文档内容
专题 14 阅读理解：主旨大意题
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--测
（解析版）
时间：60分钟
名校最新模拟试题主旨大意题 （共20小题）
1.(2022年8月浙江省“山水联盟”高三联考)
You really should ask the question: will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause? Sometimes
it makes matters worse. For example, many charities help African people install water pumps to deliver clean water to
their communities. Money has been invested over the past 20 years to install a total of 60, 000 pumps across sub-
Saharan Africa. However, today 40% of those have failed to work at some point. They have been left there, like
expensive but useless decorations.
......
Ultimately, to whom and how much you give is your choice. It is important to provide highly specialized services
instead of material goods. As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the
better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.
15. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Has your donation hit a dead end?B. Why should you make a donation?
C. Where does my donation take its way?
D. Will my donation to charity really help?
【答案】 D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“You really should ask the question: will my donation to this charity actually
help the people or cause?”(你真的应该问这样一个问题：我对这个慈善机构的捐赠真的能够帮助人们或者事业
吗？)和最后一段“As a general rule of thumb, the more your donation matches the need of the receivers, the better it
will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.”(根据一般的经验法则，你的捐赠越符合接受者的需
要，对你想帮助的人的长期繁荣就越有利。)可知，作者在这篇文章里主要讨论的是慈善捐助应该切实符合被
捐赠者的需要才算是真正有帮助的捐助。D选项“我的捐款真的有用吗？”和文章意思一致。故选D。
2. (河南省名校联盟2022-2023学年高二上学期开学考英语试题)
A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on
Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia ever to conquer the world’s highest summit.
Zhang Hong, 46, reached the top from the Nepali side, along with three high-altitude guides.
Zhang, who was born in Chongqing, lost his sight at the age of 21. He now works at Fukang Hospital Affiliated
with Tibet University in Lhasa. As Zhang began his climb of Qomolangma, which is 8,848. 86 meters above sea level,
his colleagues in Lhasa were excited to hear the news of his success.
“Many people may have doubted his attempt of climbing at first, but I was confident in him from the beginning,”
said Kyila, the secretary of the Fukang Angel Foundation, who also is a blind person. “I knew before that he could
make it, and he did make it. I am really happy for him. He is a model for blind people to encourage them to chase their
dreams.”
Zhang’s passion for climbing was inspired by Lotse, a famous Tibetan climber who conquered all the world’s 14
summits above the altitude of 8,000 meters. Lotse had shared the story of the blind US mountaineer Erik Weihenmayer,
who climbed Qomolangma in May 2001. Zhang was touched by the story, which ignited his dream of climbing.
As an amateur climber for years, Zhang had conquered three mountains above the altitude of 6,000 meters before
climbing the world’s highest summit. He had begun preparing for the Qomolangma climb in 2019. However, due to the
COVID-19 pandemic (流行病), all mountaineering teams on Qomolangma were canceled in Nepal and China last year,
and he had to wait until recently to finally make the attempt.
7.What’s the best title for the text?
A．Zhang Hong Sets an Example to OthersB．A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit
C．Qomolangma Attracts More Chinese to Climb
D．A Chinese Climber Got Through the Pandemic
【答案】 B
【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文，并结合第一段“A blind Chinese climber reached the summit (顶点) of
Qomolangma, known in the West as Mount Everest, on Monday morning, becoming the first blind person from Asia
ever to conquer the world’s highest summit. (21日上午，一名中国盲人登上了被西方称为“Mount Everest”的珠穆
朗玛峰。这是亚洲盲人登上珠峰的第一个人)”可知，本文主要讲述了一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶的
壮举，故“A Blind Climber Reaches Qomolangma Summit(一名盲人攀登者登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶)”是文章最佳
标题。故选B项。
3.(云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期适应性月考)
Diana Nyad was a professional swimmer. She was in her twenties when she decided to swim around Manhattan.
The first time she tried, she didn’t succeed. But she didn’t give up. She tried again and swam the twenty-eight miles in
less than eight hours. Then she had another goal: to swim from Cuba to Florida, a distance of 110 miles. She didn’t stop
to sleep. But she didn’t finish. Jellyfish attacked her, and the weather threw her off course. Did she try again? Yes, but
not until thirty-three years later.
