文档内容
语法填空
命题特点
高考语法填空所选文章的体裁以说明文记叙文为主。主题语境涵盖人与自我、人与社会和人
与自然三大主题。主题语境内容包括人物故事、人际关系、自然环境社会生活等，较好地涵盖了课程
标准涉及的话题。
语法填空考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种，比例通常维持在7:3。
给出提示词的考查点主要包括：①构词法，且每篇文章都包含1至3个考查构词法的试题；
②形容词比较级与最高级的变化；③名词单数变复数；④动词的时态、语态、主谓一致及动词的非谓
语形式；⑤人称代词主格变成宾格、物主代词等。
不给出提示词的考査重点包括，根据上下文语境填入冠词、连词、介词、副词以及 it 等。
策略指导
掌握英语基本句型。
掌握构成句子的成分（主语、谓语、宾语、补语、定语、状语、表语、同位语）及各成分的
句法功能。
弄清高考语法填空命题特点，掌握各专题高考常考点、易混易错点清单。
解题时做到：通读全文，理解大意→分析句子，确定词性→根据语意→确定词形→检查搭配，
前后连贯。
考频统计
谓语动词 非谓语动词 名词 形容词 副词 连词 冠词 代词 介词
考频 46 39 20 23 10 28 12 6 16
考点分析
考频考点 经典例题
谓语动词的考查主要分为时态、语态和主谓 The GPNP ___25___ (design)to reflect the guiding
一致三方面： principle of “protecting the authenticity and
integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems.
其中时态的考点主要集中在：
【答案】is designed
一般过去时(17次) did
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：
一般现在时（14次）do/does
GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和
现在完成时（8次）have/has done 完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为
子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分
谓 被动语态共考查9次，考点主要集中在：
析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语
语
一般现在时的被动语态（7次） The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应
动
用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动
词 am/is/are done
语态，主语单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is
designed。一般过去时的被动语态（2次）
was/were done
主谓一致共考查11次
考频： ___8___ (strengthen)the connection with young
people, the event included a number of public
2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
promotional activities on social media, ___9___
语法填空的小题，其中共39道小题考查非谓
(invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around
语动词。
the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted
考点主要集中在以下几方面： live broadcasts.
过去分词作定语表被动 【答案】8.To strengthen；9. inviting
非 不定式作目的状语
【解析】8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强
谓 现在分词作状语表主动
与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系
语
现在分词作定语
列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名
动
不定式作后置定语
词 茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据
现在分词作结果状语
句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联
不定式作后置定语
系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To
现在分词作结果状语
strengthen。
现在分词作后置定语
过去分词作宾语补足语 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句式结
构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语
the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在
分词作状语,表主动关系。故填inviting。
考频： The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the
top will remind you how tiny we ____82____
2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
(human) are.
语法填空的小题，其中共 20道小题考查名
【答案】humans
词。
【解析】考查名词复数。句意：当你站在黄山山
考点主要集中在以下三方面： 顶看见波涛汹涌般的云海，你会想到我们人类是
多么的渺小。human是we的同位语，we为复
词性转换（11次）
数，应用human的复数形式。故填humans。
responsible-responsibility
It is calculated by dividing a ____113____ (person)
protect-protection weight in kg by their height in meters squared.invite-invitation 【答案】person’s
【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法
名 develop-development
是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，
词
represent-representative BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子
结构可知，person是修饰weight的，用 person
marry-marriage
的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s。
accurate-accuracy
require—requirement
interesting-interest
celebrate-celebration
curious-curiosity
名词单复数(7次)
名词所有格（2次）
考频： Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even
more ___16___ (meaning).
形 2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
【答案】meaningful
容 语法填空的小题，其中共23道小题考查形容
【解析】考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次
词 词。
徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，
考点主要集中在以下几方面： 应用形容词meaningful表示“有意义的”，作宾
语补足语。故填meaningful。
词性转换如：
meaning--meaningful
形容词比较级（5次）
形容词最高级（3次）
考频： When he looked down, he ___35___ (accidental )
slipped and fell over the edge.
