文档内容
1．county n．郡，县
2．disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败
3．crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃
crash into...闯入；撞到……上
4．signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
·signal (to) sb to do sth示意某人做某事
signal sb that...示意某人……
·traffic signals交通信号灯
5．exit vi.& vt.出去，离去，退场；退出 n．出口，通道；离开
6．orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
7．stair n．楼梯；梯级
8．roll n．名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt.翻滚；滚动；翻身；卷起
9．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
It has been confirmed that...已确认/证实……
10．hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
11．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续
12．tsunami n．海啸
13．odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的
14．bubble n．泡，气泡，泡沫
15．typhoon n．台风
16．pole n．柱，杆；极
17．hurricane n．飓风
18．conference n．会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈
19．supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供
supply sb/sth with sth＝supply sth to sb/sth向某人/某物供应/供给/提供某物20．charity n．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容
21．staff n．全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于
22．slide n．幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入
slide into...溜进……
23．fund n．资金；基金
24．flood n．洪水，水灾；大量 vt.& vi.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
flood into...涌入……
a sense of relief floods over sb某人深感宽慰
25．downstairs adv.在楼下，往楼下 n．楼下
26．document n．文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档
27．honey n．(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜
28．otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外
29．Roman adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n．古罗马人；罗马人
30．unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到
31．destination n．目的地，终点
32．bar n．酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止
33．import n．进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.进口，引进
34．export n．出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出
35．port n．港口，避风港；港口城市
36．cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的
37．ashy adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的
38．dawn n．黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi.开始；开始清楚
·at dawn在黎明时刻
·It dawned on sb that...某人突然意识到
39．volcano n．火山
40．trunk n．树干
41．beyond adv.在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep.在(或向)更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超
出……之外
42．pattern n．图案，花样；模式；范例；模型
43．column n．柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列
44．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救
·come to sb’s rescue来救某人
·rescue sb from...从……中营救/援救某人
45．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n．伤害→injured adj.受伤的
46．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.反应react to...对……作出反应
47．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destroy v．破坏→destruction
n．破坏
48．power n．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强有力
的；强大的；有权势的→powerless adj.无力的；无能的
in power当权
come to/into power开始掌权；上台
in/beyond one’s power在某人的能力范围内/超出某人的能力
49．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．爆发
50．unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj.可以忍受的→bear vt.忍受
51．sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv.急剧地；
鲜明地→sharpen vi.& vt.(使)变得锋利
52．locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)→location n．地点；位置
be located on/at/in...位于……
53．retire vi.& vt.退休，退职；退出(房间、比赛等)→retirement n．退休
54．at large整个，全部
55．safe and sound安然无恙的
56．keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静
57．take the form of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
58．break out突然开始，爆发
59．far and wide到处，各处
60．hold on to抓紧，不放开；(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物
61．in detail详细地
62．above all最重要的是
63．At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became
damaged during the shaking and could not open.(in case引导目的状语从句)
与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。
64．The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to
make their escape.(the moment引导时间状语从句，动词不定式作定语)
晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
65．NEWDALE—On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake
raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.(leave＋宾语＋宾补)
纽代尔——12月20日，由海底地震引发的巨浪接连席卷了金海岸附近的海域，造成数千人
死亡。
66．Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important
documents and disaster supplies into a bag.(while 连接并列分句，表对比)爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们重要的文件和灾难必需品放入一个包里。
67．Its ashy rocks，now dark，now light，told a story of past eruptions that might have warned
the city what was to come！(情态动词＋have done)
火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着几度喷发的往事，这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们，即将到来的
是什么！
1．occur vi.(occurred；occurred；occurring)发生；出现；存在于； (想法)产生
→occurrence n．出现；发生；事件
·sth occurs/occurred to sb某人突然想起某事；某事发生在某人身上
It occurs/occurred to sb that.../to do...某人突然想起……
·表示“某人突然想到……”的常用句型还有：it strikes/struck sb that...；it hits/hit sb that...等。
2.relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻；缓和
·in/with relief欣慰地，释然地；松了口气
to one’s relief(＝to the relief of sb)让某人宽慰的是
·relieve sb of...将某人从……中解脱出来；帮助某人减轻(负担)
3．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→information n．信息→informed adj.有学问的；有见识
的
·inform sb of/about sth通知某人某事
inform sb that...通知某人……
·keep sb informed of/about...通知某人关于……；使某人知道……
4.shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked
adj.感到震惊的
·in shock震惊地；休克
be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆
·be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do...因做……而震惊
5.scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.恐惧的；惊恐的；害怕的→scary
adj.恐怖的，吓人的
·scare sb into doing sth恐吓某人做某事
scare...away/off把……吓跑
·be scared to death吓得要死
be scared to do sth/of doing sth害怕做某事
6.donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠
·donate...to...把……捐赠给……·make donations/a donation to...向……捐赠
7.curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiosity n．好奇，好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地
·be curious about对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
·out of curiosity出于好奇
with curiosity＝curiously好奇地
8.distance n．距离；远方；间距；遥远；冷淡；疏远；差异→distant adj.遥远的；远处的；
疏远的
from a distance (of)从远处
in the distance在远处
at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远；离一段距离
keep sb at a distance＝keep one’s distance from sb对某人冷淡，与某人疏远；与某人保持一
定距离
9．run out of (人)用完，耗尽；从……流出/跑出
·run out用完，耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态)
give out用完；筋疲力尽；发出(主语为物，无被动语态)
use up用完，耗尽(“人”作主语，是及物动词短语)
·run across偶然遇到
run after追逐；追求
run into撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)
10.as if引导方式状语从句
Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its
floors.
它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完；地板上繁复的图案，一点都没有褪色。
·as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，在此处引导状语从句，也可引导表语从句；引导状语从
句时常用省略形式，后面可直接跟不定式、分词、名词、形容词、介词短语等。
·as if引导从句中的语气和时态：
(1)陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生)
(2)虚拟语气
1．我突然想到，这只熊可能会被我们的大蒜面包的气味吸引，所以我把面包尽可能地向远
处扔去。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)
It occurred to/struck/hit me that the bear might be attracted by the smell of our garlic bread.So I
threw the bread as far as I could.2．令人惊讶的是，这个小女孩似乎理解了我的意思，也不再哭了。我望着她的大眼睛，松
了一口气。(读后续写之动作描写)
Surprisingly，the little girl seemed to understand me and stopped crying.Looking into her big
eyes，I sighed in/with relief.
3．我写信是想邀请您参加我们的广播节目“Talk and Talk”。让我告诉您更多细节。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，邀请信)
I ’ m writing to invite you to be on our broadcast “ Talk and Talk ” ． Let me inform you of/about
more details.
4．①听到他的话，一种强烈的兴奋和自豪感涌上我的心头，我只是震惊地站在那里，我的
脚就像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
At his words，an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride flooding over me，I simply stood
there in shock，and my feet，as if rooted to the ground，couldn’t move an inch.
②看到厨房里的混乱，父亲震惊得目瞪口呆。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
Seeing the great mess in the kitchen，the father was numb with shock.
5．父亲一回到家，我就胆怯地低着头，不敢看他的脸。(读后续写之心理描写)
The moment my father arrived home，I bowed my head timidly and was scared to look/was
scared of looking at his face.
