文档内容
关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
专题 14 首字母填空
题型解读｜模板构建｜真题试炼
识·题型解读 命题特点 + 技巧解读 + 真题示例
明·模板构建 答题模板 / 技巧点拨 + 典型问答
用·真题演练 真题示例 + 思路点拨 / 模板运用 + 规范答题 + 变式演练
练·模板运用 最新模拟、预测考向
种题型难度相对较大,考生失分现象比较严重。考生要仔细阅读全文,利用上下文提供的有关信息,仔细
阅读相关句子,判断所缺单词在句中所作的成分,这样才能写出正确答案。要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较
强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,而且还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。
解题步骤
1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。
2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分。
3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围。
4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案。
5.通读短文，检查答案。注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。
一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分
包括宾语，定语，状语，表语、同位语、补语等。
1.对主语的判断：做主语词性主要为：名词，代词，动名词。注意名词单复数。
1. B is the color of the sky on a sunny day.
2.Tony’s family was preparing dinner when Amy arrived. The family was cooking vegetables with hot oil.
The k was filled with many good smells.
2.对谓语的判断：做谓语词性主要为：动词。注意时态的问题。
时态:
一般现在时：要考虑动词的三单形式
一般过去时：要考虑动词的过去式
现在进行时：考虑动词的现在分词形式
1关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
现在完成时：要考虑动词的过去分词的形式
1．He h his head in shame after being caught cheating on the exam.
2．Small restaurants can s many people every day, because customers don’t stay very
long.
3．On the eve of the festival, many lanterns are h in the streets.
4．When you c the street, you must be careful. The traffic is busy.
5．Mark is so tired that he has f asleep already.
3.对宾语的判断:做宾语词性主要为：主要为名词，代词，动名词。
1．—Would you mind p me the sugar instead of the salt?
—Surely, here you are.
2．The boss promised to d our pay next month, so we can make more money.
3．Remember to h the milk before drinking. It’s good for your stomach.
4.对表语的判断:做表语词性主要为： 形容词，名词 , 介词短语 。如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须
改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。
1．The teacher reads every student’s name to check who is a .
2．The star is so t that we can hardly see it with our eyes.
3．The letters are so t that I can’t see them clearly.
4．In the future, doctors can better understand p illnesses by looking at 3-D
images of the human body.
5.对定语的判断:做定语词性主要为：形容词，序数词，介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必
须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。注意形容词比较级和最高级。
1．Dr. Ma was very proud to help so many b people to see again.
2．You should do more p exercise, or you’ll be much fatter.
3．After I finished the primary school in my home town, I went to a s school in Jinan.
4．In many countries, it is often not polite to ask very d questions when you meet someone for the first time.
6.对状语的判断:做状语词性主要为：副词，介词。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成 to
do ,doing 或 done 的形式。
1．—Nowadays, people s pay cash (现金).
—Yes. They usually use their phones. It’s more convenient.
2．I didn’t know what to buy for Jane as her birthday gift until I saw what e I was looking for in a shop—a
nice cake with her favorite Elsa on it!
3．He said in surprise, “It was e what I needed. You know me so well.”
2关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
7.对连词的判断:并列连词and, but, or, so , not only…but also, either …or, neither…nor, as well as, both…and等
连接并列的词,词组和句子; 从属连词although/though /because/ if/unless/when/until/after/before/as/...等连接从
句。因此，首字母中一个句子中有从句的话，就考虑从属连词。
1．The expressions we use might depend on w we are speaking to.
2．Could you please tell me with w you are discussing?
二．其他做题思路：
1. 依据习惯用法与固定搭配进行填词：
W his help, the old man was safe. The boy thanked him very much.
2.依据语法知识进行填词：
It was a l earlier.
3.依据常识的积累进行填词：
But it was too late. His friend was very angry. Mr. White said nothing but only one word “S
.” Mr.
4.依据逻辑推理与句意理解进行填词：
One Sunday afternoon, Mr. White drove his new car to his friend’s house happily. He wanted to p
his friend up at five and then went to see a new movie together.
解题技巧
1.理清文章脉络
首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇
文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能
够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。
例1 Here are some t to help improve children's working memory.
2.找出提示词
解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲
设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并
根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。
例2 Eating vegetables does not make us f because they are low in calories.
