文档内容
第 04 讲 阅读理解高频词、高频短语
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】单项选择题高频词基础练
【题型二】单项选择题高频短语基础练
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
题型一 阅读理解高频词基础练
单项选择
1．（2023高三·全国·专题练习）The twins resemble very much in appearance.We couldn’t _________ them
out.
A．figure B．carry
C．spot D．turn
2．（2024高三·广东广州·阶段练习）It has been ________ that this drug is effective.
A．composed B．prescribed C．restrained D．demonstrated
3．（2024高三·广东广州·高三模拟）Tickets are limited and will be ________ to those who apply first.
A．relieved B．allocated C．alleviated D．investigated
4．（2024高三·广东·模拟预测）The company has announced that it will ________ a full investigation into the
accident.
A．advocate B．exceed C．distribute D．undertake
5．（23-24高三·广东东莞·考试）At any time, we must ________ great importance to the work of speeding up
developing new products.
A．attach B．appeal C．stick D．commit
6．（23-24高三·广东深圳·阶段练习）A symphony orchestra is __________ of a variety of brass, woodwind,
percussion and stringed instruments.
A．consisted B．compared C．composed D．concluded7．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）The public ________ the government for taking practical measures to protect
the environment.
A．exploited B．applauded C．dismissed D．arrested
8．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）By joining the club, not only have I ________ basic writing skills, but I also
made some new friends with similar hobbies.
A．deserved B．calculated C．categorized D．acquired
9．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）Some regard AI as a potential major threat to humans. However,
others_________ this fear.
A．appreciate B．dismiss C．address D．recall
10．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）On arrival at the village, the author was_________ warmly by local
villagers.
A．recorded B．recognized C．received D．refreshed
11．（23-24高三·福建宁德·阶段练习）These articles ________ the problems of the modern world, including
race relations and community development.
A．address B．accelerate
C．accumulate D．disturb
12．（23-24高三·上海·期中）Some animal and plant species gradually went extinct because they couldn’t
_________ to the rapidly changing conditions in this area.
A．fall B．accommodate C．belong D．contribute
13．（23-24高三·上海·期中）Apart from teaching French, Martin _________ tennis in his spare time.
A．coached B．addressed C．batted D．greeted
14．（2023·天津·一模）The earliest way of traveling was undoubtedly by foot, and humans’ earliest means
of_________goods was carrying loads on their back or head.
A．innovating B．transporting C．producing D．measuring
15．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）Fossil fuels are non-renewable, whose reserves will be used up one day in the
future. In contrast, renewable energy sources are basically __________, and will be available to us for a few billion
more years.
A．inadequate B．inexhaustible C．inaccessible D．inflexible
16．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·阶段练习）When I received the acceptance letter from my dream university, I was
_________. I couldn’t contain my joy and excitement.
A．nervous B．ecstatic C．embarrassed D．furious
17．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）The hardest part of going back to college was feeling ________ about the
time I spent away from my kids.
A．ridiculous B．confident C．guilty D．excited
18．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）With the development of AI, the line between humans and robots will be
more _________in the future.
A．absurd B．violent C．urgent D．blurred19．（23-24高三·福建厦门·阶段练习）Claire found it_________ that she, a human being, was being offered
sympathy by a robot.
A．superior B．ridiculous C．straightforward D．thrilling
20．（23-24高三·福建厦门·期中）The iconic Beijing National Stadium, also known as the “Bird’s Nest”, has a
________ of 80,000.
A．distribution B．capacity C．profile D．frequency
题型二 阅读理解高频短语基础练
单项选择
21．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）Although I was disappointed at that time, __________ it is a good thing I did
not get that job because it would put me far away from my family.
A．in a way B．in my way C．by no means D．by all means
22．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）As the sun began to rise, a deep sense of well-being __________ me. I
suddenly felt full of hope and energy again.
A．hung over B．fell over C．turned over D．washed over
23．（23-24高三·江苏苏州·期中）We are running a flower shop, and females __________ the vast majority of
our customers.
A．account for B．kick off C．give rise to D．take in
24．（2024·山东泰安·一模）The conflict between Russia and Ukraine ________ on the Feb. 24th, 2022.
A．stood out B．got through C．took in D．broke out
25．（23-24高三·广东东莞·考试）We should ________ the disagreements between both sides on how to build
up a scientific, strict, flexible and effective system in order to further promote closer relationship.
A．put aside B．put up C．put away D．put down
26．（23-24高三·广东东莞·开学考试）—Did Johnson pass the examination?
—No. Often staying up late made him at his worst ________ physical situation.
