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必修第一册 UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
Born in New York in 1918，scientist Gertrude B．Elion had an impressive career，during
which she developed medicines to cure many major diseases.Elion spent her early youth in
Manhattan.She attended senior high school and had，in her words，an unbelievable thirst for
knowledge.
Influenced by the death of her grandfather，who died of cancer，Elion entered Hunter
College at the age of 15 and graduated in chemistry at the age of 19.She had difficulty finding
employment after graduation because many laboratories refused to hire women chemists.She found
a part-time job as a lab assistant and went back to school at New York University.Elion worked as a
high school teacher for a few years after finishing work on her master’s degree.
The start of World War Ⅱ created more opportunities for women.At the age of 26，Elion
was able to get a job at Burroughs Welcome ，where she began a 40-year partnership with
Dr.George H．Hitchings.Her thirst for knowledge impressed Dr.Hitchings，and he permitted her
to take on more responsibility.
Elion and Hitchings set out on a course of creating medicines by studying the chemical
composition of diseased cells.Rather than relying on old trial-and-error methods，they used the
differences in biochemistry between normal human cells and pathogens( 病原体) to design
medicines.In all，Elion obtained 45 patents on medicine and was awarded 23 honorary degrees.
In 1988，Elion received the Nobel Prize for Medicine，together with George H．Hitchings
and Sir James Black.She received other awards for her work，including the National Medal of
Science in 1991，and that same year，she became the first woman to be absorbed into the
National Inventors Hall of Fame.In 1997 ， she was awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime
Achievement Award.
1．What can we say about Elion as a high school student?
A．She had a satisfying part-time job. B．She had a strong desire for learning.
C．She had a gift for chemistry at high school. D．She made great achievements in chemistry.
2．Why did Elion choose to study chemistry at college?
A．To meet her grandfather’s wish. B．To find a good job after graduation.
C．To be a chemistry teacher in the future. D．To create medicines to cure diseases.
3．When did Elion start working for Burroughs Welcome?
A．In 1933. B．In 1937. C．In 1944. D．In 1984.
4．What does the author mainly tell us about Elion in the last paragraph?A．Her honors. B．Her later life.
C．Her interest in chemistry. D．Her significant contributions.
B(★)
Everyone knows what makes a good story.Our hero starts their journey as a flawed being.In
scene after scene，they face challenges that push them down new paths.By the end of the tale，
they overcome setbacks and become a better person in the process.
We love these plots in the novels we read but the principles of a good story offer much more
than entertainment.Recent research shows that the narratives we tell ourselves about our lives can
powerfully help us recover from stress.People who generate tales of struggling and turning over a
new leaf from their own lives appear to have much better mental health.Professor Dan McAdams
put forward this idea and discovered that whether someone can describe having had some control
over events in their past is an important predictor of mental health.Another key theme involved is
finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events.
McAdams invited 14- and 15-year-olds to join in an experiment to write about their
experiences of failure and success.Half of them were then given extra instructions to describe the
ways they had made their success a reality and how the failure had changed them for the
better.Eight weeks later，members of this group reported greater persistence and better grades in
their schoolwork.
Exciting as these results are，some experts sound a few notes of caution.They worry that，
hearing about the power of self-narratives，many people may feel they have to find a positive
turning point in life.If they can’t，they could end up feeling guilty about having somehow
“failed”．
Clearly ， self-narratives aren’t the panacea.Nevertheless ， if you hope for self-
improvement，you can use the findings to good effect.By recognizing ourselves as the hero at the
center of our own struggles，we can all become the author of our own destiny and change
ourselves for the better.
5．What does the research focus on?
A．The causes of stress.
B．The principles of narrative.
C．The connection between struggle and well-being.
D．The link between mental health and self-narratives.
6．Why is the experiment mentioned in paragraph 3?
A．To give proof. B．To make predictions.
C．To draw a conclusion. D．To make comparisons.
7.What does the underlined word “panacea” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Attempt to get rid of worries. B．Means of recognizing yourself.
