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专题 21 阅读理解：七选五段中句
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--测
（解析版）
时间 60分钟 共 40小题 （每小题2分, 共80分）
班级____________ 姓名____________
名校最新测试卷 七选五（共八篇）
1. ( 山东省东营市第一中学2022-2023学年10月月考 )
I believe that writing is the most important invention in history. It is the most important for two reasons. First, it
helped governments and businesses work better. Second, it helped ideas to spread.
Writing was invented by the Sumerians around 5,000 years ago. ____16____ One example is The Code of
Hammurabi. It was a list of laws written on a huge stone block for all to see. The law was written down, so every
person knew what the law was. They knew what would happen if they broke it.
The Sumerians also wrote down rules about their government. The rules described how the government should
work. ____17____ The rule said that the worker would have to pay a fine. This made the government act moreresponsibly.
The Sumerians also wrote down business contracts (合同). That’s because a contract explains what both sides
promise to do. Written contracts helped the Sumerians run better businesses. This helped their civilization to grow.
____18____ It was an epic poem (史诗) called The Epic of Gilgamesh. The work is about more than just two
friends on an adventure. It is also about life and death, happiness and sadness. It’s full of big ideas about the world.
When the Sumerians wrote these ideas down, they spread. As a result, the Sumerians could study and talk about these
big ideas. ____19____ Writing helped the Sumerians become great thinkers.
As you have read, writing helped the Sumerians become a great civilization. ____20____ That is why writing is
the most important invention in human history.
A．They could also improve these ideas.
B．Writing continues to improve our lives today.
C．They used writing to make their government work better.
D．The Sumerians also created the world’s first written story.
E．Writing is so common to us that we hardly think about it.
F．The writing of the Sumerians further developed to include sounds and meanings.
G．One rule explained what would happen if a government worker didn’t do his job well.
【答案】16．C 17．G 18．D 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是苏美尔人发明文字的过程和发明文字的伟大意义。
16．空前说“Writing was invented by the Sumerians around 5,000 years ago.(文字是约5000年前苏美尔人发明
的。)”，空后说“One example is The Code of Hammurabi. It was a list of laws written on a huge stone block for all
to see.(《汉谟拉比法典》就是一个例子。它是写在一块巨大的石头上供所有人观看的法律清单。)”，这说明苏
美尔人发明文字是对政府有帮助的，C选项“They used writing to make their government work better.(他们用文字
使政府工作得更好。)”说明了发明文字对政府的帮助，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。
17．空后说“The rule said that the worker would have to pay a fine.(规定说工人必须支付罚款。)”，G选项“One
rule explained what would happen if a government worker didn’t do his job well.(一条规定解释了如果政府工作人员
没有做好工作会发生什么。)”中的One rule和后面的The rule相一致，空后详细解释了这个规定的内容，因此
G选项引起下文，符合语境，故选G。18．空后说“It was an epic poem (史诗) called The Epic of Gilgamesh.(这是一部史诗，叫做《吉尔伽美什史
诗》。)”，D选项“The Sumerians also created the world’s first written story.(苏美尔人还创造了世界上第一个文
字故事。)”中的“the world’s first written story”即指后面的“The Epic of Gilgamesh”，且在句式上和前两段第一
句一致，因此D选项引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
19．空前说“As a result, the Sumerians could study and talk about these big ideas.(因此，苏美尔人可以研究和讨论
这些伟大的思想。)”，A选项“They could also improve these ideas.(他们也可以改进这些想法。)”中的They指
的是前面的the Sumerians，these ideas指的是前面的big ideas，说明了他们在写下想法后还可以改进想法，也
和空后“Writing helped the Sumerians become great thinkers.(文字帮助苏美尔人成为伟大的思想家。)”相呼应，
因此A选项承上启下，符合语境，故选A。
20．空前说“As you have read, writing helped the Sumerians become a great civilization.(正如你所读到的，文字帮
助苏美尔人成就一个伟大的文明。)”，空后说“That is why writing is the most important invention in human
history.(这就是为什么文字是人类历史上最重要的发明。)”，B选项“Writing continues to improve our lives
today.(时至今日，文字仍在不断改善我们的生活。)”说明了文字对我们的意义，和后文说“文字是人类历史上
最重要的发明”相呼应，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
2.(北京交通大学附中 2023 届高三开学英语诊断练习)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Bad News for the Highly Intelligent
There are advantages to being smart. People who do well on IQ tests tend to be more successful in the classroom and
the workplace. They also tend to live longer, healthier lives, and are less likely to experience negative life events.
