文档内容
2022学年第一学期质量监控
高三英语试卷
Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the
end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and
the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and a question about it,
read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the
question you have heard.
1. A. By train. B. By taxi. C. By bus. D. By bike.
2. A. A lawyer. B. A coach. C. A teacher. D. A boss.
3. A. March 31st. B. April 4th. C. April 2nd. D. April 1st.
4. A. ¥180. B. ¥280. C. ¥380. D. ¥560.
5. A. It’s beautiful. B. It’s a Greek campus.
C. It’s a small campus. D. It’s popular with people.
6. A. Mr. Smith’s course is difficult.
B. Mr. Smith often makes mistakes.
C. The course proves to be quite easy.
D. The course is mistaken for nothing.
7. A. He is short of money.
B. He has been in trouble recently.
C. He doesn’t want to miss any work.
D. He is unwilling to stay at home alone.
8. A. She has to remove the virus.
B. She can’t meet the deadline.
C. She can’t put up with the computer.
D. She’s infected with a certain disease.
9. A. He hates to buy tickets all the times.
B. They can afford to buy a ticket next October.
C. Buying a yearly ticket can save him much money.
D. The woman is too busy to visit the garden again within a year.
10. A. They are comforting each other.
B. They are telling a joke about football.
C. They are exchanging ideas as football fans.
D. They are expressing what they think about the match.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you
will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages andthe conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear
a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the
best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. 6. B. 7. C. 8. D. 9.
12. A. Because it postpones people’s biological clock.
B. Because it keeps people energetic in the afternoon.
C. Because it makes people not drink enough water.
D. Because it causes damage to your body’s functions.
13. A. The effective ways to get enough sleep.
B. The disadvantages of lacking enough sleep.
C. The proper amount of sleep people should get every day.
D. The reason for the tiredness despite long and good sleep.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following speech.
14. A. Reasons for busyness. B. Solutions to busyness.
C. Importance of busyness. D. Disadvantages of busyness.
15. A. To introduce the importance of strategic thinking.
B. To prove some people are really too busy to think.
C. To lead in the topic by presenting some interesting facts.
D. To demonstrate people’s attitude towards strategic thinking.
16. A. More phenomena about busyness.
B. More reasons for people’s busyness.
C. Hidden relationship between busyness and loneliness.
D. Proposal for changes and suggestions for beating back busyness.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth was not a flat disc.
B. How ancient philosophers measured the distance between planets.
C. Why ancient philosophers thought the Earth moved around the Sun.
D. How ancient philosophers explained the cause of some unusual phenomena.
18. A. When they traveled south.
B. When they stayed in northern countries.
C. When they saw earth’s shadow on the moon during eclipses.
D. When they saw the North Star’s different positions in the sky.
19. A. By analyzing the data collected during the eclipses.
B. By comparing the different positions of the North Star.
C. By measuring the distances between different countries.
D. By traveling between southern and northern countries repeatedly.
20. A. The careful observations in their life.
B. The traditional beliefs of their ancestors.
C. The writings of philosophers from other societies.D. The measurements made with scientific instruments.
Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given
word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one
proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.
Your Smell Could Attract Mosquitoes
A new study finds that some people attract mosquitoes much more than others, and it probably involves the way
they smell.
The researchers have found that people who attract mosquitoes the most ____1____ (produce) a lot of certain
chemicals on their skin. These chemicals ____2____ (connect) to the smell that attracts the mosquitoes.
Leslie Vosshall is one of the researchers in New York. She said, “If you have high levels of this stuff on your
skin, you’re going to be the one at the picnic____3____ (get) all the bites.”
For the study, researchers designed an experiment to have people’s smells compete against each other. They
asked 64 volunteers to wear stockings around their forearms to absorb the smell from their skin. The stockings were
put in separate traps at the end of a long tube. Then, dozens of mosquitoes were released. The mosquitoes came to
some traps much more than others. The scientists did the experiment several times, always changing which stockings
were competing against each other. At the end, they discovered a huge difference between stockings. ____4____
(attractive) stocking was around 100 times more attractive to the mosquitoes than the last-place finisher.
