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必修第二册 Unit 4 Exploring literature(2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Massimo Bottura，a three-Michelin-Starred chef，has extended his culinary(烹饪的) empire
globally.However，he says that the peak of all of his achievements is Milan’s Refettorio
Ambrosiano and the following 12 global branches.
At Refettorio Ambrosiano，dinner guests are greeted by name.They dine on fine china at
tables created by the country’s most sought-after furniture designers.The waiters are polite，and
the chefs have been trained under the finest restaurateurs in the world.The set menu changes every
day，depending on what comes in with the morning’s delivery.
This morning’s delivery contains dry arugula(芝麻菜)，chicken close to its sell-by date and
too-ugly-to-be-sold oranges.By dinner ， however ， the supermarket cast-offs have been
transformed into a three-course meal.The 100 or so diners—refugees，the homeless，and the
unemployed—enjoy the meal with obvious pleasure，laughing with the volunteer waiters，
praising the volunteer chefs，and forgetting，at least for an hour，the challenges of a life lived on
the streets.
The brightest gems in Bottura’s culinary empire are not restaurants at all.He thinks of them
as spaces that shine a light on the dignity of their guests while focusing attention on the food-waste
problem by turning foods that were otherwise going to be headed toward rubbish bins into Michelin
Guide-worthy meals.
Bottura first thought of Refettorio Ambrosiano as a pop-up concept for the 2015 World Expo
in Milan.The organizers had invited him to cook for the grand opening.Bottura proposed something
different.He wanted to invite the world’s best chefs to cook with him for the city’s homeless，
using leftovers.That idea soon got supported and turned into something more permanent.
Today，the Refettorio is “a movement”，Bottura says.“It is a model for fighting food
waste and isolation on the front lines.And it starts by looking at an old carrot or a piece of hard
bread and catching sight of gold.”
1．How do the Refettorio Ambrosianos differ from Bottura’s other restaurants?
A．The waiters are well-trained. B．The tables are custom-made.
C．They are three-Michelin-Starred. D．Daily delivery decides the set menu.
2．Which of the following best describes the event at Refettorio Ambrosiano?
A．An evening gathering for local chefs.
B．A charity sale of supermarket cast-offs.
C．A wealthy meal for the less-fortunate.D．A volunteer training for the homeless.
3．What does Bottura think of the Refettorio?
A．It’s his best profitable restaurant.
B．It’s a good project for food safety.
C．It’s a pop-up concept to extend his business.
D．It’s win-win for the environment and society.
4．Which can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Less Waste，More Taste B．A Dinner of Dignity
C．Best Restaurant，Best Service D．The Power of Food
B
If you’ve ever emerged from the shower or returned from your walk with a clever idea or a
solution to a problem you had been struggling with ，it may not be a surprise.Rather than
constantly concentrating on a problem，research from the last 15 years suggests that people may
be more likely to have creative breakthroughs when they’re doing a habitual task that doesn’t
require much thought.
“People always get surprised when they realize they get interesting ， novel ideas at
unexpected times，” says Kalina Christoff，a scientist at the University of British Columbia in
Vancouver，“because our culture tells us that we should do it through hard work.”
Now researchers begin to understand why these clever thoughts occur during more passive
activities and what’s happening in the brain.They have found that the key is a series of brain
activities—within what’s called the default mode(DM) network—that occur while an individual
is resting or performing habitual tasks that don’t require much attention.
“Simply put，it is a state that your brain returns to when you’re relaxed，” explains
Christoff.“By contrast，when you’re working on a demanding task，the brain’s executive
control(EC) systems keep your thinking focused，analytical，and logical.”
Researchers find that the DM network is also involved in the early stages of idea generation，
drawing from past experiences and knowledge about the world.When your mind wanders ，
you’re allowing thoughts to playfully cross your mind，which helps you combine information
and ideas in new ways and something_clicks.
“A cautionary note：While the DM network plays a key role in the creative process，it is
the EC systems that help you to evaluate and apply the creative ideas effectively to your problems
in the real world，” Christoff says.“So it’s unwise to place blind faith in the discovery that
creative ideas can be generated in the shower or during any other kinds of mind
wandering.Instead，you have to do the work to set the groundwork for creative ideas to emerge in
the first place.”
