M: Yes. They have parrots and other birds.
W: They are all good but I like soft, and furry animals the best.
M: They have dogs, cats, rabbits and others.
W: Great.
M: By the way, I have to buy some food for my dog here and then go home.
W: I’m impressed with the animals and want to have a good look.
M: Absolutely, take your time. Remember the party tonight.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. What worries Clare?
A. Taking a course.
B. Having an exam.
C. Making notes.
12. What is the man’s view on the notes?
A. They are quite formal.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司B. They are perfectly complete.
C. They are unnecessarily long.
13. What does the man suggest the woman do?
A. Use symbols.
B. Improve memory.
C. Remember key terms.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s the matter, Clare?
W: I’ve got a history exam on Friday, and I’m worried I’ll fail it.
M: Why? You’re brilliant at history.
W: Yes. But look at the amount of information I need to remember. These are my notes from today.
M: These aren’t notes! These look more like a full text.
W: What do you mean?
M: You don’t need to copy everything word for word. “Notes” should be brief, focusing on key terms and concepts.
You can consider drawing symbols, they can be really effective memory aids and you don’t need to write so many
words
W: That’s a great idea!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. What happened to Laura in the South Pole?
A. Her fingers got hurt.
B. Her glasses broke.
C. Some stories frightened her.
15. Why was the trip to Australia the worst one?
A. The laptop was stolen.
B. The owner failed his duty.
C. The police were unprofessional.
16. How does Laura spend a normal holiday?
A. By reading a lot.
B. By learning boat riding.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C. By enjoying herself leisurely.
17. What is Laura’s next plan?
A. Going to islands.
B. Getting married.
C. Climbing a mountain.
【答案】14. B 15. A 16. C 17. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Hi, Laura, welcome! So, you make television programmes about travel. How often are you away from
home?
W: A lot, Last summer, I was away almost every Saturday and Sunday for about two months.
M: Which is the coldest place you’ve ever travelled to?
W: The South Pole. Before I went, I heard lots of bad stories about people losing their fingers and toes. Luckily,
that didn’t happen to me but my glasses did break!
M: And what was your worst trip?
W: Oh, Australia. When I got back to my hotel, the door was open and my laptop was missing! The owner acted
very quickly, telling me the police would handle everything. Despite their best efforts to investigate, unfortunately,
my laptop was never recovered
M: I’m sorry to hear that. And your favorite trip?
W: Turkey. I drove to the sea.
M: What is a normal holiday for you when you are not working?
W: Um.. I prefer to sit by the pool with a book, go for a walk in a local park, or have a gentle boat ride on a lake. It
is great not to be busy!
M: Where are you going next?
W: I’m going to Barbados. My friend’s getting married there, so I’m going to visit some of the other islands in the
area, too, I’d also love to go to the mountains, but I won’t have any time.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. Where did the speaker use to live as a child?
A. In the city.
B. In a village.
C. In the town.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司19. What does the speaker do?
A. She is a writer.
B. She is an editor.
C. She is a village official.
20. Why does the speaker go back to the tree?
A. To display her success.
B. To get inspiration.
C. To show her regret.
【答案】18. B 19. A 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: It’s been around for more than 200 years, standing at the entrance to my village. The old tree is
so big that it takes two people to hug it properly. When I was a kid heading to school in town, I’d walk past it every
day, Back then, I was too worried about staying fed and warm to think much of it, it was just a tree, as ordinary as
any rock on the side of the road. Then after years of hard study, waiting for my college letter, I found myself staring
at that tree, hoping for good news. Days passed when it felt like, somehow, this tree and I had built up this bond,
this friendship. And guess what? The letter came. When I went to the city for college that September, walking past
that tree hit me hard. I looked back, and through its branches, I could see my home, my family waving goodbye.
Fast forward to when I was 21, I used to work in a village. There were times I just felt the urge to see that tree and
my family, so I’d walk those thirty kilometers of mountain roads, And you know what? As I got into writing, that
tree found its way into my stories, I am successful. However, when I find myself stuck in my writing, I will go back
to see it. It’s fortunate how a tree I once passed without a second thought has become such a big part of my life.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
Want to know all the ins-and-outs regarding the Paris 2024 Olympics? Then you’ve come to the right place!
Below you will find all the information about the new Olympic sports.
Olympic skateboarding
Who will follow in the footsteps of Momiji Nishiya, the first Olympic skateboarding champion, who was
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司crowned at the last Games at the age of 13? The answer will be revealed in Paris this summer. Speed, technique,
mastery of the board will be required to successfully perform the most beautiful tricks.
Olympic sports climbing
With its second time entering the Olympics, sports climbing has three branches: Speed, Bouldering (抱石攀
岩) and Lead. Speed is all about the speed of climbing. Bouldering is all about climbing a boulder on a wall and
Lead requires athletes to climb a difficult route 20 meters high.
Olympic surfing
The Olympics will be held in Paris, but what about Olympic surfing? There is one venue (场地) that is literally
on the other side of the world. The location Teahupoo, on the island of Tahiti, is where Olympic surfing will take
place. This island is part of French Polynesia, between Australia and South America.
Olympic breakdancing
Breakdancing is the new Olympic sport that will make its first appearance in Paris 2024. How to establish a
grading system without taking away the artistic freedom at the same time? The points should be based on creativity
and musicality, a gray area that depends a lot on feeling and thus has a lot of subjectivity to it.
Looking for a handy list of all sports? Click here! Throughout Paris there are all kinds of stadiums and arenas
(竞技场) where sporting events are held. Not only Paris itself, but also the surrounding suburbs of the capital of
France set the stage for the Olympic Games!
21. Which sport is entering the Olympics for the first time in Paris 2024?
A. Olympic skateboarding. B. Olympic sports climbing.
C. Olympic surfing. D. Olympic breakdancing.
22. Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Olympic skateboarding requires a high level of physical strength.