6．虽然我失去了我的存钱罐，但把钱捐给需要帮助的人让我非常高兴。(读后续写之情感描
写)
Though I lost my piggy bank，I was overwhelmed with happiness by donating the money to those
in need.
7．①我对突如其来的安静感到好奇，然后回到艾里斯的房间门口，往里看。(读后续写之动
作链描写)
I was curious about the sudden silence，then returned to the door of Iris’s room and looked in.
②如果你想深入了解这种传统的历史，你一定不要错过这个黄金机会！(应用文写作之邀请
信)
If you are curious to gain a deep insight into the history of the tradition，you mustn’t miss the
golden opportunity!
8．让我们非常高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河边。(读后续写之
场景描写)
Much to our delight，the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the
river bank.
9．大卫的精力快要耗尽，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他竭尽全力冲向终点线。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David’s energy was running/giving out but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids，he
charged towards the finish line with all his strength.10．我们讨论了一会儿我的意见，我觉得他怀疑地看着我，好像在说这是多么蠢。
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
We discussed my opinion for a while，and I felt he was eyeing me doubtfully as if to say how
stupid it was.
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．county n ．郡，县
2．tsunami n ．海啸
3．bubble n ．泡沫，泡，气泡
4．unearth v t . 使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到
5．Roman adj . 古罗马的；罗马的 n ．古罗马人；罗马人
6．cloud-capped adj . 高耸入云的，耸入云霄的
7．ashy adj . 覆盖着灰的；灰色的
8．pole n ．柱，杆；极
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．occur vi.发生，出现；存在于
2．crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃
3．signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
4．charity n．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善；施舍；仁爱；宽容
5．hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
6．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
7．supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供
8．flood n．洪水，水灾；大量 vi.& vt.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
9．otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外
10．destination n．目的地，终点
11．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救
12．locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻；缓和
2．scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的，吓人
的
3．power n．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强有力的；强大的→powerless adj.无力的；无能的
4．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destroy v．破坏→destruction
n．破坏
5．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．爆发
6．unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj.可以忍受的→bear vt.忍受
7．sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv.急剧地；鲜
明地→sharpen vi.& vt.(使)变得锋利
8．retire vi.& vt.退休，退职；退出(房间、比赛等)→retirement n．退休
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1．at large 整个，全部
2．occur to 被想到，浮现在脑中
3．far and wide到处，各处
4．hold on to 抓紧，不放开； ( 替别人或更长时间地 ) 保存某物
5．in detail详细地
6．above all最重要的是
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)
1．Our boss is eager for more information，so we must keep him informed of what’s
happening here.(inform)
2．He was shocked at the shocking news，for I could see the shocked look on his face.(shock)
3．I didn’t imagine he should have reacted so strongly when he was exposed to stress，and his
reaction annoyed most of us.(react)
4．Tom was seriously injured in the traffic accident yesterday，so he can’t go on with his work
until he recovers from the injury.(injure)
5．It is normal for children to be curious about everything.They will ask many questions
curiously and we should answer them patiently to meet their curiosity.(curious)
6．Though there is a long distance between Tom’s home and his grandparents’，they don’t
feel distant.(distance)
7．The businessman donated a lot of money to the school.As a result of the donation，many
students returned to school.(donate)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共12分)
1．When we face danger，what we need most is to keep our head.
2．A fire broke out last night，causing great damage to the library with a history of about 100
years.3．I had run out of all my patience and I began to explode with anger.
4．Luckily，three days later，the missing boy returned home，safe and sound.
5．This kind of flower is called sunflower，because it takes the form of the sun when it
blossoms.
6．A good idea occurred to John that he could make popcorn and sell them to help Bernard earn
money.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共9分)
1．小男孩一看到母亲，就不再哭了，突然大笑起来。(the moment引导时间状语从句)
The moment the little boy saw his mother，he stopped crying and burst into laughter.
2．如果你提前复习功课，你就会通过考试了。(情态动词＋have done)
Had you reviewed your lessons ahead of time，you might have passed the exam.
3．看着远处的海岸，我感到无能为力，就好像我们是被巨浪蹂躏的小船。(as if引导方式状
语从句)
Watching the shore in the distance，I felt powerless as if we were tiny boats at the mercy of strong
waves.
Ⅳ.语法填空 文中加黑词汇为本单元词汇(每小题1.5分，共15分)
A county 1.located(locate) at the foot of a high mountain has beautiful scenery.So it is the
destination of many visitors every year.Unfortunately ，one day an earthquake broke out
there，2.which was one of the most destructive natural disasters.It was natural that a person
couldn’t keep his head when a terrible disaster 3.occurred(occur) ， not to mention the
children.Some cried ， scared and even became numb.Others hugged each other
tightly.4.Luckily(lucky)，only a small number of people were badly 5.injured(injure)，and most
suffered slight injuries.Everywhere people looked，there was nothing 6.but ruins.They were 7.in
shock.Soon after the quake，the rescue team arrived.After 8.confirming(confirm) that most
people were safe and sound ， the leader smiled with 9.relief(relieve) ． Some charities
immediately supplied the county with food，shelters and funds；many individuals also began to
donate some food and clothes to the victims the moment they 10.were informed(inform) of the
news.
1．sharp
(1)It was not until the moment she got closer that I saw the raspberries held in her sharp mouth.
C
(2)Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age.(2020·浙江7月改编) B
(3)Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town. A(4)I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left. E
(5)She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp the next morning. D
2．flood
(1)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often
come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) B
(2)I felt happiness and relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front. E
(3)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of
birds. A
(4)The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their village.
C
(5)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they
most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear.(2023·全国甲) D
1．The only way to pay for the groceries was to take off the things she could do without: a bottle
of rubbing alcohol(医用酒精) and a bar of soap.(2021·浙江6月) n ． 条，块
2．The government demanded that the relief should be sent to the flood victims as soon as
possible. n . 救济物
假如你是李华，在得知某地发生地震后，作为你校的学生会主席，你决定给灾区的中学
生写一封慰问信，主要内容包括：
1.表达安慰；
2.救援队已到达并进行援助；
3.表达希望和对其重建家园的信心。
完成句子
1．我是学生会主席李华。得知你们的家乡意外地发生了一场可怕的地震，我感到非常遗憾。
(break out，同位语)
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2．我很想借此机会向那些在地震中遭受巨大苦难的人们表达我最深切的同情和关心。
(curious，定语从句)
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3．得知救援队已经赶到你们的家乡伸出援助之手，我感到宽慰。(relieve，现在分词短语作
状语)
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4．他们冒着生命危险营救被困在废墟的人们，完全把他们的安全抛在身后，这值得我们尊
重和钦佩。(rescue，现在分词短语作状语，非限制性定语从句)
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5．此外，在政府和全国各地人民的帮助下，我们没有必要感到害怕。(scare)
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6．虽然你们深受地震的影响，但我坚信一切都会好起来的，灾区很快就会有序复苏。
(orderly，让步状语从句)
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组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
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参考范文
Dear friends，
I’m Li Hua，chairman of the Students’ Council.I’m deeply sorry to hear the news
that a horrible earthquake unexpectedly broke out in your hometown.