例3 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m which are themed on the Grand
Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself?
3.确定适当形式
仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考
虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。
动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去
分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或
最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。
3关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
例4 This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the (71)e to grow.
例5 The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c by many as the “treasure of the
museum”.
1.（2024·天津·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Long ago, the early people did not live in houses as we do today. Most of the homes were in caves or shelters
(遮蔽物) which were built in trees. These ‘homes’ were only used as temporary (临时的) shelters to p 1 them
from the sun, the rain and the wild animals in the forests. Men of that time were called ‘cave people’.
These ‘cave people’ usually lived in small groups and life was not e 2 for them. They had to move from
place to place to s 3 for food. They would hunt, fish or pick wild fruit. When they couldn’t find a 4 to eat,
they would leave to find another proper place. Their tools were very simple. They ate raw (生的) food u 5 they
learnt how to make a fire. For clothing, they used only the bark (树皮) of trees or the skins (皮) of animals to c 6
their bodies.
However, the lives of the ‘cave people’ changed. They collected the seeds (种子) of wild plants that g 7
in the forests. Soon they learnt to plant fruit, vegetables and other crops. They also kept cows, sheep and other
kinds of farm a 8 for milk, meat and skins. They became f 9 and lived in only one certain area. Their
groups became l 10 than before as they lived more settled (固定的) lives. They built houses as long-lasting
homes, and as a result, villages and towns developed quickly. The ‘cave people’ began to be civilized (文明的).
2.（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答
题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his
work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b
1 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with
the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 2 them.
Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old
woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 3 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes
ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 4 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in
just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 5 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were
rarely seen?
One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most
handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 6 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to
me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought.
She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he
had r 7 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 8 the same color as the sky just
before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 9 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel
beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.”
The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when
4关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
I u 10 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle.
3.（2024·江苏盐城·中考真题）Do you have a friend with an interesting background? Today, I’d like to tell you
about a friend of m 1 with it. I’ll tell you a bit about her, such as where she’s from and why we’re good friends.
You know, I didn’t use to do s 2 . However, a couple of years ago, I j 3 a fitness club. There, I met
Linda. After the exercise, we had coffee together and b 4 good friends soon. I think we have a lot in c 5 —
we both like to keep fit and love trying different food. And we love the ocean; in summer, we like to play at the b
6 and go swimming there. Linda was b 7 in London, but has lived in China for ten years. So she can s 8
both Chinese and English. That’s something different about us. Another d 9 is her background—Linda has
experience and knowledge of two cultures.
So, now you know a bit about my friend Linda. Although we might not always live in the same city in the f
10 , I think we’ll stay friends forever.
1.（2024·上海浦东新·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已
给。
Have you heard about periodic table (元素周期表) lately? Well, there’s some big news about this special
table. But first, remember that periodic table is u 1 to organize all the elements, or things that make up our
world.
Elements are all around us. Iron is one of the commonest elements found within the earth. You probably
know the element oxygen. It is the element that we b 2 in all the time. And elements can combine to make new
things like H O, namely hydrogen put together with oxygen, also known as water. Learning about this helps us b
2
3 understand the world we live in.
But have you ever noticed something missing in the periodic table? There were already 114 elements, but the
seventh row of the table was not f 4 until now. In December, scientists from IUPAC found the four elements
that were missing. There are elements 113, 115, 117 and 118. “To scientists, this is of greater v 5 than an
Olympic gold medal,” Ryoji Noyori, a noble honored chemist, told Guardian.
The new elements are heavy metals and were made in l 6 . This kind of elements can’t find in nature.
Scientists are still looking for ways to use these elements and other elements in the eighth row in our daily lives.
Scientists have been working on this for ten years, but the work is not done. Now they will p 7 to look
for “element 119 and beyond”. But for now, be careful when you read your chemistry books because the periodic
table might be outdated.
2.（2025·上海浦东新·一模）Three months ago, I started a journey. It required neither a backpack nor a plane
ticket. What I needed was a notebook and a pen. I decided to record every single day for 90 days, just through
words on p 1 , not audio (音频) or video.
Now that I’ve finished this challenge. I’m here to share the ideas and feelings I’ve gained, hopefully
encouraging you to try this useful tool.