Nyad retired from competitive swimming in her twenties. For the next thirty years, she didn’t swim at all. She
became a sportscaster (体育比赛解说员) and a journalist. But she didn’t stop all physical activities. She always kept in
shape. Every Friday she took a one-hundred-mile bike ride.
In 2007, when Nyad was sixty years old, her mother died. She started to think about her own life. In the thirty
years when she didn’t swim, she always thought about the possibility of trying again. She didn’t want to die without
achieving her goal. She started to train again. By the summer of 2011, she tried again — and failed again — after
twenty-nine hours in the water. She tried two more times and failed to reach Florida each time. What kinds of problems
did she face? There were attacks by jellyfish, bad weather, and breathing problems from asthma (哮喘). How did she
solve the problem of jellyfish? For her fifth attempt, she wore a bodysuit and mask to protect against jellyfish stings.
On August 31, 2013, after fifty-three hours of swimming, she reached the Florida shore, thirty-five years after her first
attempt. Nyad achieved what younger and stronger swimmers could not.
Nyad always tells people, “Never give up.”
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. If at First You Don’t Succeed
B. Swimming Cures AsthmaC. How to Swim around Manhattan
D. Getting Rid of Being Stung by Jellyfish
【答案】 A
【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了主人公Diana Nyad在失败后不放弃，最终获得成功的故事。由此可知，
“If at First You Don’t Succeed(如果初试不成功)”适合作本文标题。故选A。
4.( 山东省东营市第一中学2022-2023学年10月月考 )
The work in senior high school is something freshmen are probably worried about. It builds on what you
learned in junior high school, giving you a more advanced (高深的) knowledge of many subjects. So you may find you
have more work to do or that it’s a bit more challenging. If you ever find your work too difficult, teachers can give you
extra help.
Senior high school also has more after-school activities than junior high school, such as clubs, music and theater
groups and sports teams. This is a good time to explore your interests and try new things.
Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social skills while providing you with a little extra
support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn how to be more independent and responsible.
7．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．What you’ll learn in senior high school.
B．What you learned in junior high school.
C．The difference between junior high school and senior high school.
D．The importance of being more independent and responsible.
【答案】 C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Junior high school taught you the basics of time management and social
skills while providing you with a little extra support and guidance. Senior high school gives you the chance to learn
how to be more independent and responsible.(初中教会了你时间管理和社交技能的基础知识，同时也为你提供了
一些额外的支持和指导。高中给了你学习如何更独立和负责任的机会)”可知，最后一段主要是关于初中和高中
的区别的。故选C。
5. (湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2022-2023学年高三上学期月考)Lisa Gautier receives nearly a dozen parcels of human hair every day. With her San-Francisco-based non-profit
organization Matter of Trust,Gautier turns donated hair into mats used to soak up oil spills on land,and booms (long
tubes)used for spills at sea.
A standard way to clean up oil from land is to use mats made from polypropylene(聚丙烯). But polypropylene
is a non-biodegradable plastic,and producing it ultimately means more drilling for oil. Hair,by contrast, is an
environmentally friendly resource that can soak up around five times its weight in oil,according to Matter of Trust,and
it is abundant.
Oil spills can pollute drinking water, endanger public health,harm plants and wildlife,and damage the economy.
According to Gautier,the spills that hit the headlines only make up 5% of global oil pollution.
Megan Murray,an environmental biologist at the University of Technology Sydney, develops sustainable
technologies to tackle oil spills. Her research indicates that as well as being biodegradable,human hair is often just as
effective as polypropylene,and in some circumstances even better. “The hair mats are very beneficial to land
spills,”says Murray but adds that when raw oil is spilled on beach sand,it is very difficult to absorb it using any of the
materials she has tested. Another advantage of hair is that it costs less than conventional materials and is “globally
accessible as a recycled material,” she says.
However,Murray cautions that hair mats are not a perfect solution,because they are single-use,and can only be
dealt with by burning or by burying into soil which then isn’t suitable for growing food. She is now researching
methods to extract the oil from a used hair mat,meaning both can be reused.
As the hair mat designs aren’t under patent,other groups have begun producing their own mats and booms.
