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2023 年高考英语阅读理解满分攻略+名校模拟专项训练
专题05 专攻阅读理解说明文选标题20篇 解析版
01（2023春·河南·高三校联考开学考试）In September 2022, Artemis Technologies company presented a new
type of water ferry(渡船). The Artemis E-24 is the world’s first high-speed, electric, zero-emissions ferry. Currently, the
only way to get from Belfast, Northern Ireland to Bangor, Wales without gelling on a plane, is to take a bus or train to
Dublin. Ireland and to get on a ferry there. However, that could all change with Artemis E-24 to be applied literally.
The first Artemis E-24 is expected to set sail on a route between Belfast and Bangor as early as 2024. But actually
the road to its creation began nearly 20 years ago, in 2005, when Olympic medalist, Dr. Iain Percy, joined the Artemis
Racing sailing team. The Artemis ferry used the same hydrofoil(水翼船)technology that the Artemis Racing America’s
Cup racing yachts did. It is this technology that can lift the boat out of the water as it picks up speed, much like an
airplane’s wings, that make it seem as if it is flying.
Beyond the coolness factor, the reasons why Artemis E-24 uses the hydrofoil technology are practical. Raising the
boat above the water, and reducing drug leads to up to a 85 percent reduction in fuel costs. Likewise, the reduced drag
also minimizes the impact that running the ship has on shorelines. Reduced drag means lower waves.
The environmental benefit of a transportation technology is obvious to all. However, it also has practical benefits.
As Dr. Percy told The Irish World, “this ferry will not only be the cheapest, but also the fastest way in water-based cities.
It will get commuters(通勤者)to where they are going in 25 minutes. In addition, this new initiative will also bring more
than 1, 000 new jobs into the Belfast area over the next few years. ”
The Artemis Ferry is a proof to the fact that new and creative technologies can make huge impacts, not only for the
world and the environment, but for the local economics that produce them.
1．Why is the route from Belfast to Bangor mentioned in paragraph 1?
A．To analyse the new ferry.
B．To make a list of evidence.
C．To come up with an idea.
D．To add the background of the topic.
2．What does the paragraph 2 mainly show?
A．The shape of the Artemis E-24
B．The origin of the new invention.
C．The experiences of an Olympic medalist.
D．The effect of the hydrofoil technology.
3．How can we describe the Artemis E-24?A．It is light and energy-efficient.
B．It is cheap and fully automatic.
C．It is high-speed and cost-effective.
D．It is oil-burning and multifunctional.
4．Whal is the best title of the text?
A．New Flying Ferry Could Revolutionize Water Travel
B．New Technology Balances Economy and Environment
C．The Artemis Ferry with Airplane’s Wings Will Set Sail
D．Hydrofoil Technology Leads to Reduction in Fuel Costs
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Artemis Technologies公司推出了一种新型水上轮渡，第一艘Artemis
E-24预计最早于2024年在贝尔法斯特和班戈之间的航线上起航。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“he Artemis E-24 is the world’s first high-speed, electric, zero-emissions ferry.
Currently, the only way to get from Belfast, Northern Ireland to Bangor, Wales without gelling on a plane, is to
take a bus or train to Dublin. Ireland and to get on a ferry there. However, that could all change with Artemis
E-24 to be applied literally.”（Artemis E-24是世界上第一艘高速、电动、零排放的渡轮。目前，从北爱尔兰的
贝尔法斯特到威尔士的班戈而不坐飞机的唯一方法是乘坐公共汽车或火车到爱尔兰的都柏林，然后坐船去那里。
然而，随着阿Artemis E-24的实际应用，这一切都可能改变。）可推知，在第一段中提到了从贝尔法斯特到班
戈的路线是为了提出一个想法。故选C项。
2．主旨大意题。根据第二段“The first Artemis E-24 is expected to set sail on a route between Belfast and
Bangor as early as 2024. But actually the road to its creation began nearly 20 years ago, in 2005, when Olympic
medalist, Dr. Iain Percy, joined the Artemis Racing sailing team. The Artemis ferry used the same hydrofoil
technology that the Artemis Racing America’s Cup racing yachts did. It is this technology that can lift the boat
out of the water as it picks up speed, much like an airplane’s wings, that make it seem as if it is flying.”（第一艘
Artemis E-24预计最早于2024年在贝尔法斯特和班戈之间的航线上起航。但实际上，它的创立之路始于近 20
年前，即2005年，当时奥运奖牌得主伊恩•珀西(Iain Percy)博士加入了Artemis帆船队。Artemis轮渡使用了与
Artemis美洲杯帆船赛相同的水翼技术。正是这项技术使船在加速时脱离水面，就像飞机的翅膀一样，让它看
起来像在飞行。）可知，第二段主要表明了新发明的起源。故选B项。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“As Dr. Percy told The Irish World, this ferry will not only be the cheapest,
but also the fastest way in water-based cities. It will get commuters to where they are going in 25 minutes.”（正如
珀西博士在接受《爱尔兰世界报》采访时所说，“这艘渡轮不仅是水基城市中最便宜的，也是最快的方式。它
可以让通勤者在25分钟内到达他们要去的地方。）可知，Artemis E-24速度快，性价比高。故选C项。
4．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“In September 2022, Artemis Technologies company presented a
试卷第2页，共41页new type of water ferry. The Artemis E-24 is the world’s first high-speed, electric, zero-emissions ferry.”（2022年
9月，Artemis Technologies公司推出了一种新型水上轮渡。Artemis E-24是世界上第一艘高速、电动、零排放
的渡轮。）以及第二段中“The first Artemis E-24 is expected to set sail on a route between Belfast and Bangor as
early as 2024.”（第一艘Artemis E-24预计最早于2024年在贝尔法斯特和班戈之间的航线上起航。）和“The
Artemis ferry used the same hydrofoil technology that the Artemis Racing America’s Cup racing yachts did. It is
this technology that can lift the boat out of the water as it picks up speed, much like an airplane’s wings, that
make it seem as if it is flying.”（Artemis轮渡使用了与Artemis美洲杯帆船赛相同的水翼技术。正是这项技术使
船在加速时脱离水面，就像飞机的翅膀一样，让它看起来像在飞行。）可知，文章主要讲的是 Artemis
Technologies公司推出了一种新型水上轮渡，第一艘Artemis E-24预计最早于2024年在贝尔法斯特和班戈之间
的航线上起航。故文章最好的标题是“有飞机翅膀的Artemis渡轮将起航”。故选C项。
02（2023秋·江苏苏州·高三统考期末）The latest data shows the population of wild Asian elephants in southwest
China’s Yunnan Province has increased from around 150 to more than 300 from the 1980s to the end of 2021, according
to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.
With the growth in the elephant population, conflicts between humans and elephants have become frequent. In order
to fundamentally and peacefully solve the issue and protect the elephant’s habitat at the same time, construction of the
Asian elephant National Park is picking up speed. Experts suggest that national parks are not meant to be entirely free of
people. Instead, they should offer a method for coexistence.
Asian elephants play an important role as engineers of the rainforest, said the expert. Their migration(迁徙) can
speed up the replacement of forest ecosystems along the way. Elephant waste remains not only a delicacy for insects, but
also attracts insectivorous birds, allowing plant seeds to spread. Therefore, protecting the elephants and their habitats
guarantees the shelter to other wildlife in forest ecosystems.
To cope with human-elephant conflicts, Yunnan took the lead in introducing a commercial insurance model into its
compensation(补偿) system: local residents will be paid with the amount of money for the crops destroyed by the
elephants by the insurance company. In the past 10 years, Yunnan has paid a total of 173 million yuan for losses caused
by Asian elephants.
“The standard of compensation is constantly being adjusted, and the amount of insurance coverage for
compensation is also increasing,” said Yang Hua from the Forestry and Grass Bureau of Yunnan Province. “At present,
the insured amount in Pu’er City and Xishuangbanna Prefecture alone has already gone beyond 50 million.”
5．Why does the author mention the growing population of wild Asian elephants?
A．To promote a better environment.
B．To introduce a possible crisis.
C．To applaud the efforts of the government.D．To stress the importance of the elephants.
6．What does the underlined word “insectivorous” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Feeding on insects. B．Driving away insects.
C．Letting go of insects. D．Keeping track of insects.
7．What has been done to tackle conflicts between elephants and humans?
A．Construction of undisturbed national parks.
B．Support of Asian elephants’ migration.
C．Constant adjustment of insurance policies.
D．Guarantee of the shelter to other wildlife.
8．What might be the best title?
A．Asian elephants, engineers of the rainforest
B．Insurance adjusted, compensation increased
C．Population of wild Asian elephants shoots up in China
D．China explores solutions to achieve human-elephant harmony
【答案】5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述随着大象数量的增长，人类与大象之间的冲突变得频繁，所以中国不断
探索解决人象之间冲突的策略。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“The latest data shows the population of wild Asian elephants in southwest China’s
Yunnan Province has increased from around 150 to more than 300 from the 1980s to the end of 2021, according to
the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.(国家林业和草原局的最新数据显示，从上世纪 80年代到
2021年底，中国西南部云南省的野生亚洲象数量已从 150头左右增加到 300多头。)”和第二段“With the
growth in the elephant population, conflicts between humans and elephants have become frequent.(随着大象数量
的增长，人类与大象之间的冲突变得频繁。)”由此可知大象数量的增加是为了引出本文的话题随着大象数量的
增长，人类与大象之间的冲突变得频繁。也就是人和大象之间的冲突，故选B。
6．词义猜测题。根据划线词句子“Elephant waste remains not only a delicacy for insects, but also attracts
insectivorous birds, allowing plant seeds to spread.( 大象的粪便不仅是昆虫的美味佳肴，还吸引了 insectivorous
鸟类，使植物种子得以传播。)”和常识可知鸟类吃昆虫，所以划线词意为“食虫的”，和 A选项“以昆虫为
食”同义，故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To cope with human-elephant conflicts, Yunnan took the lead in introducing
a commercial insurance model into its compensation(补偿)system: local residents will be paid with the amount of
money for the crops destroyed by the elephants by the insurance company. In the past 10 years, Yunnan has paid
a total of 173 million yuan for losses caused by Asian elephants.(为了应对人象冲突，云南率先在补偿制度中引入
试卷第4页，共41页了商业保险模式：由保险公司赔偿当地居民被大象破坏的庄稼。在过去的 10年里，云南为亚洲象造成的损失支
付了1.73亿元。) ”和最后一段““The standard of compensation is constantly being adjusted, and the amount of
insurance coverage for compensation is also increasing,” said Yang Hua from the Forestry and Grass Bureau of
Yunnan Province.云南省林草局的杨华表示：“赔偿标准在不断调整，赔偿保险的金额也在不断增加。””可
知在解决大象与人类之间的冲突时引入了商业保险模式，并且不断的调整金额，故选C。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“The latest data shows the population of wild Asian elephants in
southwest China’s Yunnan Province has increased from around 150 to more than 300 from the 1980s to the end of
2021, according to the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.(国家林业和草原局的最新数据显示，从
上世纪80年代到2021年底，中国西南部云南省的野生亚洲象数量已从150头左右增加到300多头。)”和第二段
“With the growth in the elephant population, conflicts between humans and elephants have become frequent.(随
着大象数量的增长，人类与大象之间的冲突变得频繁。)”可知本文主要讲述随着大象数量的增长，人类与大象
之间的冲突变得频繁，所以中国不断探索解决人象之间冲突的策略。故 D选项“中国探索人象和谐的解决方
案”符合本文主旨，故选D。
03（2023·安徽合肥·统考一模）Transport is undergoing a massive transformation so it can meet society’s
demands for a low- carbon economy. Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping, but zero-
carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (转变) and long-term decarbonization of transport.
In the US, transportation produces the largest share of all greenhouse gas emissions (排放) in the economy at 29%,
according to the Environmental Protection Agency. More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles
used hydrogen, emissions of this kind would plummet.