B. Three branches of Olympic sports climbing evaluate various sides of skills.
C. All the above four Olympic events will be held in Paris.
D. The scoring of Olympic breakdancing is highly objective.
23. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A sports website. B. A health magazine.
C. A travel brochure. D. An Olympic news report.
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A
【解析】
【导语】本文体裁为应用文。文章结构清晰地介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中新增的几个体育项目，包括奥运
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞，提供了每个项目的基本规则、特点及注意事项等信息，旨在为读者提供关于
巴黎奥运会的新项目概况。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Olympic breakdancing部分中“Breakdancing is the new Olympic sport that will make its
first appearance in Paris 2024 (霹雳舞是新的奥运项目，将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。)”可知，奥运
霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。故选D。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。由文章Olympic sports climbing部分“With its second time entering the Olympics, sports climbing
has three branches: Speed, Bouldering (抱石攀岩) and Lead. Speed is all about the speed of climbing. Bouldering
is all about climbing a boulder on a wall and Lead requires athletes to climb a difficult route 20 meters high. (第二
次进入奥运会的运动攀岩有三个分支：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩。速度与攀岩的速度有关。抱石就
是在墙上爬一块巨石，而难度攀岩则要求运动员爬一条20米高的高难度路线。)”可知，攀岩运动有三个
项目：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩，分别评估了攀岩速度、技巧和难度等多方面的技能。故选B。
【23题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Want to know all the ins-and-outs regarding the Paris 2024
Olympics? Then you’ve come to the right place! Below you will find all the information about the new Olympic
sports. (想知道关于2024年巴黎奥运会的所有细节吗？那你来对地方了！下面你会发现所有关于新奥运项
目的信息。)”可知，该文主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中的新项目，包括滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞等，
提供了这些项目的具体信息。这显然是与体育赛事相关的介绍，因此最有可能来源于一个体育网站。故选
A。
B
Eva, the Belgian Malinois, is home now, getting a well-deserved rest surrounded by new toys after nearly dying
while protecting her human from a mountain lion.
The attack happened on May 16 in northern California when 24-year-old Erin Wilson headed down a path toward
the Trinity River before she found herself cornered by a mountain lion. “I was just walking down the slope with the
dog running ahead of’ me. I turned around and there was this cat just growling at me and it attacked me, ”Wilson told
NPR. “I screamed for Eva and she came running. ”
Mountain lion attacks on humans are incredibly rare. Since 1890, California has recorded only six fatal mountain
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司lion attacks because of the animal’s generally shy, reclusive (独处的) nature. Their preferred prey is deer, which are
normally in abundance in their forested habitat, but recent drought conditions have made food scarce in some areas.
Wilson thought that these conditions made the sudden appearance of a slim woman look like an attractive option.
To protect her human, Eva leapt between Wilson and the lion, tackling the wild cat and embarked on a life-
and-death struggle between the two animals. After a short fight, the mountain lion got its jaws around Eva’s head and
Wilson fought to free her dog. hitting the lion with rocks in an attempt to break its grip. Eventually, Wilson ran back to
her truck and flagged down passing motorist Sharon Houston Fetching an iron bar from her truck. Wilson and Houston
ran back down the trail and their combined efforts managed to frighten the big cat off.
Wounded herself and shaken by the experience, Wilson still managed to carry Eva back to the Animal Hospital.
The 2-year-old dog didn’t need surgery, but her wounds were still extensive. Eva left the animal hospital on May 19
with surgical tape wrapped around both her front paws, and the veterinarian said she might lose sight in her left
eye.
24. What made Erin Wilson the target of the mountain lion?
A. The abundant deer in their forested habitat.
B. The lack of prey due to extreme conditions.
.
C The mountain lion’s shy and reclusive nature.
.
D The slim and attractive appearance of Wilson.
25. What do the underlined words “embarked on” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Proceeded with. B. Dawned on. C. Wrapped up. D. Kicked off
26. How did Wilson drive the mountain lion off?
A. She freed a dog and threw rocks at it fiercely.
B. She stopped a passing driver and broke its grip.
C. She gathered local people and shouted loudly at it.
D. She used a tool and scared it away with another driver.
27. Which of the following can best describe Eva according to the passage?
A. Heroic and loyal. B. Obedient and adorable.
C. Friendly and dependable. D. Courageous and naughty.
【答案】24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只勇敢的狗Eva在山狮袭击主人时勇敢保护主人的故事。
【24题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Their preferred prey is deer, which are normally in abundance in their forested
habitat, but recent drought conditions have made food scarce in some areas. Wilson thought that these conditions
made the sudden appearance of a slim woman look like an attractive option.(它们最喜欢的猎物是鹿，通常在它
们的森林栖息地有大量的鹿，但最近的干旱使一些地区的食物短缺。Wilson认为，这些条件使得一个突然
出现的苗条女人看起来是一个有吸引力的选择。)”可知，Erin Wilson认为自己成为山狮的目标是因为最近
的干旱使当地鹿极度缺乏。故选B。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词前的“To protect her human, Eva leapt between Wilson and the lion, tackling the wild
cat(Eva跳到了Wilson和狮子之间，抓住了狮子，)”以及空后的“a life-and-death struggle between the two
animals.(两只动物之间的生死搏斗。)”可推测，两只动物之间开始了生死搏斗。选项 A“Proceeded with
(继续)”；选项B“Dawned on (开始理解)”；选项C“Wrapped up (包装)”；选项D“Kicked off (开始)”。
故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“After a short fight, the mountain lion got its jaws around Eva’s head and Wilson
fought to free her dog. hitting the lion with rocks in an attempt to break its grip. Eventually, Wilson ran back to her
truck and flagged down passing motorist Sharon Houston Fetching an iron bar from her truck. Wilson and Houston
ran back down the trail and their combined efforts managed to frighten the big cat off.(经过短暂的搏斗，山狮咬
住了Eva的头，Wilson奋力解救了她的狗。用石头砸狮子，试图挣脱它的束缚。最后，Wilson跑回她的卡
车，示意路过的司机Sharon Houston停下来，从她的卡车上取下一根铁棒。Wilson和Houston沿着小路跑
回去，她们的共同努力成功地把这只山狮吓跑了。)”可知，Wilson使用了石头砸狮子，然后从一个过路的
司机Houston的车上取下一根铁棒，一起吓跑了山狮。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Wilson told NPR. “I screamed for Eva and she came running. ”(Wilson 告诉
NPR。“我尖叫着喊Eva，她就跑过来了。”)”以及文章第四段“To protect her human, Eva leapt between
Wilson and the lion, tackling the wild cat and embarked on a life-and-death struggle between the two animals.(为
了保护她的主人，Eva跳到了Wilson和狮子之间，抓住了狮子，开始了两只动物之间的生死搏斗。)”可知，
Eva忠诚且勇敢。故选A。
C
When caught in the rain, we have all run for cover—often to a nearby tree. On the way, we step over short-
lived puddles and hastily formed streams, marveling at how quickly the soil changes from supportive and
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司predictable to untrustworthy:slippery, soft, and spongy. At first chance we tend to flee,skipping further observation.