Gautier is pleased to see the movement growing.“Anyone can make a hair mat,”she says. “It creates green jobs，it
cleans water,it reduces waste in landfill, and it’s promoting renewable resources.”
15．What is the best title for the text?
A．How to Tackle Oil Spills
B．A Perfect Recycled Material—Human Hair
C．Take Action to Make Hair Mats And Booms
D．Human Hair Is Being Used to Clean Up Oil Spills
【答案】D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章整体分析，文章全篇都在说人的头发对于清洁泄漏的石油的作用，它并不是一
个完美的解决方案，Megan Murray正在尝试去优化这个方案。故选D项。6. (江苏省苏州市2022-2023学年高三期初考试英语试题 )
Figure skating, speed skating, and ice hockey can all trace their beginnings to early civilizations that fastened
animal bones to their feet to skate on ice, according to A Dictionary of British History. Bone runners found in
Switzerland date as far back as 3000 B．C．and there is also evidence of ice skating in Scandinavia in the Middle
Ages.
Modern skating likely got its start in the Netherlands, where it was considered a national recreation in the early
17th century, when nobles skated on frozen canals for fun. Wealthy Europeans picked up the sport while visiting the
Netherlands, and British royals soon brought skating back to England in the late 1600s. When the Thames froze over in
1683, skating was among the many recreations at London’s famous winter fair on the ice, which King Charles II
attended.
At the end of the 18th century, American ballet dancer Jackson Haines transformed the sport into what is now
known as figure skating by introducing elements of ballet to the ice. According to the Dictionary of American History,
Haines skated in bear and ballet costumes and toured with exhibitions across Europe, where he was most admired in
Vienna, Austria.
......
Since the 1900s, different ice skating clubs have been founded around the Western world. As interest grew, the
clubs’ membership increased over the next 50 years. By the end of 20thcentury, ice skating was so widespread that it
was one of the few recreations enjoyed by almost every westerner.
7．What does the text mainly talk about?
A．How ice skating came into spotlight.
B．How ice skating became well-received.
C．Why ice skating is famous in the world.
D．Why ice skating enters Winter Olympics.
【答案】 B
【解析】主旨大意题。由第一段的“3000 B.C.(公元前3000年)”，第二段的“in the early 17th century(17世纪早
期)”，“in the late 1600s(在17世纪末)”和“in 1683(1683年)”，第三段的“At the end of the 18th century(18世纪
末)”，第四段的“in 19th century(19世纪)”和最后一段“By the end of 20thcentury(到20世纪末)”等表示时间的
短语看出，本文主要讲述了不同时期不同滑冰方式是如何发展起来的，以及如何受到大家欢迎的，也就是主要
讲的是滑冰是如何受到欢迎的。故选B。7.(河北省保定市2022-2023学年高三9月份考试英语试题)
A broken heart, a sad ending to a love affair—that’s something most of us have experienced, or probably will.
After all, it’s part of human life, needed, at least one time, to become more fully adult. But no question, the experience
can be damaging.
But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help
you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can activate empathy and the desire to connect with
others—both avenues through the prison of heartache and despair.
Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study from Germany shows the
emotional impact of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy, compassion, and a desire for positive
connection with others. That, itself, is psychologically healing. It draws you away from being absorbed in yourself, and
possibly towards helping others in need of comfort.
Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening
to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously raised
their awareness of the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they
intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did.
These findings link with other studies that show embracing your sad situation emotionally—accepting reality as
it is—inspires healing and growth beyond it. In short, acknowledging your full experience arouses hope. For example,
research from Cornell University, published in Psychological Science, found that embracing discomfort about a life
experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, generates motivation to find a
pathway through it, beyond it. As Churchill famously said, “If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That discomfort
points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It fuels hope.
31．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Sad music fuels hope. B．Heartbreak can be damaging.
C．Heartbreak is part of human life. D．Sad music may heal a broken heart.