____35____ In a study, Ruth Karpinski and her colleagues carried out a study on the members of Mensa, a high
IQ society. The study covered mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Respondents were asked to report whether they
had ever suffered from each disorder. The researchers compared the percentage of those who reported disorder to the
national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members were more likely to suffer from a range of serious
disorders.
To explain their findings, Karpinski and his team bring up the hyper brain and hyper body theory. This theory
holds that, for all of its advantages, being highly intelligent is associated with psychological and physiological
“overexcitabilities”, or OE. ___36___This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another
person. According to the theory, OEs are more common in highly intelligent people. A highly intelligent person may
overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to
someone less intelligent. ___37___The results of this study must be interpreted (诠释) cautiously. Showing that a disorder is more common in a
sample of people with high IQs than in the general population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the
disorder. ___38___All the same, the findings set the stage for research that promises to cast new light on the link
between intelligence and health. One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect
pleiotropy (基因多效性), which occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics. ___39___ In a
2015 study, Rosalind Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly
explained by genetic factors. From a practical standpoint, this research may lead to insights about how to improve
people’s psychological and physical well-being.
A. Now there’s some bad news for those smart people.
B. There is already some evidence to suggest that this is the case.
C. It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.
D. Scientists did many researches to understand the reasons behind the advantages.
E. That may cause the body’s stress response, which may make the person even more anxious.
F. It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other than just IQ.
G. They found that the differences between the respondents were seen for mood and anxiety disorders.
【答案】35. A 36. C 37. E 38. F 39. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了高智商也会经历负面事件，甚至更容易有精神障碍。
【35题详解】
根据上文“There are advantages to being smart.(聪明是有好处的)”与下文“The researchers compared the
percentage of those who reported disorder to the national average and found that Mensa’s highly intelligent members
were more likely to suffer from a range of serious disorders.(研究人员对比了那些报告失调的人与全国平均水平的
比例，发现门萨的高智商成员更有可能患有一系列严重的失调)”形成正反对比，上文讲述积极意义对高智商者
有利，而下文的消极影响对于高智商者则是坏消息。所以 A 选项Now there’s some bad news for those smart
people.(现在有些坏消息要告诉那些聪明人)符合上下语境。故选A。
36题详解】
根据下文“This can include anything from an astonishing sound to conflict with another person.(这可能包括任何事
情，从惊人的声音到与他人发生冲突)”可知，本句应与an astonishing sound和conflict with another person有关。
据此，C选项It is an unusually strong reaction to an environmental threat or abuse.(这是对环境威胁或虐待的异常
强烈的反应)分别与an astonishing sound、conflict with another person相一致。故选C。
【37题详解】根据上文“A highly intelligent person may overanalyze a disapproving comment made by a boss, imagining negative
outcomes that simply wouldn’t occur to someone less intelligent.(一个高智商的人可能会过度分析老板不赞成的评
论，想象出一些不那么聪明的人不会想到的负面结果)”和“This can include anything from an astonishing sound to
conflict with another person.(这可能包括任何事情，从惊人的声音到与他人发生冲突)”可知，太多的负面结果会
使人焦虑，且高智商人可能会与老板发生矛盾，因此更容易焦虑。E选项That may cause the body’s stress
response, which may make the person even more anxious.(这可能会引起身体的应激反应，从而使人更加焦虑)与文
意相符。故选E。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Showing that a disorder is more common in a sample of people with high IQs than in the general
population doesn’t prove that high intelligence is the cause of the disorder.(研究表明，智商高的人比普通人更容易
患精神障碍，这并不能证明高智商是导致精神障碍的原因)”可知，高智商人更容易患精神障碍的原因可能不是
高智商，而是其他原因。F选项It’s also possible that people who join Mensa differ from other people in ways other
than just IQ.(也有可能加入门萨的人除了智商之外还有其他不同之处)符合文意。故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“One possibility is that associations between intelligence and health outcomes reflect pleiotropy , which
occurs when a gene influences seemingly unrelated characteristics.(一种可能性是，智力和健康结果之间的关联反
映了多效性，当一个基因影响看似不相关的基因时就会发生这种多效性特征)”和下文“In a 2015 study, Rosalind
Arden and her colleagues concluded that the association between IQ and living longer is mostly explained by genetic
factors.(在罗莎琳德·阿登和她的同事们在2015年的一项研究中得出结论，智商与长寿之间的关联是不确定的主
要是遗传因素造成的)”可知，上文讲的是一种结论，而后文则是一项实际研究的结果。B选项There is already
some evidence to suggest that this is the case.(已经有一些证据表明这是事实)符合上下语境。故选B。
3.（2022学年第一学期浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟返校联考）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese people may not be that familiar with sports tourism but it is one of the fastest growing sectors of tourism,
because an increasing number of people are showing interest in sports activities during tours even if sports is not the
main objective of their travel. ____11____.