By testing the same people for over a year, the study showed that these big differences remain. “Mosquito
magnets (招蚊子喜欢的人) seem____5____ (remain) mosquito magnets,” Researchers said. One common factor
they found was ____6____ mosquito magnets had high levels of certain acids on their skin.
“The research could help find new ways to drive away mosquitoes,” said Jeff Riffell, a scientist not
____7____ (involve) in the study, “There ____8____ be ways to affect the skin bacteria and change the smell that
attracts mosquitoes.” However, he said that would be hard to do. Researchers also did the experiment with
mosquitoes ____9____ genes were changed to damage their sense of smell. But they still flew to the same mosquito
magnets. Vosshall said mosquitoes have ways to find us ____10____ we change some conditions. “They have many
backup plans to be able to find us and bite us,” she said.
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note
that there is one word more than you need.
A. abandoned B. challenge C. colored D. demonstrate E. ensures.
F initiatives G. innovation H. pilot I. purchased J. recycled K. tailors
Lego: One Step Closer to Being Sustainable
The Lego Group is one step closer to reaching its goal of making all its products from sustainable materials by
2030.
The Danish toymaker revealed a prototype (雏形) brick made from ____11____ plastic. In a news release,
Lego said the PET plastic from ____12____ bottles makes up the first brick to meet the company’s “strict quality
and safety requirements.” One way the company ____13____ safety is by sourcing materials from suppliers that
use processes approved by the US Food & Drug Administration and European Food Safety Authority.
“The biggest ___14___ on our sustainability journey is rethinking and innovating new materials that are as
long-lasting, strong and high quality as our existing bricks—and fit with LEGO elements made over the past 60
years,” Lego Group Vice President of Environmental Responsibility Tim Brooks said. “With this prototype we’re
able to____15____ the progress we’re making to the public.”
It will be “some time” before bricks made from used materials can be ____16____, Lego said. The company
will continue to test and develop the PET formulation (配方) and decide whether to move to the ____17____
production phase, which is expected to take at least a year. One factor the company is testing is how the material
can be ____18____.
“Experimentation and failing is an important part of learning and ____19____. Just as kids build, unbuild and
rebuild with LEGO bricks at home, we’re doing the same in our lab,” Brooks said.
The move follows last year’s announcement that the company was making a $400 million investment over three
years into sustainability ____20____. It included phasing out the single-use plastic bags from its boxes and instead
using recyclable paper for its packaging.
Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,
B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In 2007, a group of researchers began testing a concept that seems as if it would never need testing: Is more
happiness always better than less? The researchers asked college students to rate their feelings on a scale from
“unhappy” to “very happy” and compared the results with academic and social outcomes. Although the “very happy”
participants had brilliant social lives, they performed ____21____ in school than those who were merely “happy”.
The researchers then examined a data set from another study that rated college freshmen’s “cheerfulness” and
____22____ their income nearly two decades later. They found that the most ____23____ were not the highest
earners. That distinction (荣誉) once again went to the second-highest group, which rated their cheerfulness as“above average.”
As with everything in life, happiness has its ____24____. Pursuing happiness to the exclusion of other goals-
known as psychological hedonism (享乐主义)—is____25____. It gives a life where you do not reach your full
potential, where you are ____26____ to take risks, where you choose temporary pleasures over challenging
experiences that give life meaning.
When I talk with people about their fear of negative outcomes in life, their true source of fear, in many cases,
____27____ how they will feel about having failed, not about the consequence of the failure itself. This is similar to
the way that discomfort with ____28____ causes more anxiety than guaranteed bad news. To ____29____ these
bad feelings, people give up kinds of opportunities that involve the possibility of failure.
However, bringing good things into your life, whether love or career success, usually involves risk. Risk does
not, of course, _____30_____ make us happy. A risky life will very likely bring disappointment, but it can bring
greater _____31_____ than a life played safe, as the studies above suggested.
None of this is to say that we are foolish for wanting to be happy. _____32_____, the desire for happiness is
natural and normal. Making the pursuit of positive feelings your highest or only goal, however, is a costly life strategy.
Endless happiness is impossible to achieve, and doing so _____33_____ many of the elements of a good life. As
the Canadian-American psychologist Paul Bloom wrote, “It’s the _____34_____we choose that affords the most
opportunity for pleasure, meaning, and personal growth.”
