文档内容
练习 58 阅读理解＋读后续写
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
2022·全国乙卷 说明文 300词 ★★★★☆
The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers
first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g
of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖). It is believed that
today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting
them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ￡520m a year for the Treasury. However, data
of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected
to generate ￡240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by
manufacturers (制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer
kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury
figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre
of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and
are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milkbased drinks and most
alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per
year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar
tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities (设施) and healthier eating in
schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,
and the industry is playing its part.
1．Why was the sugar tax introduced?
A．To collect money for schools.
B．To improve the quality of drinks.
C．To protect children's health.
D．To encourage research in education.
2．How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?
A．They turned to overseas markets.
B．They raised the prices of their products.
C．They cut down on their production.
D．The reduced their products' sugar content.
3．From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?
A．Most alcoholic drinks.
B．Milkbased drinks.
C．Fruit juices.
D．Classic Coke.4．What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?
A．It is a shortsighted decision.
B．It is a success story.
C．It benefits manufacturers.
D．It upsets customers.
B
2022·全国乙卷 说明文 307词 ★★★★☆
Can a small group of drones (无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at
the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely
future of applying today's “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of
kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure (基础设施) worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7
basis.
Drones are already being used to examine hightension electrical lines. They could do
precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such
as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be
inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and ontime performance will be improved. Costs
would be cut and operations would be more efficient (高效) across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel
safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year
on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail
infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews'
efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing highervalue services for
railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To
perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working
on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the
train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and
travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a copilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could
signal any problem, so that fastmoving trains would be able to react in time.
5．What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A.The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B．Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D．Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
6．What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Personnel safety.
B．Assistance from drones.
C．Inspection and repair.
D．Construction of infrastructure.
7．What function is expected of the rail drones?
A．To provide early warning.
B．To make trains run automatically.
C．To earn profits for the crews.
D．To accelerate transportation.8．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
Ⅱ.读后续写
[2022·烟台市高考诊断性测试]阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，
使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An anxious call came into Jimmy Gilleece's bar. A newly married woman, who had spent the
afternoon at the bar, couldn't find her wallet. She didn't care about her ID, credit cards, or $ 150 in
cash—but her wedding ring was inside.
Gilleece didn't like the idea that a theft could have occurred at his place. So he set out to look
for the wallet. He spent hours looking through security camera videos, watching the woman's
every step in the bar until she went to sit on a bench outside and left when her ride arrived. Within
minutes, a young man approached the bench, slipped something into his pocket, and walked off.
Gilleece posted a clip (片断) on the bar's website. “I didn't want to punish him，” he said.“I
just asked if anybody knew who the guy was.”
Within hours, Gilleece got a text from 17yearold Prather, who admitted having taken the
wallet and told Gilleece he'd done it because he hadn't eaten in two days. He said he saw the ring
but thought it was fake (假的), so he took the money and threw the wallet off the dock (码头) into
the ocean. Then he bought a sandwich.
Gilleece, unsure whether he believed Prather, told the teen to meet him at the dock, where
they got talking and Prather revealed that he wasn't getting along with his family and had been
living in the woods for a week. Judging from Prather's small body and red cheeks, Gilleece saw
him for what he was: more of a kid than a criminal.
But the police were already on the case, and because of the missing ring, Prather could be
facing charges. “He would be going to big boy prison. I have to help him somehow ，”
Gilleece thought.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Gilleece paid two divers to search the waters where Prather had thrown the wallet.
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Then suddenly a diver came up to the surface of the water.
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答题策略
语法填空——词语辨析
常见词语辨析
① many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词
② “时间段＋ago”相对现在多久以前；“时间段＋before”相对过去多久以前
③ some用于肯定句；any用于疑问句和否定句
so与very均可修饰形容词或副词的原级，much多修饰比较级，very much修
④
饰动词
⑤ ever“从来，在任何时候，曾经”；never“从来不”
latest为形容词，意为“最新的”；later作副词表示“较晚地；后来”，与表
⑥
示时间的词连用，表示“……之后”
beside为介词，表示“在……旁边”；besides为副词，表示“除此以外
⑦
(还)”
⑧ used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”；be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”
⑨ no相当于not a或not any；not否定动词