1 I’m a listener to myself
Most of us spend a lot of time listening to others. But in that process, we often f 2 to hear the most
5关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
important voice—our own.
For many people, life is so busy that they don’t have time to think. However, that was wrong. When I started
writing, I felt s 3 to notice the deep thoughts and feelings in my mind. I never expected that I would have so
much to say.
2 The past is not a prison
Through writing about my experiences, I found that I could see my past in a new light. Those experiences
weren’t a cage; they were l 4 that taught me a lot. I learned to face life with an open mind from mistakes. I also
became aware of the meaning of life through pains and difficulties. Recording helped me move on.
3 The f 5 is a canvas (画布)
Recording didn’t just make me a historian of my past; it also made me an architect of tomorrow. It is filled
with ideas, goals, and hopes. I was able to plan and dream like never before. My record turned out to be a priceless
tool for my p 6 growth and development, as it helped me plan my own life and prepare for it.
By recording, I saw my strengths, weaknesses, gains and losses. I saw all parts of myself—and I a 7
them all. I don’t need to be perfect. What really matters is that I am in progress.
3.（2025·上海黄浦·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其通顺。每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Know Your Feelings
Take a moment to notice how your body feels right now. Is your breathing fast or slow? Is your mind busy
with thoughts, or focused on what you’re reading? These are s 1 from your body and brain that show how
you’re feeling.
Where do feelings come from?
“Feelings start in our brains and exist in our bodies,” says Ekta Hattangady, a counselor who helps people
with their problems through conversation. Hattangady e 2 how different emotions show up in our bodies.
“When we’re happy or find something funny, we smile. When someone surprises us, our chest or throat might feel
tight. When we’re scared, our breathing can become short,” she says.
Why do feelings m 3 ?
Feelings are important because they give us clues about what we need. If you’re angry, it might mean
something is unfair, and you need help to fix it. If you’re sad, it could mean you need comfort or time to feel b 4
. Understanding your feelings, called emotional awareness, is a key part of growing up. It helps you express what
you’re feeling, which makes it easier to get the help you need to work through things.
Emotions are messengers
You might have seen the movie Inside Out 2. In it, the characters in Riley’s brain represent her c 5
emotions. Each one takes over as she faces big life events. We see joy, fear, and sadness appear when Riley starts
high school and worries about losing her friends. Riley learns to understand that all feelings are normal and natural
r 6 to different situations, and they all have an important role to play.
Try making it a habit to notice how you feel during the day or week. Hattangady says, “Feelings don’t last f
7 —they come and go. Learning to notice them without letting them control you helps us stay calm and make
wise choices.”
4.（2025·上海闵行·一模）在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给
6关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
出。
Snowboarding is an exciting outdoor activity and is becoming very popular among teenagers. Here, we find
out how it can help you to become healthier and enjoy life more.
Taking up snowboarding is a great way to help you to be c 1 and brave—even if you don’t get it right the
first time. That’s why snowboarding is a fantastic way to learn and develop a new interest. I met Kathy Champion,
15, on Mant Blanc, where she e 2 why snowboarding was good for teens.
Kathy started snowboarding at a young age. At only nine years old, she was already snowboarding with her
dad in Scotland and she c 3 to love it to this day. “Being in the mountains for hours every day made me feel so
good and alive,” she said. It helped her to understand how her body works because she learned skills to help her
ride the snowboard p 4 also made her feel that she could do something very well. “Snowboarding taught me to
believe in myself, even when I was worried about hurting myself.” Did she get hurt? “Yes, sometimes, n 5
serious,” she says.
“But it didn’t make me stop. It made me want to succeed even more and get to the bottom of the mountain!”
In what other ways can snowboarding make you healthy and enjoy life more? “It keeps you very fit, very
positive, but it also helps you to make new friends,” Kathy says. She believes that doing an extreme sport also
introduces you to a new and positive community. “You can get s 6 from people who understand what you’ re
doing and are there to help you improve.” And she thinks the feel-good part of snowboarding can also help
teenagers keep out of trouble. “Some people I know from school laugh at me when I tell them how great I feel after
snowboarding. They think that hanging out on the street and doing stupid things is fun—I don’t see how!” So, what
is Kathy’s a 7 to all teenagers? “Get a snowboard, get healthy and enjoy life!”