A．in favor of B．in terms of C．in charge of D．in case of
27．（23-24高三·广东深圳·阶段练习）Work hard and practise more, and your effort will __________.
A．pay off B．give way C．carry on D．burst onto
28．（22-23高三·河南南阳·阶段练习）You shouldn’t _________ that I take care of your pet dog.
A．take it easy B．take it for granted C．take it seriously D．take your time
29．（2024高三·全国·专题练习）Bears _________ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy
enough to last them through their winter sleep.
A．pack up B．build up C．bring up D．take up
30．（2024高三·天津·模拟）When you are faced with obstacles in Senior 3, try not to let discouraging thoughts
_______. Be optimistic and trust yourself, and you’ll make it.
A．take over B．take up C．take on D．take in阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Passage 1 体裁：说明文 主题：研究发现
A new study led by researchers at the Yale School of Public Health finds air pollution may negatively impact
standardized test scores. Using data from the North Carolina Education Research Data Center, the researchers
tracked 2.8 million public school students in North Carolina from 2001 to 2018 and measured their exposure to
PM2.5 found in polluted air. While previous research has shown negative effects on academic performance, it has
relied on relatively small or less representative samples. “The biggest strength of this study is that we tracked every
student in North Carolina in those years, for the whole time period that they were in the public schools,” said Emma
Zang, coauthor of the study.
The study also finds that test scores of ethnic minorities and girls are disproportionately (不成比例地)
impacted by PM2.5 levels. “Females and ethnic minorities face sexism and racism,” said Zang. “There are a lot of
policies that are not friendly towards them. So, when they’re exposed to the same level of air pollution, they don’t
have the resources to lessen the negative influences.” More privileged populations, however, might have more
resources that allow them to live in a better environment, such as in houses with air purifiers.
“The level of PM2.5 pollution in the US is relatively low, but students living in areas below the current air
quality standard of annual PM2.5 concentration are still negatively impacted by air pollution when it comes to their
test scores,” said Zang. “We should aim to strengthen the annual PM2.5 standard to better protect our children.”
Air pollution is known to contribute to disease and death, and it also negatively affects students’ academic
performance even at low levels of pollution. The subsequent studies, the researchers said, would involve looking at
whether the findings hold true in different areas, and also the reasons behind the ethnic and sexual differences.
31．What’s the greatest advantage of the study?
A．Tracking each student for 18 years. B．Collecting more comprehensive data.
C．Measuring students’ PM2.5 exposure precisely. D．Building links between air pollution and test
scores.
32．According to Zang, ethnic minorities and girls ________.
A．benefit from current policies on PM2.5 pollution
B．have the lowest test scores due to their identities
C．lack resources to reduce the impact of air pollution
D．suffer from educational inequalities owing to their background
33．What’s Zang doing in paragraph 3?
A．Offering a suggestion. B．Raising a doubt.
C．Making a comparison. D．Giving a prediction.34．What might be the focus of the follow-up studies?
A．Applicability of the findings to other regions. B．Ways to address racial and sexual differences.
C．Long-term impacts of air pollution on children. D．Establishment of PM2.5 standard fit for children.
Passage 2 体裁：议论文 主题：网络攻击的问题探讨
In recent years, aggression on social media have become commonplace. More than half of the victims said
they didn’t know the identity of the perpetrator (作恶者). Most people agreed that the anonymity (匿名) of the
Internet provides cover for nasty and harassing (骚扰) behavior.
Does this growing aggression on social media give us a glimpse of our real human nature? Are we-at our
core-aggressive beasts? It’s true that hate crimes are on the rise, and political divisions app ear to be growing. The
level of public bitterness-especially online-is substantial. But I don’t believe that’s because social media has
unlocked our cruel human nature.
As an evolutionary anthropologist, I have spent years researching our transformation as a species. Over the
past two million years, we have evolved from groups of apelike beings armed with sticks and stones to the creators
of cars, rockets, and nations. Our bigger brains have allowed us to bond and cooperate in more complex and diverse
ways than any other animal. Meanwhile, “you are whom you meet.” How we perceive, experience, and act in the
world is shaped by who and what surround us on a daily basis. This process has deep evolutionary roots and gives
humans what we call a shared reality.
I would argue that the rise in online aggression is a product of our evolutionary social skills, the social media
boom, and the specific political, economic and social context where we find ourselves. This explosive combination
has opened up a space for increasingly more people to fan the flames of aggression and insult online. Aggressive
behavior-especially to those you don’t have to confront face-to-face-is easier than it’s ever been. And for the
aggressor, there are often no consequences.