2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
【答案】accidentally
语法填空的小题，其中共 10道小题考查副
副 【解析】考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小
词。
词 心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结
主要考查形式为将所给的形容词转化成副 构，设空处应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。
词： accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误
的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失
eventual -- eventually
误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
accidental -- accidentally
rough -- roughly
undoubted – undoubtedlysafe – safely
sharp – sharply
extreme – extremely
certain – certainly
gentle – gently
particular -- particularly
考频： May 21st this year marks the first International Tea
Day, which was named officially ___1___ the
2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
United Nations on November 27th, 2019.
语法填空的小题，其中共 16道小题考查介
【答案】by
词。
【解析】考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，
介词主要考查形式为固定搭配，如 from…
联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。
介 to…
词 根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在 5月21
serve as 日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去
分词+by”。故填by。
in the evening
not…until…
increase by
on+具体某一天
考频： On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao
Shengkang, ___12___ lost his eyesight at the age of
2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and
语法填空的小题，其中共 28道小题考查连
counties in three province.
词。
【答案】who
考点分为：
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的
连
并列连词（13 次）：其中以 and 居多（8 旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿
词
次） 过了三个省的40个城市和县。此处是非限制性
定语从句，先行词为the man，在从句中作主
从句中以定语从句居多（11次）
语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。考频： Due to ___65___ growing popularity of
environmentally-related and adventure travel,
2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
various types of trips are now being classified as
语法填空的小题，其中共 12道小题考查冠
ecotourism.
词。
【答案】the
冠
其中定冠词考查8次，为冠词考查的重点， 【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探
词
不定冠词考查4次。 险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归
类为生态旅游。结合语意，此处特指与环境相关
的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，空处应用定冠词the
表示特指。故填the。
考频： The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially
unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening
2020-2022年的20套高考真题中，共 200道
_____10_____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of
语法填空的小题，其中共 6 道小题考查代
Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
词。
代 【答案】its
形容词性物主代词考查4次；名词性物主代
词
词考查1次；反身代词考查1次 【解析】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古
茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大
道遗真——普洱茶专题展。分析句式结构可知,
名词exhibition前应该用形容词性物主代词来修
饰。故填its。
真题重现
（2022·全国乙卷）
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___1___ the United
Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___2___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese
Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___3___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main
promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___4___ (large) tea-producing country, China
has a ___5___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It
can help to build a community with a ___6___ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls forpeople working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___7___ cultural
exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan — was also issued in accordance with the
initiative.
___8___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional
activities on social media, ___9___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six
hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening _____10_____
(it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
（2022·全国）
A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___11___
(journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot.
On the 1,100 kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___12___ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a
car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province. Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International
Cooperation ___13___ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the
ancient Silk Road. ___14___ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
Cao and Wu also collected garbage along the road, in order to promote environmental ___15___ (protect).
Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___16___ (meaning). The two of them collected more than
1,000 plastic bottles along the 40-day journey.
In the last five years. Cao ___17___ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached
the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ___18___ (high) mountain.
Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He flew 4, 700
kilometers ___19___ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, ____20____ (plan) to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
（2022·全国）
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___21___
(cover)an area about three times ___22___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first
national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___23___
(be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority
___24___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___25___ (design)to
reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preservingbiological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___26___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for
future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___27___
(population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___28___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve ___29___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and
animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection
for all the species _____30_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the
ecosystem in the area.
（2022·全国）
Henry Tyler made the catch of the year on the weekend. When he saw a young child hanging from a sixth-
floor apartment balcony (阳台), Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and held out his
arms to catch the ___31___ (fall) child.
Eric Brown, only three years old, knocked Henry down when he fell. The boy is in the hospital and doctors
say he'll be OK.
___32___ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. On the day of the accident, Mrs.
Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___33___ (sleep) while watching TV.
Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and
climbed up ___34___ (see) them. When he looked down, he ___35___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the
edge. He hung on for a few minutes ___36___ screamed for his father, but his father didn't hear him.
Henry ___37___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the
balcony. He quickly ___38___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out.
He saved my ___39___ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know ___40___ to thank him.”
"I just didn't want the boy to be hurt," said Henry.
（2022·北京）
Helen was walking down the street late ____41____ the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused
on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man
charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____42____ (harm) her, Helen started to run.
Eventually, the man ____43____ (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
（2022·北京）
Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____44____ (support) by experts,
suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____45____ smells aredangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally
____46____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when
we detect the smell associated with danger.
（2022·北京）
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for ____47____ (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More
takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags,
most of ____48____ are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even ____49____ (bad).