5.（2025·天津南开·一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Qinling Station, China’s new station in Antarctica
In April, Chinese scientists returned from a “cool” trip to Antarctica (南极). They had a big job: They built
China’s f 1 research station there called the Qinling Station. The scientists built it in only two months. They
made many parts of it in China; and then t 2 them all the way to Antarctica. Once they got there, they put the
parts together just like building with Lego bricks (乐高积木).
The Qinling Station can withstand (抵抗) t 3 as low as -60℃. It uses wind and solar energy because they
are g 4 energy.
How big is the station?
Its main building covers an area of 5,120 km², making it the largest single structure among China’s existing
research stations. It can h 5 80 scientists in summer and 30 in winter. Scientists live in the side parts during
summer. The labs are also there. The middle part is for working and eating m 6 . Scientists sleep in the
bedrooms on the upper floor during winter.
How is it special?
It was the first time China built a station near the Ross Sea. The sea is full of rare a 7 , such as killer
whales (虎鲸), Adelie penguins (阿德利企鹅) and emperor penguins. There are also many volcanoes and big
glaciers along the coast of the sea.
What are China’s five stations?
7关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
B 8 the Qinling Station, China established four research bases in Antarctica over the past nearly 40 years
—the Great Wall Station, the Zhongshan Station, the Kunlun Station and the Taishan Station. The Great Wall
Station was the first to be built in February 1985.
The Qinling Station is near some mountains. These mountains d 9 Antarctica into two parts, just like the
Qinling Mountains form a natural geographical boundary (界线) between northern and southern China.
Kunlun and Taishan are only open in summer. Qinling, Changcheng and Zhongshan are open all y 10
round.
6.（2025·天津河北·一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
At about four pm on every school day, a group of elderly volunteers in red vests (马甲) are seen waiting at
the gate of a primary school in a community in Ningbo. They are known as “shared grandmas”.
Yuan Peijun, 63, is the “grandma” who s 1 the heart-warming program in the community. In early 2019,
Yuan started to help pick up a neighboring girl who was in the same kindergarten (幼儿园) as her grandson. The
girl's parents were still busy with work when she finished school, so picking her up on time was d 2 for the
young couple. When learning of the s 3 , Yuan offered a “small favor”. The favor still goes on today as b 4
kids now study in the same primary school.
Yuan's action has i 5 more elderly women. In September 2019, a formal program was started in the
community. Now, the volunteer team has 58 “grandmas”, mostly in their 60s and 70s. They help working parents
pick up their children and help them with their homework u 6 their parents take over.
In the community, about 1,200 families are dual-income families (双薪家庭), and most of them have young
children. Kindergartens and primary schools finish hours e 7 than most working parents get off work. Thanks
to these elderly volunteers, the problem of picking up children has been s 8 properly.
Experts say the program not only meets the n 9 of young families, but also makes full use of the elderly
as a group. Many elderly people are not r 10 to live the retired (退休的) life and they want to show their value
as well. The program is also a good example of the old Chinese saying— Close neighbors are better than distant
relatives.
7.（2025·天津·一模）Electric cars may seem like a recent invention, but they’ve been around for years. In the
early 1900s, there were more electric cars on the road than there were petrol (汽油) cars. At that time, petrol was e
1 compared with other fuels (燃料). W 2 petrol prices dropped and new technologies were developed,
electric cars went out of fashion (过时). Instead, petrol cars became more p 3 because they could travel longer
distances (距离) without stopping.
During the 20th century, petrol cars got bigger, heavier, and faster. They needed more fuel, and it c 4
more air pollution. For years, car makers didn’t worry about pollution. They didn’t worry about the amount of
petrol cars used, e 5 . But when people began to realise that there was not enough oil on the earth, they asked
car makers to produce more efficient (高效能的) and less polluting cars.
One m 6 of solving the problem was a “hybrid” car (混合动力车), one that ran partly on petrol and
partly on electricity. Hybrid cars became popular in the 2000s when petrol prices went up and the prices of hybrid
cars went d 7 .
An all-electric car uses no petrol. The problem, however, is that car batteries (电池) need to be recharged (再
8关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
充电). That makes electric cars not so useful for long j 8 .