Given that direct observations are often impracticable, remote observation systems are crucial for capturing
phenomena that are frequent and unpredictable. However, the Bimbache community of ElHierro observed water
running down tree bar k during fog events and captured it for life and agriculture in 1764. If more contemporary
hydrologists(水文学家) had watched fog by trees, forest managers may not have logged the Bull Run Watershed,
which reduced local rainfall by 30% in 1982.
Water science faces criticism because of a“techno optimism that tries to solve all problems”. In fact, this
issue extends beyond water science. An interdisciplinary research team led by John T. VanStan from Cleveland
State University argues that scientists should go beyond the laboratory to directly observe weather phenomena. The
researchers insist that hands-on observation of storm events is crucial for comprehending the complexities of wet
weather.
“Natural scientists seem increasingly content to stay dry and rely on remote sensors and samplers,models, and
virtual experiments to understand natural systems. Consequently, we can miss important stormy phenomena,
imaginative inspirations, and opportunities to build intuition—all of which are critical to scientific progress,” said
Van Stan’s team.
This type of“umbrella science”, they warn, can miss important localized events. For instance, in describing
rainwater’s flow from the forest treetops to the soils, the authors note that“if several branches efficiently capture
and carry stormwaters to the stem, rainwater inputs to near-stem soils can be more than100 times greater.”Likewise,
water vapor(水蒸气) clouds trapped beneath forest treetop covers may escape remote detection, yet be sensitive to
scientists on the ground. At the broader scale, these oversights can affect Ground Earth systems models, which
often underestimate forest treetop water storage.
Direct observation, however, has gone beyond making up for the shortcomings of“umbrella science.”Van
Stan and colleagues see core value in firsthand storm experiences—not only for natural scientists, but also students
studying climate change impacts on ecosystems.
28. How do people tend to react to rain?
A. In a defensive manner. B. In a scientific manner.
C. With a wait-and-see attitude. D. With an observation-oriented attitude.
29. Why are the examples in paragraph 2 used?
A. To argue that direct observations are unachievable.
B. To prove that distance observation systems make sense.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司C. To justify direct observation that is assumed unworkable.
D. To joke about techno optimism that fails to solve all problem.
30. What does Van Stan’s research team argue in terms of hands-on observation?
A. It is effortless and precise. B. It is virtual and accepted.
C. It is complex yet time-saving. D. It is crucial yet overlooked
31. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A. The grounds of starting the research.
B. The scientific values of conducting the research.
C. The strengths of the research for eco-major learners.
D. The expert evaluations of the research across disciplines.
【答案】28. A 29. C 30. D 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了直接观察自然现象的重要性，特别是在水文学领域。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“When caught in the rain, we have all run for cover—often to a nearby tree. On the
way, we step over short-lived puddles and hastily formed streams, marveling at how quickly the soil changes from
supportive and predictable to untrustworthy: slippery, soft, and spongy. At first chance we tend to flee, skipping
further observation.(下雨的时候，我们都会跑去躲雨——通常是跑到附近的一棵树上。在路上，我们跨过短
暂的水坑和仓促形成的溪流，惊叹于土壤是如何迅速地从支持和可预测变成不可靠的：滑，软，海绵状。
一有机会，我们往往会逃跑，跳过进一步的观察。)”可知，面对下雨，人们通常会以防御的方式躲雨。故
选A。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Given that direct observations are often impracticable, remote observation systems
are crucial for capturing phenomena that are frequent and unpredictable. However, the Bimbache community of
ElHierro observed water running down tree bar k during fog events and captured it for life and agriculture in 1764.