However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an engine fuel for cars because it is
harder to store safely. And while fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) that turn hydrogen into electricity can compete with
EV performance-and even out-compete them on range and refill time, extra energy is needed to produce the hydrogen
needed for fuel. Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a challenge for many nations.
Currently, governments worldwide are backing green hydrogen projects to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in
heavy industries like freight (货运), steel, and energy storage. But hydrogen transport will need rapid production
methods to create the fuel needed for the world’s road fleet.
Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (纳米级的) thin films are applied to improving the
chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater. The same technology has been successfully used in
solar power devices with higher efficiency-to-cost rates. Since hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe
and as seawater makes up about 96% of all water on Earth, there is a virtually limitless supply.
Even wastewater and solid waste can create green hydrogen. Researchers at Princeton University are using sunlight
to separate hydrogen from industrial wastewater. Chemical plants that currently face high costs for cleaning wastewater
could transform it into clean hydrogen supplies.9．What does the underlined word “plummet” mean in Paragraph 2?
A．Stop. B．Decrease. C．Continue. D．Disappear.
10．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．Ways of storing hydrogen safely.
B．Benefits of fuel cell electric vehicles.
C．Challenges of using hydrogen as car fuel.
D．Differences between gasoline and hydrogen.
11．What makes it more efficient to get hydrogen from the ocean?
A．The application of solar power devices.
B．The method of identifying water elements.
C．The invention. of the water transport system.
D．The use of the nanoscale thin-film technology.
12．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Clean Energy Hydrogen Ready to Take Off
B．Traditional Fuels Bound to Reach a Dead End
C．How We Can Generate Energy from Hydrogen
D．What the Future of Transportation May Be Like
【答案】9．B 10．C 11．D 12．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了清洁能源氢气的开发和利用情况。
9．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“More than 90% of transport fuel is petrol based, but if more vehicles used
hydrogen(超过90%的交通燃料是以汽油为基础的，但如果更多的车辆使用氢)”可知，如果使用氢气的话温室气
体排放量会“下降”。由此可知，划线词的意思是“下降”。故选B项。
10．主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“However, hydrogen is not considered an ideal replacement for gasoline as an
engine fuel for cars because it is harder to store safely.(然而，氢并不被认为是汽油作为汽车发动机燃料的理想替
代品，因为氢更难安全储存)”和“Also, finding investment for storage, pipelines and fuel stations is still a
challenge for many nations.(此外，为储存、管道和燃料站寻找投资对许多国家来说仍然是一个挑战)”可知，本
段主要讲了使用氢作为汽车燃料的挑战。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。根据第五段中的 Thankfully, research is advancing all the time. Nanoscale (纳米级的) thin
films are applied to improving the chemical process to rapidly harvest hydrogen from the seawater.(值得庆幸的是，
研究一直在进步。纳米薄膜被应用于改善化学过程，以快速从海水中获取氢气)”可知，采用纳米级薄膜技术使
得从海洋中获取氢气更有效。故选D项。
12．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Introducing electric vehicles (EV) and declining gasoline use are helping,
but zero-carbon hydrogen can speed up both the transition (转变) and long-term decarbonization of transport.(引
试卷第6页，共41页入电动汽车（EV）和减少汽油使用是有帮助的，但零碳氢可以加快交通的转型和长期脱碳)”及下文内容可知，
文章主要介绍了清洁能源氢气的开发和利用情况。由此可知，选项 A“清洁能源氢准备起飞”适合用作文章标题。
故选A项。
04（2023 秋·山东滨州·高三统考期末）Over the past few years, a new street art form in Sweden has been
opening our eyes to a world we had not given much thought to before. A collection of artists installed tiny buildings,
stores and cafes across the streets of Sweden and Europe designed to be inhabited by mice.
The scenes like the fairy tales that inspired them, are dreamy and adorable. A miniature record store, complete with
a bottle cap banjo(班卓琴)，a small restaurant, a travel agent, a jazz club-all crafted to the tiniest detail.
“Well, it started with a few of us just wanting to construct something in a public setting, and the discussion
narrowed in on our love for the movies of Disney,” said Jim Hanks, one artist of this group. “We like to think of it as
something we ourselves would love to meet unexpectedly in an otherwise dull concrete environment.” Now, they’ve
completed an estimated 30 installations! Mostly in Malmo and Stockholm in Sweden.
After scouting a location, the group then research the local history of the area they are in to inform their design.
Once sketched out, the constructions take up to two months to build before they are installed in the dead of night.
“We just want to bring a little bit of magic into people’s everyday lives, and maybe inspire someone to create
something on their own street,” Jim Hanks said. “We like to imagine a world where small animals live parallel to us, and
recycle objects we lose or throw away, so a bottle cap becomes a chair, a box of matches becomes a table, a stamp
becomes a painting and a trash can becomes a restaurant.”
Michael Gehrisch, an American photographer based in Lund, Sweden, captured a few of the dream-like miniature
scenes on video, which show stunned onlookers bending impossibly low to the ground to take pictures and admire the
work.
13．What is the main feature of the works of these artists?
A．Animal-friendly. B．Multi-functional
C．Old-fashioned. D．Small-sized.
14．What can we infer from Jim Hanks’ words?
A．They want to inspire more people to learn art.
B．They have reused some old items in their works.
C．They want to give the city more musical elements.
D．They are inspired by their love for traditional architecture.
15．What does the author want to show by mentioning Michael’s video?
A．People’s love for this street art form.
B．The best way to appreciate the work.
C．Proper behaviors of onlookers in public.D．People’s awareness of environmental protection.
16．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Street art in all its forms. B．A new environmental initiative.
C．Miniature stores for mice. D．The revival of a traditional art.
【答案】13．D 14．B 15．A 16．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典的一种新的街头艺术形式，一群艺术家在瑞典和欧洲的街道
上设计了供老鼠居住的微型建筑、商店和咖啡馆。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段“The scenes like the fairy tales that inspired them, are dreamy and adorable. A
miniature record store, complete with a bottle cap banjo(班卓琴)，a small restaurant, a travel agent, a jazz club-
all crafted to the tiniest detail.(这些场景就像鼓舞他们的童话故事一样，梦幻而可爱。一个微型唱片店，配有一
个带瓶盖的班卓琴，一个小餐馆，一个旅行社，一个爵士俱乐部——所有这些都被精心制作到最微小的细
节。)”可知，这些艺术家的作品主要特色就是小。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段““We just want to bring a little bit of magic into people’s everyday lives, and
maybe inspire someone to create something on their own street,” Jim Hanks said. “We like to imagine a world
where small animals live parallel to us, and recycle objects we lose or throw away, so a bottle cap becomes a chair,
a box of matches becomes a table, a stamp becomes a painting and a trash can becomes a restaurant.”(Jim Hanks
说：“我们只是想给人们的日常生活带来一点魔力，也许能激励一些人在自己的街道上创造一些东西。”“我
们喜欢想象这样一个世界，在那里小动物和我们平行生活，并回收我们丢失或扔掉的物品，所以瓶盖变成了椅
子，一盒火柴变成了桌子，邮票变成了一幅画，垃圾桶变成了餐馆。”)”可推断，这些艺术家回收利用了一些
旧物件创造了这个微型建筑世界。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Michael Gehrisch, an American photographer based in Lund, Sweden,
captured a few of the dream-like miniature scenes on video, which show stunned onlookers bending impossibly
low to the ground to take pictures and admire the work.(住在瑞典隆德的美国摄影师Michael Gehrisch在视频中
捕捉到了一些梦境般的微缩场景，从这些场景中可以看出，目瞪口呆的围观者难以置信地弯下腰来拍照和欣赏
这些作品。)”可推断，Michael Gehrisch的视频表明了人们对这些微型建筑的喜爱。故选A。
16．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“A collection of artists installed tiny buildings, stores and cafes across the
streets of Sweden and Europe designed to be inhabited by mice. (一群艺术家在瑞典和欧洲的街道上设计了供老
鼠居住的微型建筑、商店和咖啡馆。)”可知，文章主要介绍了一种新的街头艺术，一群艺术家在街道上设计了
供老鼠居住的微型建筑、商店和咖啡馆等。所以“Miniature stores for mice.(为小老鼠设计的迷你商店)”作为文
章标题最为合适。故选C。
05（2023·广东梅州·统考一模）While most of us are never without our smartphones robots may also soon
become essential companions. It certainly seems so based on the recent experiments conducted by researchers in Japan,
试卷第8页，共41页who developed a wearable soft robot for patients to use during treatments, such as injections(注射) and other unpleasant
therapies in an attempt to ease their pain and defend people against anxiety.On being subjected to a moderate heat
stimulus(刺激), the study participants who wore the robot experienced less pain than in the tests in which they did not
wear the robot.
During the campaign to encourage vaccination against COVID-19, public health officials recognized that some
people are simply afraid of needles,which contributed to reduced vaccination rates. While the problems of patient anxiety
and pain during medical procedures have been well studied there remains a need to test and implement solutions to help
patients.
The soft fur-covered robot the scientists called Reliebo was designed to be attached to the participant’s hand. The
researchers tested its effectiveness under various conditions based on the clenching of the participant’s hand, while
applying the painful thermal stimulus to the other arm that was not being used to hold the robot.The researchers found
that holding the robot helped relieve the experience for patients regardless of the experimental conditions used, and
concluded that the feelings of well -being that can be created by human touch may have also been activated by the robot.
“It is well known that interpersonal touch can reduce pain and fear, and we believe that this effect can be achieved even
with nonliving soft robots,”states Professor Tanaka.
This may be useful when actual human contact is not feasible, such as during pandemics. Future versions of the
robot might use a controlled gaze or even AR (augmented reality) technologies to help build a connection with the
patient or distract them from pain perception in various situations.
17．What is the purpose of the robot?
A．To assist doctors in injecting accurately.
B．To help relieve people’s pain from injections.
C．To evaluate patients’ physical and mental health.
D．To assess the effects of getting vaccinated against COVID-19.
18．How does the robot ease the pain and anxiety of the patients?
A．The robot is designed to be attached to the patients’ hand.
B．The robot’s soft fur gives the patients a feelings of well- being.
C．The robot’s“interpersonal touch ” creates a feelings of well -being.
D．The robot instructs the researchers to relieve the experience for patients.
19．What will researchers probably do next?
A．Develop other devices for medical treatment.
B．Carry out more and more tests on the robot.
C．Evaluate the possible risk of using the robot.
D．Promote the application of the robot worldwide20．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．How to Reduce People’s Fear of Injections.
B．Advanced Technology Helps to Cure Patients
C．Being Afraid of Needles Reduced Vaccination Rates
D．Wearable Soft Robot Helps People Scare of injections.
