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练习 22 语法填空＋阅读理解
Ⅰ.语法填空
2022·浙江绍兴考试 说明文 212词 ★★☆☆☆
If you always hate certain vegetables, you may be more than a picky eater. Instead, you might
be a “super－taster”， a person 1.________ bitter genes(苦味基因). Those who have the
“bitter genes” are 2.6 times more likely to eat 2.________ (few) vegetables than others,
according to a new study 3.________ (present) at an annual meeting.
“We don't get the taste of food equally，” said professor Duffy, a food taste expert. “It
could explain some of the differences in our food 4.________ (prefer)．”
About half of us can taste bitter and sweet, so we are not especially sensitive to bitter food.
Another 25% are called “non－tasters”， to 5.________ bitter food might actually be a bit
sweeter. The rest of us are 6.________ (extreme) sensitive to the bitterness that some
7.________ (plant) develop to keep animals from eating them.
Food scientists are trying to develop ways to 8.________ (reduce) the bitterness in
vegetables, hoping that we can keep super－tasters from rejecting vegetables. In fact, some
vegetables we grow today 9.________ (be) much sweeter than before.
We might also try to use various cooking methods, either by adding some fat, sweetness,
strong flavors like garlic 10.________ roasting them, to improve the taste of the vegetables.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
2022·河北衡水联考 说明文 335词 ★★★☆☆
For the first time, a rat has won a British aid group's top award for animal bravery. The
animal is being honored for its work searching out unexploded landmines (地雷) in
Cambodia.
Magawa was born in Tanzania in 2014, and he's a little bigger than normal rats. Magawa and
several other rats are part of the “Hero Rat” program run by a group called APOPO. Because the
rats are so light, there's little danger that they will cause accidents while working.
From a young age he was trained to sniff out TNT (炸药). The training normally takes
about a year. Magawa's main job is to sniff out a kind of bomb, known as a landmine which is
hidden, usually underground. In Cambodia, where Magawa works, landmines were common
during long periods of civil war. Since 1979, these mines have killed or injured over 64，000
people.
Magawa is taken out to a minefield, which he carefully goes over, section by section.
Magawa's master, Malen, guides him carefully across the field on a leash (皮带). When
Magawa finds a landmine, he scratches at the dirt above it, wigwagging that he's foundsomething.
Because the rats work by sniffing, they're very fast. It only takes Magawa 30 minutes to
search an area as big as a tennis court. A human doing the same job would take four days. Malen
says that Magawa and his colleagues are very confident in the field. He works quickly and is
easily able to make decisions about whether something is a danger or not. Magawa is the star
sniffer of the “Hero Rat” program. He's found 39 landmines and 28 bombs that were dropped
from planes, but never exploded.
1．What made Magawa join in the “Hero Rat” program?
A. His beneficial birthplace.
B．His great achievements.
C．His strict training.
D．His being light in weight.
2．What does the underlined word “wigwagging” mean in Paragraph 4?
A．Signaling. B．Pretending.
C．Remembering. D．Accepting.
3．What can be inferred about Magawa when he is working?
A．He finds a minefield ineffectively.
B．He makes accurate judgments.
C．He has other rats act confidently.
D．He spends most of his time digging dirt.
4．Where is the text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．A novel.
C．A newspaper. D．A diary.
B
2022·东北摸底考试 说明文 328词 ★★☆☆☆
As we all know, most animals only perform tricks when given treats. However, Kim, the
world's first spider to learn a skill, needs no stimulus (刺激) to do what she loves—jumping to
different heights and distances—upon the instruction of a team of scientists from the University of
Manchester.
While the idea of training a spider might sound evil, the researchers' motives were purely
scientific. They are trying to unlock the secrets behind the jumping spiders' extraordinarily high
leaps to catch prey (猎物) or to escape their enemies. A better understanding of the spiders' leaps
would help experts develop more efficient flying and jumping robots.
The scientists found that Kim could gather enough force in her legs to jump more than six
times the length of her own body from a stationary position. What was even more amazing was
that she always landed perfectly. For shorter distances, Kim used a lot of energy, resulting in quick
leaps, which the researchers believe probably increases her chances of catching fastmoving prey.
The farther the distance was, the less extra energy was used, resulting in slower but precise leaps.
Previous studies have indicated that spiders use both their muscles and hydraulic (液压的)
pressure—a mechanism by which blood is transferred to their extended legs—to make them push
off the ground. However, in Kim's case, her leg muscles alone appeared to be generating enough
force for the liftoff. The researchers now intend to do further research to comprehend fully not just
the spiders' jumping technique, but that of other insects as well. “We are familiar with robots
that are aimed at taking over human functions, but there are millions of insects in the world thatperform specific functions that we have interest in and can be adapted for robotics，” says
Nabawy, the leading engineer of the researching team.
5．What is the purpose of scientists' researching the jumping spiders?
A．To have fun and relax.
B．To help develop robots.
C．To get rid of spiders.
D．To protect this species.
6．Why did Kim use a lot of energy for short leaps?
A．To jump high enough.
B．To land more precisely.
C．To catch fastmoving prey.
D．To increase chances of escape.
7．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Jumping technique.
B．Leg muscles.
C．Further research.
D．Energy for liftoff.
8．What can be a suitable title for this passage?
A．Jumping Techniques Used by Jumping Spiders
B. Jumping Spiders Inspired Developing Robots
C. Animals Perform Tricks if Provided With Treats
D．The World's First Spider That Jumps on Demand
黄金考点
短文改错——时态
考点43 时态与上下文不一致错误
考例 Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old.
根据时间状语从句when I was seven years old可知，此处是在叙述过去的事情，应用
点拨
一般过去时，故把start改成started。
考点44 并列成分不一致错误
The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning
考例
left！”
根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个短句属于并列结构，都是祈使句，谓语
点拨
动词用原形，所以将Turning改成Turn，跟前面的Speed和Slow一致。