The use of those plastics ____50____ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation
continues.
（2022·浙江）
Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing
minority of academics ___51___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to
conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ____52____（view） as important for
scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others ____53____ （be） now questioning
that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ____54____（change） their
personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci,
for example, _____55_____（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists ____56____
（promise） to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ___57___ she could do so
remotely; about three-quarters of ___58___ time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the
____59____ （invite）. That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
_______60_______（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
（2021·全国）
Ecotourism is commonly regarded as low impact (影响) travel to undisturbed places. It is different from
traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate) about the areas - both in terms of
geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the
___62___(develop) of the local areas.
Ecotourism has ___63___(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s. It was not widely
accepted as a travel concept ___64___ the late 1980s. During that time, increasing environmental awareness made
it desirable.Due to ___65___ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types
___66___ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following
principles:
·Minimize the impact of ___67___(visit) the place.
·Build respect for and awareness of the environment and cultural practices.
·Provide ___68___(finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
·Make sure that the tourism provides experiences for both the visitors and the hosts.
Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique
biodiversity.___69___(activity) there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim
_____70_____(have) a low impact on the natural environment.
（2021·全国）
The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It ___71___
(build) originally to protect the city ___72___ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). It
is possible ___73___ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of
people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After ___74___ (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time
for some action and what ___75___ (good) than to ride on a piece of history!
We ___76___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky ___77___
did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all ___78___ way around the Xi’an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it
in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and ___79___ (watchtower) to take pictures or just to watch the
local people going about their ______80______ (day) routines.
（2021·全国）
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”.
____81____ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you
see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____82____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will
____83____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the
temperature gets, the ____84____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us
____85____ (astonish).What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____86____ (be) for
the people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,
still it highlights the whole adventure ____87____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____88____
(ache) legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s
memory. It sure does in ____89____ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is _____90_____ must to
visit!
（2021·全国）
I've always loved the ocean. In the____91____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay
Aquarium in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____92____ (think)it is
food.
I decided to do something ____93____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to
teach kids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a
company____94____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）.
I found the contact information of the company____95____ emailed its president. I told him how ____96____
(harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was
so____97____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of
plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I
wrote to ____98____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____99____ (represent) wrote back and told me the
airline was switching over _____100_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
（2021·北京）
Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____101____ (idea)．Dreams
might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything ____102____
happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it ____103____ (connect) things，
your brain turns them into a story,and you get a dream．
（2021·北京）
Sam is an in-real-life streamer（播主），and he live streams himself just going about his day．While riding
his bike home ____104____ a cold night，he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets byherself．The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____105____ she lived．Sam walked
her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____106____（safe） wait for the police to take her home．
（2021·北京）
There ____107____(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20
years,____108____(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations.
From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,____109____(result) in USD 2,970
billion in economic loss．Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need
____110____ (invest) in disaster prevention.
（2021·浙江）
In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found that
people worldwide are getting heavier ____111____ that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.
BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ____112____ gives an indication of whether
someone is a healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a ____113____ (person) weight in kg by their height in
meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ____114____ (consider) healthy.
The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased ____115____ 2. 1 in women and
men. In cities, however, the gain ____116____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. The researchers described
“striking changes” in the geography of BMI. Tn 1985，urban men and women in more than three quarters of the
countries ____117____ (study) had higher BMIs than men and women in rural areas. But 30 years later, the BMI
difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed ____118____(sharp).
This may be due to some disadvantages for people ____119____ (live) in the countryside, including
____120____ (low) levels of income and education, higher costs of healthy foods, and fewer sports facilities.
（2021·全国）
It doesn’t impress like George Washington’s plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln’s home in downtown
Springfield, Illinois, ___121___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. Beautifully restored
（修复）to its 1860 appearance, the house was Abraham and Mary Lincoln’s home for 17 years. In 1844 they
bought it ___122___ $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___123___ （marry）
ceremony in 1842.
When the house was built, it was much ___124___ （small）than it is today. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little
home ___125___ （paint）white.” It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house
was a reflection of ___126___ （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order.Although Mary loved flowers, ___127___ she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time
neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace,
often came over ___128___ （plant）flowers in the front yard.
___129___ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing
family. Three of the four Lincoln sons were born here. After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they
rented the house and ____130____ （sell）most of their furniture.