Sports tourism refers to tourism involving participation in or watching sports events and staying in an environment
different from the usual tourist hotels or resorts. ____12____. At that time, people traveled to Olympia to watch or take
part in Olympic competitions. Modern sports tourism, on the other hand, started in the 1990s.
____13____. There is also a lack of research to study its true potential. However, given that Chinese authoritiesattach great importance to people's health, sports tourism, in many ways, can meet people's demand for both leisure and
physical activity while leading to consumption upgrading and development of the tourism industry. The success of the
Beijing Winter Olympics in promoting winter sports has led to the dramatic increase in the demand for sports tourism
and the gradual but steady integration of sports and tourism.
Sports tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry today, with an annual growth rate of about 15
percent globally. ____14____.
Also, the integration of sports and tourism products will to eventually lead to the integration of the sports and
tourism markets to meet people's diversified consumption demand. Rural tourism, consist of fishing, hiking, horse
riding and other outdoor activities. ____15____. This form of tourism, too, has been attracting many tourists.
In short, the rapid growth of sports tourism will help meet people's leisure needs and boost the high-quality
development in China.
A. It plays a vital role in rural construction.
B. But sports tourism is still a new sector in China.
C. However, this sector has long drawn people's attention in China.
D. The origin of sports tourism can be traced back to Ancient Greece.
E. In China, however, the growth rate is 30-40 percent despite a slow start.
F. Marathons, cycling, hiking and camping fall in this part of sports tourism.
G. The government can address some of the challenges of rapidly aging society.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. B 14. E 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了目前体育旅游在旅游行业中发展比较快，受到很多人欢迎。这个行业
在中国起步较晚，但发展迅速。体育旅游在中国的发展有助于满足人们的休闲需求，推动中国进一步高质量的
发展。
【11题详解】
根据上文“Chinese people may not be that familiar with sports tourism but it is one of the fastest growing sectors of
tourism, because an increasing number of people are showing interest in sports activities during tours even if sports is
not the main objective of their travel. (中国人可能不太熟悉体育旅游，但它是旅游业增长最快的领域之一，因为
越来越多的人在旅游期间对体育活动表现出兴趣，即使体育不是他们旅游的主要目的。)”可知，本段作为首段，
主要在引出话题，介绍体育旅游增长速度快，很多游客对其感兴趣。空处继续对体育旅游进行介绍，F项“马
拉松、骑自行车、徒步旅行和露营都属于体育旅游的一部分。”对体育旅游进行举例，符合上下文。故选F项。
【12题详解】根据下文“At that time, people traveled to Olympia to watch or take part in Olympic competitions. (当时，人们前
往奥林匹亚观看或参加奥运会比赛。)”可知，此空应描述过去的事情，与运动旅游的起源有关。D项“运动旅
游的源头可追溯到希腊。”符合上下文语境。故选D项。
【13题详解】
根据上文“Modern sports tourism, on the other hand, started in the 1990s. (从另一方面说，现代体育旅游始于20
世纪90年代。)”以及下文“There is also a lack of research to study its true potential. (目前还缺乏对体育旅游真正
潜力的研究。)”可知，此空应填目前该方面发展的缺陷。根据后文“However, given that Chinese authorities
attach great importance to people's health, sports tourism, in many ways, can meet people's demand for both leisure and
physical activity while leading to consumption upgrading and development of the tourism industry. ” (然而，鉴于中
国当局高度重视人们的健康，体育旅游在许多方面可以满足人们对休闲和体育活动的需求，同时促进消费升级
和旅游业的发展。)”可知，此空要结合中国体育旅游行业的情况。B项“但体育旅游在中国还是一个新兴行
业。”符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【14题详解】
根据上文“Sports tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry today, with an annual growth rate of
about 15 percent globally. (体育旅游是当今旅游业增长最快的部分，全球年增长率约为15%。)”可知，本段是对
运动旅游产业增长速度的数据描述。E选项“然而，在中国，尽管起步缓慢，但增长率为30-40%。”符合上
下文。故选E项。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Rural tourism, consist of fishing, hiking, horse riding and other outdoor activities. (乡村旅游，包括钓鱼、
徒步旅行、骑马和其他户外活动。)”可知，本段与乡村旅游有关。A项“它在乡村建设中起着关键作用。”符
合文意。故选A项。
4. (北师大实验中学高三第二学期热身练习)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两
项为多余选项。
Most of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot — on average, five hours 49
minutes each day, which means we typically have somewhere between 36 and 40 hours available to be spent every