【答案】 D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad
music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can activate empathy
and the desire to connect with others—both avenues through the prison of heartache and despair.(但研究表明，心痛是
有途径的。听悲伤的音乐是主要的。它可以帮助你重新对生活感到快乐和希望。它可以激发同理心和与他人联
系的欲望——这两种途径都可以穿过心痛和绝望的牢笼)”结合文章主要说明了研究表明悲伤的音乐可以振奋精神，帮助你重新对生活感到快乐和希望，激发同理心和与他人联系的欲望。可知，这篇文章的主旨是悲伤的音
乐可以治愈受伤的心。故选D。
8. (北京市北京师范大学附属实验中学2022-2023高三上学期开学摸底考试)
Removing gender bias
Tailors worked out long ago that men and women have different shapes. Yet this message has failed to enter many
other areas of design. Car seat belts, for example, which date back to the 1880s, are often still more suitable for men,
who tend to sit farther back than women when driving. And today the most forward-looking tech companies on Earth
are still placing old-school bias (偏见；成见) into new products. Consider smart phones. Most are too big to fit
comfortably into the average woman’s hand, as are many video-game controllers.
An obvious part of the explanation for their design problem is that men control most of its companies—male-run
firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC) funding. Male bosses may be unaware of the problems women face. They
may not flag up obvious areas of concern, or ask the right questions when doing their research for a new product
design. And once an idea gets the green light, it will then be handled by product-design and engineering teams, three-
quarters of whose members are men. These teams often use data to make decisions, but mixing all users together means
they may fail to spot trends based on sex differences. Dependence on historical data, and the lack of data on
underrepresented groups, can also create bias in algorithms (算法).
Next comes testing. Naturally, designers test original models on their intended customers, but they may not get
feedback from a broad enough group of people. There is also the risk of confirmation bias—designers may listen to
what they want to hear, and ignore negative reactions from some groups of users.
Tech’s design bias needs fixing for moral, safety and business reasons. The ethical importance is obvious: it is
wrong that women have to make do with a “one-size-fits-men” world, as Caroline Criado Perez, a writer, puts it. As for
safety, regulators can tackle that by banning things that are dangerous to women—including seat belts—because they
are no! designed properly.
But there is also a powerful business case for avoiding design bias, because huge opportunities are being missed.
Women are 50% of the population, and make 70—80% of the world’s consumer-spending decisions.
28．What is discussed in Paragraphs 2 and 3?
A．Why tech’s design bias needs to be fixed.
B．How gender bias is affecting tech companies.
C．Where gender bias in product design is rooted.
D．Who is to blame for gender bias in tech companies.
【答案】 C【解析】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章第二，三段内容可知，第二段中“An obvious part of the explanation for
their design problem is that men control most of its companies—male-run firms receive 82% of venture-capital (VC)
funding.”（其设计问题的一个明显原因是男性控制了大部分公司。男性经营的公司获得了82%的风险投资。）
为该段的主旨句，由此可知，第二段主要讲述了产品存在性别偏见的原因是男性控制了大部分公司，并且在进
行决策是，往往使用的是缺乏普适性的数据。第三段的主旨句为“Naturally, designers test original models on
their intended customers, but they may not get feedback from a broad enough group of people.”（当然，设计师会在
他们的目标客户身上测试原始模型，但他们可能无法从足够广泛的人群中获得反馈），由此可知，第三段讲述
了在进行产品测试时，设计师们无法从足够广泛的人群中得到反馈，且往往忽略一些用户群体的负面反馈。由
此可知，第二，三段主要讲述了在产品设计过程中，哪些环节出现了问题。故选C项。
9. (2023届河南省洛阳市洛阳创新发展联盟高三摸底考试英语试题)
New research has found that people with mild cognitive impairment(认知损坏)may not necessarily develop
dementia(痴呆)and, in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more than doubles their chances of
returning to normal. The study, led by researchers at the University of Waterloo, may reassure those with mild cognitive
impairment as it contradicts a common assumption that the condition is simply an early stage of dementia. People with
mild cognitive impairment show signs of cognitive decline, but not enough to prevent them from performing typical
daily tasks. They have been considered at higher risk of progressing to the more severe cognitive decline seen in
dementia.
31．What is the main idea of the text?
A．Higher education and language skills may help stop dementia.
B．Age and genetics are established risk factors for dementia.
C．A study focuses on the consequence of cognitive impairment.
D．People with cognitive impairment show cognitive decline.
