文档内容
►第 01 讲 高效解读文本 （讲义）
目录
目标1 熟悉写作步骤
目标2 审读文本信息，分析故事情节
目标3 高效构思故事情节
目标4 优化语言结构
目标5 避免易错点
目标6 高分原则
目标7 真题感悟
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【写作步骤】
【审读文本，分析情节】
审读文本信息是为了更好的分析故事情节。掌握六要素，可以对故事发生的时间、人物的身份、事件
的过程和结果一目了然。即who、when、where、what、why、how。根据六要素，抓住时间线，情节线，
感情线，充分调动想象创新思维，推测情节走势。
【高效构思故事情节】
根据故事情节发展线和主人公的情感变化，确定故事主题是亲情、友情还是爱情，主题语境是人与自
我、人与社会还是人与自然，把握故事主题，防止续写跑偏荒诞。
1. 分析段首句，根据其关键信息，提出问题，预设故事情节发展走向。
2. 注意段首句和续写部分的衔接，构思续写第一段和第二段的衔接，思考续写如何结尾，与前文做好
首位呼应，体现故事的主题。3. 情节和情感始终贯穿在故事的发展过程和主人公的细节刻画中，这些可以做到把故事续写的生动引
人入胜。
4. 矛盾冲突可以强化人物性格、推动情节发展，在构思中应当将其贯穿始终。具体表现为人与人之间
的冲突、人与环境之间的冲突或人与自我的内心冲突等。
【优化语言结构】
续写情节应当具有正能量，情节连贯，符合逻辑。体会原材料中的语言特点，从人物心理活动描写、
外貌神态描写、肢体动作描写、场景描写等进行润色，提升语言表达质量，优化语言。
语言的优化不仅包括情节上，还体现在词汇和语法结构的灵活多样性上。比如要点之间的衔接和过
渡，上下文的呼应，高级句型的运用等。本着语言形象生动的原则，把构思句子进行修改，使得行文流
畅，逻辑合理，语法正确，避免句式单一，可以灵活使用如：非谓语短语、独立主格结构、定语从句、
with复合结构、名词性从句、it形式主语或形式宾语句型、强调句型、无灵主语、倒装句以及比喻、拟
人等修辞手法。在本作者随后专题中会有更多讲解。
【避免易错点】
1. 忽视文体的一致性。
如果文章是对话性较强的,我们在续写时要注意对话的使用,反之,如果文章以讲述为主,我们就要进行讲述,
切忌前后文体不一。
2. 忽视每段首句的导向性。
有的文章是夹叙夹议类的,作者会在最后一段对事情进行评论。如果第二段的首句是评论性语言,我们要
顺着这个方向写下去。
3. 忽视与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接。
这是续写最常犯的错误。我们有时只考虑故事情节的延续,忽视了与段落开头的衔接,这样很容易偏离主
题。
4. 忽视第一段结尾部分与第二段开头的衔接。
第二段的开头起到承上启下的作用,因此第一段的结尾部分一定要与第二段的开头有所衔接。
5. 忽视应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性。
切忌时态、人称等的混乱使用,这将会影响得分,同时丰富的词汇以及词汇使用的准确性也能彰显我们的
英语水平,给我们的续写添彩。
6. 忽视内容的丰富性和对所给关键词语的覆盖情况。
将故事情节写得富有变化,同时不忘画线词语的覆盖率。
【高分原则】
1. 内容丰富充实，与所给短文风格一致，体现正能量。
2. 两段内容衔接自然，逻辑合理。
3. 用细节刻画人物角色，体现细节。4. 有效使用过渡连接词，结构紧凑。
5. 词汇丰富高级，语法句式丰富灵活。
6. 词数充分150词左右，标点恰当，拼写准确。
7. 卷面整洁，书写优美。
【真题感悟】
1. （2023年新高考I卷真题）
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When I was in middle school, my social studies teacher asked me to enter a writing contest. I said no without
thinking. I did not love writing. My family came from Brazil, so English was only my second language. Writing
was so difficult and painful for me that my teacher had allowed me to present my paper on the sinking of the
Titanic by acting out a play, where I played all the parts. No one laughed harder than he did.
So, why did he suddenly force me to do something at which I was sure to fail? His reply: “Because I love your
stories. If you’re willing to apply yourself, I think you have a good shot at this.” Encouraged by his words, I agreed
to give it a try.
I chose Paul Revere’s horse as my subject. Paul Revere was a silversmith (银匠) in Boston who rode a horse at
night on April 18, 1775 to Lexington to warn people that British soldiers were coming. My story would come
straight from the horse’s mouth. Not a brilliant idea, but funny; and unlikely to be anyone else’s choice.