【答案】17．B 18．C 19．A 20．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本研究人员最近进行的实验，他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机
器人从而保护人们免受焦虑。
17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“It certainly seems so based on the recent experiments conducted by
researchers in Japan, who developed a wearable soft robot for patients to use during treatments, such as
injections(注射) and other unpleasant therapies in an attempt to ease their pain and defend people against
anxiety.(从日本研究人员最近进行的实验来看，似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，供患者
在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治疗，试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受焦虑。)”可知，这款机
器人可以减轻患者的疼痛。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The researchers found that holding the robot helped relieve the experience
for patients regardless of the experimental conditions used, and concluded that the feelings of well -being that can
be created by human touch may have also been activated by the robot. “It is well known that interpersonal touch
can reduce pain and fear, and we believe that this effect can be achieved even with nonliving soft robots,” states
Professor Tanaka.(研究人员发现，无论实验条件如何，抱着机器人都有助于缓解患者的体验，并得出结论，人
类触摸所产生的幸福感可能也被机器人激活了。田中教授说：“众所周知，人与人之间的接触可以减少疼痛和
恐惧，我们相信即使是在无生命的软体机器人身上也能达到这种效果。”)”可知，这款机器人让人们在触摸它
的时候产生了幸福感，从而缓解了疼痛和焦虑。故选C。
19．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Future versions of the robot might use a controlled gaze or even AR
(augmented reality) technologies to help build a connection with the patient or distract them from pain perception
in various situations.(未来版本的机器人可能会使用控制凝视甚至AR(增强现实)技术来帮助与患者建立联系，或
在各种情况下分散他们对疼痛的感知。)”可推断，研究人员未来会开发一些其他的医疗功能。故选A。
20．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It certainly seems so based on the recent experiments conducted by
researchers in Japan, who developed a wearable soft robot for patients to use during treatments, such as
injections(注射) and other unpleasant therapies in an attempt to ease their pain and defend people against
anxiety. On being subjected to a moderate heat stimulus(刺激), the study participants who wore the robot
experienced less pain than in the tests in which they did not wear the robot. (从日本研究人员最近进行的实验来看，
似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，供患者在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治疗，
试卷第10页，共41页试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受焦虑。在接受适度的热刺激时，佩戴机器人的研究参与者比不佩戴机器人
的测试参与者感受到的疼痛要少。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，它们可以帮助那
些害怕注射的人们，以缓解他们的焦虑。所以“Wearable Soft Robot Helps People Scare of injections.(可穿戴软
机器人帮助人们避免打针。)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。
06（2023秋·河南郑州·高三期末）Have you ever felt like nobody was there? Have you ever felt forgotten in the
middle of nowhere? Have you ever felt like you could disappear? Like you could fall, and no one would hear? Well,
you’re not alone.
In a time when it seems like everyone is consumed by social media, the Broadway musical Dear Evan Hansen
really hits home on what it’s like to be a millennial or any person struggling to find their way. With its moving story,
catchy songs, and talented cast, the musical is sure to earn not only your praise, but steal your heart in the process.
Coping with severe anxiety, the title character finds it extremely difficult to fit in. His single mother is always
working, his only acquaintance at school is a family friend, and the girl he likes doesn’t even know he exists. Every day
is a constant struggle, until the unexpected death of a classmate gives him a voice he never knew he had, even if it is all
based on a lie.
On top of the moving story, the music is infectious. When the single “Waving Through a Window” was first
released, I played the track for five days straight. Even after seeing the show, I still have the urge to bust out the lyrics to
“Words Fail” during my morning commute on the subway. You think I’m exaggerating, but just wait until you hear the
soundtrack for the first time. You won’t just tap your foot to one of the melodies during the show; you’ll come out
humming three more of them when you leave, guaranteed.
With so many different themes like depression, anxiety, and loneliness throughout, we can all see a bit of ourselves
in one of these characters: the socially awkward teen, the daughter whose parents won’t stop fighting, or the classmate
who feels like there’s no other way than just giving up. In between numbers, I could audibly hear the audience choking
back sobs. My mom and I bonded with a young man sitting next to us during the intermission as we talked about how we
related to Evan, his mother, his classmates, and all that in between. At the heart of it all, this isn’t just a show. It’s a story
that needs to be told, because no one deserves to be forgotten. No one deserves to feel like they could disappear. Even
when you’re broken on the ground, you will be found.
21．The questions in the first paragraph are mentioned _________.
A．to inform us of some common social phenomena.
B．to tell us that many people feel lonely in life.
C．to introduce the theme of Dear Evan Hansen.
D．to illustrate that severe anxiety exists.
22．What does the underlined phrase “hit home” mean?
A．To be widely reported.B．To return to the original place.
C．To make people realize something is true.
D．To suddenly become very successful.
23．According to the author, what makes Dear Evan Hansen a huge success?
A．Brilliant cast. B．Infectious songs.
C．The complex story. D．The way it relate to every individual.
24．What is the best title of this passage?
A．Dear Evan Hansen-you are not alone B．Dear Evan Hansen-a big hit
C．Broadway musical strikes a chord with me D．Broadway musical is still catchy
【答案】21．C 22．C 23．D 24．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了百老汇音乐剧《亲爱的埃文·汉森》的剧情、反映的主题以及成功的原
因。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“Have you ever felt like nobody was there? Have you ever felt forgotten in the
middle of nowhere? Have you ever felt like you could disappear? Like you could fall, and no one would hear?
Well, you’re not alone.”（你有没有觉得没人在那里？你有没有在茫茫人海中被遗忘过？你有没有想过你会消失？
就像你可能会摔倒，但没有人会听到？嗯，你并不是唯一有这些感觉的人）和第二段“In a time when it seems
like everyone is consumed by social media, the Broadway musical Dear Evan Hansen really hits home on what it’s
like to be a millennial or any person struggling to find their way.”（在一个似乎每个人都被社交媒体吞噬的时代，
百老汇音乐剧《亲爱的埃文·汉森》真正触及了千禧一代或任何一个努力寻找自己道路的人的感受。）由此判断
出，第一段的问题是为了介绍《亲爱的埃文·汉森》的主题。故选C项。
22．词句猜测题。根据第二段“With its moving story, catchy songs, and talented cast, the musical is sure to earn
not only your praise, but steal your heart in the process.”（凭借其动人的故事、朗朗上口的歌曲和才华横溢的演
员阵容，这部音乐剧肯定不仅能赢得你的赞誉，而且会在这个过程中偷走你的心）和画线单词所在句子“In a
time when it seems like everyone is consumed by social media, the Broadway musical Dear Evan Hansen really
hits home on what it’s like to be a millennial or any person struggling to find their way. ”（在这个似乎每个人都
被社交媒体吸引的时代，百老汇音乐剧《亲爱的埃文·汉森》真正hits home千禧一代或任何努力寻找自己道路
的人。）可推断出，百老汇音乐剧《亲爱的埃文·汉森》偷走了你的心，即真正触及了千禧一代或任何一个努力
寻找自己道路的人的感受。所以划线词的意思是“让人们意识到某事是真实的”。故选C项。
23．推理判断题。根据第二段“In a time when it seems like everyone is consumed by social media, the Broadway
musical Dear Evan Hansen really hits home on what it’s like to be a millennial or any person struggling to find
their way.”（在一个似乎每个人都被社交媒体吞噬的时代，百老汇音乐剧《亲爱的埃文·汉森》真正触及了千禧
一代或任何一个努力寻找自己道路的人的感受。）和最后一段“With so many different themes like depression,
试卷第12页，共41页anxiety, and loneliness throughout, we can all see a bit of ourselves in one of these characters: the socially
awkward teen, the daughter whose parents won’t stop fighting, or the classmate who feels like there’s no other
way than just giving up.”（贯穿始终的抑郁、焦虑和孤独等不同主题，我们都能在这些角色的身上看到自己的
一面:不善于社交的青少年，这个女儿的父母争吵不休，或者除了放弃别无选择的同学。）由此判断出，使《亲
爱的埃文·汉森》成功的是它与每个人都息息相关。故选D项。
24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever felt like nobody was there? Have you ever felt forgotten in the
middle of nowhere? Have you ever felt like you could disappear? Like you could fall, and no one would hear?
Well, you’re not alone.”（你有没有觉得没人在那里？你有没有在茫茫人海中被遗忘过？你有没有想过你会消失？
就像你可能会摔倒，但没有人会听到？嗯，你并不是唯一有这些感觉的人）和第二段“In a time when it seems
like everyone is consumed by social media, the Broadway musical Dear Evan Hansen really hits home on what it’s
like to be a millennial or any person struggling to find their way.”（在一个似乎每个人都被社交媒体吞噬的时代，
百老汇音乐剧《亲爱的埃文·汉森》真正触及了千禧一代或任何一个努力寻找自己道路的人的感受。）可知，本
文介绍了百老汇音乐剧《亲爱的埃文·汉森》的剧情、反映的主题以及成功的原因。所以A项“《亲爱的埃文·
汉森》——你并不是唯一有这些感觉的人”适合做文章标题。故选A项。
07（2023·广东深圳·统考一模）“You’re so smart!” This encouraging response to children’s math performance is
commonly heard. Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that encouraging children with
responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken their math motivation and
achievement over time.
Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to personal characteristics like intelligence are
using what’s referred to as person responses. In contrast, parents who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or
strategy use, to their performance are using process responses.
For the study, researchers asked more than 500 parents to report on how they responded to their children’s math
performance and their math beliefs and goals. Children were assessed in two waves across a year to measure their math
motivation and achievement.
The results show that parents who view math ability as changeable are more likely to give process responses
focused on their children’s strategy use and efforts rather than their intelligence or other personal characteristics. In
contrast, parents who believe math ability is unchangeable and that math failure can’t be constructive give more person
responses. Parents with high expectations for their children give a combination of both responses. While responses
highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who receive more responses
about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure — are more likely to avoid harder math problems,
exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests.
Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this
type of responses at home. Another recommendation for parents is to think about their own beliefs and goals for theirkids and examine how these might lead them to respond in person or process ways. Simply telling parents to avoid
talking about math ability may not be enough. Focusing less on how children perform and more on their strategy and
enjoyment of math might be a more effective way to enhance motivation.
25．Which of the following is an example of process response?
A．You are a lucky dog.
B．Running is in your blood.
C．What works well for your study?
D．Why are you such a math genius?
26．What can be inferred from the study results?
A．Parents prefer to give more process responses.
B．Children are more likely to be affected by math anxiety.
C．Process responses help with children’s math achievement.
D．Person responses can discourage children from learning math.
27．What do researchers advise parents to do?
A．Restrict person responses.
B．Defend their own beliefs.
C．Stress children’s performance.
D．Ignore children’s math problems.
28．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Strategy Children Adopt to Learn Math Helps
B．The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math Matters
C．Responses to Enhance Children’s Math Performance
D．Suggestions for Parents to Teach Their Children Math
【答案】25．C 26．D 27．A 28．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要内容是说父母对孩子的数学学习做出不同的反应，会对孩子产生不
同的作用；用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩，所以建议家
长在家里限制这种类型的反应。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“Parents who make comments linking their children’s performance to
personal characteristics like intelligence are using what’s referred to as person responses. In contrast, parents
who link their children’s actions, such as efforts or strategy use, to their performance are using process responses.
(将孩子的表现与智力等个人特征联系起来的父母使用的是所谓的‘个人反应’。相比之下，将孩子的行为(如
努力或策略的使用)与他们的表现联系起来的父母使用的是‘过程反应’)”可知，使用“过程反应”的父母，将
孩子的行为（如努力或策略的使用）与他们的表现联系起来，而C项“What works well for your study?（什么
试卷第14页，共41页对你的学习有帮助?）”谈论的是孩子的学习策略，属于“过程反应”。故填C项。
26．推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“Recently, a new study, conducted by the University of Georgia, found that
encouraging children with responses related to their personal characteristics or inborn abilities might weaken
their math motivation and achievement over time.(最近，佐治亚大学进行的一项新研究发现，随着时间的推移
用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩)”和第四段最后一句
“While responses highlighting strategy and efforts are not related to any achievement outcomes, children who
receive more responses about their personal characteristics — in particular, related to failure — are more likely to
avoid harder math problems, exhibit higher levels of math anxiety, and score lower on math achievement tests.(虽
然强调策略和努力的反应与任何成绩结果无关，但收到更多关于个人特征——特别是与失败有关——反应的孩
子，更有可能避免更难的数学问题，表现出更高水平的数学焦虑，在数学成绩测试中得分更低)”可知，“个人
反应”会阻碍孩子学习数学。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话“Because person responses predict poor math adjustment in
children over time, researchers suggest parents limit this type of responses at home.(由于“个人反应”预示着随
着时间的推移，孩子的数学适应能力会下降，研究人员建议家长在家里限制这种类型的反应)”可知，研究人员
建议家长在家里限制“个人反映”这种类型的反应。故填A项。
28．主旨大意题。这篇文章主要内容是说父母对孩子的数学学习做出不同的反应，会对孩子产生不同的作用；
用与个人特征或天生能力相关的反应来鼓励孩子，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成绩，所以建议家长在家里限
制这种类型的反应。所以B项“The Way Parents Talk to Children on Math Matters(父母与孩子谈论数学的方式
很重要)”作为本文的题目与文章主题相符合。故选B项。
08（2023·浙江·校联考模拟预测）A walk around the workplace is also a trip back in time. The office is where
colleagues meet, work and bond. But it is also a time capsule, a place where the traces of historic patterns of working are
visible everywhere. The pandemic has heightened this sense of office as a dig site for corporate archaeologists.