week however we want. So why don’t we feel time — rich? _____35_____
One is that we earn more, so time feels more expensive. Then there’s the way we’ve come to see busyness as a
status symbol: important people are busy, so we want to be busy, too. Add to that the flood of incoming emails and
texts, along with the endless ocean of possibilities, and it’s easy to see where time goes.A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us
anxious. ____36____ This fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it
with our leisure time, too. When we’re playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one
group of friends, we post pictures to show another._____37_____
We’re also addicted to our devices. In 2007, the amount of leisure time we spent on devices like smart-phones
could be measured in minutes. Now, we spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. _____38_____
You might be wondering why you need help deciding how to spend your free time — after all you know the sort of
things you enjoy, so what could be so difficult? Psychologist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi has a surprising opinion on it.
“The popular assumption is that no skills are involved in enjoying free time, anybody can do it. Yet the evidence
suggests the opposite; free time is more difficult to enjoy than work.” Worryingly, scientists have found that people are
often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken one. ____39____ The question still remains unsettled.
A. So we try to push back the tide and keep up by multi-tasking.
B. No wonder people say they’re too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.
C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?
D. How can we learn to spend time in a way that’s more likely to lead to happiness and success?
E. It’s something that economist have been puzzling over and they’ve identified several reasons.
F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.
G. This is something sociologists call “polluted time”.
【答案】35. E 36. A 37. G 38. B 39. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们觉得时间不够用的原因：钱赚得多觉得时间更贵；经常和别人作比
较；在移动设备上花费更多的时间等，然而怎样更好的度过空闲的时间仍然是一个很难解决的问题。
【35题详解】
上文提到“So why don’t we feel time — rich?”（那么为什么我们不觉得时间充裕呢?），由此可知，文章接下来
给出了人们觉得时间不够用的几个原因，E项“这是经济学家一直在思考的问题，他们找出了几个原因。”起
到承上启下的作用，使得上下文连贯。故选E。
【36题详解】
上文提到“A second factor is the comparison we make between what we can do and what others are doing, making us
anxious. ”（第二个因素是我们把自己能做的和别人正在做的做比较，这让我们感到焦虑。），后文提到“This
fools us into thinking we’re being more productive with our work time, so we try to do it with our leisure time, too.”
（这让我们误以为我们在工作时间更有效率，所以我们也试着在休闲时间这么做。）作者提到人们觉得自己时间不够用的原因是因为会跟别人比较，赶超别人，后文提到人们在休闲的时候也会经常很多事情一起做。A项
“因此，我们试图逆潮流而动，同时处理多项任务。”，使得后文衔接流畅，上下文连贯。故选A。
【37题详解】
前文提到“When we’re playing with our kids, we check Facebook. When we’re hanging out with one group of
friends, we post pictures to show another.”（当我们和孩子们一起玩的时候，我们会查看Facebook。当我们和一
群朋友出去玩时，我们会上传照片给另一群朋友看。）人们在休闲时做一件事的时候总会“三心二意”地做其
他的事情，使得本应该纯粹的时间不再纯粹。G项“这就是社会学家所说的“被污染的时间”。”符合该段大
意，故选G。
【38题详解】
第四段第一句提到“We’re also addicted to our devices. ”（我们也对电子设备上瘾。）且前文提到“Now, we
spend on average 3.5 hours a day online. ”（现在，我们平均每天花3.5小时上网。），第一段提到“five hours 49
minutes each day”（我们平均每天有5小时49分钟的休闲时间），可知人们花很多的时间在电子设备上，因此
都没有什么时间在其他休闲活动上。B项“难怪人们说他们太忙了，没有时间看朋友、锻炼或睡觉。”符合文
意。故选B。
【39题详解】
前文提到“Worryingly, scientists have found that people are often no happier after a holiday than if they’d never taken
one.”（令人担忧的是，科学家们发现，人们在度假后往往并不比从未度假时更快乐。）后文提到“ The
question still remains unsettled. ”（这个问题仍然没有解决。）由此判断，空处应提出如何使得自己的休闲时间
过得更快乐这一问题。D项“我们怎样才能学会把时间花在更有可能带来幸福和成功的事情上呢?”起到承上启
下的作用，使文章衔接流畅。故选D。
5.(2022届广西柳州高级中学高考模拟英语试题)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
I Spent a Year in Space, and I Have Tips on Isolation (隔离) to Share
Being stuck at home can be challenging. When I lived on the International Space Station for nearly a year, it
wasn’t easy. But I learned some things that I’d like to share, as we all block ourselves at home to help stop the spread of
the coronavirus. ___16___, from someone who has been there.