What did the horse think, as he sped through the night? Did he get tired? Have doubts? Did he want to quit? I
sympathized immediately. I got tired. I had doubts. I wanted to quit. But, like Revere’s horse, I kept going. I
worked hard. I checked my spelling. I asked my older sister to correct my grammar. I checked out a half dozen
books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them.
When I handed in the essay to my teacher, he read it, laughed out loud, and said, “Great. Now, write it again.”
I wrote it again, and again and again. When I finally finished it, the thought of winning had given way to the
enjoyment of writing. If I didn’t win, I wouldn’t care.
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news.
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I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation.
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【答案】
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, there came the news. I was informed that I won the first
prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days. I was so happy to hear the
news that I immediately shared it with my teacher. “I knew you’d win! I am proud of you. You made it!” he said
excitedly. Then came the big day. When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to
my teacher. I said, “It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher. Without your
recognition and guidance, I couldn’t have written this article. Again thank you very much!”
I went to my teacher’s office after the award presentation. My teacher was waiting for me. Holding my hands,
he said “Congratulations! You are a good writer, so keep writing.” “You know I didn’t like writing before, but now
I am crazy about it! I will try my best to create good works.” I said seriously. Since then, I have written many good
works and now I am a famous writer. I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road
to writing.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者上中学的时候，社会学老师邀请作者参加一个写作比赛。作
者不喜欢写作，于是想都没想就拒绝了。但是在老师的鼓励下，作者同意试一试。作者在写作过程中虽然
很累，但是没有放弃，坚持下来了。在作者最终完成写作时，作者感到写作让他很快乐，他已经不在乎输
赢了。
【写作步骤】
1.分析故事情节：
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。”和第二段首句“颁奖后我
去了老师的办公室。”可知，第一段可描写作者获得比赛一等奖，在颁奖典礼上作者表达了对社会老师的
感激。
②由第二段首句内容“颁奖后我去了老师的办公室。”可知，第二段可描写老师鼓励作者继续写作，自此
作者坚持写作取得了成功，作者将这一切归功于自己的老师。
2.构思故事情节：比赛消息传来——作者获奖——高兴——颁奖典礼感谢老师——颁奖后来到老师办公室
——老师告诉作者坚持写作——作者表达了对写作的喜爱——作者写作取得了成功——感激老师
3.语言优化
①告知：inform/tell
②成功做到：make it/succeed
③表达：express/convey
情绪类
①高兴的：happy/glad
②激动地：excitedly/with excitement
[高分句型1] I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award
presentation in two days. （运用了由连接词that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] It’s you who make me fall in love with writing, my social studies teacher.（运用了强调句）[高分句型3] I owe my success to my social teacher who is a beacon in my life on the road to writing.（运用
了who引导的限制性定语从句）
2.（2023年浙江卷1月真题）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was invited to a cookout on an old friend’s farm in western Washington. I parked my car outside the farm and
walked past a milking house which had apparently not been used in many years. A noise at a window caught my
attention, so I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying to escape. She was covered in spider-
webs (蛛网) and was barely able to move her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up.
With the bird in my cupped hand, I looked around to see how she had gotten in. The broken window glass was
the likely answer. I stuffed a piece of cloth into the hole and took her outside, closing the door securely behind me.
When I opened my hand, the bird did not fly away; she sat looking at me with her bright eyes. I removed the
sticky spider-webs that covered her head and wings. Still, she made no attempt to fly. Perhaps she had been
struggling against the window too long and was too tired? Or too thirsty?
As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path toward my car where I kept a water bottle, she began to move. I
stopped, and she soon took wing but did not immediately fly away.
Hovering (悬停), she approached within six inches of my face. For a very long moment, this tiny creature
looked into my eyes, turning her head from side to side. Then she flew quickly out of sight.
During the cookout, I told my hosts about the hummingbird incident. They promised to fix the window. As I
was departing, my friends walked me to my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew to the center
of our group and began hovering. She turned from person to person until she came to me. She again looked directly
into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, all were speechless. Then someone said,
“She must have come to say goodbye.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I went to the farm again.
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I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared.
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________________________________________________________________________________【答案】
A few weeks later, I went to the farm again. As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when
I rescued the hummingbird from the spider’s web. I rushed back to the deserted house. It was a great comfort that
the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. Leaving the house, I couldn’t help wondering how it was
getting on now. Had it managed to find its way back home, or was it still out there somewhere struggling to
survive?