I’m curious to take this opportunity to send my deepest sympathy and concern to the people
who suffered greatly in the earthquake.Learning that rescue teams have rushed to your hometown
to lend a helping hand，I feel relieved.They have risked their lives to rescue people trapped in
ruins，totally leaving their safety behind，which deserves our respect and admiration.What’s
more，with the aid of the government and people across the country，there is no need for us to be
scared.
Though you are deeply affected by the earthquake，I’m fully convinced that everything
will be fine，and that the stricken area will recover in an orderly way soon.
Yours，
Li Hua教材语料整合
[情感描写] odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 relief n．宽慰，
轻松；减轻，消除；救济
shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤 scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害
怕 n．恐慌；惊吓
亮词
curious adj.好奇的；奇特的
[动作描写] crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩
溃 confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 occur to被想到，浮现在脑中
keep one’s head(在困境中)保持冷静 inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知
1.Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks，
head first，and held on to the legs of the desks.(动作描写)
2.There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground，but
the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.(环境描写)
3.She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their
美句
heads with their hands.(动作描写)
4.Within one minute and twenty seconds，the whole class went down the stairs and
rushed to the playground.(动作描写)
5.People were walking，running or simply sitting on the sandy beach，enjoying
the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair.(动作描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：恐惧与绝望
1.shout v．大声喊叫
2.scream v．惊声尖叫
3.struggle v．挣扎；奋斗；艰难行进
单词 4.hopeless adj.不抱希望的；无望的→hopelessly adv.绝望地；无望地
5.threat n．威胁→threaten v．威胁；胁迫
6.despair n．绝望
7.desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望
1.in despair/desperation绝望地
2.fall into despair＝sink into hopelessness陷入绝望
3.give up all hope绝望
词块 4.sb be thrown into a world of darkness某人被扔进黑暗的世界
5.sb sink into hopelessness/despair某人陷入绝望
6.abandon oneself to despair/fall into despair陷入绝望
7.weep bitter tears of despair/desperation抹着绝望的眼泪8.throw sb in low spirits使某人陷入情绪低迷状态
9.be seized with overwhelming despair极度绝望
10.lift/glue one’s eyes to sb with disappointment失望地对某人抬起眼睛/盯着
某人
1.In such circumstances，tears of horror and despair mixed with rain
streamed down my face.
在这种情况下，恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水顺着我的脸流了下来。(无灵
主语句)
2.I felt more frightened and sensed death was waiting for me.我感到更加害
怕，感觉到死亡在等着我。
3.As time went by，the faith that I could make it alive faded gradually.
随着时间的推移，我能活着的信念逐渐消退。
句型
4.Despair/Desperation was written all over his pale face.他苍白的脸上写满了
绝望。(无灵主语句)
5.A sense of despair swallowed/seized/took hold of him completely.他完全被
绝望吞没了。(无灵主语句)
6.His heart was torn with despair.他绝望到心都要碎了。
7.As a result of an accident，Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of
darkness and sank into hopelessness.
由于事故，托尼突然被扔进黑暗之中，陷入绝望。
语料运用 自然灾害
Never ①have I experienced such a hopeless moment in my life.I was driving home when it
rained cats and dogs.Stuck in the heavy rain，I struggled to make my way but in vain，②tears of
horror and despair mixed with rain streaming down my face(独立主格)．What’s worse，my car
began to shake increasingly wildly.I felt more frightened and sensed ③death was waiting for
me(拟人)．④Thrown into a world of darkness and sinking into hopelessness(分词短语作状语)，
I yelled at the top of my lung but no one could hear.I was about to give up ⑤when my husband Joe
came to my rescue.He approached me and opened the door，helping me get out of the car.After
confirming the safety，we ⑥inched forward in the muddy water and eventually made it home safe
and sound.⑦Only then did I get rid of my terror(倒装句)．Joe gathered me into his arms and kept
patting me on the back，comforting me gently.
我一生中从未经历过如此绝望的时刻。我正开车回家，突然下起了倾盆大雨。我被困在
大雨中，挣扎着前进，但没有成功，恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水从我的脸上流下来。更糟
糕的是，我的车开始越来越剧烈地摇晃。我感到更害怕，感觉到死亡在等着我。我被扔进了
一个黑暗的世界，陷入了绝望，我扯着嗓子大喊，但没有人能听到。我正打算放弃时，我丈夫乔来救了我。他走近我，打开车门，帮我下了车。确认安全后，我们在泥泞的水中慢慢前
进，最终平安到家。直到那时，我才摆脱了恐惧。乔把我抱在怀里，不停地拍我的背，温柔
地安慰我。
高考题型组合练(1)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·江苏无锡期末)
Extreme heat often brings extreme wildfires ， and this year is no exception ， with
unprecedented heat waves fueling enormous outbreaks of fires in the western United States and
Canada，as well as across the Mediterranean and in Siberia.But paradoxically，the most intense
wildfires can have the opposite effect on temperatures，cooling Earth’s surface both regionally
and globally.
Thick wildfire smoke can temporarily block sunlight near the ground ，causing regional
temperatures to drop by several degrees.Wildfire smoke can also have global cooling effects by
making clouds in the lower atmosphere more reflective or blocking sunlight in the upper
atmosphere，similar to what a volcanic eruption does.
The effect is far too small to counteract human-caused global warming; researchers say it’s
too early to predict what it means for the broader climate system.But with fire seasons growing
more intense around the world and triggering a range of extreme fire weather in North America and
elsewhere，the search for answers is growing increasingly urgent.
Smoke particles act as seeds for water vapor to form clouds that are smaller and reflect more
sunlight.While smoke tends to rain out of clouds fairly quickly，the Australian bushfires raged for
months，pumping more and more cloud-brightening smoke into the atmosphere.“It’s not a big
effect，but when you integrate over the entire Southern Ocean，it adds up，” one of the
researchers says.
While this research highlights the cooling effects of smoke in the lower atmosphere，on
occasion，wildfire smoke can reach even higher altitudes into the stratosphere，the layer that
starts about 10 miles up.There，it can have additional effects on the climate.Smoke reaches the
stratosphere when heat from a powerful wildfire creates an updraft that combines with moisture in
the atmosphere to generate towering thunderclouds.
However，scientists have only recently begun studying these effects.“We might still be in
the infancy of understanding how large and how important the effects of these wildfires are，”
scientists say.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。野火烟雾可以通过反射或阻挡阳光进而产生全球冷却效应，但关于野火对气候的影响，研究尚不充分，需要进一步深入研究。
1．What probably causes extreme wildfires to cool the Earth globally?
A．Extreme wildfires can result in volcanic eruption.
B．Wildfire smoke covers sunlight above the ground forever.
C．The smoke blocks less sunlight in the higher atmosphere.
D．The clouds in the lower atmosphere reflect more sunlight.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段末句“Wildfire smoke can also have global cooling effects by
making clouds in the lower atmosphere more reflective or blocking sunlight in the upper
atmosphere...”可知，野火烟雾使低层大气中的云层反射更多的阳光，从而使全球降温。故
选D。
2．What does the underlined word “raged” probably mean in paragraph 4?
A．Spread. B．Stopped.
