2026年寒假八下讲义（学生版）_新人教八下资料包_02寒假讲义教师版+学生版

第 讲 八下 1 Unit 1 Time to Relax. Talkabouthowyou spendyourfreetime 目标导航 Unit1TimetoRelax. 目标 1.学习U1SectionA课文表达重点句型。 2.动词不定式todo用法。 SectionA, 3a Peter:HeyYaming!Whatareyouupto? Yaming:HiPeter.I'mdoingcalligraphy. Peter:It'sbeautiful!Whatareyouwriting? Yaming:It'sapoembyLiBai.Mygrandmothertaughtmehowtowriteit. Peter:What'sthischaracter? Yaming:It'syue.Itmeans"moon". Peter:It'snice!Ilikewatchingyouwritelikethat.Butitlooksdifficult. Yaming:Well,thefirststepisalwaysthehardest.WhenIstartedtodocalligraphy,Ispenthourspractisingsingle strokes. Peter:Iknowhowthatfeels!Mydad'steachingmetoplaytheguitar.It'sdifficult,buthealwaysencouragesme nottogiveup. Yaming:Exactly.NowIdocalligraphytorelax.Ievenlikehowtheinksmells!Whydidyouchoosetoplaythe guitar? Peter:Ithinkplayingtheguitariscool.Willyouteachmetowriteapoem?Icanteachyoutoplayasongin return. Yaming:It'sadeal! 词汇梳理 （一）词汇变形小结： 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司write 写(v.)→_________(n.) 书法；写作 teach 教(v.)→__________(过去式)→__________(现在分词)→__________(n.) 老师 practise 练习(v.)→___________(n.) 练习 encourage 鼓励(v.)→____________(n.) 鼓励 choose 选择(v.)→_________(过去式) difficult 困难的(adj.)→_________(n.) 困难 beautiful 美丽的(adj.)→_____________(n.) 美 relax 放松(v.)→__________(adj.) 令人放松的 →_________(adj.) 感到放松的 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Myfatheris_________metodrive.(teach) 2.Ispentanhour_________theguitar.(practise) 3.Herwordsgavemegreat_________totryagain.(encourage) 4.Thegameis_________forbeginners.(difficulty) 5.Aftertheholiday,Ifeel_________andhappy.(relax) 1.Whatareyouupto? 你在做什么？ 【用法详解】"Whatareyouupto?" 是口语中常用的句子，意为“你在忙什么？/ 你在做什么？”，相当于 "Whatareyoudoing?"。 【即学即用】 — Hey!Whatareyouupto? — Notmuch.I'mjust_______ （read)abook. 2.I’mdoingcalligraphy. 我在写书法 【用法详解】calligraphy为不可数名词，意为“书法”。 docalligraphy表示“练习书法；写书法”。 【拓展延伸】表达个人爱好或正在进行的活动 I'mdoing...我正在做...... Ido...torelax.我做......来放松。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3.Mygrandmothertaughtmehowtowriteit. 我的祖母教我如何写它。 【用法详解】 重点：teachsb.(how)todosth.表示“教某人（如何）做某事”。 teach的过去式为taught。 【即学即用】 Mr.Smithteachesus_________(speak)English. She_________(teach)mehowtoswimlastsummer. 4.Ispenthourspractisingsinglestrokes. 我花了数小时练习基本笔画 【用法详解】 重点：spend+ 时间 +(in)doingsth.表示“花费时间做某事”。 practise为动词，后接动词-ing形式，即practisedoingsth.（练习做某事）。 【易混辨析】spend,pay与take sb.spend+ 时间/金钱 onsth./(in)doingsth.（人作主语） sb.pay+ 金钱 forsth.（人作主语） Ittakessb.+ 时间 todosth.（It作形式主语） 【即学即用】 Ispenttwohours_________(finish)myhomework. Sheneedstopractise_________(play)thepianoeveryday. 5.Mydad’steachingmetoplaytheguitar. 我爸爸正在教我弹吉他。 【用法详解】playtheguitar表示“弹吉他”。演奏乐器时，乐器前需加定冠词the。 6.Healwaysencouragesmenottogiveup. 他总是鼓励我不要放弃。 【用法详解】 重点： encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事 encouragesb.nottodosth.鼓励某人不要做某事 giveup表示“放弃”，后可接名词或动词-ing形式。若宾语为代词，需放在give和up之间。 【即学即用】 Ourteacheralwaysencouragesus_________(work)hard. Don't_________(放弃)yourdream. Thisproblemistoodifficult.Iwanttogive_________up.