Yes, it seems that the world is getting more aggressive, but that’s not because we are more aggressive at our
core. It’s because we haven’t been standing up against bullying, abuse, and aggressive harassment, and promoting
pro-social attitudes and actions our contemporary world demands. In person and on social media, we must do both.
35．What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph two refer to?
A．Hate crimes on the rise. B．Growing political divisions.
C．Considerable online bitterness. D．The transformation of humans.
36．What’s the author’s attitude toward social media?
A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Approving. D．Ironic.
37．What does the author propose to address the issue of growing aggression?
A．Embracing our aggressive nature to compete in today’s world.
B．Strengthening laws to hold perpetrators responsible for their online actions.
C．Promoting positive behaviors and interactions in both real-life and digital spaces.
D．Focusing only on reducing anonymity on the internet to reduce offensive behavior.38．What is mainly discussed in this passage?
A．The impact of social media on society.
B．The influence of evolution on our behavior.
C．The reasons behind rising online aggression.
D．The factors in the social media development.
Passage 3 体裁：说明文 主题：某种认知对社交心态的影响
Initial conversations can have a huge impact on how relationships develop over time. People are often stuck
in the impressions they think they might have made the minute they finish speaking with someone for the first time:
“Did they like me or were they just being polite?” “Were they deep in thought or deeply bored?”
To find out whether these worries are necessary, we have conducted nearly 10 years of research. In our
studies, participants in the UK talked with someone they had never met before. Afterward, they were asked how
much they liked their conversation partner and how much they believed that their conversation partner liked them.
This allowed us to compare how much people believed they were liked to how much they were actually liked.
Time and time again, we found that people left their conversations with negative feelings about the
impression they made. That is, people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them
and enjoy their company — a false belief we call the “liking gap”.
This bias (偏见) may seem like something that would occur only in initial interactions, but its effects extend
far beyond a first impression. Surprisingly, the liking gap can constantly affect a variety of relationships, including
interactions with coworkers, long after the initial conversations have taken place. Having a larger liking gap is
associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help, less willing to provide workmates with open and
honest feedback, and less willing to work on another project together.
There are numerous strategies to minimize your biased feelings. One place to start is shifting your focus of
attention. Try to direct your attention to your conversation partner, be genuinely curious about them, ask them more
questions, and really listen to their answers. The more you’re zeroed in on the other person, and the less you’re
focused on yourself, the better your conversation will be and the less your mind will turn to all the things you think
you didn’t do well.
39．Why did the author carry out 10 years of research?
A．To dismiss national concerns. B．To check out a potential bias.
C．To enhance human communication. D．To develop harmonious relationships.
40．What is one effect of people’s liking gap?
A．Fewer chances of new projects. B．Underestimation of their ability.
C．Bad relationships with people around. D．Low willingness to interact with others.
41．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?
A．Restate opinions. B．Deliver warnings. C．Give suggestions. D．Make a
summary.
42．Which might be the best title for the text?A．Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances
B．First Impressions Rely On Initial Conversations
C．People Probably Like You More Than You Think
D．How People Like You Matters Less Than You Assume
1.（2024年1月浙江卷C篇）
On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (花暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a
result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2million per year on the Alberta Hail
Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain
before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project
flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years
“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area
from hail,” Mr. Stienwan d says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification
Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot
be cousing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating
wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the
University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell
in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one
really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice,
doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded
in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative
legal safety.
8. What does the project aim to do?
A. Conserve moisture in the soil. B. Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C. Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
9. Who are opposed to the project?
A. Farmers in east-central Alberta. B. Managers of insurance companies.
C. Provincial government officials. D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton10. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999?
A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D. To show the link between storms and moisture.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.
2.（2023年全国甲卷D篇）
Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the
American psyche — we revere (敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around
the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same:
a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As
grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they’re increasingly
being sighted by humans.
The western half of the U.S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or
more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by
settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975,
grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.
Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and
allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies
remain listed.
Obviously, if precautions (预防) aren’t taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm
animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and
campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other
farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free
place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who
manages bears in and around Missoula.
32. How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A. They cause mixed feelings in people.
B. They should be kept in national parks.
C. They are of high scientific value.
D. They are a symbol of American culture.33. What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
.
A The European settlers’ behavior.
B. The expansion of bears’ range.
C. The protection by law since 1975.
D. The support of Native Americans.
34. What has stopped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies?
A. The opposition of conservation groups.
B. The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C. The voice of the biologists.
D. The local farmers’ advocates.
35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B. People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C. A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D. Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
