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英语知识模拟试题
1、单项选择
1. In China, it is a serious crime to __________ancient paintings out of
the country.
A. struggle B. smuggle C. sublet D. withdraw
2. The rich man was asked to pay a high _________ for his daughter who
was taken away by criminals.
A. margin B. prestige C. ransom D. purchase
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3. According to the International Law, the United Nations would impose
economic _________against an invading country.
A. commissions B. promotions C. sentences D. sanctions
4. To ______ something will enable you to buy property without having the
funds to pay for it at present.
A. donate B. guarantee C. mortgage D. finance
5. Our university is unable to tuition fees to students who fail to
complete the course.
A. rescue B. recover C. refund D. refresh
6. The two presidents came to the negotiating table due to the ______ over
the international boundary.
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A. quarrel B. dispute C. challenge D. competition
7. A major concern for photographers traveling by plane is possible ______
to their film caused by X-ray machines.
A. harm B. injury C. ruin D. damage
8. We must prevent that kind of disaster at all ______.
A. chances B. expenses C. costs D. risks
9．The student was told to ______ for being rude to his teacher.A. excuse B. apologize C. pardon D. forgive
10. Beginning in the late 1970s, the economy of Alaska underwent a rapid
change since oil was discovered and ______.
A. adopted B. utilized C. employed D. exploited
11. His wife's blood transfusion failed because her blood type was not
______ with that of the donor (供血者) .
A. friendly B. adaptable C. consistent D. compatible
12. After leaving college in 1980, he was ______ a lawyer, a clerk in a
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bookshop, and a merchant.
A. infinitely B. continuously C. eternally D. successively
13. From observers' estimates of the brightness of the fireball, he _____
that the body in the space was between 40 feet and 260 feet in diameter.
A. deduced B. reduced C. induced D. produced
14. As a theory, balance of power predicts the rapid changes in
international power and status. For this reason, it helps to maintain the
______ of relations between states.
A. reliability B. credibility C. stability D. variability
15. The state government gave a very __________ explanation of its plans
for the development of electronic industry.
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A. comprehensive B. comprehensible C. comprehension D. comprehend
16. I hope you can ______ your term papers before the deadline.
A. permit B. commit C. admit D. submit
17. Like most foreigners, I ask a lot of questions, some of which are
insultingly silly. But everyone I __________ has answered those questions
with patience and honesty.
A. come across B. come by C. come over D. come into
18. There had been another prison breakout (越狱). Five men got away andare still ______.
A. at random B. at length C. at large D. at stake
19. But asking middle-class voters to abandon some of their benefits seems
to be ______.
A. beyond question B. out of question
C. out of the question D. without question
20. Today the progress of science is so rapid that textbooks become
out-of-date unless they are revised ______ of two or three years.
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A. for the moment B. at times C. on schedule D. at the intervals
1--5: BCDCC 6--10: BDCBD
11--15: DDACA 16--20: DACCD
二、完型填空
It is the firm belief of astronomers that there are living creatures on
other planets. It is also their earnest wish that some day 1 may be made
with such livingcreatures by sending messages inthe form ofradio signals.
The 2 of communicating with people on other plan-ets may one day come 3
since radio telescopes have now been invited .Scientific project of
various kinds are now being launched to 4 signals or to receive sig-nals
from distant planets. The question now arises: What sort of message should
be sent so that it could be understood? To send a message in any language
would be impractical 5 it would certainly not be intelligible.It is the
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opinion of scientists that a signal in the 6 of a simple arithmetic
sequence might be understood.Scientists think that pictures might also
be understood, so it would be a good idea to send pictures of the people
7 our planet.Pictures of domestic animals together with 8 crops we raise
for our food might also be 9. Pictures of houses and buildings might convey
further information about our life and society.As time goes on, TV
pictures might be sent, which would further acquaint the beings on other
planets 10 life and the level of civilization on our planet.