If more contemporary hydrologists(水文学家) had watched fog by trees, forest managers may not have logged the
Bull Run Watershed, which reduced local rainfall by 30% in 1982.(鉴于直接观测往往不可行，远程观测系统对
于捕捉频繁和不可预测的现象至关重要。然而，ElHierro的Bimbache社区在雾事件期间观察到水从树上流
下，并在1764年将其捕获用于生活和农业。如果当时更多的水文学家能观察到树下的雾，森林管理者可能
就不会砍伐布尔朗流域的树木了。布尔朗流域在1982年使当地的降雨量减少了30%。)”可知，作者在第
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司二段使用例子是为了告诉读者，为了证明直接观察是不可行的。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“An interdisciplinary research team led by John T. VanStan from Cleveland State
University argues that scientists should go beyond the laboratory to directly observe weather phenomena. The
researchers insist that hands-on observation of storm events is crucial for comprehending the complexities of wet
weather.(克利夫兰州立大学的John T. VanStan领导的一个跨学科研究小组认为，科学家应该走出实验室，直
接观察天气现象。研究人员坚持认为，亲自观察风暴事件对于理解潮湿天气的复杂性至关重要。)”以及第
四段““Natural scientists seem increasingly content to stay dry and rely on remote sensors and samplers, models,
and virtual experiments to understand natural systems. Consequently, we can miss important stormy phenomena,
imaginative inspirations, and opportunities to build intuition—all of which are critical to scientific progress,” said
Van Stan’s team.(“自然科学家似乎越来越满足于保持干燥，依靠远程传感器和采样器、模型和虚拟实验来
了解自然系统。因此，我们可能会错过重要的风暴现象、富有想象力的灵感和建立直觉的机会——所有这
些对科学进步至关重要，”Van Stan的团队说。)”可知，Van Stan的研究小组认为实际观察对于理解潮湿
天气的复杂性至关重要，但是自然科学家似乎越来越满足于保持干燥，依靠远程传感器和采样器、模型和
虚拟实验来了解自然系统。故选D。公众号：高中试卷君
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Direct observation, however, has gone beyond making up for the shortcomings
of “umbrella science.” Van Stan and colleagues see core value in firsthand storm experiences—not only for natural
scientists, but also students studying climate change impacts on ecosystems.(然而，直接观察已经超越了弥补“伞
科学”的缺陷。Van Stan和他的同事看到了第一手风暴经验的核心价值——不仅对自然科学家，而且对研
究气候变化对生态系统影响的学生。)”可知，文章作者接下来会谈论第一手风暴经验对于对研究气候变化
对生态系统影响的学生和科学家的优势。故选C。
D
Imagine this. You need an image of a balloon for a work presentation and turn to an AI text- to- image
generator to create a suitable image. You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the
generator return s an image of an egg instead.
What’s going on? The generator you’re using may have been “poisoned”. What does this mean? Text- to-
image generators work by being trained on large datasets that include millions or billions of images. Some of the
generators have been trained by indiscriminately scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司This has led to many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing
and profiting from their work.
This is also where the idea of “poison” comes in. Researchers who want to empower individual artists have
recently created a tool named “Nightshade” to fight back against unauthorised image scraping. The tool works by
slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses the computer vision system but leaves the image
unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of these images to train a future AI model, its data
pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning, which makes the generator return unintended
results. As in our earlier example, a balloon might become an egg.
The higher the number of “poisoned” images in the training data, the greater the impact. Because of how
generative AI works, the damage from “poisoned” images also affects related prompt keywords.
Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned” images in
order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech companies more
respectful of copyright. It does challenge a common belief among computer scientists that data found online can be
used for any purpose they see fit.
Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the indiscriminate use of
machine vision in wider society. This concern is particularly serious concerning facial recognition. There is a clear
connection between facial recognition cases and data poisoning, as both relate to larger questions around
technological governance. It may be better to see data poisoning as an innovative solution to the denial of some
fundamental human rights.
32. The underlined word “scraping” (para. 2) is closest in meaning to ______.
A. facilitating B. collecting C. damaging D. polishing
33. According to the passage, adding poisoned data might ______.
A. increase the accuracy of returned information
B. lead users to forget the prompt key words
C. cause trouble to with the training of generative AI
D. discriminate against great masterpieces
34. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. Data poisoning is somehow justified to direct attention to human rights.
B. Computer scientists has learned to respect the copyright of most artists.
C. Nightshade is being abused by human rights activists to recognize faces.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司D. The issue of technological governance has aroused the lawyers’ interest,
35. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A. Data Poisoning: Government Empowering Citizens to Protect Themselves
B. Data Poisoning: Addressing Facial Recognition Issues Among Artists
C. Data Poisoning: Risks and Rewards of Generative AI Data Training
D. Data Poisoning: Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了一种名为“Nightshade”的工具，该工具通过微妙地修改图像的
像素来混淆计算机视觉系统，以此对抗未经授权的图像抓取，保护艺术家的版权，同时引发了对数据中毒
现象及其对人工智能模型训练影响的讨论。
【32题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段划线词前面的句子“Text- to- image generators work by being trained on large
datasets that include millions or billions of images. (文本到图像生成器是通过在包含数百万或数十亿图像的大
型数据集上进行训练来工作的。)”可知，生成器是通过对大型数据集进行训练来工作的，这些大型数据
集包含着数百万或者数十亿图像，由此推断生成器是通过收集这些数百万或者数十亿图像进行训练来工作
的。同时根据第二段划线词后的“…online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to
many copyright infringement (侵害) cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting
from their work. (……在线图片，其中许多可能是受版权保护的，这导致了许多侵犯版权的案件，艺术家们
指责大型科技公司窃取他们的作品并从中获利。)”可知，一些生成器是通过不加选择地抓取在线图像来训
练的，其中许多图像可能是受版权保护的，由此导致艺术家对大型科技公司进行指责。由此可推理出划线
词的含义为“收集”，故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The tool works by slightly altering an image’s pixels (像素) in a way that confuses
the computer vision system but leaves the image unaltered to a human’s eyes. If an organization then scrapes one of
these images to train a future AI model, its data pool becomes “poisoned”. This can result in mistaken learning,
which makes the generator return unintended results. (该工具通过以人类肉眼无法察觉、但能迷惑计算机视觉
的
系统 方式，对图像的像素进行轻微修改。如果一个组织随后抓取这些图像来训练未来的AI模型，其数
据池就会变得“中毒”。这可能导致错误的学习，使得生成器返回非预期的结果。)”可知，添加“中毒”