C．Solution to adolescent problems. D．Guarantee to become better people.8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A．Embrace Life Struggles B．Be Your Own Hero
C．Ways to Make a Good Story D．The Power of Self-improvement
C
Are you a good judge of character？Can you make an accurate judgement of someone’s
personality based only on your first impression of them？Interestingly，the answer lies as much in
them as it does in you.
One of the first people to try to identify good judges of character was US psychologist Henry
F Adams in 1927.His research led him to conclude that people fell into two groups—good judges of
themselves and good judges of others.Adams’s research has been widely criticized since then，
but he wasn’t entirely wrong about there being two clearly different types.
More on that in a moment，but first we need to define what a good judge of character is.Is it
someone who can read personality or someone who can read emotion？Those are two different
skills.Emotions such as anger or joy or sadness can generate easily identifiable physical signs.Most
of us would probably be able to accurately identify these signs，even in a stranger.As such，most
of us are probably good judges of emotion.
In order to be a good judge of personality，however，there needs to be an interaction with
the other person，and that person needs to be a “good target”．“Good targets” are people
who reveal relevant and useful signals to their personality.So this means “the good judge” will
only manifest when reading “good targets”．This is according to Rogers and Biesanz in their
2019 journal entitled “Reassessing the good judge of personality”．“We found consistent，
clear and strong evidence that the good judge does exist，” Rogers and Biesanz concluded.But
their key finding is that the good judge does not have magical gifts of perception—they are simply
able to “detect and use the information provided by the good target”．
So，are first impressions really accurate？Well，if you’re a good judge talking to a “good
target”，then it seems the answer is “yes”．And now we know that good judges probably do
exist，more research can be done into how they read personality，what kind of people they are—
and whether their skills can be taught.
9．What can we learn about Adams from paragraph 2?
A．He is a good judge of character.
B．He divided psychologists into two groups.
C．His research result has been widely accepted.
D．His research on good judges was partially right.
10．What does the author think of emotion reading?
A．Annoying. B．Joyful. C．Simple. D．Strange.
11．Which of the following would Rogers and Biesanz agree with?
A．A good target is necessary for personality judgement.B．A good target needs to get his personality reassessed.
C．A good judge can provide useful signals to our personality.
D．It’s possible to be a good judge just by looking at the other person.
12．What does the author think future research should focus on?
A．The skills of good communicators. B．The features of good judges.
C．The ways to read personality. D．The accuracy of first impressions.
Ⅱ.七选五(★)
Wonderful views from the mountains，breathtaking places waiting to explore，fresh air，as
well as all the special health benefits，are the main rewards of mountain hiking. 1
You need to train your lower body muscles，anytime and anywhere.Strong legs and core
muscles will improve your balance and help you hike longer.Focus on your lower body strength
and on your cardiovascular(心血管的) workout. 2 You really can train anywhere：use your
backyard，living room，or bedroom to keep your body ready for the true conditions in the
mountains.
You will need a stronger back.Who’s going to carry your backpack？ 3 So we are quite
sure what the true answer is.Develop back muscles with exercises like V-ups，deadlifts，diver
push-ups，and exercise named “mountain climbers”：Start in a traditional plank(平板支撑)
position and then bring your knee forward under your chest.You will start to feel your abs(腹肌) for
sure，too.
4 Even Rome wasn’t built in a day so give yourself the pleasure to enjoy discovering
what your body is capable of！All the perfect benefits will improve your blood pressure and blood
sugar levels，helping you strengthen your core，and even help you control your weight as an
additional benefit. 5 Just don’t forget to stretch after each training.
Please remember that your training for mountain hiking should be combined with real
hiking.And don’t miss the other clues on what to do for mountaineering training!
A．Give yourself and your body time to prepare.
B．And don’t rely just on gyms or other similar areas.
C．Your balance will also get better and better over time.
D．However，there is always hidden danger in the mountains.
E．Try to combine muscle training with your indoor exercise.
F．However，it is of great significance to get prepared physically.
G．In the mountains，everyone should firstly be responsible for their own essentials.
