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必修三 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
Part 1 单元语法讲义--省略
Part 2 读后续写素材--如何避开“对话”五大误区
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
Part 1 单元语法讲义--省略
省略句是我们在学习英语过程中能不断体验收获和趣味的一种惯用手法，无论是说话还是写作，都要
求生动活泼，简明扼要。按照语法的分析, 有时句子应具备的成分出于修辞上的需要, 会缺少一个或
几个句子语法结构所必要的语言成分，但在一定语境中可独立存在，仍能表达其意义完整并发挥交流
功能的句子则被称为省略句。省略的结果不仅能使句子结构更加精练，而且可起到连接上下文并使相
邻词语达到强调的作用。
1：状语从句的省略（重点）
在when, while, whenever, before， after，till, if, unless, as if, though, than, as等引导时间状语从
句，条件状语从句和让步状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而从句主语又与主句主语相同或从句主语
是it时，从句的主语和be动词常被省略。
（1）状语从句含有it is或者主从句主语一致且含有be动词时，省略主语和be动词。
（2）从属连词接现在分词强调与句子主语之间的主动关系，用过去分词强调二者之间被动关系。
例1：If (it is) necessary, you’d better refer to the dictionary. 如果有必要，你最好查字典。
例2：While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called. 走在大街上我听到有人叫我名字。
例3：The activity is more interesting than (it was) expected. 这个活动比预计的有趣很多。
[注意] 特殊的省略结构：if省略结构，常作为插入语来处理。
if so 如果这样的话； if not 若非如此 ； if ever 如果曾经有的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话； if possible 如果可能的话； if any 如果有的话
If possible，let me know beforehand. 如有可能，事先通知我。
（4）Get up early tomorrow, if not (you don't get up early), you will miss the first train.
明天早点起床，如果不的话，你将会错过头班车。
（5）Whenever (it is) possible, he will come to my help.
他会在任何可能的时候来帮助我。
[注意] 虚拟语气条件句中if的省略.
与If引导的条件从句中含有were, had时，可将if省略, 并用倒装结构。Were I you , I wouldn’t go with him.
2：定语从句中的省略
（1）在定语从句中，当先行词在句中作宾语时，可省略关系代词that/which/whom。
例1：This is the dictionary (that/which) I’m looking for. 这是我在寻找的那本字典。
例2：The boy (who/whom) you are talking with is my eider brother. 和你谈话的那个男孩是我的哥哥。
（2）定语从句先行词是the way并在从句充当方式状语时，定语从句用in which 或that引导，其中that
可以省略。
例3：I appreciate the way (that) she spoke to me. 我喜欢她给我说话的方式。
3：宾语从句中的省略
（1）一个句子含有两个宾语从句时，第一个that可以省略，第二个不能省略。
例1：I think (that) he needs some help and that we should help him. 我认为他需要帮助，我们应该帮助他。
（2）省略了一个宾语从句或从句的一部分，用so或not代替。
例2：—Is he coming back tonight? 今天晚上他要回来吗？
—I think so. 我认为是这样的。
例3：—Is he feeling better today? 今天他觉得好点了吗？
—I’m afraid not. 恐怕没有。
4：动词不定式的省略
（1）感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略 to；下列句型常省略不定式符号to：may as well do sth;
had better do, do nothing but do sth; can’t help but do sth. Why not sth? prefer to do…rather than do sth,
would rather do…than do…等。
例1：We saw a pretty girl pass by just now. 刚才我们看见一个漂亮的女孩经过。
例2：Why not join us in playing basketball? 为什么不和我们一块打篮球呢？
（2）在特定上下文中，为了避免重复，不定式可以省略但通常保留不定式符号to。
例：I didn’t want to go there, but I had to. 我不想去那里，但又不得不去。
(3)省略不定式符号to的情况。
a．当主语部分含有动词do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可省略to。
The only thing you have to do is open the door.你唯一要做的事情打开门。
b．不定式作介词but(除了), except的宾语，前面有实义动词do的某种形式时，不定式常省略to。
I can do nothing but wait here.我除了在这里等无事可做。
c．当两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，后面的不定式符号 to可省略，但表示对比关系时则不能省略。
I'm really puzzled what to think of and express.我真的不知道想什么和表达什么。
It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.制订计划比执行计划容易。
[名师点睛] 省略句中to的遗漏
【误】She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not.
