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专题 09 阅读理解抢分练
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2022·成都市第二次诊断性检测)This year we had kids and caregivers in mind. So here are some favourite
books for kids picked by readers and expert judges to while away the hours at home.
The Snowy Day
—by Ezra Jack Keats
One morning, a little boy in Brooklyn wakes up to a changed world — shining with fresh snowfall. Young
Peter is black. Author and illustrator Ezra Jack Keats is white, but his sensitive description of a child's first
experience with snow won the Caldecott Medal and was embraced by parents and children of all colours. (For ages
0 to 2)
Dreamers
—by Yuyi Morales
Yuyi Morales was born in Mexico and came to America with her baby boy in 1999. She builds that experience
into poetic praise for the immigrant experience — for learning a new life and language and for the dreams, hopes
and talents immigrants bring to the USA. (For ages 4 to 8)
Hidden Figures
—by Margot Lee Shetterly and Laura Freeman
Margot Lee Shetterly adapts her groundbreaking book about black female mathematicians at NASA for young
readers, with illustrations by Laura Freeman. A great pick for any future mathematician or astronaut.(For ages 4 to
8)
Wells & Wong Mysteries
—by Robin Stevens
Best friends Daisy Wells and Hazel Wong do what any ambitious young women at boarding school would do:
They form a detective agency and quickly run up against their first real case when Hazel finds the body of their
science teacher on the gymnasium floor. (For ages 10 and up)
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了适合孩子们在家阅读的四本书。
1．Which writer is an award winner?
A．Ezra Jack Keats.
B．Yuyi Morales.
C．Margot Lee Shetterly.
D．Robin Stevens.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据 The Snowy Day 部分中的 his sensitive description ...won the Caldecott
Medal可知，Ezra Jack Keats是获得了凯迪克奖的作家。
2．Which book is suitable for those who love detective stories?
A．The Snowy Day.
1
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司B．Dreamers.
C．Hidden Figures.
D．Wells & Wong Mysteries.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据Wells & Wong Mysteries部分可知，该书是一部侦探小说，描写了几个女
生成立侦探事务所，接收的第一个案子是关于她们的科学老师之死的故事。据此可知，该书适合喜欢侦探
小说的人阅读。
3．What do Dreamers and Hidden Figures have in common?
A．The way they are created.
B．The authors' experiences.
C．The ages of the potential readers.
D．The theme they try to convey.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据Dreamers部分的尾句For ages 4 to 8和Hidden Figures部分的尾句For
ages 4 to 8可知，这两本书的目标读者的年龄相同。
B
(2022·石家庄市教学质量检测二)At just 19 years old, Akiša Peters teaches at a college. He specializes in a
language that is thousands of years old, the Dakota language, spoken by the Dakota people.
“The Dakota language is ‘the most important aspect’ of Dakota culture. Without it, our Dakota culture would
no longer exist，” Peters claimed. “I was lucky to grow up around many first-language Dakota speakers. But
now the elderly continually passed away and at the end of their lives, they just wanted to know whether their
families would continue to have the language. One of the problems our people have is finding ways to get at length
and consistent exposure to the language.”
Aside from giving instruction at the college level, Peters uses social media to share videos that integrate
humour, culture, and basic-level conversation to help teach Dakota. In his free time, he visits Dakota elders. He also
started an online group of the youth to converse and share the knowledge of the language in a safe and supportive
space.
Akiša Peters wants to tell the youth that if they want to learn their own language, sit with their elders and learn
from them. Endless vocabulary sheets could discourage them from learning. Standards created by non-speakers
could also do that. “Within the next decade, I assume, I, my colleagues, and other Dakota-learning relatives will
have children and start a new generation of Dakota. I also hope my brothers and sisters will take the path we laid
out for them and continue to learn and speak Dakota. On my reservation there are numerous young people working
on the comeback of the language. I'm hopeful because I'm definitely not alone，”Akiša Peters told Teen Vogue.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了19岁的Akiša Peters通过自己的工作并在业余时间借助社
交媒体等方式教授和传播Dakota语言和文化的故事。
4．Why does Akiša Peters teach the Dakota language？A.To enrich his experience.
B．To record its written form.
C．To prevent it dying out.
D．To make it known globally.
2
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段中Akiša Peters所说的话可以推断出，Akiša Peters选择教授Dakota
语言是为了防止这一语言消失，为了让他们的文化得以延续。
5．What can we say about Akiša Peters according to Paragraph 3?
A．Learned. B．Creative.
C．Approachable. D．Cooperative.
解析：B 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 Peters uses social media ...to help teach Dakota 可知，Akiša
Peters借助社交媒体分享能够将幽默、文化和简单对话融合在一起的视频来教授 Dakota语言。由此可见，
他是一个有创造力的人。
6．What does Akiša Peters expect the young people to do?
A．Deal with vocabulary sheets.
B．Sustain the given standards.
C．Communicate with their elders.