Follow a schedule
On the space station, my time was scheduled tightly, ___17___. You will find carrying out a plan will help you
and your family adjust to a different work and home life environment. When I returned to Earth, I even missed the daily
life structure it had provided and found it hard to live without.
___18___When you stay in a small space, you may need a way out of current environment. Some people are surprised to
learn I brought books with me to space. The quiet and concentration you can find in a physical book — one that doesn’t
remind you of checking mails — is priceless.
You can also practice a musical instrument, try a craft, or make some art. ___19___.
Go outside
One of the things I missed most while living in space was being able to go outside and experience nature. After
being confined to a small space for months, I actually started to crave nature — the color green, the smell of fresh dirt,
and the feel of warm sun on my face.
For an astronaut going outside is a dangerous undertaking that requires days of preparation. I therefore
，
appreciate that in our current status (状态), ___20___ — no spacesuit needed.
We are all connected
Seen from space, the Earth has no borders. The spread of the coronavirus is showing us that what we share is much
more powerful than what keeps us apart, for better or for worse.
A. You need a hobby
B. You need a physical book
C. Here are a few tips on living in isolation
D. Astronauts take time for all of these while in space
E. from the moment I woke up to when I went to sleep
F. I can step outside any time I want for a walk or a hike
G. You don’t need to work out two and a half hours a day
【答案】16. C 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文。作者根据自己在太空的经验，介绍了几种疫情之下隔离在家愉悦自己的建议。
【16题详解】
根据大标题“I Spent a Year in Space, and I Have Tips on Isolation (隔离) to Share (我在太空待了一年，我有一些
关于隔离的建议可以分享)”以及空前句“But I learned some things that I’d like to share, as we all block ourselves at
home to help stop the spread of the coronavirus. (但当我们都把自己关在家里，以帮助阻止冠状病毒的传播的时候，
我学到了一些我想分享的东西。)”可知，接下来要讲到“关于隔离的建议”，而且分析篇章结构可知，空处位
于第一段端末，之后的篇幅都有小标题，可知空处应为引起下文的中心句。故选C项。
【17题详解】
根据小标题“Follow a schedule (遵循时间表)”可知，作者这一段分享的建议是关于“遵循时间表”以及空前“On the space station, my time was scheduled tightly, (在空间站，我的时间安排得很紧，)”可知，逗号后分句要
承接空前的“时间安排得很紧”介绍时间紧的程度。故选E项。
【18题详解】
设空为小标题，应为下文的中心句。根据第三段最后一句“The quiet and concentration you can find in a physical
book — one that doesn’t remind you of checking mails — is priceless. (你能在一本实体书中找到的安静和专注——
一本不会提醒你查看邮件的书——是无价的。)”以及第四段第一句“You can also practice a musical instrument,
try a craft, or make some art.(你也可以练习一种乐器，尝试一门手艺，或者创造一些艺术。 )”可知，作者在分
享打发时间的一些爱好。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据第三段第一句“When you stay in a small space, you may need a way out of current environment.(当你呆在一个
小空间里时，你可能需要一个摆脱当前环境的方法。)”以及空前“You can also practice a musical instrument, try
a craft, or make some art. (你也可以练习一种乐器，尝试一门手艺，或者创造一些艺术。)”可知，宇航员在狭小
的空间也会找到自己的爱好，且D项中的代词these指代前文提到的各种爱好。故选D项。
【20题详解】
根据小标题“Go outside (去户外)”可知，作者这一段分享的建议是关于“去户外”，且根据空前“For an
astronaut, going outside is a dangerous undertaking that requires days of preparation. I therefore appreciate that in our
current status(状态), _______ — no spacesuit needed.(对于宇航员来说，外出是一项危险的任务，需要几天的准
备时间。因此，在我们目前的状态下，_______——不需要宇航服。)”可知，作者在目前的情况下，更喜欢外
出散步或者徒步这样的户外活动。故选F项。
6.(云南省昆明市云南师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期适应性月考)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Apologies are commonly known as a sign of empathy(共情) in the workplace. But over-apologizing or
excessively saying sorry when you don’t need to is a bad habit that can weaken your authority, and more importantly, it
hurts your pride. ___36___, what can you do? Below are four alternatives to saying “I’m sorry”:
When someone bumps(撞) into you or they’re in your way
When someone bumps into you, saying excuse me or pardon me is more appropriate than saying sorry. ___37___.