【正】She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not to.
[分析] 动词不定式在 like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try,
promise等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式后的内容，但要保留不定式符号to。
d．在see, watch, hear, feel, observe, notice, look at, listen to等感官动词及使役动词let, make, have后
作宾语补足语的不定式不加to，但当宾语补足语变为主语补足语时，不定式要加上to。
She saw him walk into the house.她看到他走进了那座房子。
He was seen to walk into the house.有人看到他走进了那座房子。
He had two boys wash his car.他让两个男孩给他洗车。
e．you'd better/why not后跟不带to的不定式。
Why not try it again?为什么不再试试？
注意：do what we can to do... 全力以赴去做...
5：介词的省略
（1）both 后常跟of短语，其后可以接名词复数形式，也可以接代词宾格复数形式。
接复数名词时，介词of可以省略，但接代词宾格时，of不能省略。
Both (of) the films were interesting. 这两部电影都很有趣。
She invited both of us to her birthday party. 她邀请我们俩去参加她的生日派对。
（2）在现在完成时表持续和重复的句型中，一段时间前的介词for可以省略。
（3）和一些动词搭配构成的短语中的介词
consider... (as)..., spend/waste…(in) doing花费、浪费时间做某事；be busy/occupied (in) doing 忙于做某
事；prevent/stop …(from) doing阻止某人做某事；have a hard time (in) doing做某事有困难；have trouble
(in) doing做某事有困难；There is no points/sense (in) doing做……没有用；have fun (in) doing做……开
心。（4）his, that, next, last后接时间名词时，前边省略介词。
Trees can prevent the earth (from) being washed away. 树能阻止泥土被冲走。
I have difficulty (in) finding his house.
例1：She is occupied looking after her sick grandma. 她忙于照料她生病的奶奶。
例2：The police have been trying to prevent them carrying weapons. 警方一直都设法阻止他们携带武器。用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。
6：比较句中的省略
以than/as引起的从句中，常会省略主语。因为主语省略了，所以尤其要注意识别哪个词是省略了的主语，
进而选择谓语的数、时态和语态。
He is more of a writer than a historian. 他是历史学家，但更可以说是位作家。
He is more brilliant than ever before.他比以往更高明。
7: I'm afraid, I think, I believe, I hope, I guess等作答句，后面跟so与not分别相当于肯定或否定，宾语从
句可省去。
（1）Do you think it will snow?
—I hope not/that it will not snow.
——你认为会下雪吗？
——我希望不要下。
（2）—Do you believe Jim will come?
—I think so.
——你相信Jim会来吗？
——我想会赢。
Part 2 读后续写素材--如何避开“对话”五大误区
误区一：废话连篇
不要用无助于故事情节发展、不能精准刻画人物性格、偏离文章主线的对话。
现实生活中这样的对话很真实，但小说毕竟是艺术加工，所以无助情节发展、不能刻画人物性格的日常寒
暄和偏离文章主线的对话绝对不能用。
误区二：过于花哨
不可过度强调对话的方式。
“That is a fantastic news,”he said happily.此句完全没有必要加上一个happily来表达说话的方式，因为句中的fantastic一词足以说明说话人的表情，
过度强调会让读者的注意力集中在“说话的方式”而不是“说话的内容”上。可改为:“That is a fantastic
news!” he said/screamed/exclaimed.一个感叹号和一个fantastic已经足以让读者想象当时的情景。
适当的“艺术留白”也是需要的，这样会留给读者想象的空间，
另一种避免过度使用对话的方法就是运用动作描写来取代。如:Her eyes reflected the candlelight as she smiled
at her son. Everyone is unique. Just follow your heart and be yourself!’,
误区三：用词不当
禁止错误使用引出对话的单词。
(1)“I can't believe it,, Emma gasped.
(2)“That's hilarious," Henry chuckled.
以上两句是把动作描写和对话混淆了，试想一下，谁能gasp(喘息)、chuckle(轻笑)出一句话?显然这样用词
是不恰当的。可改为:
(1) “I can't believe it,”Emma said with a gasp.(用来引出对话的单词said+with介词短语Emma gasped.)