I was just about to leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned
around to see the same hummingbird hovering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes
locked on mine as if trying to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude. I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of
this sound and grateful creature, and I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into
my car and drove away.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者被邀请去一个农场野餐，发现一个房子里有只蜂鸟被蜘蛛网
困住了，作者把蜂鸟救了，把蜂鸟带出去的时候它迟迟不肯走，当作者走到一条布满黑莓的小路时，它开
始动了，但是却不肯飞走，徘徊着，后来终于飞走了，当作者准备离开时，蜂鸟又飞到作者面前，好像是
在和作者告别。
【写作步骤】
1.分析故事情节：
①由第一段首句内容“几个星期后，我又去了农场。”可知，第一段可描写作者回到农场时所看到的和所
想到的。
②由第二段首句内容“我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。”可知，第二段可描写蜂鸟是如何对作者的以及作
者的感想
2. 构思故事情节：
想起救蜂鸟的时候——回到那个房子——想到那只蜂鸟——看见蜂鸟——蜂鸟的表现——作者的感想
3. 语言优化
行为类
①思绪回到……：thoughts drift back to/thoughts return to
②匆匆回到：rush back to/hurry back to
③盯着：eyes locked on/eyes staring at
情绪类
①宽慰：feel a surge of relief/feel relieved
②感激：grateful/thankful
[高分句型1] As my car neared it my thoughts drifted back to the moment when I rescued the hummingbird
from the spider’s web. (由as引导的时间状语从句和when引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It was a great comfort that the original hole in the window was nowhere to be found. (由that引导
的主语从句)
3.（2022年新高考I卷真题）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around thesmall town were warming up and walking the route(路线)through thick evergreen forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was
small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn’t
with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school’s coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids
from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let
him decide.”
I bit back my frustration(懊恼). I knew the coach meant well—he thought he was doing the right thing. After
making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking
from side to side as he swung his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his
classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were
doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team.
It just took him longer—that’s all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run
long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with
the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答.
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me.
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I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.
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【答案】
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. I said gently and quietly, “No one can change
your mind, except yourself. If you desire to challenge yourself, there is nothing to do with others’ thoughts.” He sat
still with a deep breath. “You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you
show up here”, I added with a sincere tone. Hearing my words, David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling
out of his eyes and expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. His coach heard
what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else’s.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. The race started. It seemed that the
runway was extremely long for young children, not to mention a child with a brain disease. David insisted on
running as if he had forgotten all his weaknesses, though he was tripped over within the a few kilometers. It didn’ttake long before he picked himself up again and continued his mission. Classmates all appeared on the racing track,
cheering for him. “Come on! You can make it! We are proud of you!” they shouted enthusiastically. To everyone’s
joy, he reached the final line and ranked the 20th. It was no more important whether he won the first place or not. It
was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者是一名特殊教育教师，在大型越野赛跑那天，发现患有
大脑疾病的大卫独自站在一旁。作者问其原因，他说准备放弃比赛。从教练口中得知，因为担心同学们会
嘲笑大卫，所以教练想让大卫自己去决定是否参加赛跑。作者让大卫追寻自己的内心，不理会别人的看
法，大卫最终参赛，尽管遇到困难，他战胜了自己，这已经无关名次，而是他的勇敢和坚定让这一切成为
可能。
【写作步骤】
1.分析故事情节：
①由第一段首句内容“我们挨着坐着，但大卫不愿看我一眼。”可知，第一段可描写作者鼓励大卫继续完
成比赛，大卫经过强烈的心理斗争，最终决定参加比赛。
②由第二段首句内容“我看着大卫和其他选手一起走到起跑线上。”可知，第二段可描写大卫开始参赛，
虽然中途遇到困难，仍然坚持到最后，完成比赛。
2. 构思故事情节：
鼓励大卫——心理变化——决定参赛——克服困难——加油助威——完成比赛——感悟
3.语言优化
行动类：
①深呼吸：with a deep breath/breathe deeply
②坚持做：insisted on doing/be stick to doing
情绪类：
①热情：enthusiastically /with great passion
②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in
[高分句型1] You have a full preparation before this event, which is the most important reason why you show
up here. (由which引导的非限制性定语从句和why引导的限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Hearing my words , David turned to me tremblingly with tears spilling out of his eyes and
expressed he had made a firm determination to finish the cross-country run. (现在分词作状语和省略that的宾语
从句；介词with的复合结构)
[高分句型3] It was his brave heart and strong faith that could make something unusual happen finally. (由It
was...that结构引导的强调句型)