The most obvious object is the landline phone(固定电话), a reminder of the days when mobility meant being able
to stand up and keep talking. Long after people have junked them in their personal lives - less than 15% of Americans
aged between 25 and 34 had one at home in the second half of 2021- landline phones survive in offices.
There might be good reasons for its persistence: they offer a more secure and stable connection than mobile phones,
and no one worries that they are about to run out of battery. In practice, the habit of using them was definitely lost during
the pandemic. Now they sit on desk after desk, rows of buttons unpressed, ring tones unheard.
Landline phones were already well on their way out before covid-19 struck. Whiteboard charts have suffered a
swifter reverse. These objects signal a particular type of pain- people physically crowded together into a room while a
manager sketches a graph with a marker pen and points meaningfully to the top-right-hand corner, giving requirements
never to be satisfied. This manager is still making graphs but is now much more likely to use a PowerPoint. The crowd is
still being tortured but is now much more likely to be watching on the screen. The office still has whiteboards, but theyare left in corners and the charts on them are slowly yellowing.
Real archaeologists need tools and time to do their painstaking work: brushes, shovels and picks. Corporate
archaeology is easier: you just need eyes and a memory of how things used to be. But you also need to be quick as more
and more work places are revamped for the post-pandemic era. Now its time to take a careful look around the office:
you may see something that will soon seem outdated.
29．Why does the author refer to the office as a time capsule?
A．You can travel back in time in the office.
B．You can dig out what has been buried for years in the office.
C．You can easily find some old-fashioned practices in the office.
D．You can work with archaeologists to study the history in the office.
30．What can be inferred from Paragraph 3 and 4?
A．Whiteboard charts went useless due to new technologies.
B．More employees prefer online meetings to physical gatherings.
C．Landline phones still exist in offices because they don’t need batteries.
D．Many employees show a negative attitude to some routine work in companies.
31．What does the underlined word “revamped” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A．Transformed. B．Abandoned.
C．Discovered. D．Reserved.
32．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Impact of Pandemic on Workplace B．The Archaeology of the Office
C．Why Landline Phones Went Outdated? D．The History of Old-fashioned Objects
【答案】29．C 30．D 31．A 32．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在经历了疫情之后，办公室也有了很大的变化，作者借办公室考
古为名，讲解了办公室的几个变化。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But it is also a time capsule, a place where the traces of historic patterns of
working are visible everywhere.(但它也是一个时间胶囊，一个随处可见历史工作模式痕迹的地方。)”可知，作
者认为办公室是一个时间胶囊是因为在办公室可以看到一些过时的办公模式。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据第四段“These objects signal a particular type of pain- people physically crowded
together into a room while a manager sketches a graph with a marker pen and points meaningfully to the top-
right-hand corner, giving requirements never to be satisfied. This manager is still making graphs but is now much
more likely to use a PowerPoint. The crowd is still being tortured but is now much more likely to be watching on
the screen. The office still has whiteboards, but they are left in corners and the charts on them are slowly
yellowing.(这些物品标志着一种特殊类型的痛苦——人们挤在一个房间里，经理用记号笔勾勒出一张图表，意
试卷第16页，共41页味深长地指向右上角，提出永远无法满足的要求。这位经理仍在制作图表，但现在更有可能使用 PowerPoint。
人们仍在遭受折磨，但现在更有可能在屏幕上观看。办公室里还有白板，但都放在角落里了，上面的图表也慢
慢变黄了。)”可推断，很多员工对于公司的一些日常事务很厌恶，故选D。
31．词义猜测题。根据划线单词前一句“But you also need to be quick(但你也需要迅速行动)”可知，作者认为
读者也应该迅速行动，由此可以判断，越来越多的工作场所也有了变化。选项 A“Transformed. (转变)”；选项
B“Abandoned. (放弃)”；选项C“Discovered. (发现)”；选项D“Reserved. (保留、预定)”。故选A。
32．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The office is where colleagues meet, work and bond. But it is also a time
capsule, a place where the traces of historic patterns of working are visible everywhere. The pandemic has
heightened this sense of office as a dig site for corporate archaeologists. (办公室是同事们见面、工作和交流的地
方。但它也是一个时间胶囊，一个随处可见历史工作模式痕迹的地方。新冠疫情加剧了这种办公室作为企业考
古学家挖掘场所的感觉。)”以及下文内容“The most obvious object is the landline phone(固定电话), a reminder
of the days when mobility meant being able to stand up and keep talking. (最明显的目标是固定电话，它提醒着
人们，移动意味着能够站起来继续说话。)”、“Whiteboard charts have suffered a swifter reverse. (白板图表遭
遇了更快的逆转。)”可知，文章主要讲述了办公室经历了巨大的变化，让企业家们仿佛在考古。所以“The
Archaeology of the Office(办公室考古)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
09（2023·河南·校联考一模）Science reporting on climate change does lead Americans to adopt more accurate
beliefs and support government action on the issue, but these gains are fragile, a new study suggests. Researchers found
that these accurate beliefs fade quickly when people are exposed to coverage skeptical of climate change.
“It is not the case that the American public does not respond to scientifically informed reporting when they are
exposed to it,” said Thomas Wood, associate professor of political science at the Ohio State University. “But even truly
accurate science reporting recedes from people’s frame of reference very quickly.”
Results showed that accurate science reporting didn’t persuade only politicians and people who initially rejected
human-caused climate change also had their opinions shifted by reading accurate articles. The study involved 2,898
online participants who participated in four waves of the experiment during the fall of 2020.
In the first wave, they all read authentic articles in the popular media that provided information reflecting the
seientifie views on climate change. In the second and third waves, they read either another scientific article, an opinion
article that was skeptical of climate science, or an article on an unrelated subjeet. In the fourth wave, the participants
simply were asked their beliefs about the science of climate change and their policy attitudes.
To rate participants’ scientific understanding. the researchers asked after each wave if they believed that climate
change is happening and has a human cause. To measure their attitudes, researchers asked participants if they favored
government action on climate change and if they favored renewable energy.
“What we found suggests that people need to hear the same accurate messages about climate change again and
again. If they only hear it once, it recedes very quickly,” Wood said. It was significant that accurate reporting hadpositive effects on all groups, including those who originally rejected climate change. But it was even more encouraging
that it affected attitudes.
33．What does the underlined word “recedes” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Increases. B．Graduates. C．Disappears. D．Strikes.
34．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A．The research object. B．The research result.
C．The research purpose. D．The research procedure.
35．Why did researchers ask participants the second question?
A．To survey the government’s satisfaction rate.
B．To make an assessment on their attitudes.
C．To teach them scientific understanding.
D．To measure action on climate change.
36．What can be the best title for the text?
A．Science Report Of Climate Change Can Affect Minds
B．Online Participants Joined In A Four-Wave Experiment
C．Accurate Science Reporting Don’t Persuade Only Politicians
D．People Should Hear Accurate Messages About Climate Change
【答案】33．C 34．D 35．B 36．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述一项研究表明，气候变化的科学报道可以影响人们的思维。
33．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Researchers found that these accurate beliefs fade quickly when people are
exposed to coverage skeptical of climate change.(研究人员发现，当人们接触到对气候变化持怀疑态度的报道时，
这些准确的信念很快就会消失)”以及划线词前一句“It is not the case that the American public does not respond
to scientifically informed reporting when they are exposed to it(美国公众在接触到科学报道时，并不是没有反
应)”可知，划线词所在句与上文是转折关系，表示美国公众在接触到科学报道时虽然会产生反应，但是报道的
内容很快就会从人们的参照系中消失，recedes意为“消失”。故选C。
34．主旨大意题。根据第四段内容，结合“In the first wave(在第一波中)”、“In the second and third waves(在
第二、三波中)”以及“In the fourth wave(在第四波中)”可知，本段主要讲述了研究的过程。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“To measure their attitudes, researchers asked participants if they favored
government action on climate change and if they favored renewable energy.(为了衡量他们的态度，研究人员询问
参与者是否赞成政府对气候变化采取行动，以及是否赞成可再生能源)”可知，研究人员询问参与者第二个问题
是为了评估他们的态度。故选B。
36．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Science reporting on climate change does lead Americans to
adopt more accurate beliefs and support government action on the issue(一项新的研究表明，关于气候变化的科
试卷第18页，共41页学报道确实会让美国人采取更准确的信念)”和最后一段中“It was significant that accurate reporting had
positive effects on all groups, including those who originally rejected climate change. But it was even more
encouraging that it affected attitudes.(重要的是，准确的报道对所有群体都有积极影响，包括那些最初反对气候
变化的群体。但更令人鼓舞的是，它影响了人们的态度)”可知，本文主要讲述气候变化的科学报道可以影响人
们的思维。故选A。
10（2023·山西临汾·统考一模）After a day’s labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接)
together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的)cable. It will stay buried in the
snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.
Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber
optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the
bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is too costly or difficult.
The technique used by Fichtner’s team is called distributed acoustic sensing, or DAS. “It’s almost like radar in the
fiber,” says the physicist Giuseppe Marra of the United Kingdom’s National Physical Laboratory, in Teddington. While
radar uses reflected radio waves to locate objects, DAS uses reflected light to detect events as varied as earthquake
activity and moving traffic, and to determine where they occurred. Inside the cables are optical fibers. DAS involves
shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to
disturbances in the environment. When the earth’s surface vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can
identify these small changes.
The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology are booming, good old-fashioned
cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans. Repurposing cables could give scientists the
ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach. They could help detect earthquakes and tsunamis a
few seconds earlier than traditional warning systems.
In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In the recent years,
scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault (断层) information. It is believed that fiber-
optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.
37．What is the purpose of the work of Fichtner’s team?
A．To track volcanic activities. B．To strike oil under the sea.
C．To lengthen fiber-optic cables. D．To keep fibers covered in the snow.
38．What can we learn about the technique of DAS?
A．It determines when and where disasters occurs.
B．It uses radio waves to locate moving objects.
C．It improves the efficiency of transmitting light.
D．It detects tiny variation of the earth’s surface.39．What does the underlined expression “Repurposing cables” probably mean?
A．Recycling cables in new fields. B．Adapting cables for a new function.
C．Installing cables beneath volcanoes. D．Promoting cables into massive production.
40．What is the best title for the text?