5．What is the most unlikely function of the EC systems?
A．To start your thinking process. B．To help you analyze.C．To let you get novel ideas. D．To keep you focused.
6．What does the underlined part “something clicks” in paragraph 5 probably mean?
A．A clever idea occurs. B．Something drops down.
C．A memory disappears. D．A funny thought happens.
7．What is Kalina Christoff’s attitude to the culture of hard work?
A．Disapproving. B．Positive. C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
8．Which statement might the author agree with?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Where there is a will，there is a way.
C．Everything comes to him who waits.
D．All work and no break makes Jack a dull boy.
Ⅱ.七选五
How to Reduce Paper Waste
Print out documents only if you absolutely need to.
While it may be easier to print documents，since you won’t have to log on to a computer or
smartphone to find them，there are some disadvantages to printing.Printed documents tend to get
lost.__1__ You may forget to bring them along with you.
Use cloth bags instead of paper ones.
A lot of water and fuel need to be used to produce paper bags.Paper bags also usually tear
easily and they don’t tend to do well in the rain.Also，the fertilizers and other chemicals that are
used to make paper and for tree farming are acid rain contributors，and they also contribute to
higher rates of waterway eutrophication.__2__
Buy products with less packaging.
A huge amount of solid waste is from packaging and is often thrown away after a while.There
are a few things you can do to use less packaging in your daily life.__3__ Not only can this help to
reduce waste from packaging，but it can also save you money.
__4__
While paper cups and dinnerware may seem convenient，they can harm the environment.For
example，if the paper product has been used for food (such as a carton or paper plate)，it typically
cannot be recycled.Reusable dinnerware can also typically be used a lot more than disposable
dinnerware.
Spread the word about reducing paper waste.
You can do many things to reduce paper waste yourself，but sharing this advice with others
can be helpful too.__5__ You can share this on social media，or simply just discuss it with them in
conversation.
A．They may take up a lot of space.
B．Avoid paper dinnerware and cups.C．Over packaging is a serious problem.
D．Carry reusable bags whenever possible.
E．If you notice them wasting paper，be patient with them.
F．You can start with family，friends and anyone else you know.
G．Cloth bags，therefore，are a more environmentally friendly choice.
Ⅲ.完形填空
(2024·湖南永州模拟)
Days earlier ， Sarah Bellamy had received a mysterious email saying that a wealth
management company was interested in discussing the financial crisis of Penumbra.Now，when
she was __1__ to unload her groceries onto the conveyor belt(传送带)，her phone rang.“They
told me that MacKenzie Scott was __2__ in investing Penumbra，” Bellamy remembers.
It was a familiar __3__ for hundreds of other nonprofit leaders—all __4__ the woman who
has become one of the most __5__ and surprising philanthropists(慈善家) in the world.Her name is
MacKenzie Scott—the writer，first Amazon employee，and former wife of company founder Jeff
Bezos.However，__6__ Scott divorced，she had __7__ more than $12 billion of her fortune to
help others.As this story went to press，Scott had just __8__ her latest money bomb，revealing in
late March that she’d given away $3.9 billion.
Scott’s only __9__ of her recipients is that they help maintain her privacy.It’s impossible to
__10__ a Scott grant(拨款)，to send her a thank-you note，or to contact her directly；she and her
closest advisers almost never __11__ to requests for interviews.Even Bellamy has been __12__ not
to identify the person who informed them __13__ her donations.
Rey Saldana，CEO of a network of nonprofits，says，“Scott is a person who __14__ a
significant amount of power by the value of her wealth and understands how to actually __15__
power.”
1．A.preparing B．thinking C．enjoying D．picking
2．A.absorbed B．devoted C．interested D．frustrated
3．A.doubt B．experience C．scenery D．pattern
4．A.apart from B．thanks to C．but for D．regardless of
5．A.pleased B．troubling C．happy D．generous
6．A.because B．if C．as D．although
7．A.given away B．given off C．given out D．given in
8．A.agreed B．donated C．passed D．worked
9．A.demand B．click C．pressure D．application
10．A.adapt to B．apply for C．focus on D．fix on
11．A.devote B．write C．respond D．link
12．A.allowed B．permitted C．asked D．wanted13．A.in B．on C．under D．of
14．A.holds B．comments C．judges D．identifies
15．A.preserve B．serve C．handle D．share
Ⅳ.语法填空
Samantha Cristoforetti，the first Italian female astronaut in space,1.____________(post) a
group of photos and several Chinese sentences on her Twitter account during her mission at the
International Space Station.