Though pain should never be anyone’s goal, each of us can strive for a rich life in which we not only seek the
sunshine but fully ____35____ the rain that inevitably falls as well. This is the paradox (悖论) of being fully
alive.
21. A. unwillingly B. unpleasantly C. admirably D. incredibly
22. A. generated B. increased C. tracked D. drained
23. A. joyful B. wealthy C. successful D. distinctive
24. A. advantage B. balance C. opportunity D. preference
25. A. fruitful B. significant C. priceless D. rewardless
26. A. desperate B. hesitant C. likely D. tempted
27. A. centers on B. works on C. takes on D. passes on
28. A. performance B. discipline C. uncertainty D. ignorance
29. A. conceal B. create C. tolerate D. avoid
30. A. necessarily B. inevitably C. similarly D. deliberately
31. A. fascination B. rewards C. depression D. challenges
.
32 A. On the contrary B. That is to say C. For instance D. In turn33. A. harvests B. encounters C. designs D. sacrifices
34. A. happiness B. wealth C. dishonor D. suffering
35. A. escape B. predict C. experience D. produce
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose
the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
,
Ten years ago the cyclist’s riding hard through the first snow storm of the year was a rare sight, often captured for
the evening news. Today, however, it is estimated that 4-5% of cyclists ride bikes year-round.
Being prepared is key to a good ride in the winter. The increasing popularity of winter cycling is due to the
creation of mountain bike and its imitation. Equipped with more stable bicycles, nothing seems to be able to stop the
adventurous winter cyclists. Many of them wear running shoes and protect themselves from the cold by wearing
downhill-skiing clothes. On wet days, they wear special water-proof over their shoes.
Besides all these mentioned above, there is one thing that has made winter riding more popular these years. In
the past, cyclists need to clean and oil their bicycle chains once a week, which is no easy task. But one bicycle store
owner tackled this weekly challenging task with an innovated complete chain cover. With bicycle chains completely
covered, cyclists would need to do the troublesome work once every six months. Despite this amazing invention, the
store owner still advises cyclists to take a taxi or bus when it’s really snowing heavily, not because conditions are too
hard for bicycles, but because she is afraid that many bikers may lose confidence in themselves on snowy days of
reduced discernibility, which is very dangerous.
36. What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Winter Mountain cycling competitions.
B. Suitable clothing for winter cycling.
C. Popularity of winter cycling and its reasons.
D. Increases in winter cycling equipment.
37. According to the passage, what has made winter cycling no longer a rare sight?
A. Construction of bicycle paths. B. A decrease in equipment prices.
C. The invention of stable bicycles. D. Milder weather in recent years.
38. How did one bicycle store owner help the winter cyclists?
A. She sells bicycles at a very low price.
B. She makes cycling in winter less dangerous.
C. She helps improve cyclists’ confidence when riding.D. She invents a new way to reduce the frequency of maintenance.
39. The underlined word “discernibility” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to
A. visibility B. popularity
C. congestion D. creativity
(B)
People with growth mindsets believe that:
People with fixed mindsets believe that:
●You have the capacity to learn and grow your
●Skill, intelligence and talents are natural.
skills.
●Failure is shameful and should be avoided.
●Failure is a valuable lesson.
●Some people are naturally good at things while others
●People who are good at something are good
not.
because they build that ability.
●You are not in control of your abilities.
●You are in control of your abilities.
have a desire to learn, so tend to:
have a desire to look smart, so tend to:
—Embrace challenges.
—Avoid challenges.
—Persist in the face of setbacks.
—Give up easily.
—See effort as the path to mastery.
—See effort as fruitless or worse.
—Learn from criticism.
—Ignore useful negative feedback.
—Find lessons and inspiration in the success of
—Feel threatened by the success of others.
others.
As a result, they may stay at the same level early and As a result, they reach ever-higher levels of
achieve less than their full potential. achievement.
Change can be tough, but I’ve never heard anyone say it wasn’t worth it. Did changing to a growth mindset
solve all my problems? No. But I know that I have a different life because of it—a richer one.