A．DAS Is Feeling the Heartbeat of Volcanoes
B．Satellite Technology Is Booming in Our Times
C．Underground Cables Are Taking the Planet’s Pulse
D．Fiber-optic Cables Are Giving Us Insights into Earthquakes
【答案】37．A 38．D 39．B 40．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来会给我们带来很大的
好处。
37．细节理解题。根据第一段“After a day’s labor, Andreas Fichtner and his colleagues have spliced (绞接)
together three segments of fibers, creating a 12.5-kilometer-long fiber-optic (光学的)cable. It will stay buried in
the snow to spy on the activity of Grfmsvotn, a dangerous, glacier-covered volcano.”（经过一天的劳动，Andreas
Fichtner和他的同事们将三段纤维拼接在一起，形成了一根 12.5公里长的光纤电缆。它将被埋在雪中，监视
Grfmsvotn火山的活动，这是一座危险的冰川覆盖的火山。）可知，Fichtner团队工作的目的是追踪火山活动。
故选A项。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段中“DAS involves shooting quick pulses of laser light down the fiber and detecting
bits of light that scatter back to the laser source due to disturbances in the environment. When the earth’s surface
vibrates and shifts, it pulls the cables, so a detector can identify these small changes.”（DAS包括沿光纤发射快速
激光脉冲，并检测由于环境干扰而散射回激光源的光位。当地球表面振动和移动时，它会拉动电缆，所以探测
器可以识别这些微小的变化。）可知，我们可以从DAS技术中了解到它能探测到地球表面的微小变化。故选D
项。
39．词义猜测题。根据第四段中“The New York Times points out that although wireless and satellite technology
are booming, good old-fashioned cables are still the most efficient way to send information across oceans.”（《纽
约时报》指出，尽管无线和卫星技术正在蓬勃发展，但老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式。）
提出老式的电缆仍然是跨越海洋发送信息的最有效方式，以及划线单词句中的“…could give scientists the
ability to monitor high-risk zones that were previously hard to reach.”（可以使科学家能够监测以前难以到达的
高风险地区。）可猜测，划线单词 Repurposing cables为“重新调整电缆用途”，结合选项 B项Adapting
cables for a new function“为新功能改造电缆”意思一致。故选B项。
40．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第二段“Fichtner, a geophysicist at the Swiss Federal Institute of
Technology, in Zurich, is one of the researchers using fiber optics to take the pulse of our planet. Much of their
试卷第20页，共41页work is done in remote places, from the tops of volcanoes to the bottoms of seas, where traditional monitoring is
too costly or difficult.”（Fichtner是苏黎世瑞士联邦理工学院的地球物理学家，他是使用光纤测量地球脉动的研
究人员之一。他们的大部分工作是在偏远的地方完成的，从火山顶部到海底，传统的监测太昂贵或太困难。）
和最后一段“In addition, fiber-optic cables could also help solve some of the biggest challenges for humans. In
the recent years, scientists have started to use them to measure ocean waves and access fault information. It is
believed that fiber-optic cables will serve to benefit us greatly in the future.”（此外，光纤电缆还可以帮助解决人
类面临的一些最大挑战。近年来，科学家们已经开始使用它们来测量海浪和获取故障信息。人们相信光纤电缆
在将来会给我们带来很大的好处。）可知，文章主要讲的是地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏以及光纤电缆在将来
会给我们带来很大的好处。故文章最好的标题是“地下电缆正在测量地球的脉搏”。故选C项。
11（2023·福建厦门·厦门一中校考二模）Technology caused the problem of false news, and it’s easy to think that
technology can solve it and that we only need to find the right technology to solve the problem. But this approach
ignores valuable lessons concerned with how we acquire knowledge.
To understand how false news comes, start with an example. Imagine you’re out for drinks when one of your
friends shocks the table with an unproven story about a local famous people. The story is so shocking you’re not sure it
could be right. But then, here’s your good friend, putting their reputation on the line. Maybe you should believe it.
This is an instance of what philosophers call testimony (证词). It’s similar to the sort of testimony given in a
courtroom, but it is less formal and much more frequent. Testimony happens any time you believe something because
someone else proves the accuracy of the information. Most of our knowledge about the world is secondhand knowledge
that comes to us through testimony. After all, we can’t each do all of our own scientific research, or make our own maps
of distant cities.
Social media has strange testimonial rules, and it is hard to solve the problem of false news. On Facebook, Twitter
and similar platforms, people don’t always mean what they say, and we don’t always expect them to. A the informal
Twitter: advertisement goes: “A retweet (转发推文) is not an approval.” When a well-known politician was caught
retweeting false statistics about race and crime, he told Fox News it wasn’t a big deal: “am I gonna check every statistic?
All it was is a retweet. It wasn’t from me.” Intellectually (理智上), we know that people do this all of the time on social
media, and pass along news without checking its accuracy, but many of us listen to them anyway. The information they
share is just too attractive to ignore-especially when it is about our existing political beliefs.
41．Why do we tend to believe surprising news over drinks?
A．We’ve confirmed it.
B．We may be drunken.
C．We find it amazing.
D．We trust in our friends.
42．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 3?A．The statement in court.
B．The talk in a restaurant.
C．The evidence of a crime.
D．The testimony of a philosopher.
43．Why is it easy for us to believe the content producers on social media?
A．We are tolerant of their actions.
B．Social media have issued odd regulations.
C．We will identify with them readily.
D．Social media don’t check the information.
44．What may be the best title for the text?
A．How to Fix False News
B．How Incorrect Information Arrives
C．What Information to Acquire
D．When Testimony Disturbs Audience
【答案】41．D 42．B 43．C 44．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们总认为技术可以解决假新闻这个问题，其实不然，文章分析
了假新闻是如何产生的。
41．细节理解题。根据第二段“Imagine you’re out for drinks when one of your friends shocks the table with an
unproven story about a local famous people. The story is so shocking you’re not sure it could be right. But then,
here’s your good friend, putting their reputation on the line. Maybe you should believe it. (想象一下，当你出去
喝酒时，你的一个朋友说了一个关于当地名人的未经证实的故事，震惊了整个桌子。这个故事太令人震惊了，
你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着名誉风险。也许你应该相信。)”可知，你是因为相信自己的朋
友才相信这则消息。故选D。
42．词义猜测题。根据划线单词前一句“This is an instance of what philosophers call testimony (证词).(这就是
哲学家们所说的“证词”。)”以及“It’s similar to the sort of testimony given in a courtroom, (它类似于法庭上的
证词，)”可知，这个“it”指的正是哲学家所说的“证词”，而这个证词指的是第二段的“Imagine you’re out
for drinks when one of your friends shocks the table with an unproven story about a local famous people. The
story is so shocking you’re not sure it could be right. But then, here’s your good friend, putting their reputation
on the line. Maybe you should believe it. (想象一下，当你出去喝酒时，你的一个朋友说了一个关于当地名人的
未经证实的故事，震惊了整个桌子。这个故事太令人震惊了，你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着
名誉风险。也许你应该相信。)”可知，这个it所指的正是在餐厅里的谈话。故选B。
43．推理判断题。根据第三段“Testimony happens any time you believe something because someone else proves
试卷第22页，共41页the accuracy of the information.(任何时候，当你相信某件事，因为别人证明了该信息的准确性时，证词就会发
生。)”和最后一段“Intellectually (理智上), we know that people do this all of the time on social media, and pass
along news without checking its accuracy, but many of us listen to them anyway. The information they share is
just too attractive to ignore-especially when it is about our existing political beliefs.(理智上，我们知道人们在社交
媒体上一直都是这样做的，并且在不检查准确性的情况下传递新闻，但我们中的许多人还是会听它们。他们分
享的信息太有吸引力了，不容忽视——尤其是当它涉及到我们现有的政治信仰时。)”可推断，我们会很容易地
与社交媒体上的内容生产者产生共鸣。故选C。
44．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“But this approach ignores valuable lessons concerned with how we acquire
knowledge.(但是，这种方法忽略了与我们如何获得知识有关的宝贵经验。)”、第二段“To understand how false
news comes, start with an example. (要了解假新闻是如何产生的，请从一个例子开始。)”以及最后一段“Social
media has strange testimonial rules, and it is hard to solve the problem of false news.(社交媒体有着奇怪的证言规
则，虚假新闻的问题很难解决。)”可知，本文解释了假新闻是如何产生的。所以“How Incorrect Information
Arrives(不正确的信息是如何产生的)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
12（2023·黑龙江大庆·统考二模）Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to the
lives of their residents. Once water disappears down a pipe or toilet, it’s out of sight, out of mind. The water flows into
containers that carry rainwater, wastewater and solid waste away. There are three main types of sewers (下水道):
sanitary sewers, storm sewers and combined sewers. Among them, sanitary sewers function as a city’s veins (静脉).
Water containing human and industrial waste is collected in sanitary sewers and carried to wastewater treatment plants.
There, the solid waste is separated from the water, which is then purified before being released back into the
environment. It will be reused for industrial, agricultural or environmental purposes. Furthermore, the gas from water
treatment can be used to produce energy. They not only contribute to a healthy environment and good quality of life, but
also achieve the goal of sustainable development.
While wastewater collection and treatment are critical to the health of urban residents, storm sewers also play an
important role. In urban areas, green has given way to concrete. As a consequence, there has been a loss of the land’s
natural water retention as concrete cannot take in rain-water. When an extreme weather event causes heavy rain, storm
sewers must cope with the water, so it does not flood the city. However, storm sewers are only part of the solution to
water management and flood prevention.
To reduce flooding, an integrated urban management plan has been adopted, where all the factors — storm sewers,
land planning and economic development — are considered together. Engineering innovations, additional facilities and
increased green space requirements in new development projects have improved water retention in cities.
Sewers help improve urban public health, prevent urban flooding and boost environmental protection. Together they
protect vital water resources and maintain the safety of people and property.
45．What’s the function of sanitary sewers?A．Cleaning dirty water. B．Collecting solid waste.
C．Delivering used water. D．Producing useful gas.
46．What does the underlined word “retention” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Absorption. B．Treatment. C．Purification. D．Distribution.
47．What’s the author’s purpose of writing paragraph 4?
A．To explain a complicated theory. B．To provide supporting facts.
C．To raise improved suggestions. D．To describe a recent phenomenon.
48．What is the best title for the text?
A．Urban Unseen Network B．Modern City’s Management
C．Extreme Weather’s Solution D．Wastewater’s Potential Threat
【答案】45．C 46．A 47．B 48．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市下方看不见的管道网络：下水道。
45．细节理解题。根据第一段第六句“Water containing human and industrial waste is collected in sanitary
sewers and carried to wastewater treatment plants. (含有人类和工业废物的水被收集在卫生下水道中，并被输送
到废水处理厂)”可知，卫生下水道主要用于收集好废水，然后输送到废水处理厂。故选C项。
46．词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“In urban areas, green has given way to concrete. (在城市地区，绿地已被
混凝土所取代)”可知，很多城市绿地被混凝土地面代替；根据第二段划线句后部分“concrete cannot take in
rain-water (混凝土不能吸收雨水)”及常识可知，混凝土无法吸收雨水，因此大量的混凝土地面可能导致土地无
法吸收到雨水，从而使自然蓄水量减少。由此推知，划线词retention与absorption意思接近，即“吸收水后储
存在土地中”。故选A项。
47．推理判断题。根据第四段“Sewers help improve urban public health, prevent urban flooding and boost
environmental protection. Together they protect vital water resources and maintain the safety of people and
property. (下水道有助于改善城市公共卫生，防止城市洪水，促进环境保护。它们共同保护重要的水资源，维护
人身和财产安全)”可知，本段从改善城市公共卫生，防止洪水等方面说明了下水道对城市生活有很大的帮助。
由此推知，作者写第四段的目的是提供支持性事实。故选B项。
48．主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Far below every town and city lies an invisible network of pipes crucial to
the lives of their residents. (在每个城镇的下方，都有一个对居民生活至关重要的看不见的管道网络)”可知，本文
主要介绍了城市下方的看不见的管道网络。由此可知，Urban Unseen Network适合作本文最佳标题。故选A项。
13（2023·安徽宿州·统考一模）A man paralyzed from the neck down has gained the ability to type words with
his brain about as fast as the average smartphone user, a new study says.
This “mindwriting” was done through a science-fiction sounding brain-computer interface (BCI) (接口) that picked
up neural signals and fed them into an algorithm (算法) which translated them into letters. The secret to the success, and
试卷第24页，共41页why this particular BCI was able to produce words at such a faster rate than other BCIs in the past, was that it tracked the
brain signals of the patient, known as T5, as he imagined writing them down with a pen—a skill which remains in our
motor skill system for years after paralysis.
“With this BCI, our study participant achieved typing speeds of 90 characters per minute,” wrote the study group,
whose paper can be read in Nature. “To our knowledge, these typing speeds exceed (超过) those reported for any other
BCI, and are comparable to typical smartphone typing speeds of individuals in the age group of our participant.” The
study had conducted other trials with different BCIs before, in which they used eye-monitoring equipment, but found it
required tremendous attention and focus from the user.
The new BCI isn’t yet developed enough to be called a prototype, meaning it will likely be years before more
paralysis victims can regain their ability to communicate. However, this also means the room for improvement is much
higher, explained one scientist, speaking with CNN.