D．Learn from their teachers.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据第四段中的if they want to ...learn from them可知，Akiša Peters建议想要
学习Dakota语言的年轻人多和他们的长辈交流学习。
7．Which section of a website is the text probably taken from?
A．Research. B．Business.
C．Fashion. D．Culture.
解析：D 文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了 19岁的Akiša Peters教授和传播Dakota语言
和文化的故事。由此可以推断，这样的文章应该出自网站的“文化”专栏。
C
(2022·贵州省适应性测试)A native plant of China, bamboo mainly grows in regions south of the Yangtze
River. In traditional Chinese culture, bamboo is a symbol of moral honesty, loyalty, flexibility and modesty,
making it a frequent theme of Chinese poetry and paintings.
The bamboo forest creates a unique prospect (景色) around Anji, a county in Zhejiang Province. As the
Kingdom of Bamboo, the city is the filming location of the Oscar-winning movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden
Dragon. The bamboo scenery, along with other bamboo-related attractions, including a bamboo museum, has
created unique tourism resources.
Bamboo is not only pretty and elegant, and Xie Zhiguang, a local bamboo dealer, explained that it is used for
much more than just as an alternative to wood. It is the main food for giant pandas, and bamboo shoots are
regularly consumed by humans. Also, the stem of the plant can be made into various products, including
chopsticks, furniture, tissue and paper.
What makes all the functions even more valuable is the speed at which bamboo grows. “During peak times,
bamboo can grow one meter a day and over 20 meters within weeks，” he said. “It takes years to grow wood,
while the growth cycle of bamboo is much shorter.” This advantage allows farmers to make money faster by
growing bamboo than by growing wood. In the battle against extreme poverty in China, bamboo has played a
supporting role.
3
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司The county introduced processing factories for bamboo shoots and developed a series of products.
Bamboo-weaving techniques, some of which are listed as intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage, also contributed
to poverty reduction. A number of bamboo-weaving skill training centers were set up in poor areas to teach rural
people, especially women, to transform bamboo into delicate items. With such items going to domestic and
overseas markets, the bamboo-weaving business has even become the mainstay industry for some of these
regions.
“Bamboo is a sustainable, green resource，” said Wang Jingxin, a professor at Zhejiang University. “Such
measures will help to speed up China's economy and ecology.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“竹子王国”——浙江省安吉县，以竹子为主体的产
业经济及其景观。
8．Why do poets and painters often use bamboo as the theme of their works?
A．Its various functions.
B．Its particular habitats.
C．Its commercial values.
D．Its symbolic meanings.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，竹子象征着坦诚、忠实、坚韧和谦虚，竹子的这
些品质使竹子经常成为中国诗歌、绘画的主题。由此可知，中国的诗人和画家常把竹子当作主题是因为竹
子的象征意义。
9．What does Xie Zhiguang say about bamboo?
A．Bamboo has a wide range of uses.
B．Bamboo can end the world poverty.
C．Bamboo has the fastest growth speed.
D．Bamboo can contribute to the environment.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，竹子可以被制成很多产品，包括筷子、家具、手
巾纸和纸张。由此可知，竹子有广泛的用途。
10．What can be inferred about Anji County from Paragraph 5?
A．It is well known for bamboo carving techniques.
B．It is the filming location of many famous movies.
C．It sets up a lot of big factories for wood products.
D．It takes many steps to develop bamboo industry.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据第五段描述可知，安吉县引进了竹笋加工厂，开发了一系列产品，并且
建立了很多竹编技能培训中心。由此可知，该县采取多种措施发展竹子产业。
11．What is the attitude of Wang Jingxin towards bamboo industry?
A．Intolerant. B．Doubtful.
C．Favorable. D．Unclear.
解析：C 观点态度题。根据最后一段的描述可知，浙江大学的王景新教授认为，竹子是可持续性的
绿色资源，以竹子为主体而采取的这些措施，有助于加速中国的经济发展和保护当地的生态。由此可知，
4
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司他对竹子产业持支持态度。
D
(2022·南充市适应性考试二诊)In most countries, cigarette packages display images or characters that
warn smokers of the increased risks of heart attacks, cancer and so on that accompany smoking. Many of these
risks are associated with the inhalation of tobacco smoke through the mouth. But what is less often spotlighted is
the effect smoking can have on the surface of the eyes.
Smoking has been tied to age-related blindness and severe vision loss worldwide. But these changes occur in
inner regions of the eyes. Now researchers have discovered how cigarette smoke and aerosols (气溶胶)
from heated tobacco also kill cells in the eye's most exposed layer: the cornea (角膜)．
In the new study, published online in September, Otso and his colleagues reported that the compounds in
cigarettes kill cells in a critical outer layer of corneal tissue called the corneal epithelium (角膜上皮)．
The researchers exposed lab-grown corneal epithelium cells to cigarette smoke extract — a solution
(溶液) that contains most of the ingredients inhaled by cigarette smokers. They found that after 24 hours of
exposure, more cells died in the containers compared with cells that were not exposed to smoke or tobacco. The
sign indicated that exposing corneal cells to the tobacco products had caused the death of cell.