1. A. connection B. touch C. contact D. relationship
2. A. imagination B. dream C. nightmare D. fancy3. A. true B. untrue C. impossible D. possible
4. A. send B. post C. deliver D. release
5. A. then B. as C. and D. therefore
6. A. kind B. type C. form D. category
7. A. settling B. inhabiting C. existing D. establishing
8. A. vicious B. various C. vary D. vision
9. A. transformed B. transmitted C. transferred D.
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transplanted
10. A. on B. as C. with D. about
CBAAB CBBBC
三、阅读理解
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the foUowing passage:Despite a cooling of
the economy, high technology companies are still crying out for skilled
workers. The Information Technology Association of America projects
that more than 800,000 technology jobs will go unfilled next year. The
lack of qualified workers poses a huge threat to the U.S. economy.
The most commonly cited reason for this state of affairs is that the
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countrys agrarian-age education system, separated from the needs of the
business world, fails to prepare students in the primary and secondary
grades for twenty-first-century work. Yet an inadequate and outmod-ed
education system is only part of the problem. A less tangible but equally
powerful cause is an antique classification system that divides the
workforce into two camps: white-collar knowl-edge workers and blue-collar
manual laborers.Blue-collar workers emerged in the United States during
the Industrial Age as work migra-ted from farms to factories. White-collar
office workers became a significant class in the twenti-eth century,outnumbering their blue-collar brethren by mid-century. But the white
or blue par-adigm has clearly outlived its utility. Corporations
increasingly require a new layer of knowledge worker: a highly skilled
multi-disciplinarian who combines the mind of the white-collar worker
with the hands of the blue-collar employee. Armed with a solid grounding
in mathematics and science ( physics, chemistry, and biology), these
“gold-collar” workers-so named for their contributions to their
companies and to the economy, as well as for their personal earning
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worker already exists in a wide range of jobs across a wide range of
businesses: think of the maintenance technician who tests and repairs
aircraft systems at American Airlines; the network administrator who
manages systems and network operations at P&G; the advanced-manufacturing
technician at Intel.But until American business recognizes these people
as a new class of worker, one whose collar is neither blue nor white,
demands that schools do a better job of preparing employees for the
twenty-first-century workforce will be futile.
1. According to the passage the lack of qualified workers
A. makes a cooling of the economy.
B. decreases the costs of high technology companies.
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C. emphasizes the importance of unfilled jobs.
D. hinders the development of U. S. economy.
2. From the second paragraph we learn that
A. the workforce classification is as serious as the
reason of education system.
B. twenty-first-century work are separated from the needs
of the business world.C. white-collar worker is only part of the problem of
education system.
D. blue-collar manual laborers are needed in agrarian-aged
America.
3. It can be inferred that the gold-workers differ from
white collar and blue collar workers in that they
A. wear gold-collar working clothes when they are on duty.
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B. do better in combining their contributions and earning
abilities.
C. grasp the knowledge and engage in labor work as well.
D. apply the arts knowledge to technology.
4. The best title for the text maybe
A. 800,000 Technology Jobs Unfilled.
B. Gold-workers Needed.
C. U.S. Economy threatened.
D. Schools Fail to Train Gold-workers.
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Questions 5 to 8 are based on the following passage:
Computer programmers often remark that computing machines, with a perfect
lack of dis-crimination, will do any foolish thing they are told to do.
The reason for this lies, of course, in the narrow fixation of the
computing machines "intelligence" on the details of its own percep-
tions its inability to be guided by any large context. In a psychological
description of the com-puter intelligence, three related adjectives come
to mind: single-minded, literal minded, and simple-minded. Recognizing
this, we should at the same time recognize that this single-mind-edness, literal-mindedness, and simple-mindedness also characterize
theoretical mathematics,though to a lesser extent.Since science tries to
deal with reality, even the most precise sciences normally work with more
or less imperfectly understood approximations toward which scientists
must maintain an ap-propriate skepticism. Thus, for instance, it may come
as a shock to mathematicians to learn that the Schrodinger equation for
the hydrogen atom is not a literally correct description of this atom but
only an approximation to a some that more correct equation taking account
of spin,magnetic dipole, and relativistic effects and that this corrected
equation is itself only an imper-fect approximation to an infinite set
of quantum field theoretical equations. Physicists, looking at the
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original Schrodinger equation, learn to sense in it the presence of many
invisible terms in addition to the differential terms visible, and this
sense inspires an entirely appropriate disre-gard for the purely
technical features of the equation. This very healthy skepticism is
foreign to the mathematical approach.Mathematics must deal with
well-defined situations. Thus, mathematicians depend on an intellectual
effort outside of mathematics for the crucial specification of the
approximation that mathematics is to take literally. Give mathematicians
a situation that is the least bit ill-defined,and they will make it
well-defined, perhaps appropriately, but perhaps inappropriately. In
some cases, the mathematicians’ literal-mindedness may have unfortunate
consequences. The mathematicians turn the scientists; theoretical
assumptions, that is, their convenient points of analytical emphasis into
axioms, and then take these axioms literally. This brings the danger
that they may also persuade the scientists to take these axioms literally.