【答案】 C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中“ in fact, having higher education and advanced language skills more
than doubles their chances of returning to normal. ”（事实上，拥有高等教育和高级语言技能的人恢复正常的几率
是普通人的两倍多。）可知，文章将的是一个新的研究发现即受过高等教育和拥有语言技能可能有助于防止痴
呆。A选项“Higher education and language skills may help stop dementia.”概括了该研究结论。故选A。
10.（浙江衢州二中2022届高三英语第一次模拟考试）
Many years ago when I first started to play tennis I was so crazy about the sport that I traveled to all four of the
major grand slams–Wimbledon, the French Open, the Australian Open and the U.S.Open in New York City.I was sovery impressed with the great champion Arthur Ashe and so admired him, not only as the number one tennis player in
the world for a time but just as much for how dedicated he was to improving the lives of everyone, especially the
unfortunate of the world. To me, he was an incredible double champion!
What a great experience that had been and what a great man he was. He was so much more than a world
champion tennis player. From a young age growing up in a segregated(种族隔离的)society, he set about to help change
the world by helping people and thus making the world a better place for all of us.
When we are young, most of us are pretty self-centered and almost everything we do is directed at just helping
ourselves. But as we grow older and a little wiser, we see that helping others is not only very satisfying but it can make
the world a better place for everyone for many years to come.
3. What did the author want to tell us in the story?
A. Two heads are better than one.
B. Action speaks louder than words.
C. One good turn deserves another.
D. Selflessness is a mark of an honorable man.
【答案】 D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，并结合最后一段“When we are young, most of us are pretty self-
centered and almost everything we do is directed at just helping ourselves. But as we grow older and a little wiser, we
see that helping others is not only very satisfying but it can make the world a better place for everyone for many years
to come.（当我们年轻的时候，我们大多数人都是以自我为中心的，我们所做的几乎每件事都是为了帮助自己。
但是，随着我们年龄和智慧的增长，我们看到帮助他人不仅是非常令人满意的，而且可以让世界在未来的许多
年里变得更美好）”可知，文章讲述了世界冠军阿瑟·阿什的乐于助人的优良品质，这篇文章的主题就是凸显
Arthur Ashe伟大的人格。所以作者通过这个故事要告诉我们“Selflessness is a mark of an honorable man. (无私
是高尚人的标志)”这样的道理。故选D。
11.（北京101中学2022届上学期高三年级10月月考英语试卷）
“If I only had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said sometime in the
1990s. Why be modest? Aristotle said: “All men by nature desire to know.” Intellectual humility is a particular
instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations.
Intellectual humility means recognising that we don’t know everything. Actually, it means we should
acknowledge that we're probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources
of wisdom that we lack.
The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. But, bymaking us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania Lombrozo of the
University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions (错觉) of wisdom. She argues that the
way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image, word or
statement, the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive
processing. Logical puzzles presented in an unfriendly font (字体), for example, can encourage someone to make
extra effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our
screens, where our brain processes information in a “smooth” way. What about all the information that presents
online? Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don’t hide or
ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an
opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to
resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid.
At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originates from the
egocentric bias – the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the role of chance or the
influence of other people’s actions on their lives. This is what makes these people credit success to themselves and
failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of
achieving dominance through forcing one’s view on others. Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental
resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully.
The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people turn into
successful adults, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesis is that humility,
curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life. “Without humility, you are unable to learn,” Laszlo Bock,
Google’s Head of People Operations, notes.
31. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. the harm arrogance does to us
B. the key elements to a fulfilling life
C. the significance of intellectual humility
D. the way people access information online
【答案】 C
【解析】主旨大意题。分析文章可知，文章主要讲述了理解的谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自
己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。结合选项，故选C。
12.（2022学年第一学期浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟返校联考）
I had passed the higher secondary examination when I had to give up further studies. I had to be earningsomething to help the family budget. One day a letter came to me from an office for an interview. I was both happy and
nervous; I was the only teen.
......
It was my first interview, and I know it would not be the last. So I was not very much excited. On the contrary, I
felt easy that I had gone through it and got some experience. But I did get the job all right. And here I am writing this
essay on leave from office, sitting for my first university examination.