“I can't believe it.”(动作描写+句号)
“I can't believe it.”Emma gasped.(句号结尾的对话+动作描写
(2) “That's hilarious!”Henry chuckled.(感叹句结束+动作描写)
“That's hilarious,” Henry said, chuckling(用来引出对话的单词said+分词作伴随状语定要注意对话中的标点符
号)
误区四：多此一举
对话对象十分明确的情况下，无须添加用来引出对话的单词。
“I told you already,” I said, glaring.
此句对话中的主语“I”已经清晰地说明了说话者，完全没有必要用“I said”来说明说话对象。
可改为:I glared at him.“I told you already.’加上一些动作描写就可以避免这种错误，还可以让语言更生动。
误区五：频用副词
不可频用副词，让阅卷人觉得词汇匮乏。
“How can you do this?’ she said angrily, looking at me furiously.
此句很短却用了两个副词。过度使用副词只会让阅卷老师觉得学生词汇匮乏。
以下有两种避免过度使用副词的方法:(1)积累相关的能突出表达各种情景和情感的词汇。(3) 穿插动作描写辅助对话，刻画人物心情比较:she said, her voice implying.
“That's not what you said yesterday,’”she was withdrawing.
“That's not what you said yesterday.’She hesitated, turned and walked to the window.
评析:两句话都不错，但第二句更高一筹。第一句用了imply和withdraw两个单词来说明主语she的心情，
而第二句hesitate和后面的动作描写让主语she的犹豫心情跃然纸上。小说要的就是这种表达方式。
分析对话实例，揭示对话秘诀
Example 1
原文内容:作者爸爸在阳台种植康乃馨，悉心呵护，作者一家都非常喜欢这些花。爸妈再三强调不允许作者
和他姐姐触碰这些花。
To our surprise, Dad was mad about it, yelling at us, “Don't you know touching is not allowed? What on earth have
you done?,
赏析:反意疑问句和on earth的使用加强了语气，凸显了父亲的生气。
Example 2
原文内容:母亲去世，哥哥外出。父女相约吃饭，引发了女儿对母亲和哥哥的思念，父亲读懂了女儿内心的
想法，安慰女儿: 母亲在天堂一定希望他们过得快乐，现在他们需要做的就是珍惜身边的人。
Seeing this, my father lovingly held my hands and said to me, “Sweetheart, I believe your mother must want you to
live happily, so say goodbye to the past and embrace the present. Your brother and I will always be with you.”
赏析:情感类的对话要求感人，触及内心，这点此对话做得不错。
对此对话提出两点建议:
①文中的and said to me可删去，因为对话对象非常清楚，肯定是和我说。②文中的your mother显得太疏远，亲人间相互称呼用Mom即可，这样更真实，贴近生活。
Example 3
原文内容:作者家里突然停电，虽然弟弟觉得停电期间非常无聊，但是作者却非常享受停电的时间，享受
“没有现代电子科技带来的干扰的”宁静片刻。
Bzzz! The lights return. “Yeah, no more candles!’ My mother yells, pulling me away from my fantasy.
赏析:对话简洁自然，表达了说话者恢复用电时候的兴奋，对话外的词汇用得也很出色，分词的使用既丰富
了语言也推动了情节的进一步发展。
Example 4
原文内容:主人公Jenny通过自身的劳动获得了心爱的项链，形影不离。父亲每日给她讲睡前故事。父亲故
意试探女儿，问是否可以把项链给他。Jenny深爱爸爸但不舍得自己努力得来的项链。
A week later, her father once again asked Jenny after her story. “Jenny, you love me, don't you? Give me your
pearls, okay?” “Daddy, why must you ask for the pearls?" Jenny refused again. “Not only did I finish all those
chores, but also I spent the dollar bill given for my birthday just to pay for it.” They both fell into silence. Then
her father smiled, comforting her with a warm hug. “That's okay.darling. Good night.”
赏析:此文运用了大量的对话，主要是考虑到与前文的协同。大量的父女间的对话穿插一些旁白或动作描写
很好地刻画了人物之间的冲突，细腻生动地刻画了人物心情。一般的读后续写不建议用太多的对话。适当
的对话可以打破单调，推动情节，刻画人物性格。
建议:
①“Not only did I finish all those chores, but also I spent the dollar bill given for my birthday just to pay for it.”此
句似乎为了使用not only..., but also的倒装句型而写对话，显得很不自然。语句太长反而不能表达小女孩当
时的生气。建议改为“It's mine! My efforts!” 会显得更加简洁自然，同样起到了表达效果，符合人在生气
时候的说话方式:短句、不完整句!