C．Released. D．Strengthened.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句“While smoke tends to...，the Australian bushfires
raged for months，pumping more and more cloud-brightening smoke into the atmosphere.”可知，
澳大利亚的森林大火向大气中排放了越来越多的烟雾，故可推知，大火蔓延了好几个月，所
以画线词raged意为“蔓延”。故选A。
3．What can we infer from the text?
A．Scientists need further studies of the effects of wildfires.
B．Extreme wildfires are the consequence of global warming.
C．Wildfire smoke means a lot to the climate system of the Earth.
D．Smoke at higher altitudes has the most impact on cooling Earth.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据末段“However，scientists have only recently begun studying these
effects.‘We might still be in the infancy of understanding...，’ scientists say.”可知，科学家
们对野火的影响的研究还处于初级阶段，还需要进一步深入。故选A。
4．Where does the text probably come from?
A．A science fiction.
B．A research report.
C．A geography textbook.
D．A science magazine.
答案 D解析 文章出处题。通读全文，尤其根据末段首句“However，scientists have only recently
begun studying these effects.”可推知，本文可能摘自科学杂志。故选D。
B
Some of the most attractive pictures to come out of the Alaska earthquake are the photos that
show slope(斜坡) failures，in which parts of formerly solid hills caved in，tore or let loose.And if
there happened to be a road or building on top of the slopes that failed，the result was horrible.
Slopes can fail without earthquakes，as the result of pouring rain or weathering.But the
shaking caused by a quake—particularly a large one like what occurred near Anchorage on Friday
—can either speed up the process or create entirely new failures that wouldn’t have otherwise
happened.
Several slope failures were documented in the Anchorage area in the hours after the
earthquake Friday，the most interesting of which was on Vine Road southwest of Wasilla.It’s as
if someone came along with a large destroying ball and dropped it on Vine Road，which wrinkled
like a broken egg.
Scientists seemed surprised at how many slope failures occurred as a result of the 7.0-
magnitude(震级) quake.The center of the quake was deep，at 27 miles below the surface—a key
reason why the damage in Anchorage was relatively light.Such an earthquake would be expected to
produce shaking over a large area ， but probably with reasonably modest top ground
accelerations，Friday’s earthquake would certainly be felt，but the surface of Earth wouldn’t
be moving badly enough to produce widespread landslides.
Photos from Alaska show a lot of lateral(横向的) spread，in which the ground tears
open.Whatever is on top of the ground at the place it tears in half is also torn in half afterwards，
like highways or buildings.The buildings surrounding the spread are also at risk of damage because
of the force of the ground spreading out away from the tear.There’s also documentation of block
spread，in which part of the ground breaks off a hill and slides away mostly perfect.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章通过照片描述的阿拉斯加地震后的景象，介绍了地震对
山体滑坡所造成的影响。
5．What do we know about slope failures?
A．They may cause earthquakes.
B．They usually happen with a road on top.
C．They always happen with earthquakes.
D．They may pull parts of the hills apart.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Some of the most attractive pictures to come out of the
Alaska earthquake are the photos that show slope(斜坡) failures，in which parts of formerly solidhills caved in，tore or let loose.”可知，山体滑坡会造成山体分开。故选D。
6．What can we infer from paragraph 2?
A．Earthquakes have great effects on slope failures.
B．Most slope failures occur after the pouring rain.
C．Earthquakes result in slope failures immediately.
D．Slope failures occur mainly with large earthquakes.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中“But the shaking caused by a quake...speed up the process or
create entirely new failures that wouldn’t have otherwise happened.”可知，地震会加速山体滑
坡的发生或造成原本不会发生的山体滑坡，由此推断出地震对山体滑坡有巨大的影响。故选
A。
7．What did the scientists think of the Alaska earthquake Friday?
A．It produced shaking over a large area.
B．It caused fewer slope failures than expected.
C．It wasn’t felt for its deep center.
D．It didn’t produce landslides.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段“Scientists seemed surprised at how many slope failures
occurred...Friday’s earthquake would certainly be felt，but the surface of Earth wouldn’t be
moving badly enough to produce widespread landslides.”可知，科学家认为这次地震造成的滑
坡比预期的要少。故选B。
8．In which circumstance can we find the ground slides down a hill almost unbroken?
A．Land slides. B．Slope failures.
C．Lateral spread. D．Block spread.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“There’s also documentation of block spread，in
which part of the ground breaks off a hill and slides away mostly perfect.”可知，在块状扩散的
情况下，部分地面脱离山丘，几乎完整地滑落。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五
Hurricane season can be wild and unpredictable. 1 Here are some ways you can beef up
your home security in hurricane weather，even if you need to move out.
2 That actually does nothing to ensure your safety in the powerful winds.Sticking to
hurricane shelters or plywood(胶合板) is the only way to go when it comes to protecting those
points of entry in hurricane conditions.Buy sheets of plywood，measure your windows and use
brackets(支架) to hold the plywood in place.Sandbags are very useful.While sandbags won’t be able to help in the extreme storm，many
people will be able to prevent flooding and extensive damage to their belongings by placing
sandbags. 3 Any storm water that is kept out of your home is storm water that won’t be able
to damage the belongings inside your home，so sandbags are well worth having at your doorways
during a hurricane.
It’s important to prepare the inside of your home for strong winds and rain.But you should
also keep an eye on the outside of your house，too.Trim(修剪) trees，especially dead branches，
to prevent anything else that could fly through a window and cause damage during a hurricane. 4
You should also take pictures of expensive items like electronics and keep notes of their serial
numbers. 5 Also，there are always bad people out right after a storm.If the worst happens and
your home is broken into right after a bad storm，having pictures and detailed notes about what
was in your home prior to the hurricane will make it easier for police to track down stolen items.
A．You should have a camera at home.
B．It can be strong enough to resist the forceful winds.
C．Making sure nothing is loose in your yard is important.
D．You may see people taping windows before a hurricane comes.
E．They will be able to effectively keep storm water out in many cases.
F．It will aid with your insurance company if anything needs to be replaced.
G．These dangerous storms can bring damage to your home and belongings.
1．答案 G
解析 根据前文“Hurricane season can be wild and unpredictable.”和后文“Here are some
ways you can beef up your home security...”可知，空处承上启下，应描述飓风会对生命财产
造成损害。故选G。
2．答案 D
解析 根据后文“That actually does nothing to ensure your safety in the powerful winds.”可知，
That是指前文中提到了人们面对飓风的保护措施，所以选项D“你可能会看到人们在飓风到
来之前用胶带贴窗户”切合文意。故选D。
3．答案 E
解析 根据后文“Any storm water that is kept out of your home is storm water that won’t be
able to damage the belongings inside your home，so sandbags are well worth having at your
doorways during a hurricane.”可知，此处是指沙袋可以把雨水挡在外面，选项E“在许多情
况下，它们将能够有效地阻挡雨水”与下文衔接。故选E。
4．答案 C
解析 根据前文“Trim(修剪) trees...to prevent anything else that could fly through a window and
cause damage during a hurricane.”可知，此处是指防止庭院里有疏松的东西被吹到屋子里造成破坏，选项C“确保你的院子里没有任何东西松动是很重要的”能够承接上文。故选C。
5．答案 F
解析 根据前文“You should also take pictures of expensive items like electronics and keep
notes of their serial numbers.”可知，此处是指给昂贵的物品拍照并记下它们的序列号有助于
向保险公司申请赔偿，选项F“如果有什么东西需要更换，它会帮助你的保险公司”承接前
文。故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding，winds and a record high storm.