40. The book “mindset” is intended to ________.
A. tell readers that two different mindsets lead to different results
B. illustrate that people with different mindsets hold different beliefs
C. help readers believe people act differently when facing challenges
D. persuade people to learn to change so as to enjoy a more fruitful life41. Generally speaking, people with fixed mindsets are mostly ________.
.
A successful B. straightforward
C. intelligent D. narrow-minded
42. A person with a growth mindset is likely to say ________.
A. “If I win, I’ll be somebody; if I lose, I’ll be nobody.”
B. “To be good at sports, you need to be naturally gifted.”
C. “Learn techniques and skills and practice them regularly, and you will always improve.”
D. “You have a certain level of ability in sports and you cannot really do much to change it.”
(C)
Venus ( 金 星 ) has long played second to its redder, smaller and more distant neighbor. Given how
inhospitable (不宜居住的) Venus has appeared to be, we have spent the majority of the last century pinning some
of our biggest hopes of finding signs of life on Mars.
That all changed on September 15, 2020. It was announced that a strange gas called phosphine had been spotted
in the clouds above Venus. The gas is produced by microbes, extremely small living things, here on Earth, so the
discovery has renewed hopes that there might be life on Venus. Now we need to know for sure.
There is, after all, only so much we can do with ground-based instruments. Venus is extremely bright. This
brightness, caused by the intense reflection of sunlight from its thick clouds and highlighted because of its closer
distance to Earth, basically blinds our instruments from making more detailed observations of the planet. It is like
trying to look at the road while another car’s high beams (远光灯) are pointed in your direction.
“To really get to the heart of this question, we need to go to Venus,” says Paul Byrne, a planetary scientist at
North Carolina State University. But of course, that is easier said than done. Temperatures at the surface reach 464℃,
and pressures are 89 times higher than on Earth. Only the Soviet Union has successfully landed on the Venusian
surface—its Venera 13 lander functioned for 127 minutes before succumbing to the bad weather in 1982. It is not
easy to justify spending hundreds of millions or even billions of dollars on a mission that could be over in a matter
of hours without giving us what we need.
An orbiter is the most sensible start. Unlike ground-based observations, orbiters can peer into the atmosphere
and would have a better time observing how phosphine levels change over time or over what regions they are most
concentrated. An orbiter also presents the opportunity to complete more challenging projects by potentially venturing
directly into the planet’s atmosphere. A sample return mission could be possible, in which a spacecraft flies into the
atmosphere and bottles up some gas to bring back to Earth for laboratory analysis.
Trying to find life on another planet, however, is not simply a walk from point A to point B. No single mission
to Venus will be able to finish all the work necessary to answer the question. It might be time to think not just aboutwhat the next mission to Venus should be, but what a whole new era of Venus exploration would look like: a group
of multiple missions that explore Venus in joint efforts—the way we currently do with Mars.
.
43 Venus is considered inhospitable to humans mainly because ________.
A. the pressure of the planet is too low
B. the surface of the planet is too bright
C. the density (密度) of the clouds is too low
D. the surface temperature of the planet is too high
44. The underlined phrase “succumbing to” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A. giving in to B. keeping away from
C. making up for D. putting up with
45. According to the article, scientists will be better able to reveal the secret about Venus by ________.
A. sending astronauts to the planet
B. using a more advanced space telescope
C. launching an orbiter to the planet
D. redesigning their ground-based instruments
46. What can we infer from the article?
A. We have little hope of successfully finding life on Venus.
B. We have a firm determination to discover life on other planets.
C. We have spent much time studying phosphine in the past century.
D. We have attempted to land on the Venusian surface in the last century.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the
box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you
need.
I Am Not a Robot
An annoyance, an important security feature, an uncomfortable request: however you feel about being asked to
prove you are not a robot, it has become a daily occurrence for most of us, but perhaps not one we would miss if it
were to suddenly go away.
A new feature in the latest versions of iOS and macOS, Apple’s operating systems for smartphones and computers,
promises to give the boot to “captchas” once and for all. ____47____
“Sometimes a captcha is just a button to press,” said Apple engineer Tommy Pauly. “But other times it can be a
challenge to fill out.”
The term captcha is in fact an acronym (首字母缩略词) for “completely automated public Turing test (图灵测试) to tell computers and humans apart.” To help stop fraud (欺诈), these little tests often pop up when you’re
signing up for or onto a website.