②“Jenny raised her head,”此处的逗号要改为句号。此句只能作为动作描写，而不能当作用来引出对话的句
子。
Part 3 单元语法+读后续写即时检测
一、语法填空
1．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）The new hybrid grains are firmer than natural grains, and when
(cook) they maintain their traditional appearance.
【答案】cooked
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：这种新的杂交谷物比天然谷物更坚固，煮熟后仍保持传统外观。这
里为状语从句的省略形式，完整形式为“when they are cooked”，主从句主语一致，可将从句主语和“be”动词同时省略。故填cooked。
2．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）I learned this while (take) care of a seagull unfortunate enough to
swallow a hook.
【答案】taking
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：我学到以上这些是在我照看一只不够走运吞了挂钩的海鸥期间。
while引导从句的主语与主句主语一致，为I，I与take care of之间为主动关系，还原完整的主谓结构应为
“while I was taking care of …”, 从句中主语与be动词可以省略，其省略形式为“while taking care of…”。
故填taking。
3．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）When (speak) by a stranger, they can function as a
(mean) of attracting your attention.
【答案】 spoken means
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。句意：当一个陌生人说话时，它们可以作为吸引你注意力的一种手段。
第一空为状语从句的省略，从句省略主语they和be动词，且主语与speak构成被动关系，应填过去分词
spoken；第二空为短语a means of表示“一种方式”。故填①spoken；②means。
4．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）They could be interpreted a welcoming greeting from a close friend,
especially if (accompany) by a gentle smile.
【答案】 as accompanied
【详解】考查介词短语和状语从句的省略。句意：它们可以被理解为来自亲密朋友的欢迎问候，特别是如
果伴随着温柔的微笑。根据句意及所给句子可知，第一空使用介词短语be interpreted as意为“解释为”；
第二空是if引导的条件状语从句，从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语和主语之间是被动关系，所
以可以省略从句的主语和be动词，第二空应用过去分词。故填①as；②accompanied。
5．（23-24高三上·福建·期末）To any neighboring countries, border issues, unless (handle) properly,
will directly affect the relationship between them and even lead to conflicts.
【答案】handled
【详解】考查状语从句的省略、动词语态。句意：对于任何邻国来说，边界问题如果处理不好，都会直接
影响到邻国之间的关系，甚至引发冲突。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句
含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的条件状语从句完整句子为unless border
issues are_____ (handled) properly，省略border issues are，border issues和 handle“处理”之间是被动关系，
所以unless引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时的被动语态，省略border issues are，保留过去分词。故填
handled。6．（23-24高三下·全国·课后作业）Though (major) in engineering, the lady made every
effort to learn calligraphy which (regard) as an art form.
【答案】 majoring is regarded
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致，省略，固定短语和被动语态。句意：虽然学的是工程专业，但这位女士还
是努力学习被视为一种艺术形式的书法。though引导的让步状语从句意为“虽然她正在学的是工程专业”，
由made可知，从句时态是过去进行时，主语she是单数，因此though引导的从句是though she was
majoring in engineering，状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和
be动词，因此第一空是majoring；书法被认为是一种艺术形式，“被认为”是be regarded as，“书法被认
为是一种艺术形式”是一种客观事实，时态用一般现在时，which指代的是先行词calligraphy，是单数，因
此第二空是is regarded。故填majoring，is regarded。
7．（23-24高三下·全国·课后作业）These mountains are a splendid sight when (view) from the
valley floor.
【答案】viewed
【详解】考查省略句。句意：从谷底往下看，这些山是一幅壮丽的景色。在when引导的时间状语从句中，
主语和主句相同，可以省略从句的主语和系动词。动词view意为“观看”，和主语构成被动关系，且动作
已完成，所以应用过去分词形式。故填viewed。
8．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）As (plan), it will be held on the playground from 5 p. m. to 8 p.
m. next Sunday.