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司数据可能干扰生成人工智能的训练，故选C项。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally
upload “poisoned” images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will
make big tech companies more respectful of copyright. (可能的是，像Nightshade这样的工具可以被一些用户
滥用，故意上传“有毒”图片以混淆AI生成器。但Nightshade的开发者希望这个工具能让大型科技公司更
加尊重版权。)”以及最后一段“Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about
the indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. (例如，人权活动家一直对机器视觉在更广泛社会中
的不加选择使用表示关切)”可推理出，数据中毒在某种程度上将人们的注意力引向人权是有道理的，故选
A项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“You enter the prompt (提示词) “red balloon against a blue sky” but the generator
returns an image of an egg instead.( 你输入了提示词“红色气球对比蓝色天空”，但是生成器返回的却是一
张鸡蛋的图片)”可知，文章提出了“生成器中毒的现象”；第二段“ The generator you’re using may have
been “poisoned”. (你正在使用的生成器可能已经被“毒化”)”以及“Some of the generators have been trained
by indiscriminately scraping online images, many of which may be under copyright. This has led to many copyright
infringement cases where artists have accused big tech companies of stealing and profiting from their work.”（一
些生成器是通过不加选择地抓取在线图像来训练的，其中许多图像可能属于版权所有。这导致了许多侵犯
版权的案件，艺术家指控大型科技公司窃取他们的作品并从中获利）不仅阐述了“生成器中毒”的问题，
同时还提及了生成器是通过不加选择地抓取在线图像来训练的，其中许多图像引发侵犯版权的问题；同时
根据倒数第二段“Possibly, tools like Nightshade can be abused by some users to intentionally upload “poisoned”
images in order to confuse AI generators. But the Nightshade’s developer hopes the tool will make big tech
companies more respectful of copyright. (可能的是，像Nightshade这样的工具可以被一些用户滥用，故意上
传“有毒”图片以混淆AI生成器。但Nightshade的开发者希望这个工具能让大型科技公司更加尊重版
权。)”以及最后一段“Human rights activists, for example, have been concerned for some time about the
indiscriminate use of machine vision in wider society. (例如，人权活动家一直对机器视觉在更广泛社会中的
不加选择使用表示关切)”可知，此处强调Nightshade的开发者呼吁该工具能让大型科技公司更加尊重艺术
创作者的版权。通读全文，文章主要讲述了人工智能图像生成器可能受到“毒害”的现象，即由于研究者
为了保护艺术家版权而创造的工具Nightshade对图像进行细微像素修改，从而使得AI在训练时产生错误学
习，生成错误的图像结果。这种“毒害”现象导致了许多侵犯艺术家版权的案件，引起艺术家的不满。由
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司此文章提出质疑：到底该“中毒现象”是给艺术家赋权了还是限制了其创新能力。D项“Data Poisoning:
Restricting Innovation or Empowering Artists(数据中毒：限制创新还是赋权艺术家)”表达的含义适合用做本
文标题，故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选
项。
Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow
Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams? We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle
of delay. But why wait? _______36_______ You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take
minute steps toward a brighter future. And start right now.
_______37_______ If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going
to wonder how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be
disappointed by your present self.
It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed.
Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their
field._______38_______Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach.
At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you
allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. ______39______. It’s what you
would encourage your friends to do, so why aren’t you giving yourself
that same push?
Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight
adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a
balance between your current life and your dreams._______40_______
Pursue your dreams now, even though that means you might need to break out of your comfort zone, and even
though it means entering the unknown.
A. Ask yourself what would be worse.
B. Starting small is completely acceptable.
C. You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.
D. New opportunities may lead to personal growth.
E. If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司F. You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential.
G. Hard as it is, it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind.
【答案】36. B 37. C 38. G 39. F 40. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何追求自己的梦想提出了一些建议。
【36题详解】
根据下文“You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. You can take minute steps toward a brighter future.
And start right now. (你不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步。你可以一步一步走向更光明的未来。现在就
开始)”可知，下文提到了不需要迈出巨大的、改变人生的一步，可知本句是在建议从小的地方开始。故B
选项“Starting small is completely acceptable. (从小处开始是完全可以接受的)”能引出下文，符合语境，故
选B。
【37题详解】
根据下文“If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder
how your life would’ve turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be
disappointed by your present self. (如果你从不尝试，你就会被你的遗憾压垮。你总是想知道，如果你真的给
自己一个机会，你的生活会变成什么样子。不要让未来的自己被现在的自己失望)”可知，本段的主旨是给
自己一个改变生活的机会，即建议去追求自己的梦想。故C选项“You owe it to yourself to go after your
dreams. (你应该为自己去追求你的梦想)”能概括本段主旨，符合语境，故选C。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Embrace a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach. (拥有一种坚定的心
态，知道成功是触手可及的)”可知，下文提到要拥有坚定的心态，可知要摆脱怀疑的心态。故G选项
“Hard as it is, it’s crucial to wave off the doubts in the back of your mind. (尽管困难重重，但摆脱心中的疑虑
是至关重要的)”能引出下文，符合语境，故选G。
【39题详解】
根据上文“At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If
you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. (在一天结束的时候，你需要为
自己开辟一条通往最大满足感的道路。如果你让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，你永远不会原谅自己)”可知，
上文提到不要让恐惧占据了你最好的一面，即建议要克服恐惧和不安全感。故F选项“You need to move
past your insecurities and explore your full potential. (你需要克服你的不安全感，发掘你的全部潜力)”能承接
上文，符合语境，故选F。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【40题详解】
根据上文“Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making
slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a
balance between your current life and your dreams (有时候，追随你的激情意味着每天花费大量的时间。这可
能需要对你的时间表做一些调整，但你不必为了跟随自己的内心而牺牲一切。试着在你现在的生活和你的
梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，上文提到了在你现在的生活和你的梦想之间取得平衡，本句为本段最后一句，
故应说明这么做的结果。故E选项“If things go well, you can gradually make further shifts. (如果一切顺利，
你可以逐渐做出进一步的改变)”能承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
第三部分 语言知识与运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节：完形填空(共15题，每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最
佳选项。
You witness a man uses abusive (辱骂的) language towards his mother in a grocery store. Or you hear someone
saying something mean to your friend at a party. Both are____41____in which bystander intervention (干预) could
make a difference.____42____, however, when____43____with such situation, we may not be sure what to do. You
are not alone. “When people are standing in a crowd and something bad happens, they tend to be____44____,” said
Alan Berken, an expert on the Bystander Effect.