3. What can be the best title for this passage?
A. My first job. B. My poor family.
C. My work experiences. D. My first interview.
【答案】 D
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“One day a letter came to me from an office for an interview. (有一天，我
收到一封来自一个办公室的面试邀请信。)”；最后一段“It was my first interview, and I know it would not be the
last. (这是我第一次面试，我知道这不会是最后一次。)”以及通读全文可知，本文主要叙述作者第一次工作面试
的经历。故选D项。
13. (2022-2023北京高考第零次英语模拟试题)
As 17-year-old Norwood drove through St. Petersburg, Florida, last February, the laughter and chatter from the
four teenage girls inside her car quickly gave way to screams. As they approached a crossroad, another car T-boned
them, sending their black car sailing into the yard of a nearby house, coming to a stop only when it crashed into a tree.
As smoke rose from the other car, a bystander shouted, “It’s about to blow up! Get out!” .The impact had caved in
Norwood’s driver’s side door, jamming it shut. Shaken, but still OK, she crawled out through the window. Along with
two of her friends, who’d also managed to free themselves, she ran for her life.
But halfway down the street, she realized that her best friend, Simmons, wasn’t with them. Norwood ran back to
the seriously damaged car and found Simmons lying in the back seat. “She wasn’t moving,” Norwood told the reporter.
She threw open the back door and pulled her friend out, avoiding the broken glass as best she could. She dragged
Simmons a few feet to safety and laid her on the ground. “I checked her pulse.” Nothing. “I put my head against her
chest.” No sign of life. “That’s when I started CPR.”
If the accident had happened a few weeks earlier, she might not have known what to do. But Norwood, who wants
to pursue a career in medicine, had earned her CPR certificate just the day before. Kneeling on the lawn and looking
down at her dying friend, Norwood knew she had precious little time to practice what she’d learned.
She started pressing Simmons’s chest with her crossed fingers and breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of
filling her lungs with the kiss of life. No response. And then, after the 30th press, Simmons began coughing and gaspingfor air. The CPR had worked!
Soon, an ambulance arrived and rushed Simmons to the hospital, where she received stitches(缝合) for a wound in
her forehead. And then she heard how her best friend had saved her life. “I wasn’t shocked,” said Simmons. “She will
always help any way she can.”
26. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Pursuit of dream B. Breath of life
C. Recovery from injury D. Loss of memory
【答案】 B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“She started pressing Simmons’s chest with her crossed fingers and
breathing into her friend’s mouth in hopes of filling her lungs with the kiss of life.(她开始用交叉的手指按压西蒙斯
的胸部，向她朋友的嘴里呼吸，希望能让生命之吻充满她的肺部。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是Norwood
在遭遇车祸后，冒着汽车爆炸的危险救出自己的朋友，当发现朋友没有气息时，她又用自己的急救知识为朋友
施行心肺复苏术，成功救了自己的朋友。所以朋友重新恢复气息时，象征着朋友活了下来。所以“Breath of
life (生命的呼吸)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。
14. (北京交通大学附中 2023 届高三开学英语诊断练习)
Alexis, 17, sat quietly in the passenger seat of her dad’s car. She let her eyes lazily scan the landscape for wildlife.
Then a deer came into view about 200 yards in front of them. “Dad, there’s a deer there!” Alexis said. It was a male
deer with sharp antlers (⻆) on each side of its head.
As the car moved closer, Alexis saw that the deer’s head was bent toward the ground. Then she heard a scream and
saw an arm fly up near the deer’s head. Alexis realized the deer was attacking a woman. Sue, a 44-year-old mother, had
been out for her morning run. The deer followed her and edged closer. “I knew I was in trouble,” Sue says. She went to
pick up a stick for self-defense, and the deer charged. It lifted her with its antlers and threw her into the air. Sue could
feel blood flew down her leg.Within seconds, the deer had pushed her off the road. When Alexis and her father pulled up, the deer was
throwing Sue like a doll. Alexis looked into the woman’s terrified eyes, and before her father had even stopped the car,
the teenager jumped quickly out of the car and ran toward the deer.
“I was kicking it to get its attention,” she says. Then her father, who had followed his daughter, pushed the deer
away from the women.