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The question, central to the scientific investigation but intensely
disturbing in the mathematical context-what happens if the axioms are
relaxed? -is thereby ignored.The physicist rightly dreads precise
argument, since an argument that is convincing only if it is precise loses
all its force if the assumptions on which it is based are slightly
changed,whereas an argument that is convincing though imprecise may well
be stable under small agita-tions of its underlying assumptions.
5. The author discusses computing machines in the first paragraph
primarily in order to
A. indicate the dangers inherent in relying to a greatextent on machines.
B. illustrate his views about the approach of
mathematicians to problem solving.
C. compare the work of mathematicians with that of
computer programmers.
D. provide one definition of intelligence.
6. According to the passage, scientists are skeptical
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toward their equations because scientists
A. work to explain real, rather than theoretical or
simplified situations.
B. know that well defined problems are often the most
difficult to solve.
C. are unable to express their data in terms of multiple
variables.
D. are unwilling to relax the axioms they have developed.
7. According to the passage, mathematicians present a
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danger to scientists because
A. Mathematicians may provide theories that are
incompatible with those already devel-oped by scientists.
B. Mathematicians may define situations in a way that is
incomprehensible to scientists.
C. Mathematicians may convince scientists that theoreticalassumptions are facts.
D. scientists may come to believe that axiomatic
statements are untrue.
8. The author suggests that the approach of physicists to
solving scientific problems is
A. practical for scientific purposes.
B. detrimental to scientific progress.
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C. unimportant in most situations.
D. expedient, but of little long-term value.
Questions 9 to 2 are based on the following passage:
At an office in Hampton, Virginia, in the east of the
United States, a team of ten net-sav-vy workers scours the
web for sexual content, from basic sex education to sex
acts. This “quali-ty assurance” team is making sure that
the blocking component of Symantecs Norton Internet
Security 2000 computer program remains effective. This is
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because there is widespread parental concern about
blocking websites with sexual content from children.
Website blocking is nothing new-services like Net Nanny
and programs like Cyber Patrol and Guard Dog have been
around for a few years now, protecting children and
reassuring par-ents that only wholesome websites areaccessed by the youngsters. Net Nanny and Cyber Patrol
will prevent access to any questionable sites when the
program is in place.
Now Symantec says it has created a new category in
consumer software with a package that combines website
blocking with a "firewall, protecting your computer from
hackers, snoopers and viruses, as well as preventing
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inadvertent disclosure of personal data.
In short, Norton Internet Security ( NIS), as the program
is called, is designed to serve as the guardian of your
digital health, keeping the bad things out and the private
things in.
The Symantec program can be configured in many ways, -the
website blocking, for exam-ple, can be set to be either
selectively permissive or total in its banning of
websites, or switched off entirely. Also, Symantecs list
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of no-go areas, which on the CD now stand at a-round
36,000 addressed, is not confined to sex sites. The team
in Virginia is also on the look-out for sites advocating
drugs, or which contain references to violence or
gambling, and keeps a watch on chat rooms, e-mail
services, entertainment portals-even job search andfinancial pa-ges. These sites can be blocked by the
program.
Computer users can also refresh the address list online
with the live update feature which is used by Norton Anti-
Virus (which is bundled with NIS) to load the latest virus
definitions.
This service is free for the first year but, including
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virus definition updates, it costs $ US 19.95 a year
thereafter.