49．How does mindwriting work?
A．It improves motor skill system. B．It tracks people’s hand signals.
C．It writes signals down with pens. D．It translates neural signals into words.
50．How do the study group support their findings?
A．By giving examples. B．By analyzing causes.
C．By making reference. D．By making comparisons.
51．What does the underlined word “prototype” mean in the last paragraph?
A．Thought. B．Model. C．Reminder. D．Barrier.
52．What’s the most suitable title for the text?
A．A New BCI Picks up Neural Signals
B．Mindwriting Helps Paralyzed Patients Write Fast
C．Paralyzed Patients Write as Fast as Smartphone Users
D．Paralysis Victims Regain Social Skills through Mindwriting
【答案】49．D 50．D 51．B 52．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家通过心灵书写的方式帮助瘫痪病人打字更快的事情。
49．细节理解题。根据第二段“This “mindwriting” was done through a science-fiction sounding brain-computer
interface (BCI) (接口) that picked up neural signals and fed them into an algorithm (算法) which translated them
into letters.”（这种“心灵书写”是通过一个听起来像科幻小说的脑机接口，该接口接收神经信号并将其输入算
法，然后将其转换成字母。）可知，心灵书写的工作方式是把神经信号翻译成词汇。故选D项。
50．推理判断题。根据第三段““To our knowledge, these typing speeds exceed (超过) those reported for any
other BCI, and are comparable to typical smartphone typing speeds of individuals in the age group of ourparticipant.””（“据我们所知，这种打字速度超过了任何其他BCI报告的打字速度，与我们的参与这个年龄组
的人的典型智能手机打字速度相当。”）可知，研究小组是通过把 BCI的打字速度和同龄人智能手机的打字速
度做对比的方式支撑他们的结果。故选D项。
51．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“However, this also means the room for improvement is much higher, explained
one scientist, speaking with CNN.”（然而，一位科学家在接受CNN采访时解释说，这也意味着改善的空间更
大。）可知，新的BCI仍有改善的空间说明它现在不能作为样本被使用，选项B“样本”，符合句意。故选B
项。
52．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A man paralyzed from the neck down has gained the ability to type words with
his brain about as fast as the average smartphone user, a new study says.”（一项新的研究显示，一个脖子以下瘫
痪的人获得了用脑子打字的能力，大约和普通智能手机用户打字的速度差不多。）可知，本文的主题是介绍心
灵书写帮助瘫痪病人打字更快。故选B项。
14（2023·重庆·统考模拟预测）Last April, Elon Musk, the world’s richest man, attempted a takeover of Twitter,
for $ 44 billion, which quickly turned into public controversy and court battles. But the most interesting part of the story
is the more fundamental question: Why would Musk want to buy Twitter in the first place?
If you look at the size of Twitter, its appeal isn’t obvious. The company makes a relatively small profit each year,
and in terms of the number of users, Twitter has around 436 million users every month, which is still a long way behind
the likes of Facebook (near three billion), Instagram (two billion), and TikTok (one billion). So why does Musk want to
spend a considerable amount of money on Twitter?
The answer might be what makes Twitter so interesting: it carries enormous cultural power and has an unmatched
ability to shift the course of news and culture. Twitter’s cultural power is easy to see. Click on any random news article,
and there’s a good chance that somewhere in the text, it’s quoting what someone said on Twitter.
What makes the platform important is essentially its clients. Twitter is the place where the most powerful and
influential people like to hang out. Because Twitter is mostly based on short, text-based posts, it is perfect for conveying
information, an argument, or a joke, at enormous speed, making it extremely useful for the likes of politicians,
journalists, executives and celebrities.
What Twitter is really good at is acting as a global watercooler-a persistent backchannel for gossip (流言蜚语),
jokes and informal connections. It’s a place where new ideas emerge, or arguments happen, and because the people doing
the gossiping are important, influential types, what happens on Twitter can actually affect the rest of the world. I think
this explains why Elon Musk might want to pay big money for it. If you own Twitter, you suddenly have a say in the
world’s most important watercooler conversation.
53．What can we know about Twitter?
A．Elon Musk’s purchase of it went smoothly.
B．It has significant power to shape culture.
试卷第26页，共41页C．What people say on Twitter comes from random articles.
D．Its influence can’t compare with those of its competitors.
54．What makes Twitter valuable for its users?
A．The volume of information. B．The potential clients it attracts.
C．The profit it generates. D．The efficiency of spreading ideas.
55．According to the author, why might Elon Musk want to buy Twitter?
A．To promote new ideas. B．To improve its products.
C．To have a greater voice. D．To control powerful people.
56．What is the best title for the text?
A．Why Is Twitter so Valuable?
B．Who Are Twitter’s Target Users?
C．What Did Elon Musk Do to Twitter?
D．How Does Twitter Dominate the World?
【答案】53．B 54．D 55．C 56．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍马斯克当初为什么要重金收购推特（Twitter）。
53．细节理解题。根据第三段“it carries enormous cultural power and has an unmatched ability to shift the
course of news and culture. (它承载着巨大的文化力量，具有无与伦比的改变新闻和文化进程的能力。)”可知，
推特有塑造文化的巨大能力。故选B项。
54．细节理解题。根据第四段“Because Twitter is mostly based on short, text-based posts, it is perfect for
conveying information, an argument, or a joke, at enormous speed, making it extremely useful for the likes of
politicians, journalists, executives and celebrities. (由于Twitter主要基于简短的文本帖子，因此它非常适合以极
快的速度传递信息、争论或笑话，因此对政治家、记者、高管和名人等非常有用。)”可知，推特快速传播信息
的能力对它的用户来说很有用。故选D项。
55．细节理解题。在最后一段“I think this explains why Elon Musk might want to pay big money for it. If you
own Twitter, you suddenly have a say in the world’s most important watercooler conversation. (我认为这解释了
为什么埃隆·马斯克可能会为此付出重金。如果你拥有Twitter，你会突然在世界上重要的茶水间谈话中有了发
言权。)”可知，作者认为埃隆·马斯克出重金购买Twitter是为了有更大的发言权。故选C项。
56．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Last April, Elon Musk, the world’s richest man, attempted a takeover of Twitter,
for $ 44 billion, which quickly turned into public controversy and court battles. But the most interesting part of
the story is the more fundamental question: Why would Musk want to buy Twitter in the first place? (去年4月，
世界首富埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）试图以440亿美元的价格收购推特（Twitter），此举很快引发了公众争议
和法庭诉讼。但故事中有趣的部分是一个更根本的问题：马斯克当初为什么要收购推特？)”可知，这篇文章开头说明了埃隆·马斯克斥巨资收购推特的情况，然后引出核心问题：“为什么他愿意为推特花大价钱？”。因此
A项“为什么推特如此值钱”可以作为文章的最佳标题，吸引读者。故选A项。
15（2023·山西·校联考模拟预测）Baby deer, also known as fawns, are born with white spots on their body,
especially in the first few weeks of their life when they are Incapable of moving. Basically, fawns with spots managed to
survive more than fawns without spots. This gene has become dominant, and now, most fawns are born with spots.
Their mother generally hides the young babies in deep bushes, high grasslands, or under plants in the woods. The
white spots on their reddish-brown body fur allow them to mix easily with the forest surroundings and don’t make them
to stand out, avoiding them from getting discerned easily.
More than the color, the pattern of these spots on the baby deer’s body is also of more importance. This is because
the majority of the animal species, particularly those living out in the wild don’t have a great color vision, especially
when compared to humans. The pattern of the white spots on the fawns helps them to hide among the tall grass and
bushes and prevents them from easily getting spotted from a distance. The sun enter deep into the forest, through the
branches and leaves of tall trees, and creates a pattern of darker and lighter zones on the forest ground, much like spots
on a fawn.
Moreover, they don’t bear any kind of smell during this phase of their life which further helps them in avoiding
detection. Along with this, they have got a strong sense to observe the presence of hunters nearby, after which they can
lower their heartbeat. This further helps them to hide and be perfectly still.
Undoubtedly, spots on the fawn’s body are a method of protection to fawns. Once they survive the initial few weeks
in this world, they become capable of moving around on their own and hence don’t require the extra layer of safety, the
white spots start to fade from their body.
57．What does the underlined word “discerned” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Polluted. B．Rescued.
C．Detected. D．Revealed.
58．Why is the pattern of spots so important?
A．Because it helps the defenseless fawns stay safe.
B．Because it helps wildlife improve their color sense.
C．Because it allows the sunlight to get through forest.
D．Because it prohibits fawns hiding in the bushy grass.
59．How does the passage mainly develop?
A．By giving different kinds of examples.
B．By describing the changes in space order.
C．By pointing out similarities and differences.
D．By showing facts and explaining reasons.
试卷第28页，共41页60．Which can be a suitable title for the passage?
A．When do Baby Deer Lose White Spots?
B．Why do Baby Deer Have White Spots?
C．How do Mother Deer Find Their Fawns?
D．How do Mother Deer Protect Baby Deer?
【答案】57．C 58．A 59．D 60．B
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。长有白色斑点的小鹿比没有斑点的小鹿活得更久，现在小鹿出生时都有白色斑点，
这些斑点使小鹿与周围环境混合，避免他们被敌人发现，直到他们能自己移动，白色的斑点才会消失。文章介
绍并分析了小鹿能安全度过刚出生的几个星期的身体特征。
57．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The white spots on their reddish-brown body fur allow them to mix easily with
the forest surroundings and don’t make them to stand out, avoiding them from getting discerned easily. (红褐色身
体皮毛上的白色斑点使它们很容易与森林环境混在一起，不会让它们显得很突出，避免它们轻易被
discerned。)”可知，小鹿的红褐色身体皮毛上的白色斑点，是一种保护色，使小鹿能在森林环境中不被发现，
discerned意思为“看出，觉察出”，与Detected (查明，察觉)意思相近。故选C项。
58．推理判断题。根据第三段“The pattern of the white spots on the fawns helps them to hide among the tall
grass and bushes and prevents them from easily getting spotted from a distance. The sun enter deep into the
forest, through the branches and leaves of tall trees, and creates a pattern of darker and lighter zones on the forest
ground, much like spots on a fawn. (小鹿身上白色斑点的图案有助于它们隐藏在高大的草地和灌木丛中，防止它
们从远处被发现。阳光透过高大树木的枝叶，进入森林深处，在森林地面上形成了一种暗亮相间的图案，就像
小鹿身上的斑点一样。)”可知，阳光透过树叶在森林地面形成的暗亮相间的图案，与刚出生不久的小鹿身上的
斑点图案一样，使小鹿能融入环境中，不被敌人发现，起到了保护小鹿的作用。故选A项。
59．推理判断题。通读全文，文章解释了刚出生几周，还不会移动的小鹿如何安全躲过敌人，其中，身上的白
色斑点、斑点的图案，以及它的体味、心跳特点都是保护小鹿安全的方法，直到他们能自己移动，白色的斑点
才会消失。文章罗列了以上原因，并进行了分析。这篇文章主要是通过展示事实和说明原因来展开，故选D项。
60．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其第一段“Baby deer, also known as fawns, are born with white spots on their
body, especially in the first few weeks of their life when they are Incapable of moving. Basically, fawns with spots
managed to survive more than fawns without spots. This gene has become dominant, and now, most fawns are
born with spots. (小鹿，也被称为幼鹿，出生时身上有白点，尤其是在它们无法移动的最初几周。基本上，有斑
点的小鹿比没有斑点的小鹿更能生存。这个基因已经成为主导，现在，大多数小鹿天生就有斑点。)”可知，本
文主要介绍为了更好的生存，现在新出生的小鹿身上都有白色的斑点，文章对此进行了解释。B项“Why do
Baby Deer Have White Spots? (为什么小鹿会有白斑？)”为标题，比较贴切。故选B项。
16（2023春·浙江·高三校联考开学考试）The human brain is the most complex and poorly understood biologicalstructure known to man. Our human brain is relatively large for our body size and wrinkled in comparison to other
animals’ brains. Across species, brain size and wrinkle number is related to intelligence.