____48____ If you get it wrong, it may ask you to start again, leading you to wonder if you really know what
a traffic light looks like—or if you might really be a robot after all.
But captchas are now fast becoming unusable, making the Internet a wasteland of difficult puzzles. Users must
struggle to do the most basic things. “We’ve literally all found ourselves at one time or another complaining: ‘Those
were all the pictures with traffic lights,” said Effie Le Moignan, a researcher in social computing at Newcastle
University.
Internet users struggle to tell the difference between a wear of paint on a sidewalk and a formalized crosswalk
that’s often requested in a traditional captcha, and worry that one wrong answer may lock them out of an account.
____49____
“You likely don’t enjoy being interrupted by these,” said Apple’s Tommy Pauly. “I certainly don’t. The reason
these experiences exist is to prevent dishonest activity. If you run a server, you don’t want it to be defeated by
fraud. ____50____”
The company worked with Fastly and Cloudflare to build the new feature. It works by allowing your device to
send a statement confirming it is being used by a human to the requesting website.
A. This is becoming a bigger issue as captchas have grown increasingly confusing.
B. Therefore, when faced with something really confusing, many people simply give up.
C. Most attempts to create accounts or to buy products come from common users, but some attempts can also
come from attackers.
D. Called “automatic confirmation,” the technology will allow sites to confirm you are not a robot without you
having to do anything at all.
E. These tests may ask you to spot all the traffic lights in a picture or to type out some special letters and numbers.
F. Although the service is tied to Apple’s iCloud network, the requesting site will not receive any personal
information about the user or their device.
Ⅳ. Summary Writing
51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no
more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
“Digital Hoarding” Could Be an Increasing Problem
As data storage has become more accessible than ever, the amount of digital “stuff” we all have put aside is on
the rise, too.
In a recent paper published in the journal Information & Management, we have investigated a rising phenomenoncalled “digital hoarding”, which happens when an individual constantly acquires digital content, feels difficulty in
getting rid of it, and gradually gets more and more digital content without an intended purpose.
Digital hoarding can quickly increase out of control, too — perhaps even more quickly than in the physical
world, due to several reasons. First, the digital hoarder is less likely to notice the space limitations in the digital world.
While the boundaries of a physical space are clear, such boundaries are less noticeable in digital spaces. Second,
hoarding of physical objects happens in fixed boundaries, while digital spaces are “expandable” — you can get
additional digital storage with minimum effort at very little or zero cost. Third, to hoard physical items, a person
needs to expend some effort, such as purchasing them. By contrast, most digital contents are either self-created, free,
or available on a subscription (订阅) basis. Fourth, compared with physical stuff, digital contents can be multiplied,
for example, by making copies, with very minimal effort.
In the modern world, it is unavoidable that digital content plays an important role in our lives. Therefore, the
potential of serious mental health impacts from digital hoarding is a real possibility.
If you think you’re holding onto too much digital content, you can try cleaning your digital footprint, reducing
unnecessary digital content, coming up with simple methods to organize your files, pictures and videos. What’s more,
reassess the importance of many social networks, including groups in many communication apps, and keep only
those essential to you.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Ⅴ. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the
brackets.
52. 一位有影响力的专家建议多加关注自身的心理健康。(attention)(汉译英)
53. 那栋刚落成的大楼是为了纪念一位毕生致力于医学事业的科学家。(dedicate) (汉译英)
54. 每次我拿到快递，我都迫不及待地在半路把它拆了，这是司空见惯的现象。(every time) (汉译英)
55. 设计者把旧梯子改造成了花架子，他的环保意识和对美好生活的热爱一览无遗，吸引了众多游客的眼
球。(transform) (汉译英)
Ⅵ. Guided Writing
56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below inChinese.
假设你是光明中学高三学生李明。近期，年级组正在策划18岁成人礼仪式，其中一个环节为“说说你的故
事”，筹备组现面向本校全体高三学生征集真实故事案例。请给筹备组写一封邮件，内容须包括：
1) 你印象最深的一件事情；
2) 此事对你的启发和影响。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________
Ⅰ. Listening comprehension
1-10 DAADA ACBDD
11-13 BAD 14-16 ACD 17-20 ACBA