When you have a question
Practice speaking up in meetings without apologizing first. You’re not interrupting or annoying if you have a
question, so don’t assume you are.
___38___
“Thank you.” These two words are often more powerful than an apology. Try replacing feelings of shame withgratitude. Saying “Thank you. Let’s begin.” acknowledges that your colleagues waited for you.
When someone makes an unreasonable request for your time
Instead, say, “No, I’m not able to do that.” If people make unreasonable requests for your time, it’s wise to learn
how to push back. ___39___. You may be worried about saying “no” because you fear people will dislike you or get
upset. Typically, the opposite is true, and people will respect your honesty.
___40___ On the contrary, a well-placed apology can be very powerful.
A. Don’t apologize for taking up space
B. We cannot say “no” randomly
C. When a colleague offers you good advice
D. When you’re late for a meeting and make others wait
E. If you find yourself falling into the habit of over-apologizing
F. Remember, saying you’re sorry isn’t necessarily a sign of weakness
G. Stating your limits and expectations clearly doesn’t mean you’re being difficult
【答案】36. E 37. A 38. D 39. G 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了避免过度道歉的几个方案。
【36题详解】
根据上文“But over-apologizing or excessively saying sorry when you don’t need to is a bad habit that can weaken
your authority, and more importantly, it hurts your pride.(但在不需要的时候过度道歉是一个坏习惯，会削弱你的权
威，更重要的是，它会伤害你的自尊心)”以及后面的“what can you do?”可知，空格处应对“over-apologizing”
提出一个假设条件。E项“If you find yourself falling into the habit of over-apologizing(如果你发现自己陷入了过
度道歉的习惯)”符合上下文逻辑，故选E。
【37题详解】
根据小标题“When someone bumps (撞)into you or they’re in your way(当有人撞到你或者他们挡了你的路)”可知，
本段主要介绍有人撞到你或者挡了你的路时不过度道歉的处理方式。A项“Don’t apologize for taking up
space(不要为占用空间而道歉)”符合上下文逻辑，故选A。
【38题详解】
根据下文“Saying “Thank you. Let’s begin.” acknowledges that your colleagues waited for you.(说“谢谢你，让我
们开始吧。”表示你的同事在等你)”可知，本段叙述的场景应为当你迟到或让他人等待，你应该感谢他人而不
是道歉。D项“When you’re late for a meeting and make others wait(当你开会迟到了，以及让别人等你)”符合文
意，故选D。【39题详解】
根据上文“If people make unreasonable requests for your time, it’s wise to learn how to push back.(如果有人对你的
时间提出不合理的要求，明智的做法是学习如何推拒)”可知，人们要适度拒绝。G项“Stating your limits and
expectations clearly doesn't mean you're being difficult(明确说明你的限制和期望并不意味着你很难)”符合文意，
故选G。
【40题详解】
根据空后的“On the contrary, a well-placed apology can be very powerful.(相反，一个恰当的道歉可能非常有力)”
可知，空格处与下文内容构成转折关系。F项“Remember, saying you're sorry isn't necessarily a sign of
weakness(记住，说对不起不一定是软弱的表现)”跟其后面的内容构成转折关系，故选F。
7.（2022学年第一学期浙江省七彩阳光新高考研究联盟返校联考）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Chinese people may not be that familiar with sports tourism but it is one of the fastest growing sectors of tourism,
because an increasing number of people are showing interest in sports activities during tours even if sports is not the
main objective of their travel. ____11____.