Alexis helped Sue into the car, and then applied a piece of cloth to Sue’s injured leg. “We’re going to get you to
a hospital,” Alexis said. Then she heard her father shout loudly. He had been knocked to the ground. Alexis took hold of
a hammer from the car and ran to where her father lay on his back. She beat the deer’s head and neck, but the blows
didn’t scare it away. “I was losing faith,” she says. “A couple more strikes, Alexis,” said her father. “You can do it.”
Turning the hammer around, Alexis closed her eyes and beat the deer’s neck with all her strength. When she opened her
eyes, the deer was running away. Alexis got in the driver’s seat and sped toward the nearest hospital.
After Sue was treated, she tearfully thanked her rescuers. “You expect a teenage girl to get on the phone and call
for help,” she says, “not to beat up a deer.”
26. What is the best title for the passage?
A A Woman Was Seriously Injured
B. A Girl Saved Her Father Successfully
C. A Dangerous Deer Attacked a Woman
D. A Teenager Rescued Others from a Deer Attack
【答案】 D
【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章的主要讲的是 17岁的亚历克斯先是和父亲一起救了被一只鹿袭击的苏，然后，
当那只鹿袭击她的父亲时，她又用锤子把那只鹿赶走，救了她的父亲。所以用 D项“A Teenager Rescued
Others from a Deer Attack”作为本文的标题符合题意。故选D项。
15. (2022届东北三省四市教研联合体高考模拟)
Pianist Jean-Francois Maljean has released a piano piece to commemorate (纪念) the 2022 Beijing Winter
Olympics, which kicked off with a grand opening ceremony held at the National Stadium on Feb 4. Titled for Beijing
Olympics, the piano piece, which is about 3 minutes, was asked by the Chinese embassy in Belgium, with the aim of
celebrating Chinese New Year and to welcome the Winter Olympics. He also wrote a song to support Wuhan in its fight
against COVID (新冠)-19 in 2020 and another song for Xi’an in December.
4．What is the first paragraph mainly about?A．Maljean’s works about China. B．Maljean’s experiences in China.
C．Maljean’s contribution to COVID． D．Maljean’s general introduction.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段关键句“Pianist Jean-Francois Maljean has released a piano piece to
commemorate (纪念) the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, which kicked off with a grand opening ceremony held at the
National Stadium on Feb 4.”（钢琴家尚·马龙发布了一首钢琴曲，以纪念2022年北京冬奥会。2月4日，冬奥会
在国家体育场举行了盛大的开幕式。）和“He also wrote a song to support Wuhan in its fight against COVID (新
冠)-19 in 2020 and another song for Xi’an in December.”（他还在2020年为支持武汉抗击新冠肺炎写了一首歌，
并于12月为西安写了另一首歌。）可知，本段内容主要介绍了钢琴家尚·马龙关于中国的音乐作品，包括为纪
念2022年北京冬奥会发布的一首钢琴曲和为支持武汉抗击新冠肺炎写的歌曲等，由此可知，第一段主要讲的
是尚·马龙关于中国的作品。故选A项。
16.（2023届江苏省南京市第一中学高三第一次模拟考试英语试题）
The microrollers are round and made from glass microparticles. One half of the robot was coated with a thin
magnetic nanofilm (磁性纳米膜) made from nickel and gold. The other half was coated with the cancer drug
doxorubicin as well as molecules that recognize cancer cells.
29．What does Paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the microrollers?
A．Their shape. B．Their advantage. C．Their design. D．Their application.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。第二段“The microrollers are round and made from glass microparticles. One half of the
robot was coated with a thin magnetic nanofilm made from nickel and gold. The other half was coated with the cancer
drug doxorubicin as well as molecules that recognize cancer cells.”（microroller是圆形的，由玻璃微粒制成。机器
人的一半表面覆盖着一层由镍和金制成的磁性纳米薄膜。另一半涂有抗癌药物阿霉素以及识别癌细胞的分子）
可知，第二段主要介绍了这种微型机器人的形状，构成材料等，即小型机器人“microroller”的设计。故选C项。
17. (2023届粤湘鄂名校联盟高三上学期第一次联考英语试题)
However, Central California’s kelp ecosystems have done somewhat better than those in Northern California. A
new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of California, examines the role sea otter ( 海獭)
populations — a natural predator for urchins — play in preserving existing kelp forests in the Monterey Bay.