【答案】planned
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：按计划，下周日下午5点到8点在操场举行。分析句意可知，plan
和主语之间是被动关系，所以as从句中要用一般现在时的被动语态，即用it is planed，又因为状语从句中
的主语和主句的主语一致，所以从句中的it is可以省略。故填planned。
9．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）Get up early tomorrow. If , you will miss the early bus.
【答案】not
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：明天早点起床。否则，你将错过早班车。根据“you will miss the
early bus”可知，此处是指如果不早起，if not意为“否则”，为状语从句的省略句式。故填not。
10．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）I learned a lot about agriculture when (pick) fruit on the farm.
【答案】picking
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和省略。句意：在农场摘水果的时候，我学到了很多关于农业的知识。when
引导的时间状语从句意为“当我在农场摘水果的时候”，由learned可知，when引导的从句中时态用过去进行时，主语是I，因此when引导的从句是when I was picking fruit on the farm，时间状语从句中主语和主
句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是picking。故填
picking。
11．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）If (leave) alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their
search for warm shelter.
【答案】left
【详解】考查省略句。句意：如果狗和猫被单独放在外面，它们会非常聪明地寻找温暖的住所。If引导的
条件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，完整的从句是If they are left
alone outside，省略了they are。故填left。
12．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）The Losar celebrations come to an end with a grand ceremony. People
gather in public spaces and light incense (香) and candles offering food, drinks and other items to the
gods.
【答案】while/when
【详解】考查连词。句意：洛萨尔庆典以盛大的仪式结束。人们聚集在公共场所，点燃熏香和蜡烛，向神
灵供奉食物、饮料和其他物品。根据语境可知，句子表示“当人们向神灵供奉食物、饮料和其他物品时，
人们会聚集在公共场所，点燃熏香和蜡烛”，空格处意为“当……的时候”，用while或者when，引导时
间状语从句。当时间状语从句主语和主句主语一致且从句中含有be动词时，可以在从句中省略了主语和
be动词。故填while/when。
13．（2024高三·北京·专题练习）When (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
【答案】seen
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从
句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在
从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式
为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。
14．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）You’d better take the price, the quality and so on into consideration when
(buy).
【答案】buying
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：买的时候你最好把价格、质量等综合考虑一下。分析句子可知，
此处用了when引导时间状语从句，且从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句中含有be动词，因此对主语和
be动词同时进行了省略，buy“购买”和被省略的主语you之间是主动关系，应用buy的现在分词形式，完整形式为when you are buying。故填buying。
15．（2024高三下·全国·专题练习）When (ask) a question in class, you shouldn’t keep silent but
actively answer it.
【答案】asked
【详解】考查状语从句省略。句意：当在课堂上被问到问题时，你不应该保持沉默，而是积极地回答。根
据句意可知，前半句应为When you are asked a question in class，状语从句中主语和从句主语一致， 可以省
略从句主语和be动词，故填asked。
16．（23-24高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）Though (attack) with cancer, he still keeps optimistic.
【答案】attacked
【详解】考查时态，语态和省略。句意：虽然患了癌症，他仍然保持乐观。句子表示“虽然患了癌症，他
仍然保持乐观”，由keeps 可知，句子时态是一般现在时，he和attack是逻辑动宾关系，因此用一般现在
时的被动语态，though引导的让步状语从句是Though he is attacked with cancer，从句中主语和主句主语一
致，且从句中有be动词，因此可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是attacked。故填attacked。
17．（23-24高三上·河南南阳·阶段练习）When (refer) to that incident of last year, he still felt very
frightened.
【答案】referring
【详解】考查状语从句的省略用法。句意：提到去年的那件事，他仍然感到很害怕。分析句子可知，此处
为when引导时间状语从句的省略用法，从句主语he和从句谓语动词短语refer to是主动关系，正在进行的
动作，用be doing形式，当主从句主语一致时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，用现在分词referring。故填
referring。
18．（23-24高三上·黑龙江哈尔滨·开学考试）They landed safely on the island in the Pacific. Everything went
on better than previously (expect).
【答案】expected
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：他们安全降落在太平洋上的那个岛上。一切都比预期的好。分析句
子，连词than引导比较状语从句，从句中省略了it was ，而动词expect和everything之间是被动关系，故
使用过去分词。故填expected。
19．（23-24高三上·河北石家庄·开学考试）Though (lack) money, her parents managed to send
her to college.