Karen is 84 years old and relies on a wheelchair to 1 because she is missing a leg.Her
son Johnny tried 2 to get her to leave，but she refused again and again—she 3 the
intensity of the storm.
Johnny lives four blocks away.When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her
waist，he knew he had to take 4 .
First，Johnny 5 his kids were taken care of.He gave them food and opened the attic(阁
楼) so that they could 6 through the roof if water continued to rise.Then，he jumped out of a
window and began to 7 .
Johnny was racing against the clock.He knew he only had a(n) 8 period of time to get
there before the water rose above Karen’s 9 .It took him 40 minutes to swim four blocks.The
sound of Karen yelling was 10 to his ears! She was still alive!
Everyone in Johnny’s family is now 11 although they’ve lost everything they
owned.But they’re 12 just to be here.
“I didn’t lose 13 .Life is like a computer，there’re two 14 ：a reset and a
power—and we are blessed that it was just a reset button，not the power，that got 15 ，”
he said.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了猛烈的暴风雨发生时，Johnny游了四个街
区，去救自己因缺少一条腿而坐轮椅的母亲。虽然这场暴风雨让他们失去了家里所有的东
西，但幸运的是，一家人都安全地活下来了，这是很重要的。
1．A.get around B．help out
C．sit up D．work out
答案 A
解析 get around各处走动；help out帮助……摆脱困难；sit up端坐；work out解决。由下
文“because she is missing a leg”可知，Karen缺少一条腿，所以她需要依靠轮椅四处走动，
故选A。
2．A.simply B．repeatedly
C．obviously D．particularly答案 B
解析 simply简单地；repeatedly重复地，再三地；obviously显然地；particularly尤其，特
别。由下文“but she refused again and again”可知，她儿子再三试图让她离开家里，但是她
一遍又一遍拒绝儿子的要求，故选B。
3．A.calculated B．identified
C．experienced D．underestimated
答案 D
解析 calculate 计算；identify 辨认；experience 经历；underestimate 低估。由第一段
“Hurricane Ian hit Florida and brought with it flooding，winds and a record high storm.”和下文
“When Karen reported the water in her house had reached her waist”可知，暴风雨强度很大，
儿子劝她离开家里，但是她拒绝儿子的要求，由此可知，她低估了暴风雨的强度，故选D。
4．A.care B．place
C．action D．charge
答案 C
解析 care关心；place地方；action行动；charge费用。由上文“When Karen reported the
water in her house had reached her waist，he knew he had to take”可知，在听到母亲说家里的
水已经到了她的腰部时，Johnny意识到自己必须采取行动去救自己的母亲，故选C。
5．A.proved B．ensured
C．noticed D．admitted
答案 B
解析 prove证明；ensure确保；notice注意到；admit承认。由下文“He gave them food”
和上文提到他听到母亲说家里的水已经到了腰部可知，Johnny要去帮助母亲，所以他给了
孩子们食物，以确保孩子们能够被照顾好，故选B。
6．A.expand B．assist
C．escape D．dominate
答案 C
解析 expand扩大；assist帮助；escape逃脱；dominate统治。由下文“if water continued to
rise”可知，如果水位继续上升，孩子们可以通过阁楼走到屋顶，然后逃出去，故选C。
7．A.run B．ride
C．drive D．swim
答案 D
解析 run跑步；ride骑行；drive开车；swim游泳。由下文“It took him 40 minutes to swim
four blocks.”和上文介绍暴风雨很大可知，Johnny是游到母亲家的，故选D。
8．A.short B．efficient
C．ideal D．indefinite答案 A
解析 short短的；efficient有效率的；ideal理想的；indefinite无限期的。由下文“before the
water rose above Karen’s”和上文提到Karen坐在轮椅上，且家里的水已经到了她的腰部可
知，水很快就会淹没Karen，所以说他只有很短的时间游到母亲家里，故选A。
9．A.waist B．ankles
C．head D．knees
答案 C
解析 waist腰部；ankle脚踝；head头；knee膝盖。由上文“When Karen reported the water
in her house had reached her waist”可知，家里的水已经到了Karen的腰，如果不采取措施，
水很快就会没过Karen的头，将她淹没，故选C。
10．A.harm B．music
C．advice D．news
答案 B
解析 harm伤害；music音乐；advice建议；news新闻。由下文“She was still alive！”可
知，听到母亲的声音，他很高兴，知道母亲还活着，所以此处将母亲的声音比作音乐，突出
他很高兴，故选B。
11．A.responsible B．remarkable
C．innocent D．safe
答案 D
解析 responsible负责任的；remarkable非凡的；innocent无罪的；safe安全的。由下文
“just to be here”可知，家里的每个人都安全了，故选D。
12．A.grateful B．sure
C．concerned D．surprised
答案 A
解析 grateful 感激的；sure 肯定的；concerned 相关的；surprised 惊讶的。由上文
“Everyone in Johnny’s family is now ”和下文“we are blessed”可知，他们都在
暴风雨中幸存下来，所以他们是感激的，故选A。
13．A.memory B．hope
C．sight D．weight
答案 B
解析 memory记忆；hope希望；sight视野；weight体重。由下文“we are blessed that it was
just a reset button，not the power”可知，Johnny认为他们只是需要重新开启生活，这说明他
没有失去希望，故选B。
14．A.screens B．keyboards
C．buttons D．monitors答案 C
解析 screen屏幕；keyboard键盘；button按钮；monitor显示屏。由上文“Life is like a
computer”和下文“a reset button，not the power”可知，Johnny将生活比作电脑，有两个按
钮——一个是重置按钮，一个是电源按钮，故选C。
15．A.prepared B．separated
C．injured D．hit
答案 D
解析 prepare准备；separate分离；injure受伤；hit击中。由上文“we are blessed that it was
just a reset button，not the power，that got”可知，Johnny和家人们都很庆幸，这场暴风雨只
是击中了生活的重置按钮，而不是电源按钮。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Located in Guangxi，Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge is a famous and special bridge in
China.A wind and rain bridge is a roof-covered bridge equipped with benches and pavilions(亭子)
1. (shape) like palaces.It can shelter people from the wind and rain and allow them
2.____________(meet) and rest.
The Chengyang Wind and Rain Bridge,3. design makes it an outstanding
example of its type，has three floor levels,4. (contain) five pavilions and a platform
at either end.The bridge is supported by stone piers(石墩)．It’s over 60 meters long,3 meters
wide and the 5. (high) above the river is about 10 meters.The upper structure is
carefully designed with towers standing on each stone pier.It’s made almost 6.
(entire) of wood and the long and wide roof is covered with beautiful materials.
