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2014年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）
B
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
Passenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上
sky for hours.
将该项涂黑。
It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point, there were more than 3 billion
A
passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States,
The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge
making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had
Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!
already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was
The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF) is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity
seen near Cincinnati.
Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create
Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were
artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.
abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial
Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows
hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw
what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the
large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in
Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue. Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.
restaurants.
Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special
By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had
ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students.
been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驱散）the flocks and forced the birds to
Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given.
go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great
Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.
flocks were gone, never to be seen again.
Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing
In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then,
ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information
no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United
are available at: http://cambridgesciencefestival.org.
States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human
21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?
care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in
A. School students B. Cambridge locals C. CSF winners D. MIT artists
September 1, 1914.
22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?
24. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons .
A. On February 8th B. On March 10th C. On April 21st D. On March 15th
A. were the biggest bird in the world
23. What type of writing is this text?
B. lived mainly in the south of America
A. An exhibition guide. B. An art show review.
C. did great harm to the natural environment
C. An announcement. D. An official report.D. were the largest bird population in the US 28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?
25. The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ . A. To show off his skills. B. To trick the lion.
A. escape B. ruin C. liberation D. evolution C. To get ready for a fight. D. To entertain the audience.
26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons? 29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?
A. To seek pleasure B. To save other birds A. They feel puzzled over choices. B. They hold on to the wrong things.
C. To make money D. To protect crops C. They find it hard to make changed. D. They have to do something for show.
27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan? 30. What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?
A. It was ignored by the public B. It was declared too late A. Tolerant B. Doubtful C. Respectful D. Supportive
C. It was unfair D. It was strict 31. When the world is “waving a chair in your face”, you’re advised to .
A. wait for a better chance B. break your old habits
C C. make a quick decision D. ask for clear guidance
A typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip （鞭）and a chair.
The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important D
work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other
the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world
do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
man holding the chair. Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations--- UNESCO and
want to achieve（e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more）--- only to end up confused by all of the National Geographic among them---have for many years been documenting dying languages and the
options in front of you and never make progress? cultures they reflect.
This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and
people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A Grammar of
result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his
action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving. experience living, looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.
It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include
All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But
of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.
accomplish, someone you want to become … take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials---including
to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way. photographs, films, tap recordings, and field notes---which had remained unstudied and were badly inneed of care and protection. Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, “What ingredients（配料）can we add to
Now, through the two organizations that he has founded---the Digital Himalaya Project and the World make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the
Oral Literature Project---Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and pancakes better? What could we try next time?
stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the youngers. 2. Creativity
Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38 There
technology and the widely available Internet. Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new
reconnected with speech communities. can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.
32. Many scholars are making efforts to . 3. Personal skills
A. promote global language B. rescue disappearing languages Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own
C. search for language communities D. set up language research organizations head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping
33. What does “that tradition” in Paragraph 3 refer to? to false conclusions. 39 “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by
A. Having full records of the languages. looking at his face?” “If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”
B. Writing books on language teaching. 4. Self Expression
C. Telling stories about language users. 40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas---music, acting, drawing, building,
D. Living with the native speakers.
photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.
34. What is Turin’s book based on?
A. Encourage kids to cook with you.
A. The cultural studies in India.
B. And we can’t forget science education.
B. The documents available at Yale.
C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.
C. His language research in Bhutan.
D. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.
D. His personal experience in Nepal.
E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.
35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?
F. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?
A. Write, sell and donate. B. Record, repair and reward.
G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.
C. Design, experiment and report. D. Collect, protect and reconnect.
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第二节 （共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）
第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题两分，满分40分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A，B，C，D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最
The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that
佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
will serve them well no matter what the future holds.
As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine（常
1. Curiosity
规）basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, onChristmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off 58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon
and by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp 59. A. lost B. chose C. quit D. left
albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When parents 60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues．
bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49
of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix？
many 52 , who now complain（抱怨）about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hour at a
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61
time when they first 54 their driver’s licenses （执照）? Before people retire, they usually 55 to
（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 （actual）
do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while working. But 58 after retirement,
caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of
the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 59 .
environmental cleanup.
And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 .
But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65
41. A. habit B. principle C. way D. power
（reduce） the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water
42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages
43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going
in the river is 66 （clean）than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family
44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow
45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive
crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face
46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. half-filled D. newly-collected
such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main
While there are 68 （amaze） stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69
48. A. silently B. impatiently C. worriedly D. gladly （change） are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70
49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game （patience）.
50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement
51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10
54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered 处错误，每句中最多有两处，每处仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
55. A. need B. learn C. plan D. start
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
56. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry
tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden. Since then --- for all these year --- we had been allowing
tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small
in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we
allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect
attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，计划暑假期间去英国学习英语，为期六周．下面的广告引起了你的注意，请
给该校写封信，询问有关情况（箭头所指内容）
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 参考词汇：住宿—accommodation.