【答案】lacking
【详解】考查现在分词。句意：虽然缺钱，她父母还是设法送她上了大学。在though引导的状语从句中，主语和主句相同，所以可以省略从句的主语和系动词，动词lack意为“缺少”，和主语构成主动关系，所
以应用现在分词形式。故填lacking。
20．（23-24高一上·全国·课后作业）As a matter of fact, the sense of smell is used much more frequently than
generally (assume).
【答案】assumed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意为：事实上，嗅觉的使用频率比（人们）一般认为的要高得多。本句
为状语从句的省略，原句为 it is assumed。省略了it is。故填assumed。
（23-24高三下·广东韶关·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一
篇完整的短文。
For more than 20 years I have been traveling the world, preferring often to spend a year or two in different
countries rather than to just visit as a tourist. It has become an important part of my personality as I grew older and
shaped the way I saw the world and myself.
My little taste of this amazing life was when I was 19 years old. I was selected among a small group of
college classmates to spend a year abroad. This was long before people could travel the world through social media
like Facebook and Twitter. In order to see a place, you had to go there and experienced it.
I was raised in a middle-class family and couldn’t afford to travel around the world the way I wished I could.
The only way I knew about the world outside was through letters I wrote to pen pals from over a dozen countries as
a kid, and from television. Growing up, I always loved the very funny British comedies that were shown on local
public television every Saturday night. So when I got the chance to apply for a study abroad program, I chose
London.
Living abroad can be exciting, scary and challenging. I thought it would be easier because I spoke the same
language as the local people did. But I also like to relish (享受) the little differences between the British and
American culture and language. I also learned that in England, they spell words differently than in the U. S. In
British spelling, they put a “u” in words like favor to make it “favour” and an “s” in words like analyze to make it
“analyse”. I was able to adapt quickly to this new way of writing since I was submitting papers all the time for my
classes.
Academically, I got to take classes that weren’t offered at my college back home. For example, I had a
course in sociology and learned about the native people of Papua New Guinea.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: But there were also challenges that year too.
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Paragraph 2: Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick.
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【答案】But there were also challenges that year too. One of my classes was called “Europe Since 1870”. In the
U.S., I would have expected an introductory history class, but in England, I was supposed to have already known
the history. Now was the time to analyze it. That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also
had to try to write a paper explaining why certain events happened as they did. Despite this, I don’t regret anything
about my time in London. Even through painful experiences, I learn to grow.
Sometimes the difficult times made me sad and homesick. But luckily, I met some classmates from all over
the world, and these wonderful interactions with people watered down my negative feelings. I met dozens of
interesting people from places like France, Greece and Germany, Palestine, and Australia. Learning how to make
friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun. Moreover, interacting with these new
friends helps me understand the countries they represent.
【导语】本文以作者对在世界各地旅游的感受为线索展开，讲述了作者在19岁被学校选中去国外度过一年
开始，对国外的生活有了一些体会，作者认为在国外生活是令人兴奋的，可怕的又具有挑战性，从语言和
英美文化的差异到学习课程的不同，作者从多个角度讲述了自己在国外生活的体会和感受。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但那一年也有挑战。”可知，第一段可描写作者遇到了什么样的挑战，与上文内容衔接，应讲述与课程相关的挑战。
②由第二段首句内容“有时困难时期使我悲伤和想家。”可知，第二段可描写作者是如何从悲伤和想家中
走出来的。
2.续写线索：课程挑战——感受如何——困难时期悲伤——化解悲伤的方式——作者的感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①解释：explaining/clarify/make it clear
②冲淡：watered down/weaken
③交流/互动：interacting with/communicate with
情绪类
①痛苦的：painful/miserable/bitter
【点睛】[高分句型1]. That meant I not only had to learn the history as I went along but also had to try to write a
paper explaining why certain events happened as they did. （运用了not only…but also…连接并列句、why引导
的宾语从句作explaining的宾语以及as引导的方式状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Learning how to make friends with people from different cultures and backgrounds is really fun.
（运用了动名词短语作主语以及“疑问词+to do”结构作learning的宾语）
[高分句型3]. Moreover, interacting with these new friends helps me understand the countries they represent.（运
用了动名词短语作主语以及省略关系代词的定语从句）