（2020·全国）
Many people have the hobby of collecting things, e.g. stamps, postcards or antiques. In the 18th and 19th
centuries, ___131___ (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art. They kept
their collection at home until it got too big ___132___ until they died, and then it was given to a museum. The
80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ___133___ (form) the core collection of the British
Museum ___134___ opened in 1759.
The parts of a museum open to the public ___135___ (call) galleries or rooms. Often, only a small part of a
museum’s collection ___136___ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
Many museums are lively places and they attract a lot of visitors. As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can
play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine ___137___ (they) living at a different time in history or
___138___(walk)through a rainforest. At the Jorvik Centre in York, the city’s Viking settlement is recreated, and
people experience the sights, sounds and smells of the old town. Historical ___139___ (accurate) is important but
so is entertainment. Museums must compete ____140____people’s spare time and money with other amusements.
Most museums also welcome school groups and arrange special activities for children.
（2020·海南）
These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third
graders____141____（begin）computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly
popular as major publishing houses continue to develop____142____（education）computer programs for
children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a____143____（require）for most jobs in an
increasingly digital world, as the computer has become a common tool in most____144____（profession）
The Digital World is a set of volumes____145____aim to describe how digital systems influence society and
help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set
explores____146____wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems,
____147____discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possibletopics____148____（be）practically limitless, we focus on a sample of the most interesting and useful
applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers____149____（encourage）to
continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of_____150_____（we）Further Resources section featured
in each volume.
（2020·全国）
China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon. The unmanned Chang’e-4
probe (探测器) - the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess ___151___ (touch) down last week
in the South Pole-Aitken basin. Landing on the moon’s far side is ___152___ (extreme) challenging. Because the
moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the
moon in a spot ___153___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth. The far side of the moon is of
particular ___154___ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山)， more so
___155___ the familiar near side. Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 ___156___
(find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. ＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist
at Brown University, says, ＂because it ___157___ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how
the moon ___158___ (construct)＂ Data about the moon’s composition, such as how ___159___ ice and other
treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ____160____ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are
practical.
（2020·全国）
Decorating with Plants, Fruits and Flowers for Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is a ___161___ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of
spring. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___162___ (carry) special significance. They
represent the earth ___163___ (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings.
These are some of the most popular in many parts of the country:
Oranges: Orange trees are more ___164___ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth. They
make great gifts and you see them many times ___165___ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good
fortune.
Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office.
___166___ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must. Bamboo plants are associated ___167___
health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy ___168___ (care) for and make great presents.
Branches of Plum Blossoms (梅花): The ___169___ (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. The plum trees are _____170_____ first to flower even as the snow is
melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.
（2020·全国）
In ancient China lived an artist___171___ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him
proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present
their ___172___ (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would___173___(choose),
but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. The wise old man told
him to travel to the Li River～perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with ___174___ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. ___175___ he asked the villagers on the
banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___176___ (point) down the
river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out ___177___ (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat
moved, ___178___ (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the
water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising
from the river and the soft clouds___179___ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was
finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist ____180____ earth, Mother Nature.
（2020·北京）
Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___181___(play) a big role in his life. "My mum
was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was
fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___182___(luck) enough to have
someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___183___you can join in when it's possible.
（2020·北京）
Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___184___(throw) away. It takes them
hundreds of years___185___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea
creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart___186___countless tiny pieces, and fish can
accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of___187___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of
such bags to stop people using them.
（2020·北京）
A piece of stone___188___(find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as
Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals___189___（live）alongside human
ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were muchstronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were____190____（smart）than
the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise.
（2020·浙江）
Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an
American in 1950___191___(be)30-today it is 41 and is expected___192___(increase)to 42 by 2050. For Japan,
the___193___(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. In 2015, one in 12 people around the
world were over 65；by 2050, it will be one in six.
This aging of the population is driven___194___two factors. The first is declining birthrates, which means old
generations are large___195___(compare)to younger generations, and so, on average, the population
becomes___196___(old)than before. This is___197___(particular)true in the US. The second reason is that people
are living longer. A child born in the US today has___198___very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs
to plan accordingly.
People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should___199___(place)on longevity(长寿).
It isn't just that people are, on average, living longer. It's also that they are on average healthier___200___more
productive for longer. Therefore, they can work for longer, consume more and in general be a boost to the economy.