The bridge，also known as Chengyang Yongji Bridge,7. (construct) by the
talented local workmen in 8. early 1900s to link local villages across the river.The
workmen enabled the many wooden pieces to be joined closely together without using nails.And
they’d decorated the very 9. (value) bridge with brightly-colored lifelike carvings
10. paintings.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国广西的程阳永济桥或称为程阳风雨桥
的设计、特点等等。
1．答案 shaped
解析 考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词作后置定语，和被修饰词之间为被动关系，故用
过去分词形式。故填shaped。
2．答案 to meet
解析 考查非谓语动词。allow sb to do sth在此处意为“使某人能够做某事”，用不定式作
宾语补足语。故填to meet。
3．答案 whose解析 考查定语从句。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Chengyang Wind and Rain
Bridge”，和design之间有所属关系，用关系代词whose。故填whose。
4．答案 containing
解析 考查非谓语动词。这里为非谓语动词作状语，和主语“Chengyang Wind and Rain
Bridge”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填containing。
5．答案 height
解析 考查名词。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词作主语，特指这座桥的“高度”，其后的
系动词是is，故用单数。故填height。
6．答案 entirely
解析 考查副词。修饰谓语动词用副词，作状语，故填entirely。
7．答案 was constructed
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the early
1900s”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语为The bridge，单数，和动词construct之间为被动
关系，所以用被动语态。故填was constructed。
8．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。in the early 1900s，意为“在20世纪早期”。故填the。
9．答案 valuable/valued
解析 考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词作表语修饰名词，可用valuable或
valued。故填valuable/valued。
10．答案 and
解析 考查连词。空前“carvings”和空后“paintings”之间为并列关系，所以用并列连词
and。故填and。
Ⅴ.应用文微写作
你校英语报正在举办题为“How to Relax in Spare Time”的英语作文比赛。请你写一篇
短文参赛，内容包括：
1．常见的课余放松方式；
2．你的课余放松方式及其对你的影响。
范文补全
How to Relax in Spare Time
It’s known to all that as students at high school,1. we ’ re full of pressure (我们的压力很大)．
So we should choose some ways to get the best out of relaxing in our spare time.Some common
ways include exercise，meditation and reading,2.which contribute to working better afterwards(它
们有助于之后更好地工作)．
As for me,3.my favorite relaxing way is to listen to music(我最喜爱的放松方式是听音乐)．
Surprisingly，when I am lost in the music，I feel a sense of pleasure and peace.Music doesstimulate my thinking ability and refresh my memory.4. As a result ， I study more effectively and
confidently(因此，我能学得更高效更有信心)．
高考题型组合练(2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I truly believe we all have a very special purpose in life，regardless of who we are or where
we come from.After ten years of working for a major Wall Street bank，I wanted to do something
challenging.So when I read a Merrill Lynch advertisement looking to hire more stockbrokers(股票
经纪人)，with great excitement，I made some phone calls and arranged to meet with one of its
branch vice presidents.After this interview and interviews with twelve of his top stockbrokers，I
eventually landed the job.
The first few months was a struggle.I lived on very little commission(佣金)．Night after
night，I left the office weary and exhausted，ready to give up，yet somehow returning the next
morning to start a new day.Eventually，all the hard work paid off.In less than four years，I
became one of the top sales people at my branch and increased personal sales by 1,700 percent.The
success earned me a six-figure income，promotion and numerous sales awards.
Toward the end of my fourth year at Merrill Lynch，it hit me that something was missing.I
thought long and hard about my goals.Then I was reminded of the time when I spoke to hundreds
of people，while in college as a student leader，and years later，when I won a “Humorous
Speech” championship.It dawned on me that every time I had a speaking engagement，I always
came out of the experience with a wonderful，energetic，peaceful and magical feeling that was
unmatched by anything else I did.I knew the extraordinary public-speaking skills I was blessed
with could enable me to make a lasting difference and transform other people’s lives.
Then I took another daring risk，gave up everything and left the investment business for a
more satisfying career as a motivational speaker.The beginning of my speaking journey was
surprisingly similar to what I had first experienced at Merrill Lynch.However，nothing in the
world comes close to the satisfying feeling I get when thousands of people tell me how much I have
made a difference in their lives by motivating them to take risks and be the best they could be.
1．Why did the author meet with a Merrill Lynch branch vice president?
A．To arrange an interview.
B．To make an advertisement.
C．To employ more clerks.
D．To get a position.答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“So when I read a Merrill Lynch advertisement looking to
hire more stockbrokers (股票经纪人)．..I eventually landed the job.”可知，作者与美林公司分
行副总裁会面，是为了获得股票经纪人这个岗位。故选D。
2．Which of the following best describes the author according to paragraph 2?
A．Tolerant and ambitious.
B．Demanding and successful.
C．Tough and competent.
D．Optimistic and agreeable.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者最初几个月过得很艰难，只能靠很少的佣金生活，
但他没有放弃，经过不到四年的努力，作者成了分公司最优秀的销售人员之一。由此推知，
作者意志坚韧，而且很有能力。故选C。
3．Why did the author leave Merrill Lynch?
A．He hoped to relive college life.
B．He wanted to influence others’ lives.
C．He had an engagement.
D．His investment was not satisfying.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“I knew the extraordinary public-speaking skills I
was blessed with could enable me to make a lasting difference and transform other people’s
lives.”和第四段第一句话“Then I took another daring risk，gave up everything and left the
investment business for a more satisfying career as a motivational speaker.”可知，作者离开美林
公司去做一名励志演说家，是希望用自己的演讲技巧改变别人的生活，影响别人。故选B。
4．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Speaking Makes a Satisfying Job
B．Challenge Your Career Choice
C．Hard Work Pays Off
D．Dare to Take Risks
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。阅读文章，尤其是第一段第二句和最后一段第一句可知，作者用自身经
历告诉我们要敢于挑战，敢于冒险。由此可知，D项“敢于冒险”最能概括本文的主旨。故
选D。
B
When you think about it，food is an important part of our lives.Family gatherings centeraround food and the celebration of major life events and milestones involves food in one way or
another.The same holds true for us here on the Space Station.Food is important and ends up usually
being a topic of discussion for almost every crew.
The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many different requirements.What about
variety? How do you meet all of the peculiarities of the people that you come across，especially
when they are from different cultures? What about the logistics(物流)of getting the right food here
at the right time? So there are a couple of different questions you have to consider when you talk
about food and long-duration space flight.
On the U．S.side we have gone to a standard menu，meaning that every 16 days you start
over with the same menu.To compensate the crews，we are allowed to pick one “preference”
container which consists of our pick of anything on the U．S.menu list.This allows us some variety
in our menu，with the choices up to us.One of the desirable options for any crew is to make sure
that enough tortillas(墨西哥薄饼) get on board.You can do so much with a tortilla; it becomes the
vehicle with which to eat almost anything.
Our food also comes packaged in many ways.But no matter what the form of the food
though，you still have the same problem eating it—you do not want it flying away from you and
making a mess when you open it up.In this case a little bit of extra water is extremely helpful.It
keeps the food kind of sticking together and to the package and to your spoon.Small things do
escape from time to time，but we really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem.That
is enough for now！Next time I will write about how to cook in space.
5．What does the underlined word “peculiarities” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Ambitious targets.
B．Similar requests.
C．Unusual habits.
D．Harsh conditions.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段开头的“The food that we have here on ISS has to meet many
different requirements.What about variety？”以及后文中“the people that you come across，
especially when they are from different cultures”可知，国际空间站中的宇航员拥有不同的文
化背景，他们会有不同的习惯，这对别人而言有可能不寻常，因此可以推测，peculiarities
的意思应是“不寻常的习惯”。故选C。
6．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning tortillas?