7．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Sea Otters to the Rescue
B．Marine Species in Danger
C．Urchins Are Destroying Kelp ForestsD．Otters Increase Kelp Forests’ Carbon Storage
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“A new study led by Joshua Smith, an ecologist at the University of
California, examines the role sea otter populations — a natural predator for urchins — play in preserving existing kelp
forests in the Monterey Bay.(加州大学的生态学家约书亚·史密斯领导的一项新研究调查了海獭种群——海胆的天
然捕食者——在保护蒙特雷湾现有的海草林所起的作用。)”可知，本文主要是介绍海獭捕食海胆，从而让现存
的海草林得到保护。故选A。
18. (2023届浙江省杭州第二中学新高三上学期适应性测试英语试题)
Official Ticketing Service
Welcome to the official Louvre online sales siteThe Musée du Louvre is reopening and we are glad
to be able to welcome you back again. In line with the measures taken to prevent the spread of
COVID-19, visitors will be required to wear a mask. According to government recommendations,
all visitors to the Louvre aged 12 years1．This passage mainly aims at ________ .A．introducing the exhibits at the Louvre
B．providing ticketing information of the Louvre
C．listing restrictions on admission to the Louvre
D．clarifying the history of the Louvre
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据标题“Official Ticketing Service”（官方门票服务）可知，下文主要讲的是关于罗浮
宫的门票信息，故选B。
19.（北京市第八十中学2022-2023学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题）
Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public for creating the conditions that let a
business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the public, either directly or through its
politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and illegal, and to make sustainable
environmental policies profitable.
The public can do that by accusing businesses of harming them. The public may also make their opinion felt by
choosing to buy sustainably harvested products; by preferring their governments to award valuable contracts to
businesses with a good environmental track record; and by pressing their governments to pass and enforce laws and
regulations requiring good environmental practices.
27．The main idea of Paragraph 3 is that environmental damage__________.
A．is the result of ignorance of the public
B．requires political action if it is to be stopped
C．can be prevented by the action of ordinary people
D．can only be stopped by educating business leaders
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。由第三段“Our blaming of businesses also ignores the ultimate responsibility of the public
for creating the conditions that let a business profit through destructive environmental policies. In the long run, it is the
public, either directly or through its politicians, that has the power to make such destructive policies unprofitable and
illegal, and to make sustainable environmental policies profitable. (我们对企业的指责也忽视了公众的最终责任，是
他们创造出相应的条件，让企业可以通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润。长期来看，无论是直接参与也好，通过
政客也好，只有公众才有权力让这些破坏性的政策变得无利可图或者违背法律，让可持续的环保政策能够盈
利)”可知，公众能创造相应条件让企业通过破坏环境的政策来赚取利润，公众也可以通过行动让企业从破坏环
境的政策变得无利可图，概括可知第三段的主要思想是环境破坏可以通过普通人的行动来预防。故选C项。20. (甘肃省武威市凉州区部分校联考2022-2023学年高三上学期第二次诊断)
Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some countries, such as Kenya and
Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. Yet these laws have been hard to put into effect, and
elephant populations have continued to dwindle. By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made
elephants private goods and allowed people to kill elephants, but only those on their own property.
10．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Bans on killing elephants for ivory
B．Effective laws for elephant protection.
C．Methods of making elephants private goods
D．Government policies on the elephant’s problem
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Governments have tried to solve the elephant’s problem in two ways. Some
countries, such as Kenya and Uganda, have made it illegal to kill elephants and sell their ivory. (各国政府试图通过两
种方式来解决大象的问题。一些国家，如肯尼亚和乌干达，已经将猎杀大象和出售象牙定为非法行为。)”以及
“By contrast, other countries, such as Malawi and Namibia, have made elephants private goods and allowed people to
kill elephants, but only those on their own property. (相比之下，其他国家，如马拉维和纳米比亚，则把大象当作
私人物品，允许人们猎杀大象，但仅限于在他们自己的领地上。)”可知，第四段通过举例说明各国政府对大象
的政策。故选D项。