It starts when compounds in the tobacco products make contact with the corneal cells, which leads ferritin (铁
蛋白)inside the cells to start breaking down and releasing stored iron, Otso explains. Some of this iron stays
together and reacts to produce chemicals that can harm cells. Normally the cells' repair systems can cope with these
chemicals, but when too many accumulate, they damage fats in cells, triggering the cells to die.
Because the study involved cell cultures rather than live human eyeballs, the researchers are not yet able to say
how quickly smoking or heated tobacco products damage a person's corneas. The next steps will involve
conducting animal experiments and testing the impact of vaping (电子烟) products on corneal cells, Otso says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，吸烟会对我们的眼睛造成伤害。
12．What does the underlined word “inhalation” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?
A．Breathing in. B．Coming out.
C．Breaking down. D．Turning off.
解析：A 词义猜测题。根据第一段可知，吸烟可能增加患心脏病、癌症等疾病的风险。由此可推知，
此处应是这些风险与从口中吸进的烟有关。
13．What can be inferred about smoking?
A．Smokers are less likely to suffer from heart attacks and cancer.
B．It is not clear whether smoking is associated with severe vision loss.
C．Smoking can contribute to the death of cells in the eye's outer layer.
D．Smoking doubles the risk of age-related blindness.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段尾句、第三段内容以及第四段尾句可推知，吸烟可导致角膜外层
细胞的死亡。
14．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 5?
A．The meaning of quitting cigarette smoking.
5
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司B．The process of how tobacco products kill corneal cells.
C．The chemicals that are involved in the process.
D．The reasons why the researchers conducted the experiment.
解析：B 段落大意题。根据第五段描述可知，烟草产品与角膜的细胞一旦有接触，就会使细胞中的
铁蛋白分解；一些铁相互结合起来并发生反应，会产生一种伤害细胞的化学物质。正常情况下，细胞的修
复系统会处理这些化学物质，但是化学物质过多的话，就会伤害细胞中的脂肪，从而导致细胞死亡。由此
可知，本段主要讲述吸烟杀死角膜细胞的过程。
15．Which statement may Otso agree with according to the last paragraph?
A．Live human eyeballs will be used in next experiments.
B．The speed of the damaging process has been confirmed.
C．Further experiments will be conducted on animals.
D．The effect of vaping products is the focus of the experiment.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，此次实验使用了实验室培养的细胞，而不是活体眼球；
下一步将在动物身上试验，即进一步的实验研究将在动物身上开展。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(2022·长春市质量监测三)Imagine you're about to submit an application to your dream school and suddenly,
your heart starts pounding (狂跳)：Did I make a wise decision choosing this major？__16__？ To avoid this
situation, follow these steps.
What subjects interest you? An automatic answer may be the subject in which you get the highest score.
__17__. If you have to take one class, what would it be? When you have free time, what kinds of books would you
pick up and read? Your answers may hint at what you're truly interested in.
__18__. For example, artificial intelligence, biomedical science and mechanical engineering are some of the
most promising current majors.
Now take a closer look at the above two steps. For example, maybe you find yourself hooked when you're
learning about computer science, and artificial intelligence appears to be of great importance in the world as well.
__19__. There may be a few, but don't worry, we still have one more step.
Check your dream school's admission requirements. For example, I've been interested in both psychology and
education, but apparently psychology has higher requirements for admission. __20__．
Grab a pen and start creating your own desirable major!
A．No, think hard
B．Mark them both
C．What if I'm wrong
D．What about seeking advice from my parents
E．If you have many ideas in mind, list them all
F．Comparatively speaking, education would be a smarter choice
G．Write down what you believe will be most in demand in the future
6
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何选择心仪的专业提供了一些具体的建议。
16．解析：C 根据空后的“？”并结合上句可知，设空处是疑问句，表达对自己所选专业的疑虑。C
项(如果我错了怎么办？)承上启下，符合语境。
17．解析：A 上文提到什么科目使你感兴趣？一个不假思索的答案是你得最高分的科目。下文提到
如果你必须选一门课，你会选什么？当你有空闲时间的时候，你会选择什么类型的书读？据此可知，设空
处表示要仔细想想，而不是选得最高的分数的科目，故A项符合语境。
18．解析：G 下文举例解释空处内容。例如，人工智能、生物医学科学和机械工程是一些目前最有
前途的专业。据此可知，设空处说明要写下你认为未来最受欢迎的专业。
19．解析：B 上文提到当你学习计算机科学的时候，你可能会发现自己被吸引住了，而人工智能在
世界上似乎也很重要。据此可知，设空处对以上提及的两个专业给出建议，B项中的both与此对应。
20．解析：F 根据上文提到的“例如，我对心理学和教育学都很感兴趣，但显然心理学的入学要求
更高”和常识可知，选择教育学将是更明智的选择，故F项符合
7
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司8
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学科网（北京）股份有限公司