A．To illustrate the preference container.
B．To give an example of standard menu.
C．To advocate tortillas to the readers.D．To show the variety of food options.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。第三段第二句提到“To compensate the crews，we are allowed to pick one
‘preference’ container which consists of our pick of anything on the U．S.menu list.”，结合
“One of the desirable options”可以得知，作者提到tortillas的用意是举例解释宇航员们的
“preference container”。故选A。
7．What can be inferred about eating in space?
A．Food packaging is optional.
B．Sufficient water helps transport food.
C．Flying food problem is unavoidable.
D．Eating in space is easier than most imagine.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Small things do escape from time to time，but we
really try hard to minimize the random flying food problem.”可以得知，食物乱飞的情况是无
法完全避免的，只能尽力减少。故选C。
8．Where is the text most probably taken from?
A．A food magazine.
B．An astronaut’s journal.
C．A sci-fi handbook.
D．A space history website.
答案 B
解析 文章出处题。根据第一段中的“The same holds true for us here on the Space Station.”
以及最后一段中的“Next time I will write about how to cook in space.”可以得知，本文以第
一人称来陈述太空饮食方面的内容，因此本文应该是出自一篇宇航员的太空日志。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
Choose Optimism
Optimism and pessimism are both powerful forces，and each of us must choose which we
want to shape our outlook and our expectations.There is enough good and bad in everyone’s life
to find a sensible basis for either optimism or pessimism. 1 It’s our decision: From which
perspective do we want to view life? Will we look up in hope or down in despair?
2 The way you look at life will determine how you feel，how you perform and how well
you will get along with the other people.On the contrary，negative thoughts，attitudes，and
expectations feed on themselves; they become a self-fulfilling prediction.
Optimism doesn’t need to be naïve(轻信的)． 3 Some of them are not dealt with
easily.But what a difference optimism makes in the attitude of the problem solver! For example，
through the years I’ve heard some people say that the money spent on our space program hasbeen wasted.“Why not spend that money here on earth on the poverty problem？” they say.But
when you ask them exactly how they would spend that money to solve the poverty problem，most
of them don’t have an answer.An optimist does not just criticize. 4
Optimism distracts our attention away from negativism and channels it into positive ，
constructive thinking.When you’re an optimist，you’re more concerned with problem-solving
than with useless complaints about issues. 5 It takes a dreamer—someone with hopelessly
optimistic ideas，great persistence，and unlimited confidence to tackle a problem that big.It’s
your choice.
A．The good in life far outweighs the bad.
B．We can choose to laugh or cry，bless or curse (诅咒)．
C．An optimistic attitude is not a luxury; it’s a necessity.
D．He thinks in positive terms about how to address the issue.
E．You can be an optimist and still recognize that problems exist.
F．In fact，without optimism，issues as big and ongoing as poverty have no hope of solution.
G．America’s space program resulted in many positive discoveries that have benefited mankind.
1．答案 B
解析 根据后文“It’s our decision: From which perspective do we want to view life? Will we
look up in hope or down in despair？”可知，乐观还是悲观是可以由我们自己选择的，B选项
列出了选择的内容，符合语境。故选B。
2．答案 C
解析 根据后文“The way you look at life will determine how you feel...On the contrary，
negative thoughts，attitudes，and expectations feed on themselves; they become a self-fulfilling
prediction.”可知，乐观是必需的生活态度，故C选项符合语境。故选C。
3．答案 E
解析 根据上文“Optimism doesn’t need to be naïve (轻信的)．”以及后文“Some of them
are not dealt with easily.But what a difference optimism makes in the attitude of the problem
solver！”可知，后文提到了有些问题不容易解决，说明乐观主义者可以认识到问题的存在，
故E选项符合语境。故选E。
4．答案 D
解析 根据上文“‘Why not spend that money here on earth on the poverty problem？’．..An
optimist does not just criticize.”可知，很多批评者并不知道如何解决问题，而乐观主义者不
只批评，故D选项“他从积极的角度考虑如何解决这个问题”承接上文，符合语境。故选
D。
5．答案 F解析 根据空后一句可知，后文提到“需要一个梦想家——一个有着无可救药的乐观想法、
坚定恒心和无限信心的人来解决这么大的问题”，说明乐观主义带来了解决问题的希望，故
F选项符合语境。故选F。
Ⅲ.完形填空
When I was in fourth grade，I started stuttering(口吃)．I tried speech therapy(疗法) but it
didn’t 1 .I begged to rid my stutter，but nothing changed.I was very 2 .
I tried to practice singing at home.To my amazement，the words came 3 when I
sang.My stutter disappeared.After that，I 4 my school team and began learning how to play
the guitar.By the summer I was 16，severe anxiety and depression set in.My stutter had become
my entire identity，and I was too 5 to talk at all.I didn’t tell anyone how I was 6 .
Last year，I started college，where I’m majoring in music production.When I saw the
America’s Got Talent audition announcement pop up on my computer，I 7 .A couple
months later，I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena，trying to 8 my nerves as I
introduced myself to the America’s Got Talent judges and 9 .Then I launched into a new
song I’d written， 10 Back to Life.I tried to focus on the 11 .And just as I’d said，
there was no stutter at all.
When I finished，the whole crowd was on its feet，and so were the judges.I couldn’t 12
it! Judge Simon Cowell told me I had a pure and beautiful 13 .He and the other judges gave
me the four votes I needed to 14 to the next round of the competition.I couldn’t hold back
my tears.My wildest dreams were coming true，dreams I’d never thought 15 .
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。“我”因为口吃曾经很自卑，但是通过唱歌找回了自我，参
加《美国达人秀》最终圆梦。
1．A.fail B．work
C．miss D．grow
答案 B
解析 根据前文“I tried speech therapy(疗法) but...”判断，它没有起作用(work)。故选B。
2．A.confused B．delighted
C．amused D．frightened
答案 A
解析 根据前文“I begged to rid my stutter，but nothing changed.”判断，“我”尝试摆脱口
吃却没有用，所以很困惑(confused)。故选A。
3．A.suddenly B．slightly
C．seriously D．smoothly
答案 D
解析 根据下文“My stutter disappeared.”可知，“我”的口吃消失了，说明这次唱得很流畅(smoothly)。故选D。
4．A.funded B．praised
C．joined D．visited
答案 C
解析 根据上文“My stutter disappeared.”判断，“我”在家练习唱歌时唱得很流畅，不再
口吃，因此后来加入了(joined)学校的声乐队。故选C。
5．A.fascinated B．alarmed
C．cautious D．dynamic
答案 B
解析 根据上文“severe anxiety and depression set in.My stutter had become my entire
identity...”判断，“我”压力太大，害怕(alarmed)得不敢说话。故选B。
6．A.feeling B．resolving
C．charging D．performing
答案 A
解析 根据前文“My stutter had become my entire identity，and I was too to talk at
all.”判断，“我”因为口吃不敢说话，没有告诉任何人“我”的感受。故选A。
7．A.stood by B．fled away
C．signed up D．showed off
答案 C
解析 根据下文“A couple months later，I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena...”