However, the latest research shows that most people feel willing to help when they can. When they do not help, it
is because they____45____do not feel they have the____46____to do so or are unsure about safety. “Actually, you
can prepare yourself to be an active bystander by____47____the Four D’s: distract, delegate (委托), delay or
document,” says Alan. “An active bystander helps to challenge____48____behavior.”
Distraction is a good start. Take the case of the man abusing his mother in the grocery store, don’t give the man a
face-to-face blame, instead an active bystander can____49____intervene by asking the man how to choose a ripe
watermelon. This can help to ease the_____50_____, which may turn the table.
As another_____51_____, you can delegate. While witnessing violence, you can tell someone else
to_____52_____the authorities. Thirdly, asking the victim whether there is anything that you can do to help can
also_____53_____the upgrading of the situation.
,
Lastly you can videotape the behavior with your cellphone. This documenting can be a_____54_____to a
would-be perpetrator (作恶者). But you have to be_____55_____not to intervene in a way that could cause harm to
you or the victim.
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司41. A. circumstances B. positions C. surroundings D. locations
42. A. Hopefully B. Thankfully C. Undoubtedly D. Unfortunately
.
43 A. knocked B. faced C. suffered D. blocked
44. A. at risk B. in anger C. at a loss D. in a hurry
45. A. all B. either C. both D. neither
46. A. talent B. gift C. ability D. habit
47. A. adopting B. adapting C. replacing D. rebuilding
48. A. artificial B. beneficial C. impossible D. improper
49. A. firmly B. indirectly C. severely D. confidently
50. A. topic B. conversation C. atmosphere D. worry
51. A. cause B. option C. reality D. effect
52. A. blame B. fund C. inform D. post
53. A. help B. confirm C. escape D. delay
54. A. tip B. trick C. cheat D. warning
55. A. careful B. nervous C. scared D. worried
【答案】41. A 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. D
55. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要以“公共场合干预不当行为”这一话题进行了论述。其实，大部分人
是愿意在力所能及的范围内提供帮助的，而没能提供帮助要么能力不足，要么并不安全。同时，人们可以
通过采用四个D来让自己成为一个积极的旁观者：分散注意力、委托、拖延或记录。
【41题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这两种情况下，旁观者干预可能会产生影响。A. circumstances环境，状况；
B. positions职位，社会地位；C. surroundings周遭环境；D. locations地点。分析语境可知，主语“Both”
指代前文“You witness a man uses abusive language towards his mother in a grocery store. Or you hear someone
saying something mean to your friend at a party.”提及的两种状况，因此，该空应是“circumstances(状况)”。
故选A项。
【42题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意： 然而，令人遗憾的是，当面对这种情况时，我们可能不知道该怎么做。A.
Hopefully有希望地；B. Thankfully感激地，幸亏；C. Undoubtedly确实地，无庸置疑地；D. Unfortunately
不幸地，遗憾地。根据前文“Both are ____1____ in which bystander intervention could make a difference.”可
第21页/共30页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司知，旁观者在这样的情况下进行干预可以产生影响，而后文“we may not be sure what to do”则说，现实生
活中，旁观者可能并不知道该怎么办，无法起到帮助，这是令人感到遗憾的。故选D项。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，令人遗憾的是，当面对这种情况时，我们可能不知道该怎么做。A.
knocked敲击；B. faced面对；C. suffered遭受，受苦；D. blocked阻塞，挡住。与前文“You
witness…”，“you hear…”表达同一个语境，这里应是“面对”。“(be) faced with”意为“面对”，符
合语境。故选B项。
【44题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：“当人们站在人群中，不好的事情发生时，他们往往会不知所措，”旁观者效
应专家艾伦·伯肯说。A. at risk处于危险或风险之中；B. in anger愤怒地；C. at a loss困惑、不知所措；D.
in a hurry匆忙地。分析语境“You are not alone.”可知，这里“they tend to be ____4____”与前文“we may
not be sure what to do”为同义表达，因此，所选短语表达“不知道怎么做”含义，即，“at a loss”。故选
C项。
【45题详解】
考查不定代词词义辨析和连词词义辨析。句意：当他们不提供帮助时，这是因为他们要么觉得自己没有能
力这样做，要么不确定安全。A. all全部；B. either（两者中的）任何一个，或者，要么；C. both两个都；
D. neither两者都不。分析语法可知，后文有“or”，因此，这里应是“either…or…”，意为“要么……要
么……”，用于文中表达两种可能的原因。故选B项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们不提供帮助时，这是因为他们要么觉得自己没有能力这样做，要么不确
定安全。A. talent天赋，才能；B. gift礼物，天赋；C. ability能力；D. habit习惯。根据前文“However, the
latest research shows that most people feel willing to help when they can.”可知，大多数人愿意在力所能及的时
候给与帮助，由此可推知，如果没能帮助，有可能是不在能力范围之内。“have the ability to do”，意为
“有能力做”，符合语境。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾伦说：“实际上，你可以通过采用四个D来让自己成为一个积极的旁观者：
分散注意力、委托、拖延或记录。”A. adopting领养，采用；B. adapting适应，改编；C. replacing取代，
代替；D. rebuilding重建，使复原。分析可知，“the Four D’s: distract, delegate, delay or document(四个D：
分散注意力、委托、拖延或记录)”是做干预的方法，因此，这里应是“采用，采纳”。故选A项。
【48题详解】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“积极的旁观者有助于挑战不当行为。”A. artificial假的，人工的；B.
beneficial有益的；C. impossible不可能的；D. improper不合适的，不正当的。分析可知，这里的
“behavior(行为)”是以前文“You witness a man uses abusive language towards his mother in a grocery store.