Many people are not p 9 with it. The government and car makers are w 10 together to develop safe,
cheap, and useful electric cars. When people have these cars in the future, a petrol station may be a thing of the
past.
8.（2025·天津西青·一模）
What is the most popular snack today? Potato chips? Walk i 1 almost any supermarket or corner store in
North America and you will see potato chips. North America has the l 2 number of people who love potato
chips in the world. Do you know where this very popular snack food c 3 from?
One day, almost 150 years ago, a man in an expensive restaurant in New York State was cooking popular
food-French fries. However, a customer (顾客) in the restaurant didn’t like the French fries, and complained
because they were too t 4 . The c 5 cut some potatoes into thinner pieces and fried them. A waiter brought
them to the customer. The customer tasted them, and asked to see the boss because he was still not satisfied. The
boss went to e 6 to the customer.
However, the customer said something bad a 7 about the chips again. The cook became very unhappy
because the customer was so r 8 . He decided to play a trick on the customer.
He cut some potatoes so thin t 9 the customer wouldn’t be able to pick them up with his fork.To the
cook’s s 10 , the customer loved the new chips. Soon other customers wanted them, too. From then on, the chips
became more and more popular.
9.（2025九年级上·江苏镇江·期末）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每
空一词。
How fast can someone climb 15 meters—the height of a five-floor building? The answer from Chinese speed
climber Cao Long is 4.98 seconds. He is the t 1 person to have finished the speed climbing route in less than
five seconds. The other two are Indonesian athletes. People call Cao the “fastest man in China” or “Chinese Spider-
Man”.
According to Cao, the r 2 of speed climbing can change every time because it’s a highly stressful race
where two climbers join the competition at the same time. It’s also a sport that finishes in seconds. If you want to s
3 , everything has to be perfect.
But this stress is part of the reason w 4 Cao loves the sport. Having the competition side by side with a
5 climber really excites him. He really enjoys the excitement when achieving his personal best.
Cao tried climbing at the age of 8. L 6 many other kids who first got into climbing, Cao was mainly
doing bouldering (抱石攀岩) and lead climbing and was doing very well.
Sadly, he got hurt and had operations at the age of 18. He then d 7 to try speed climbing. The speed
climbing uses different skills from bouldering and lead climbing and puts less stress on climbers’ bodies. Cao is
great at speed climbing as well, a 8 he thinks he is hardly the strongest athlete. He understands h 9 to better
distribute (分配) power to different parts of his body. In his eyes, the national record of 4.98 seconds has become a
thing of the p 10 . He will keep trying to do better and go beyond himself.
10.（2024·天津滨海新·一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一
词。
9关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
Balloons are a symbol of celebration. People love to release (放) colorful balloons for special events (事件),
such as f 1 and ceremonies. Colorful balloons may look pretty, b 2 they can bring about some serious
problems.
After balloons are released, they can end up hundreds of kilometers away f 3 where they were released,
causing great harm to the environment and wildlife. They can fly a 4 everywhere, including waterways, oceans,
mountains and farmlands.
Well, in our daily life, there are two types of balloons. Most of the balloons we use are latex (乳 胶)
balloons. In fact, i 5 will take them six months to four years to decompose (分解) and they can cause pollution
before they do. The other one is Mylar (聚酯薄膜) balloons. They are a k 6 of plastic balloons which can not
be decomposed and can stay in the environment forever. Similar to plastic bags, the Mylar balloons break into
smaller pieces in the sun.
All of these materials can add to the amount of plastic w 7 in our environment. At the same time, it can
result the death of animals. Sea animals, such as whales, sea birds often mistake balloon pieces for food, and if
eaten, those pieces can make them h 8 to breathe and then cause them to die. Even worse, some birds are
collecting balloon pieces, thinking that they are food, and even f 9 them to their babies
So, don’t release balloons any more in order to r 10 the pollution and protect animals. Small step we take
can make the world better, healthier and cleaner.
11.（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英
语单词完整的、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
Have you ever h 1 of the term “children of the stars”? It’s a special name for children with autism (自闭
症). April 2 is World Autism Awareness Day. It was started by the United Nations to make people know m 2
about autism and offer better care and support to those w 3 have it.