判断，“我”后来站到了《美国达人秀》的舞台上，所以当时“我”报名了。故选C。
8．A.test B．direct
C．predict D．calm
答案 D
解析 根据前文内容可知，“我”容易结巴，结合常理，站在一个巨大的舞台上，“我”会
感到十分紧张，所以在做自我介绍时要使自己平静下来。故选D。
9．A.coaches B．passers-by
C．journalists D．audience
答案 D
解析 根据前文“I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena...”可知，“我”站在一
个巨大的舞台上，面对的是评委与观众。故选D。
10．A.fueled B．titled
C．refreshed D．sustained
答案 B
解析 title加标题于……，命名；refresh使恢复；sustain维持。根据前文“Then I launchedinto a new song I’d written...”与Back to Life判断，歌曲被命名为《回归生活》。故选B。
11．A.music B．view
C．reward D．appearance
答案 A
解析 根据前文“I launched into a new song I’d written， Back to Life.”判断，
“我”尽力专注于音乐。故选A。
12．A.make B．ignore
C．believe D．prevent
答案 C
解析 根据上文“When I finished，the whole crowd was on its feet，and so were the judges.”
判断，“我”的演唱非常成功，因此“我”简直不敢相信！故选C。
13．A.voice B．figure
C．image D．instrument
答案 A
解析 根据前文“Judge Simon Cowell told me”判断， “我”的演唱受到了人们的赞誉，
西蒙·科威尔评委告诉“我”，“我”有一个纯净而美丽的声音。故选A。
14．A.adapt B．advance
C．argue D．reject
答案 B
解析 根据前文“gave me the four votes”与“the next round of the competition”判断，投给
了“我”晋级(advance)下一轮比赛所需的四张票。故选B。
15．A.significant B．typical
C．possible D．creative
答案 C
解析 根据前文“My wildest dreams were coming true...”判断，这是“我”从未想过有可能
成真的梦想。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2024·安徽芜湖期中)
A new branch of the Palace Museum is expected to rise on Beijing outskirts over the next few
years to better showcase the 1. (museum) cultural relics.
After nearly a decade of preparation，construction of the new branch 2. (begin)
in December,2022.Located in Xiyuhe，a village in Haidian District，the new branch will cover
more than 100,000 square meters，including 3. exhibition space of over 60,000
square meters for cultural relics and more than 35,000 square meters for relic 4.
(restore)．At present ， over 1.86 million cultural relics 5. (house) in the
museum.However，only about 10,000 pieces are able to be displayed every year due to limited
exhibition spaces 6. outdated offices.
Du Haijiang，deputy director of the Palace Museum，briefed the public on the project in an
interview with CCTV,7. (explain) that calligraphy works and paintings couldn’t be
put on display during rainy seasons，in winter or summer，because of strict temperature and
humidity requirements.Some silk and cotton artworks 8. (current) cannot be
exhibited at all for lack of the necessary environment.
On completion of the new branch，it will be possible 9. (display) between
20,000 and 30,000 individual relics each year.The new venue will be a modern exhibition space
10._______________ multiple functions to provide relic preservation，repair work，and visitor
services.
语篇解读 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了已投入建设的故宫博物院的一个新分院将
更好地展出文物和提供服务。
1．答案 museum’s
解析 考查名词所有格。空处与名词词组cultural relics之间为所属关系，应用名词所有格。
故填 museum’s。
2．答案 began
解析 考查时态。空处为句子谓语，根据时间状语in December,2022可知应用一般过去时。
故填began。
3．答案 an
解析 考查冠词。 a/an...space of“一个……的空间”是固定表达，空后exhibition的发音是
以元音音素开头，故填an。
4．答案 restoration
解析 考查名词。空处应填名词作介词 for 的宾语，表示“为了修复工作”。故填
restoration。
5．答案 are housed
解析 考查时态、语态及主谓一致。空处为句子谓语，根据时间状语 At present判断为一般
现在时，主语relics和house之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态，且主语是复数，故填are
housed。
6．答案 and
解析 考查连词。 “limited exhibition spaces”和“outdated offices”是并列关系，应用and
连接。 故填and。
7．答案 explaining解析 考查非谓语动词。分析可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，explain和逻辑主语Du
Haijiang之间为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填explaining。
8．答案 currently
解析 考查副词。修饰谓语cannot be exhibited应用副词作状语。故填currently。
9．答案 to display
解析 考查不定式。此处为固定句型“It＋be＋adj.＋to do sth.”，it是形式主语，不定式是
真正的主语。 故填to display。
10．答案 with
解析 考查介词。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处用介词 with表示“有，具有”。 故填
with。
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
I worked as a nurse and I was on day duty while my workmates were on night duty.On one
shift，I sensed something just before going off duty at 11 am.I put down the tray(托盘) on the table
and suddenly it fell off the table.At first I thought I had accidentally knocked it over，but then I felt
the whole building shaking and heard patients were screaming.
I realized that an earthquake was happening.I quickly caught hold of a nearby patient，who
was terribly frightened and pushed her under a bed.And then，I got under another bed myself.As
soon as the earthquake stopped，I decided to try and get the patient safely outside.I carried her out
and helped her down to the grassland，where several other people had gathered.
Afraid that my other workmates were in danger，I went back inside the building again.When
I met Lucy，our ward sister(护士长)，I found her patient couldn’t walk.We made a seat for the
patient by linking our hands and arms，and carried her outside together.We went back through the
building to check no one was left behind in our ward(病房)．
Just then，we saw that a man doctor was calling for volunteers to go down to other wards
with him to help more people.So we went together.The doctor went ahead of us and found one of
the nurses partially covered with rubble(碎石)，luckily still alive.Suddenly，the aftershock(余
震)struck and the doctor ordered us to leave.The brave doctor intended to stay alone and risk his
own life to save the nurse.
范文补全
However，without any hesitation，we made up our minds to stay with the doctor and
save the nurse together.The doctor encouraged the trapped nurse to stay calm，and 1.in the
meanwhile ， we focused our efforts on removing the bricks and the rubble that trapped her body (与
此同时，我们集中精力清除困住她身体的砖块和碎石)．However，sometimes 2.we were
faced with falling rubble from time to time ， despite which we continued (我们面临不时掉下来的
碎石，尽管如此，我们仍然继续)．Gradually and slowly，we lifted the nurse out of the
rubble.The doctor carried the nurse on his back and walked out of the building with the help ofus.3. Finally ， all ， including patients ， nurses and doctors ， were in the safe place (最后，所有人，
包括病人、护士和医生，都到了安全的地方)．
Later in the afternoon ， I had time to look around and saw some destroyed
buildings.4. My beautiful workplace lay beyond recognition ， even in ruins (我美丽的工作场所已
经面目全非，甚至完全被毁)．At the sight of this，I felt a weight in my chest.Suddenly，a
gentle wind danced around me，which made me think of all the people surviving the earthquake
with our help.5.It was our teamwork that made a difference(正是我们的团队合作起了重要作
用).6.I held the firm belief that some day in the future my workplace would come back to life and
take on a new look ， where we would continue working together to save more patients (我坚信，
未来某一天，我的工作场所会恢复生机，呈现新面貌，在那儿我们会继续共同努力去拯救更
多病人)．