Sports tourism refers to tourism involving participation in or watching sports events and staying in an environment
different from the usual tourist hotels or resorts. ____12____. At that time, people traveled to Olympia to watch or take
part in Olympic competitions. Modern sports tourism, on the other hand, started in the 1990s.
____13____. There is also a lack of research to study its true potential. However, given that Chinese authorities
attach great importance to people's health, sports tourism, in many ways, can meet people's demand for both leisure and
physical activity while leading to consumption upgrading and development of the tourism industry. The success of the
Beijing Winter Olympics in promoting winter sports has led to the dramatic increase in the demand for sports tourism
and the gradual but steady integration of sports and tourism.
Sports tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry today, with an annual growth rate of about 15
percent globally. ____14____.
Also, the integration of sports and tourism products will to eventually lead to the integration of the sports and
tourism markets to meet people's diversified consumption demand. Rural tourism, consist of fishing, hiking, horse
riding and other outdoor activities. ____15____. This form of tourism, too, has been attracting many tourists.
In short, the rapid growth of sports tourism will help meet people's leisure needs and boost the high-quality
development in China.
A. It plays a vital role in rural construction.
B. But sports tourism is still a new sector in China.C. However, this sector has long drawn people's attention in China.
D. The origin of sports tourism can be traced back to Ancient Greece.
E. In China, however, the growth rate is 30-40 percent despite a slow start.
F. Marathons, cycling, hiking and camping fall in this part of sports tourism.
G. The government can address some of the challenges of rapidly aging society.
【答案】11. F 12. D 13. B 14. E 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了目前体育旅游在旅游行业中发展比较快，受到很多人欢迎。这个行业
在中国起步较晚，但发展迅速。体育旅游在中国的发展有助于满足人们的休闲需求，推动中国进一步高质量的
发展。
【11题详解】
根据上文“Chinese people may not be that familiar with sports tourism but it is one of the fastest growing sectors of
tourism, because an increasing number of people are showing interest in sports activities during tours even if sports is
not the main objective of their travel. (中国人可能不太熟悉体育旅游，但它是旅游业增长最快的领域之一，因为
越来越多的人在旅游期间对体育活动表现出兴趣，即使体育不是他们旅游的主要目的。)”可知，本段作为首段，
主要在引出话题，介绍体育旅游增长速度快，很多游客对其感兴趣。空处继续对体育旅游进行介绍，F项“马
拉松、骑自行车、徒步旅行和露营都属于体育旅游的一部分。”对体育旅游进行举例，符合上下文。故选F项。
【12题详解】
根据下文“At that time, people traveled to Olympia to watch or take part in Olympic competitions. (当时，人们前
往奥林匹亚观看或参加奥运会比赛。)”可知，此空应描述过去的事情，与运动旅游的起源有关。D项“运动旅
游的源头可追溯到希腊。”符合上下文语境。故选D项。
【13题详解】
根据上文“Modern sports tourism, on the other hand, started in the 1990s. (从另一方面说，现代体育旅游始于20
世纪90年代。)”以及下文“There is also a lack of research to study its true potential. (目前还缺乏对体育旅游真正
潜力的研究。)”可知，此空应填目前该方面发展的缺陷。根据后文“However, given that Chinese authorities
attach great importance to people's health, sports tourism, in many ways, can meet people's demand for both leisure and
physical activity while leading to consumption upgrading and development of the tourism industry. ” (然而，鉴于中
国当局高度重视人们的健康，体育旅游在许多方面可以满足人们对休闲和体育活动的需求，同时促进消费升级
和旅游业的发展。)”可知，此空要结合中国体育旅游行业的情况。B项“但体育旅游在中国还是一个新兴行
业。”符合上下文语境。故选B项。
【14题详解】根据上文“Sports tourism is the fastest growing segment of the tourism industry today, with an annual growth rate of
about 15 percent globally. (体育旅游是当今旅游业增长最快的部分，全球年增长率约为15%。)”可知，本段是对
运动旅游产业增长速度的数据描述。E选项“然而，在中国，尽管起步缓慢，但增长率为30-40%。”符合上
下文。故选E项。
【15题详解】
根据上文“Rural tourism, consist of fishing, hiking, horse riding and other outdoor activities. (乡村旅游，包括钓鱼、
徒步旅行、骑马和其他户外活动。)”可知，本段与乡村旅游有关。A项“它在乡村建设中起着关键作用。”符
合文意。故选A项。
8. (北京市八一学校2022-2023学年高三暑期学习反馈英语试题)
Self-esteem is the ruling view you have of yourself. This includes your beliefs about your inner qualities and how
you think others see you. ___35___ Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they are highly functional and
greatly skilled. Understanding this mysterious emotional currency might be the key to unlocking your own self-worth.