Attached to the photos 2.____________(be) several lines from Preface to Poems Composed
at the Orchid Pavilion，an ancient Chinese calligraphy masterpiece 3.____________ famous
Chinese calligrapher Wang Xizhi from the Eastern Jin Dynasty.
Cristoforetti even gave 4.____________ accurate translation of the lines，saying，“Looking
up，I see the vastness of the universe.5.____________(bow) my head，I look at the multitude of
the world.The gaze flies ， the heart expands ， the joy of the senses can reach its
peak,6.____________ this is true happiness indeed.”
“Her quotation(引语) of the lines shows that she 7.____________(careful) observed the
universe with the vision of Chinese civilization while observing China from space.Such a quotation
is very special，8.____________ shows her ambition and a sense of pride，” said Professor
Wang Hui from Tsinghua University.
Her quotation also sparked a heated 9.____________(discuss) among foreign Internet users on
social media.Some netizens said that with her Chinese language capacity，Cristoforetti also has the
ability 10.____________(work) at the Chinese space station，while others hope that there will be
less conflict and more cooperation in the world.
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
Painting had always fascinated Bazan since she was born.At the age of two，she held her first
art exhibition on the family refrigerator.“Your artworks are really unique! So，I assume you’re
as good as Leonardo da Vinci or anybody else，” said her mother，who had always been highly
encouraging with Bazan’s art.Then，Bazan signed up for an art class and quickly discovered her
natural talent，“To me，a canvas(画布) is a door to another world where I have full creative
control，” Bazan used to say to her mother.
The year she turned five，however，she was diagnosed with mental anxiety.She struggled
with focusing，paying attention，or sitting still.Her mother still supported her in learning art，
though.Even with family support，finding the feeling in control had often been a horrific challenge
for her.
Bazan attended the University of Kentucky in 2010，whose major was art education，but
didn’t connect with the prospect of teaching.It made her unhappy.“I just wasn’t drawn to it as
much，” she said.Confusion about her uncertain future，coupled with her increasingly severe
illness，made her eventually drop out of college.Life went on for a decade.Bazan had a son and moved to Sheboygan，far away from her
parents.She worked in a local grocery.Every day after work，she rushed home to care for her
son.Life was difficult.Soon after，she divorced with her husband because of her bad condition.
As her son grew up，Bazan became restless，and reconsidered the meaning of life.She felt
she couldn’t give up on the calling of her art.“I love art，” she said.It occurred to her that she
could learn different techniques—from sewing and textiles to printmaking or painting.She would
discover a new path in her professional development，instead of being a salesclerk all her life.
范文补全
After days of consideration，Bazan made a big decision.“I will come back to college to
finish my degree ， after 10 years ， ” she said.She
enrolled.1._________________________________(然后她全身心地投入到大学生活中并且花
很多时间绘画)．Surprisingly，Bazan’s condition was greatly improved，and anxiety didn’t
affect her life anymore.2.__________________________(同时，她对待生活的积极态度也为儿
子树立了好榜样).3._______________________________(重拾勇气后)，she wouldn’t let it
slip away.“It will take me some time to work on and show my art ， ” she
said.4.____________________________(她在学业上表现最棒)．
News spread 4 years later that Bazan graduated from college with
honors.5.______________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________(网友们知道，这位单亲妈妈，带着焦虑，曾全力以赴地学习，创造了许
多精彩的艺术作品)．Her story inspired everyone.Later，she held an exhibition in a famous
gallery.Many people visited it.They found there was a child-like imagination to her
art,6.__________________________________(这引起了几位艺术家的注意)．With their help，
Bazan took her creativity to the next level and engaged in art
education.Moreover,7.__________________________________________(她还树立了通过艺术
帮助他人改善个人世界的使命)．