Or you hear someone saying something mean to your friend at a party.”为代表的不当行为。故选D项。
【49题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：以男子在杂货店辱骂母亲为例，不要当面指责男子，相反，一个积极的旁观者
可以通过询问男子如何选择成熟的西瓜来间接干预。A. firmly坚定地，坚固地；B. indirectly间接地；C.
severely非常严重地，严厉地；D. confidently自信地，安心地。分析可知，“instead”表达转折含义，因此，
与前文“a face-to-face blame(面对面的指责)”提及的“面对面，直接”相反，这里应是“间接干预”。故
选B项。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这有助于缓和气氛，这可能会扭转局面。A. topic话题；B. conversation对话，
交谈；C. atmosphere氛围，气氛；D. worry担心，忧虑。根据动词“ease”意为“缓和”含义可推知，这
里表达“缓和氛围”，即，旁观者的间接干预转换成了一个相对轻松的话题，起到缓和氛围的作用。故选
C项。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为另一种选择，你可以委托。A. cause原因；B. option选择，选择权；C.
reality现实，实际经历；D. effect效果。根据前文“Actually, you can prepare yourself to be an active bystander
by ____7____ the Four D’s: distract, delegate, delay or document”提出了四种干预手段，“you can delegate(你
可以委托)”是其中一种选择。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在目睹暴力事件时，你可以告诉其他人通知官方机构。A. blame责备，把……
归咎于；B. fund为……提供资金；C. inform通知；D. post寄，邮寄。根据语境“the authorities(官方机
构)”并结合常识“可以报警”可推知，这里应是委托其他人去通知有关官方机构进行干预。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第三，询问受害者是否有什么可以帮助的，也会推迟局势的升级。A. help帮助，
帮忙；B. confirm证明，确认；C. escape逃脱，逃避；D. delay耽搁，延误。根据句首“Thirdly(第三)”以
及后文“Lastly, you can videotape the behavior with your cellphone.”讲到了最后一个干预方法可推知，这里
讲述的是第三种干预方法“delay”。故选D项。
【54题详解】公众号：高中试卷君
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些记录可以对潜在的作恶者发出警告。A. tip诀窍，小费；B. trick诡计，恶
作剧；C. cheat骗子，欺骗手段；D. warning警告。根据前文“Lastly, you can videotape the behavior with
your cellphone.”可推知，记录下来的不当行为可以作为对作恶者的警告。故选D项。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但你必须小心，不要以可能对你或受害者造成伤害的方式进行干预。A.
careful小心的，认真的；B. nervous紧张的，不安的；C. scared害怕的，恐惧的；D. worried担心的，担忧
的。根据后文“not to intervene in a way that could cause harm to you or the victim”可知，不能以使事态恶化
进行干预，因此，干预时要小心，谨慎。故选A项。
第二节：语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since July 2019, China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme _____56_____ (carry) out a new service of
picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai.
The service comes after _____57_____ recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai.
Individuals that throw away their garbage _____58_____ being sorted out can be fined up to 200 yuan, while
companies and _____59_____ (organize) can face fines up to 50,000 yuan.
The trash takeaway service requires residents to sort _____60_____ (they) own garbage before it is picked up
by workers from Eleme, _____61_____ will definitely dispose of the waste in the correct garbage bins.
It’s obvious that this service is convenient to the old, _____62_____ (especial) to the disabled customers.
_____63_____, many netizens on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service,
_____64_____(complain) it just wants to make money. They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. Besides, many
more people doubt ______65______ these collectors will wash their hands after dealing with the trash.
【答案】56. has carried
57. a 58. without
59. organizations
60. their 61. who
62. especially
63. However
64. complaining
65. whether##if
【解析】
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国在线外卖平台“饿了么”在上海推出了一项新服务，
即帮助用户丢垃圾，人们对此看法褒贬不一。
【56题详解】
考查时态。句意：自2019年7月以来，中国在线外卖平台饿了么在上海推出了一项新服务，即接单为用户
扔垃圾。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语“Since July 2019”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为
“China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has carried。
【57题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这项服务是在上海最近发布的一项废物管理规定之后推出的。修饰可数名词单数
“regulation”，表示“泛指”，且修饰词recently-released的发音是辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填
a。
【58题详解】
考查介词。句意：未经分类就乱扔垃圾的个人将面临最高 200元的罚款，而公司和机构将面临最高5万元
的罚款。根据下文“can be fined up to 200 yuan”可知，未经分类就乱扔垃圾的人会被罚款。用介词
“without”，表示“没有进行垃圾分类”。故填without。
【59题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：未经分类就乱扔垃圾的个人将面临最高 200元的罚款，而公司和机构将面临最高5
万元的罚款。根据上文的“companies”可推断，空处为可数名词organization（组织）的复数形式。故填
organizations。
【60题详解】
考查代词。句意：垃圾外卖服务要求居民将自己的垃圾分类，然后由饿了么的工作人员拿走，他们定会将
垃圾处理在正确的垃圾箱里。根据空后的“own garbage”可知，空处为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词
“own garbage”。故填their。
【61题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：垃圾外卖服务要求居民将自己的垃圾分类，然后由饿了么的工作人员拿走，他们定
会将垃圾处理在正确的垃圾箱里。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“workers from Eleme”，在非限制
性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词who。故填who。
【62题详解】
考查副词。句意：很明显，这项服务方便了老年人，尤其是残疾人。根据上文“It’s obvious that this service
is convenient to the old”可知，这项服务方便了老年人，而对空后的 “the disabled customers”更为有利，
用副词especially。故填especially。
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司【63题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，新浪微博上的许多网友并不认为饿了么提供了一个很好的服务，他们抱怨说饿了
么只是想赚钱。空后“many netizens on Sina Weibo don’t think Eleme is providing a wonderful service”和上
文“It’s obvious that this service is convenient to the old”存在转折关系，用however；出现在句首，首字母
大写。故填However。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，新浪微博上的许多网友并不认为饿了么提供了一个很好的服务，他们抱怨
说饿了么只是想赚钱。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“many netizens”之间存在主动关系，用
现在分词形式。故填complaining。
【65题详解】公众号：高中试卷君
考查宾语从句。句意：此外，更多的人怀疑这些清洁工在处理完垃圾后是否会洗手。这里为宾语从句的引
导词，从句中不缺少成分，表示“是否”。用whether或if。故填whether/if。
第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节：应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，留学生朋友Peter借给你一本英文名著《飘》(Gone with the Wind)，可是你不小心损坏
了。请你给他写封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示道歉；
2.解释损坏原因；
3.提出补救办法。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第26页/共30页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m writing to express my sincere apology for the accidental damage to the English classic Gone with the
Wind you kindly lent me.