People with healthy self-esteem don't need to boast about themselves to others. People with low self-esteem may
tell you how much everyone loves them, what a great job they do at work, and how amazing they are at pretty
everything under the sun even though they really wonder if it's true. People may see them as obnoxious or “full of
themselves”. ___36___ They are not shy about sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others. They also take
care of themselves without second-guessing or apologizing. They are the people who we say seem “sure of
themselves”.
If you're starting to think you may have low self-esteem, you can work on the way you talk to yourself. When you
turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor to positive reinforcements and access the courage to show different
sides of yourself. It isn't going to feel good at first, though. Keep going until it becomes less and less and maybe even a
few awkward laughs in the mirror may help. ___37___However, in serious cases of low or even non-existent self-esteem, you may want to call in a professional or a
specialist. Good mental health is important, and professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give
corrections. ___38___ It is the best way to get at the roots of your real self-esteem problems.
___39___ It will take some work but your entire life — from your relationships to your body image to your work
habits — will be touched with the kind of power that only comes from someone believing in themselves. This is the
hardest part, and the greatest leap. With some changes and support, you can improve your self-esteem and see how
everything else changes as a result.
A．Self-esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.
B．You have the power to shape a new self-perception.
C．This encourages you to speak openly without worry.
D．The real test of character is whether they can learn from their mistakes.
E．Self-esteem refers to a person's overall sense of his or her value or worth.
F．People with a healthy level of self-esteem present themselves with a casual confidence.
G．With some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-worth.
【答案】35．A 36．F 37．G 38．C 39．B
【导语】文章是一篇说明文，讲述了自尊的定义，拥有健康自尊的人们的特征和低自尊人群对自身的危害，最
后对于如何正确提升自尊给出了建议。
35．空格下文“ Someone can develop low self-esteem even when they are highly functional and greatly skilled.”
（有些人即使很能干、很有技能，也可能会发展出低自尊。）这个例子与空格前没有呼应，选项 A“Self-
esteem is not always rooted in reality, though.”（然而，自尊并不总是根植于现实。）与这个例子存在论点和论据
的关系，故选择A。
36．这段第一句“People with healthy self-esteem don't need to boast about themselves to others. ”（有健康自尊的
人不需要向别人吹嘘自己。）可见，整一段都在讲健康自尊的人们。再者空格后“They are not shy about
sharing ideas, including constructive criticisms of others. ”（他们不羞于分享想法，包括对他人的建设性批评。）
可知，选项F的“People with a healthy level of self-esteem ”与整段的指代一致，故选择F。37．根据空格前“When you turn off negative self-talk, you can open the floor.....Keep going until it becomes less and
less and maybe even a few awkward laughs in the mirror may help.”(当你停止消极的自我对话时，你就能敞开心
扉......继续，直到它变得越来越少，也许甚至是在镜子里的几个尴尬的笑可能会有帮助。)可知，讲述改变低自
尊状态的方法，与选项 G"With some practice and persistence, you will win this internal struggle to see your self-
worth."(通过一些练习和坚持，你会赢得这场内在的斗争，看到你的自我价值。),中的练习和坚持这些方法相对
应，故选G。
38．空格前“professionals doing psychotherapy do not pass judgement or give corrections. ”（做心理治疗的专业人
员不会通过判断或给予纠正。）可知，这个现象与选项C中指代的this指代一致，专业人员不会判断或者纠正，
所以这将鼓励你去放开说。故选择C.
39．空格后“It will take some work but your entire life—from your relationships to your body image to your work
habits”（这需要付出一些努力，但你的整个生活——从你的人际关系到你的身体形象，再到你的工作习惯），
可知it 指代与选项B"You have the power to shape a new self-perception(你有能力塑造一种新的自我认知)相一致，
可知新的自我认知需要一些努力，但会让你受益颇多。故选择B.