University of Copenhagen researchers have made an incredible discovery seeking to learn more about the
mammalian (哺乳动物的) brain. A vital enzyme, a special material, allows brain signals to be transmitted or transported.
The enzyme is randomly turning on and off, even taking hours-long “breaks from work.” These discoveries could have a
significant impact on our understanding of the brain and the development of medicines. The discovery is featured on the
cover of Nature.
Millions of neurons (神经元) are constantly communicating with one another, shaping thoughts and memories and
allowing us to move our bodies at will. Neurotransmitters are transported from one neuron to another by a unique
enzyme when two neurons meet to exchange a message.
This process is necessary for neuronal communication as well as the survival of all complex organisms (extremely
small living things). Until now, researchers all over the world assumed that these enzymes were constantly active,
transmitting vital signals. However, this is not the case.
It is almost impossible to understand that the extremely critical process of loading neurotransmitters in containers is
carried out by only one cell per container. Especially when we find that 40% of the time these cells are switched off.
Using a new method, researchers from the Department of Chemistry at the University of Copenhagen closely
examined the enzyme and discovered that its activity switches on and off at random periods of time, contradicting our
previous understanding.
“Contrary to popular belief, and unlike many other proteins, these enzymes could stop working for minutes to
hours. Still, the brains of humans and other mammals are miraculously able to function,” says Professor Dimitrios
Stamou, who led the study from the research center at the University of Copenhagen’s Department of Chemistry.
61．What is implied in the second paragraph?
A．The enzyme is continuously turning on and off.
B．Enzyme does not affect the transmission of brain signals.
C．No enzyme has been found in the mammalian brain so far.
D．Scientists used to think the special enzyme does not take a break.
62．How could we move our bodies as we like?
A．The communication between neurons happens without stop.
B．We shape our thoughts though we may not have good memories.
C．The newly found unique enzyme is at the most time switched off.
D．Neurotransmitters transport a unique enzyme from one neuron to another.
63．Why do the scientists think the discovery unbelievable?
A．There is enzyme in mammalian brains.
试卷第30页，共41页B．Mammalian brains function as human’s.
C．One cell can have such an important function.
D．40% of the critical cells are actually switched off.
64．What can be the best title for the passage?
A．A Surprising Significant Finding about Mammalian Brains
B．A Very Important Research Led by Professor Dimittrios Stamou
C．Researches on Brains of Animals Being Carried out By Scientists
D．A Completely New Method Employed by the Department of Chemistry
【答案】61．D 62．A 63．C 64．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了对哺乳动物大脑的令人难以置信的发现——一种重要的酶，一种特
殊的物质，允许大脑信号被传输。这种酶是随机开启和关闭的，甚至需要几个小时的“休息时间”。
61．推理判断题。根据文章第二段内容“University of Copenhagen researchers have made an incredible
discovery seeking to learn more about the mammalian brain. A vital enzyme, a special material, allows brain
signals to be transmitted or transported. The enzyme is randomly turning on and off, even taking hours-long
‘breaks from work.’(哥本哈根大学的研究人员在寻求更多了解哺乳动物大脑的过程中取得了令人难以置信的发
现。一种重要的酶，一种特殊的物质，允许大脑信号被传输。这种酶是随机开启和关闭的，甚至需要几个小时
的“休息时间”。)”可知，这种允许大脑信号被传递或运输的酶的开启和关闭是随机的，甚至会休眠几个小时，
而这个发现是令人难以置信的，由此可推知，科学家们以前应是认为负责大脑信号传送的这种特殊的酶是不会
休息的。故选D项。
62．细节理解题。根据文章第三内容“Millions of neurons are constantly communicating with one another,
shaping thoughts and memories and allowing us to move our bodies at will.(数以百万计的神经元不断地相互交流，
塑造思想和记忆，并允许我们随意移动身体。)”可知，神经元之间的不间断交流，形成了思想和记忆，以允许
我们随着意志移动身体。故选A项。
63．推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容“It is almost impossible to understand that the extremely critical process
of loading neurotransmitters in containers is carried out by only one cell per container. Especially when we find
that 40% of the time these cells are switched off.(几乎不可能理解在容器中装载神经递质的极其关键的过程是由
每个容器中只有一个细胞执行的。特别是当我们发现40%的时间这些细胞是关闭的。)”可知，令研究人员难以
相信的是如此复杂关键的过程只由一个细胞执行，而这个细胞 40%的事件却是关闭的。因此可推知，科学家们
认为这一发现令人难以置信的原因在于“惊讶于一个细胞居然有着如此重要的作用”。故选C项。
64．主旨大意题。通读文章内容可知，第二段“University of Copenhagen researchers have made an incredible
discovery seeking to learn more about the mammalian brain. A vital enzyme, a special material, allows brain
signals to be transmitted or transported. The enzyme is randomly turning on and off, even taking hours-long‘breaks from work.’(哥本哈根大学的研究人员在寻求更多了解哺乳动物大脑的过程中取得了令人难以置信的发
现。一种重要的酶，一种特殊的物质，允许大脑信号被传输或传输。这种酶是随机开启和关闭的，甚至需要几
个小时的“休息时间”。)”为主题句，即，文章围绕“这个令人难以置信的发现——一种重要的酶”为话题进
行了阐述，讲述了其令人难以置信的作用和对其进行的进一步验证。选项 A“A Surprising Significant Finding
about Mammalian Brains(关于哺乳动物大脑的一个惊人的重大发现)”贴合主题，作为题目具有吸引力。故选A
项。
17（2023·四川成都·校联考二模）A routine dentist’s tool may help with more than just oral health. A new study
has found that dental imaging scanners can serve as portable devices to track the growth of baby corals(珊瑚虫)—a
crucial predictor of how reefs will fare(生长)during climate change.
Heat stress can kill mature coral reefs and curtail their regrowth. “Growth, reproduction and survival are the main
things that we’re always looking at in terms of how healthy reefs are,” says marine biologist Kate Quigley of the
Australian Institute of Marine Science. By modeling baby corals in 3-D, researchers can track how well they branch,
develop complex shapes and reach reproducing size. If harsh water conditions make corals grow too slowly, a reef won’t
recover.
Corals this small are difficult to model in 3-D; researchers can CT scan them, dip them in wax or laboriously put the
measurements together from a commercial 3-D scanner - but these methods can be slow and provide lower-resolution
views. So one day, as Quigley’s dentist used a scanning device that focused light to create a detailed 3-D tooth model,
Quigley got an idea. If this device could examine the teeth in detail, she thought, it should be able to scan tiny living
corals, too—both teeth and coral are calcium-based and wet.
For a study published in Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Quigley tested the scanning device and found that it
offered a cheap, easy and portable way to model baby corals significantly faster and at higher resolution than currently
available techniques. This tool could let scientists more easily examine how coral species endure stress.
“Baby corals are critical for reef restoration and recovery from disturbances like hurricanes and heat waves.
Unfortunately, they are the stages we know least about because they are so difficult to measure accurately without great
expense,” says Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology researcher Joshua Madin, who was not involved in the study. “This
paper is a great example of taking a mature technology developed in another field and applying it to coral reef science.”
65．Why is it important to study the baby corals?
A．It helps to reduce heat stress. B．It helps to protect the coral reefs.
C．It helps to prevent climate change. D．It helps to improve the marine environment.
66．What does the underlined word “curtail” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Guide. B．Aid. C．Limit. D．Follow.
67．What makes it possible to use dental scanning device to scan the corals?
A．The low price of the scanning devices.
试卷第32页，共41页B．The similarity between corals and teeth.
C．The excellent skills of the dentists and scientists.
D．The assistance of other technologies such as CT scanning.
68．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Improving Scanning Technology B．Fighting Against Climate Change
C．Saving Coral Reefs with Dental Tech D．Protecting Marine Life with Advanced Scanners
【答案】65．B 66．C 67．B 68．C
【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了将牙科检测仪器用于监测珊瑚幼虫生长情况的方法。
65． 细节理解题。根据第一段中“A new study has found that dental imaging scanners can serve as portable
devices to track the growth of baby corals—a crucial predictor of how reefs will fare during climate change.(一项
新的研究发现，牙科成像扫描仪可以作为跟踪小珊瑚生长的便携式设备，这是气候变化期间珊瑚礁如何发展的
关键预测器)”以及最后一段中“Baby corals are critical for reef restoration and recovery from disturbances like
hurricanes and heat waves.(珊瑚幼崽对于珊瑚礁的恢复和从飓风和热浪等干扰中恢复至关重要)”可知，检测珊
瑚幼虫的生长情况，对于保护珊瑚礁有着重要作用。故选B。
66．词句猜测题。根据前文“Heat stress can kill mature coral reefs(热应激会杀死成熟的珊瑚礁)”可知，它会杀
死成熟的珊瑚虫，由此推断它对于珊瑚虫的生长也有消极的影响，所以应该和 limit“限制”意思相近。故选C
项。
67．推理判断题。据第三段“If this device could examine the teeth in detail, she thought, it should be able to
scan tiny living corals, too—both teeth and coral are calcium-based and wet.(她认为，如果这种设备能够详细检
查牙齿，那么它也应该能够扫描微小的活珊瑚——牙齿和珊瑚都是以钙为基础的，而且是湿的)”可知，之所以
能用牙科检测仪器检查珊瑚虫，是因为它们有着相同的性状。故选B项。
68．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“A new study has found that dental imaging scanners can serve as portable
devices to track the growth of baby corals—a crucial predictor of how reefs will fare during climate change.(一项
新的研究发现，牙科成像扫描仪可以作为跟踪小珊瑚生长的便携式设备，这是气候变化期间珊瑚礁如何发展的
关键预测器)”以及最后一段中“Baby corals are critical for reef restoration and recovery from disturbances like
hurricanes and heat waves.(珊瑚幼崽对于珊瑚礁的恢复和从飓风和热浪等干扰中恢复至关重要)”综合全文大意
可知，本文主要介绍了用牙科检查仪器来监测珊瑚幼虫的生长，从而帮助保护珊瑚礁，所以 C项“Saving
Coral Reefs with Dental Tech(用牙科技术拯救珊瑚礁)”是本文最好的标题。故选C项。
18（2023·山东临沂·统考一模）A new kind of solar panel, developed at the University of Michigan, has achieved
high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step in natural photosynthesis(光合
作用). The outdoor version of the experiment, with less reliable sunlight and temperature, achieved 6.1% efficiency at
turning the energy from the sun into hydrogen fuel. However, indoors, the system achieved 9% efficiency.But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen. This is enabled by reducing the size of the
semiconductor(半导体), typically the most expensive part of the device. The team’s self-healing semiconductor
withstands concentrated light equivalent to 160 suns.
“We believe that artificial photosynthesis devices will be much more efficient than natural photosynthesis, which
will provide a path toward carbon neutrality,” said Zetian Mi, U-M professor of electrical and computer engineering who
led the study reported in Nature.
The new technology has two advances. The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the
semiconductor that traps the light. “We reduced the size of the semiconductor by more than 100 times compared to some
semiconductors only working at low light intensity,” said Peng Zhou, U-M research fellow in electrical and computer
engineering and first author of the study. “Hydrogen produced by our technology could be very cheap.”
And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum(光谱) to break down water and the lower
part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. The magic is enabled by a semiconductor catalyst(催化
剂) that improves itself with use, resisting the degradation(降解) that such catalysts usually experience when they trap
sunlight to drive chemical reactions.
The next challenges the team intends to tackle are to further improve the efficiency and to achieve superhigh purity
hydrogen that can be directly fed into fuel cells.
69．What leads to the lower cost of sustainable hydrogen?
A．Solar energy. B．Smaller semiconductors.
C．Natural photosynthesis. D．More concentrated light.
70．What is an advantage of the new technology?
A．A catalyst easily available. B．Creative use of the solar spectrum.