Yesterday evening I was absorbed in the book when I carelessly knocked down the cup, the hot water pouring
over the book. I was upset that the whole book was in bad shape. Knowing how precious the book is to you, I’m
terribly sorry for any inconvenience caused.
I expect to make it up to you by replacing the book with a new copy. I’ve purchased one online, which will be
sent to you in 3 days. I hope this unfortunate incident won’t affect our friendship. Please accept my heartfelt
apology.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。留学生朋友Peter借给你一本英文名著《飘》(Gone with the Wind)，可
是你不小心损坏了。要求考生给他写封邮件道歉，同时解释损坏原因并提出补救办法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
衷心的：sincere → heartfelt
全神贯注于：be absorbed in → concentrate on
珍贵的：precious→ valuable
非常：terribly → awfully
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I was upset that the whole book was in bad shape.
拓展句：I was upset because the whole book was in bad shape.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing how precious the book is to you, I’m terribly sorry for any inconvenience caused.
(运用了现在分词作原因状语)
[高分句型2] I’ve purchased one online, which will be sent to you in 3 days. (运用了关系代词which引导非限制
性定语从句)
第二节 读后续写(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
I always hope for some student who possesses that unusual capability to convey feeling， insight, and passion
through art. It doesn’t happen often, but it did one summer holiday - and from a wonderfully unexpected source.
第27页/共30页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司That summer, I volunteered to teach a summer school art class for high school freshmen. When I arrived on the
first day, the students were grouping in the center of the classroom, except for a red-haired girl named Emma who
took a desk in the back row. I looked over what would be my workspace for the following days. There were large
windows with plenty of light and I spotted several kinds of trees outside that would serve as models.
Emma was always the earliest to get to our classes，and I could feel her effort. However, she kept her seat in
the back row as though being ignored was something to hope for. I asked one popular girl, who said, “She is an
orphan. We try to be friendly, but she acts like she’s in another world.” I said, “All right. Let’s try to make this summer
the good part of Emma’s life, OK?” There was no answer in words but she nodded, telling me she understood and
empathized - good kid, at heart.
During the following days, I could feel other students’ kindness to Emma. Sometimes, Emma even talked and
drew with them, but she still kept a certain distance from me. When I asked to see her work, she leaned forward
covering it with her forearms. Treating her in any special way only seemed to emphasize her painful dissimilarity, so
I limited my communication with her to a good morning smile.
The summer went by quickly and everyone got much better at drawing. So did Emma’s behavior. We had a lot
of fun in the process, but the last day came at the right time. The kids filed in and watched me write the assignment
on the whiteboard: Draw a picture titled: “A Place I Love”.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I walked around, watching the drawings develop.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
It was Emma’s turn to show her drawing.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司____________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
I walked around, watching the drawings develop. The students were immersed in their work, each trying to
capture the essence of the place they loved in their unique way. The drawings were a mix of vibrant colors and
delicate lines, each telling a story of someone's heartfelt attachment to a special place. I smiled, knowing that this
assignment had been a success in its own way.
It was Emma’s turn to show her drawing. She stood up slowly, her face flushed with nervousness. She held up
her drawing, and I gasped. It was a beautiful rendering of the classroom we had spent the summer in. The large
windows, the various trees outside, and even the whiteboard with our final assignment written on it were all
captured in meticulous detail. But more than that, it was the emotion in the drawing that struck me. Emma had
captured the essence of our summer together, the joy, the struggle, and the growth that we had all experienced. I
looked up at her, tears in my eyes, and saw that she was smiling too. In that moment, I knew that Emma had not
only found a place she loved, but she had also found a community that loved her.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者注意到Emma在课堂上保持距离，通过了解得知她是孤儿后，
决定和其他学生一起努力让Emma感受到温暖和接纳。在老师和同学们的关心下，Emma逐渐敞开心扉，
不仅在艺术上取得了进步，也在情感上得到了成长。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我四处走动，看着这些画慢慢成形。”可知，第一段可描写作者看到同学们的画的
感受。
②由第二段首句内容“轮到Emma展示她的画了。”可知，第二段可描写Emma的画展现了她的情感。
2. 续写线索：教高一美术——遇到Emma——了解Emma——鼓励同学对Emma友善——同学们答应——
改变了Emma——所有人绘画水平都提高了很多——Emma作品打动了作者。
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①眼中充满泪水：tears in my eyes/eyes welling up/tears brimming
②知道：know/realize/recognize
③花费：spend/cost/take
情绪类
①全神贯注地：immersed/engrossed/absorbed
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司②快乐：joy/pleasure/delight
【点睛】[高分句型1]I smiled, knowing that this assignment had been a success in its own way.(that引导的宾语
从句)
[高分句型2]Emma had captured the essence of our summer together, the joy, the struggle, and the growth that we
had all experienced.(that引导的定语从句)
第30页/共30页
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