The system is not perfect, however. Limited testing found
the blocking of some “question-able” sites was not
comprehensive. Trying to get access to a well-known US
site such as Play-boy results in an immediate blocking
message with a standard invitation to report an
“incorrectly categorized” site. By contrast, you could
find in other countries such as New Zealand a sex site
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which declared itself to be "dedicated to providing sexual
material, imaged, and any thing a little bit unusual for
sex enthusiasts all over the country".
9. We can infer from paragraph 1 that
A. the net-savvy workers are interested in searching the
web for sexual contentB. this quality assurance team have difficulty in making
sure that the blocking component effective for the
parents request
C. the parents all over the world do not want the sexual
websites to be blocked
D. the parents all over the world concern that their
children will be harmed by the sexual websites
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10. The functions of NIS is NOT to
A. protect computers from virus
B. protect personal data from inadvertently disclosed
C. protect computers from being invaded by other persons
D. forbid other people sharing your personal data
11. Which is NOT included in the Symantecs list of no-go
areas?
A. sex sites B. gambling sites
C. violence sites D. shopping sites
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12. Which the following statement is true according to the
passage?
A. The program cannot only block the harmful websites
computer users but also refresh the address list.
B. The NIS program is free, but you should pay $19.95 per
year for the virus update.C. Both the program and virus update are free.
D. Computer users should pay $19.95 every year the time
they begin to use the program.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the following passage:
The decline of civility and good manners may be worrying
people more than crime, accord-ing to Gentility Recalled,
edited by Digby Anderson, which laments the breakdown of
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tradition-al codes that once regulated social conduct. It
criticizes the fact that “manners” are scorned as
repressive and outdated.
The result, according to Mr. Anderson--director of the
Social Affairs Unit, an independ-ent think-tank--is a
society characterized by rudeness: loutish behavior on the
streets, jostling in crowds, impolite shop assistants and
bad-tempered drivers.
Mr. Anderson says the cumulative effect of these-
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apparently trivial, but often offensive-is to make
everyday life uneasy, unpredictable and unpleasant. As
they are encountered far more often than crime, they can
cause more anxiety than crime.
The book has contributions from 12 academics in
disciplines ranging from medicine to soci-ology and chartswhat it calls the “coarsening” of Britain. Old-fashioned
terms such as “gentle-man” and “lady” have lost all
meaningful resonance and need to be re-evaluated, it says.
Ra-chel Trickett, honorary fellow and former principal of
St. Hughs College, Oxford, says that thenotion of
a "lady" protects women rather than demeaning them.
Caroline Moore, the first woman fellow of Peterhouse,
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Cambridge, points out that “gentle-man is now used only
with irony or derision. The popular view of a gentleman is
poised some-where between the imbecile parasite and the
villainous one: between Woostcresque chinless wonders, and
those heartless capitalist toffs who are.., the stock-in-
trade of television.”
She argues that the concept is neither class-bound nor
rigid; conventions of gentlemanly behavior enable a man to
act naturally as and individual within shared assumptions
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while taking his place in society.
For Anthony OHear, professor of philosophy at the
University of Bradford, manners are closely associated
with the different forms of behavior appropriate to age
and status. They curb both the impetuosity of youth and
the bitterness of old age.Egalitarianism, he says, has led to people failing to act
their age. “We have vice-chancel-lors with earrings,
aristocrats as hippies.. , the trendy vicar on his
motorbike.”
Dr Bruce Charhon, a lecturer in public health medicine in
Newcastle upon Tyne, takes is-sue with the excessive
informality of relations between professionals such as
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doctors and bank managers, and their clients. He says this
has eroded the distance and respect necessary in such
relationships. For Tristam Engelhardt, professor of
medicine in Houston, Texas, says manners are bound to
morals.
“Manners express a particular set of values,” he says.
“Good manners interpret and transform social reality.
They provide social orientation.”
13. According to the passage, the decline of good manners
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is more worrying because
A. it leads to more crime in society.
B. people view manners as old-fashioned.
C. rudeness on the street cannot be stemmed out.
D. it can seriously affect our daily life.
14. Rachel Trickett seems to indicate the term “lady”A. has acquired a different meaning. B. is too old-
fashioned to use.
C. is preferred by feminists. D. victimizes women in
society.
15. According to Caroline Moore, the media has projected a
image of the gentle-man.
A. humorous B. favorable C. negative D. traditional
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