C．Outstanding ability to reflect light. D．A semiconductor working at low light intensity.
71．Why are the two advances of the new solar panel mentioned?
A．To introduce a greener lifestyle. B．To promote its commercial value.
C．To state its technical breakthrough. D．To advertise the potential application.
72．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．A．New Trend in Water Usage B．The Future of Sustainable Hydrogen
C．Solar Energy:More Efficient, Greener D．Cheaper Hydrogen Through Solar Power
【答案】69．B 70．B 71．C 72．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。密歇根大学通过模仿自然的光合作用，开发了一种新型太阳能电池板，它能高效地
将水转化为氢。
69．细节理解题。根据第二段前两句“But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen.
This is enabled by reducing the size of the semiconductor, typically the most expensive part of the device. (但最大
试卷第34页，共41页的好处是降低了可持续氢的成本。这是通过减小半导体的尺寸实现的，半导体通常是设备中最昂贵的部分。)”
可知，导致持续氢的低成本的原因是半导体的尺寸更小了。故选B项。
70．推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“The new technology has two advances. (这项新技术有两个进步。 )”和第
五段第一句“And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum(光谱) to break down
water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction.(第二个进步是利用太阳光
谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。)”可知，这项新技术（新的太阳能
电池板）的一个优势是创造性利用太阳光谱。故选B项。
71．推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the
semiconductor that traps the light. (首先是在不破坏捕获光的半导体的情况下集中太阳光的能力。)”和第五段第
一句“And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum to break down water and the
lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. (第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部
分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。)”可知，文章提到新型太阳能电池板的两项进步
是为了陈述其技术突破。故选C项。
72．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句“A new kind of solar panel, developed at the University of
Michigan, has achieved high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step
in natural photosynthesis.( 密歇根大学开发的一种新型太阳能电池板已经实现了高效地将水转化为氢和氧——
模仿了自然光合作用的一个关键步骤(光合作用)。)”和第四段最后一句““Hydrogen produced by our
technology could be very cheap.”(“用我们的技术生产氢气可能会非常便宜。”)”可知，本文主要讲了利用太阳
能将水转化为氢和氧（本文重点强调了氢），且利用这个技术生产的氢非常便宜。D项“Cheaper Hydrogen
Through Solar Power(通过太阳能发电更便宜的氢)”作为标题，可以概括本文主旨。故选D项。
19（2023春·安徽亳州·高三开学考试）Now some businesses are using Artificial Intelligence as a shortcut to
writing materials for them in hopes of saving time and effort. Sure, computers are great at capturing(捕捉) information
and recognizing trending searches, but translating that information into an organized piece of writing designed
specifically for you? Not so much.
Your job as a business owner is to connect with your customers. To show them you “see” them, understand them,
and you can deliver. You want to reach your clients not just by showing calculated content that shows you are relevant.
The job of AI is to skim the surface and bring you back keywords and phrases that are, well, robotic. However, through
the complexities of human thought and emotion, human content writers far surpass AI in choosing just the right words
that can touch and attract other humans.
People who use AI to generate their writing materials might think it will save them time, but the opposite ends up
being true. We’re all been in situations where we take a shortcut to save time, and it ends up creating more work. The
same goes for using AI for writing. For example, it captures a lot of the top-ranking content for you to slap onto your
blog, but you then have to go back and figure out how to transform that forced content into your business’s voice, styleand tone. It’s like someone giving you a pair of pants. Yay! Pants! But they are not your size or color, so you spend even
more time mending them and trying to talk yourself into liking them than the time you would have spent just getting the
pants for yourself.
AI has had much more success in fields such as manufacturing and technology. For now, there isn’t any AI writer
software sophisticated (水平高的) and creative enough to sound just like a human.
But humans do have limitations and AI writers can work with writers as an aid. You can imagine AI that could do
your research for writing a white paper, or fact check for you. These types of tools could be incredible time-saving tools
for writers in the future.
73．Which of the following is closest to the underlined words “surpass” in paragraph 2?
A．Overlook. B．Overmatch.
C．Satisfy. D．Replace.
74．How does the author present his opinion in Paragraph 3?
A．By listing figures. B．By giving an example.
C．By analyzing causes. D．By making predictions.
75．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?
A．The limitation of AI writing. B．The debates about AI writing.
C．The expectation of AI writing. D．A theoretical basis behind AI writing.
76．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．What Are Artificial Intelligence writers?
B．Why is AI Applied to Content Writing?
C．How Does an AI Content Writer Work?
D．Will Artificial Intelligence Replace Real Writers?
【答案】73．B 74．B 75．C 76．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。现在，一些企业正在使用人工智能作为为他们撰写材料的捷径，希望节省时间和精
力。人工智能固然有其优势，但仍然无法真正替代人类作者。
73．词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的“through the complexities of human thought and emotion(通过人类
复杂的思想和情感)”和“in choosing just the right words that can touch and attract other humans.(在选择恰当的
词语来打动和吸引其他人方面)”可推知，人类思想情感具有复杂性，在选择能够打动并吸引其他人的正确词语
方面远远超过人工智能。所以划线词surpass意为“超过”，与overmatch意思相近。故选B。
74．推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和第三句“We’re all been in situations where we take a shortcut to save
time, and it ends up creating more work. The same goes for using AI for writing.(我们都遇到过这样的情况：我们
为了节省时间而走捷径，结果却创造了更多的工作。使用人工智能写作也是如此。)”以及第四句“For example,
试卷第36页，共41页it captures a lot of the top-ranking content for you to slap onto your blog, but you then have to go back and figure
out how to transform that forced content into your business’s voice, style and tone.(例如，它捕获了许多排名靠前
的内容，让你把它们放到你的博客上，但你必须回过头来，弄清楚如何将这些被迫的内容转化为你的业务声音、
风格和语气。)”可知，作者在第三段中通过举例来表明观点。故选B。
75．主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后两句“You can imagine AI that could do your research for writing a white
paper, or fact check for you. These types of tools could be incredible time-saving tools for writers in the future.(你
可以想象人工智能可以为你写白皮书做研究，或者为你做事实核查。这些类型的工具在未来可以为作者节省大
量时间。)”可知，最后一段主要是讲AI写作的前景。故选C。
76．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Now some businesses are using Artificial Intelligence as a shortcut
to writing materials for them in hopes of saving time and effort. Sure, computers are great at capturing
information and recognizing trending searches, but translating that information into an organized piece of
writing designed specifically for you? Not so much.(现在，一些企业正在使用人工智能作为为他们撰写材料的捷
径，希望节省时间和精力。当然，计算机在捕捉信息和识别趋势搜索方面很出色，但在将这些信息翻译成专门
为你设计的有组织的文章方面呢？并没那么好。)”和最后一段中“But humans do have limitations and AI
writers can work with writers as an aid.(但人类确实有局限性，人工智能作家可以作为作家的辅助。)”可推知，
文章讨论了人工智能取代真正的作家的可能性。所以D项“Will Artificial Intelligence Replace Real Writers?(人
工智能会取代真正的作家吗?)”是文章最佳标题。故选D。
20（2023·江西抚州·联考一模）The next time you find yourself in nature, away from the crowded urban
environment, take a deep breath of the fresh and clean air. That refreshing breath is made possible by the trees around
you.
Today, our cars and machines fill the air with carbon emissions. But scientists imagine a future, where vehicles will
clean the air as efficiently as trees do. Euro News reports that the electric car, designed by Dutch students at the
Eindhoven University of Technology, is capable of removing a small amount of carbon from the air.
The car’s sporty frame is nearly entirely composed of recycled plastics run through a 3D-printer and the engine is
powered by an electric lithium-ion (锂离子) battery. By using 3D printing, the team could produce parts in the exact
shape needed, with very little waste. Since nearly 2 billion tires end up in the trash yearly, the students also teamed up
with Black Bear Carbon to source recycled black carbon for the tires. Moreover, solar panels fitted to the car’s roof allow
it to act as an external solar power source for a house.
According to Reuters, electric vehicles produce near-zero CO emissions as they drive. The drawback of these
2
batteries, however, is that the process needed to create the battery cells for electric cars is still highly polluting. To offset
the harmful effect of creating the lithium-ion batteries, the team fitted the car with two filters (过滤器), which can
capture (捕获) two kilograms of CO every 18,000 miles or so. That might not sound like a lot, but the team is confident
2
they can make sure the two filters will capture more CO .
2The team is now on tour in the US to promote their model, which they call ZEM for Zero-Emission Mobility, and to
share their vision for the future. They picture electric car charging stations also fitted with the capacity to empty CO .
2
“Our end goal is to create a more sustainable future,” said Jens Lahaijie, a member of the team that produced the car.
77．What can we know about the electric car?
A．It is a completely 3D printed product.
B．Its design is environmentally-friendly.
C．It is still dependent on traditional fuels.
D．Its task is to protect trees in urban areas.
78．What will the Dutch students do with their electric car?
A．Equip it with more filters and solar panels.
B．Increase its driving speed in a short time.
C．Reduce its dependence on lithium-ion batteries.
D．Improve its filters’ capability of capturing CO .
2
79．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The electric car hasn’t come to market in the US.
B．Electric car charging stations are common.
C．The future of electric cars turns out uncertain.
D．The electric car model has won great favor.
80．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Carbon Capture Technology Is Used
B．Eco-friendly Cars Are in Great Need
C．An Electric Car Helps to Clean the Air
D．A Sustainable Future Is Shared Together
【答案】77．B 78．D 79．A 80．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰学生发明的一款新型电动汽车，该电动汽车有助于清除碳排
放。
77．推理判断题。根据第三段“The car’s sporty frame is nearly entirely composed of recycled plastics run
through a 3D-printer and the engine is powered by an electric lithium-ion (锂离子) battery.”（该车的运动型车架
几乎完全由回收塑料组成，通过3D打印机打印，发动机由电动锂离子电池供电。）及第四段“To offset the
harmful effect of creating the lithium-ion batteries, the team fitted the car with two filters (过滤器), which can
capture (捕获)two kilograms of CO2 every 18,000 miles or so.”（为了抵消制造锂离子电池的有害影响，研究小
组在汽车上安装了两个过滤器，每18000英里左右可以捕获2公斤的二氧化碳。）可推断，这个新型电动汽车
的设计很环保。故选B。
试卷第38页，共41页78．细节理解题。根据第四段“...the team fitted the car with two filters (过滤器), which can capture (捕获) two
kilograms of CO2 every 18,000 miles or so. That might not sound like a lot, but the team is confident they can
make sure the two filters will capture more CO2.”（研究小组在汽车上安装了两个过滤器，每18000英里左右可
以捕获2公斤的二氧化碳。这听起来可能不多，但研究小组相信他们可以确保这两个过滤器捕获更多的二氧化
碳。）可知，这些学生将会提高过滤器捕捉碳的能力。故选D。
79．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team is now on tour in the US to promote their model, which they call
ZEM for Zero-Emission Mobility, and to share their vision for the future. They picture electric car charging
stations also fitted with the capacity to empty CO2.”（该团队目前正在美国巡回宣传他们的模型，他们称之为
ZEM，即零排放交通，并分享他们对未来的愿景。他们设想，电动汽车充电站也具备排空二氧化碳的能力。）
可推断，这款款新型电动汽车还处于概念化阶段，还未在美国上市。故选A。
80．主旨大意题。 第二段第二句提到“Euro News reports that the electric car, designed by Dutch students at
the Eindhoven University of Technology, is capable of removing a small amount of carbon from the air.”（据《欧
洲新闻》报道，这款电动汽车是由埃因霍温理工大学的荷兰学生设计的，能够从空气中去除少量碳。），且第
三段介绍了该汽车的生产和设计过程，第四段则介绍了该汽车环保方面的设计。由此判断本文主要介绍了一款
新型电动汽车，该电动汽车有助于清除碳排放。C项“An Electric Car Helps to Clean the Air”（有助于清洁空
气的电动汽车）符合文意，故选C。试卷第40页，共41页