Autism affects (影响) how a person grows and learns. It usually starts to show within the f 4 three years
of life. The official (官方的) name for this condition is “autism spectrum disorder (自闭症谱系障碍).” Doctors use
a handbook 4 DSM-5 to diagnose (诊断) autism. It talks about two main autism signs: problems with talking and
helping with o 5 and doing the same things over and over again.
“When I talk to my daughter or ask her to do something, she won’t pay a 6 to me,” said Meng Lingdi.
Her daughter was diagnosed with autism at 2 years old. “She doesn’t make as much eye contact (接触) with people
a 7 another kids do.” Children with autism also feel physical pain. “Many of them have epilepsy (癫痫)
because their brain activity is d 8 from that of other kids,” said Sun Zhongkai at Beijing Stars and Rain
Education Institute for Autism (Stars and Rain).
We don’t know e 9 what causes autism. But scientists think it might be a mix of things like how we
grow, our genes (基因), and our environment. If a family has a child with autism, the chance of their other children
having autism is about 10 times higher than u 10 .
12.（2025·江苏淮安·一模）In many people’s eyes, plants are quiet and passive (被动). They can’t talk. They
can’t walk. And they can’t think like us.
Or can they? A new BBC documentary series, The Green Planet (《绿色星球》), gives us a new look at
plants. Released on J 1 10th on Bilibili, it uncovers the wonderful and dramatic (戏剧性的) ways that plants b
10关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
2 (behave). “The Green Planet reveals (揭示) the secret l 3 of plants in the same way The Blue Planet (《蓝
色星球》) opened our eyes to the oceans,” editor Elle Hunt wrote in New Scientist.
Plants compete against each other to live. In the rainforests, different kinds of plants race f 4 sunlight.
The forest floor is described as a “battlefield” in the series as only two p 5 of the sunlight filters (透过) through
it. Some plants spread their big leaves to reach light. But they are c 6 up in a vine (藤本植物) that tries to hitch
a ride (搭便车). Finally, they are both overtaken by a fast-growing balsa (轻木) tree. As the balsa has slippery (光
滑的) hairs on its leaves, the vine can’t get a hold. Similarly, some trees make poisonous sap (毒汁) to protect t 7
.
Plants also help each other and even communicate. In deserts, the roots of Euphrates poplar (胡杨) are
connected. If a tree finds water, it will share it with others through the roots. Studies also show that plants use
fungus (真菌) in the soil as a way to “talk” to each other. It’s kind of like h 8 Wi-Fi works. If a tomato plant
gets a leaf disease, it can tell nearby plants about it.
The Green Planet not only lets us marvel (惊叹) at the plant world b 9 pushes us to understand that
plants are important. “Plants are the basis of all life, including ourselves. We depend upon them for every mouth of
food that we eat and every lungful of air (一口气) that we breathe,” said David Attenborough, presenter of the
series. It’s time to look after wild plants just as c 10 as our houseplants.
13（2025·江苏扬州·一模）缺词填空
Longtaitou, which means Dragon Heads-raising Day, is a traditional Chinese festival. It f 1 on the
second day of the second lunar month. It has a long history and rich cultural m 2 .
According to ancient Chinese astronomy, as spring approached, the stars in the sky seemed to form the s 3
of a dragon. On this day, people believed that the dragon in the sky would r 4 its head, marking the real arrival
of spring and the start of all things.
One of the most popular traditions on Longtaitou is getting a haircut. It is said that having a hair cut on this
day could bring good fortune and drive away evil s 5 . Many people, especially children, will flock to
barbershops. It is not only a cultural p 6 but also make them look neat and fresh as spring arrives.
A 7 interesting custom is eating food related to the dragon. Dumplings are called “dragon ears”, noodles
are k 8 as “dragon whiskers” (龙须), and pancakes are regarded as “dragon scales” (龙麟). People eat these
“dragon foods” to celebrate the festival and send good wishes for the coming year.
In some regions, there are also wonderful dragon dance performances. The dragons are made of bamboo,
paper, and fabric. Talented dancers would hold the long dragons and move them in a lively way. The energetic
dancing a 9 a strong festive atmosphere to the whole village or town.
Longtaitou is m 10 more than a festival. It’s time for people to come together, enjoy traditional customs
and look forward to a bright future. It shows the connection between the Chinese people and culture, as well as
their longing for a better life.
14（2025·江苏扬州·一模）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整，完整地
写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。(每空一词)
After three years away, Li Ziqi, one of the most popular Chinese video bloggers, made a surprising
comeback on Tuesday afternoon. Li’s return not only quickly became the h 1 topic online, but also attracted the
11关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
world’s attention back to the treasure of Chinese traditional culture.
Li Ziqi, born in 1990 in Sichuan Province in southwest China, began c 2 short videos in a peaceful style
in 2015. In these videos, Li shared beautiful scenes of life in the countryside, traditional cooking, and cultural skills
l 3 making ink and clothes. She quickly received widespread attention online, A 4 Li stopped video updates
in 2021, she still had nearly 100 million followers across China’s top four social media platforms. “I still enjoy s
5 my life and meaningful cultural traditions with everyone,” Li said during an interview with Xinhua.
Li said the lifestyle she enjoys will be a theme of her videos. Over the past three years, she has learned to
play the piano, devoted h 6 to handicrafts (手工艺品), planted many plants and fruits, and traveled with her
grandmother.
Many fans follow her comment section (评论区) with messages s 7 they were excited to see her back.
While reading the comments from people around the world, expressing their blessings (祝福) and how much they
missed her in their own languages, she said, “I am so touched by this. They also shared some of their l 8
customs, animals and plants, or some interesting childhood stories. I really enjoy reading these kinds of comments,
and I miss them a lot too.”
“Internet, short video, technologies i 9 AI, all these things can be used to show my life and spread
culture, so I want to keep going and see if I could o 10 up some new roads,” Li explained her future work plans
in a recent interview.
15（2025九年级下·湖北襄阳·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母
已给出。
What will happen if there is no Internet in your family for a month? One American family d 1 to find
out. They have sent an i 2 to a leading US TV station, expecting that it will send a film group to record their
day-to-day life w 3 information technology for a month.
When the film group meet the Smiths, they find that Mr. Smith, Mrs. Smith and their two sons are so c 4
about Internet that they hardly do things together. At mealtimes, no one sits at the dining table for their food. Mrs.
Smith e 5 “Everyone just runs into the kitchen, takes their food and then goes back to their screen. If we don’t
make a change, our family will become s 6 to each other!”
Getting back to the n 7 life is not easy, especially when the Smiths l 8 themselves in it. They have to
make many changes. For e 9 , the two brothers have to go to the school library to borrow books for their
scientific projects and Mr. and Mrs. Smith need to go shopping because they cannot buy things online. As the
family has picked up the new lifestyle, they can spend more time t 10 with each other, playing sports and doing
all kinds of activities together.
Would they be able to go for long without using the Internet after the challenge?
16（2025·江苏镇江·一模）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空一词。
Cats might not answer when we talk to them, but they could be listening more carefully than we i 1 . A
new study suggests that cats can learn to connect spoken words with pictures.
12关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载
Researchers from Azabu University in Japan, led by Saho Takagi, did an experiment (实验) with 31 cats.
They played recordings of the cats’ owners words l 2 “parumo” or “keraru”. While listening, the cats saw
pictures on a screen, such as a red sun or a w 3 horse. The pictures became bigger and smaller to k 4 the
cats interested. After showing the same word-picture pairs several times, the cats became b 5 and went away.
In the next part of the study, the researchers showed one of the pictures to the cats again. But for half of the
cats, they changed the word that match the picture. The cats that heard the “wrong” word looked at the picture for a
longer time. This showed that they were confused (困惑的) b 6 they didn’t hear the word they used to hear.
Some cats’ eyes got bigger as they looked at the screen. That was another sign that they were confused by what
they saw and heard. Takagi said, “It was really cute to see how s 7 the cats took part in the experiment.”
Most cats connected the word to the picture after just two short training periods, each lasting 9 seconds. This
is f 8 than how human babies learn in similar experiments.
This study is part of more research about cats’ ability to understand l 9 . Before, studies found that cats
can recognize (识别) their own names, and also the names of the people and other cats in their “family.” Takagi
said, “Cats listen to what we say in our d 10 life and try to understand us more than we think.”
13