(it/them) 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司7.NowIdocalligraphytorelax. 现在我写书法是为了放松。 【用法详解】torelax是动词不定式，在此作目的状语，表示做某事的目的。 relax为动词，其形容词形式为relaxing（令人放松的）和relaxed（感到放松的）。 【即学即用】 Ilistentomusic_________(relax). Thestoryhasa_________(relax)ending.Weallfeel_________(relax). 8.Icanteachyoutoplayasonginreturn. 我可以教你弹一首歌作为回报。 【用法详解】inreturn是一个固定短语，意为“作为回报；作为交换”，通常放在句末。 【即学即用】 — Happybirthday!Thisisforyou. — Thankyou!I'llsingasongforyou_________(作为回报). 9.It’sadeal! 一言为定！ 【用法详解】It'sadeal!是口语中常用的句子，用于表示同意对方提出的建议或交易，意为“成交！/ 一言 为定！”。 SectionA 基础提升练 一、根据对话内容，选择彼得和亚明的空闲时间活动。 Peter'sactivities:A.docalligraphy B.playtheguitar C.writeapoem D.watchYamingwrite E.teachYamingasong F.practisesinglestrokes Yaming'sactivities: A.docalligraphy 4 学科网（北京）股份有限公司B.playtheguitar C.writeapoem D.watchPeterplay E.teachPetercalligraphy F.likethesmellofink 二、根据对话内容，回答下列问题。 1. WhatisYamingdoingatthebeginningoftheconversation? 2. WhotaughtYamingtowritethepoem? 3. Whatdoesthecharacter"yue"mean? 4. HowdidYamingfeelwhenhefirststartedcalligraphy? 5. WhydoesPeterthinkplayingtheguitariscool? 6. Whatdotheyagreetodoattheend? 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 7. Myfatheris____________(teach)metodriveacar. 8. Ispentthewholeafternoon____________(practise)fortheexam. 9. Hiswords____________(encouragement)metotryagain. 10. Themovieisso____________(bore)thatIfellasleep. 11. Afteralongwalk,wefeltvery____________(relax)andhadarest. 12. Thefirstproblemisthe____________(hard)ofall. 13. Sheisa____________(wonder)writer;herbooksarelovedbymany 14. Thankyouforyourhelp.Iwillhelpyou____________(return)inthefuture. 四、根据汉语意思，使用所学短语补全句子。 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司15. 请不要放弃学习英语。 Pleasedon't________________________learningEnglish. 16. 我每天花一小时练习弹钢琴。 I____________anhour____________thepianoeveryday. 17. 作为回报，她请我吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。 Sheboughtmeabigdinner________________________. 18. 这本书看起来很有趣。 Thisbook________________________. 19. 他总是鼓励我要勇敢。 Healways____________me____________bebrave. 一、动词不定式 一、语法概述 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，通常由“to+动词 ”构成。其中to是动词不定式符号，在 有些情况下可以省略。动词不定式的否定形式为： 。 Eg.Mr.Litoldmetolistencarefullyinclass. 李老师要求我上课认真听讲。 PleasetellJimnottocomelatenexttime. 请告诉吉姆下次别迟到了。 二、动词不定式的用法 动词不定式在句中可以用作宾语、宾语补足语、状语、主语、定语、表语等，没有人称和数的变化。 功能 示例 作宾语：v.+todo TonywantstofindajobasateacherinChina. want、decide、hope、ask、agree、learn、plan、need、expect、 托尼想在中国找一份做老师的工作。 refuse等动词后常接todo 作宾语（to 不可以省略） Idecidedtohelpthehomelesspeople. 我决定帮助那些无家可归的人。 作宾语补足语：v.+sb.+todo HeaskedmetohelphimwithhisEnglish. want、ask、allow、expect、wish等+sb.（宾语）+todosth. 他请求我帮他学英语。 【注】跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词主要有感 Herwordsmademefeelhappy. 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司官动词（see、feel、watch、hear）和使役动词（let、make、 她的话让我感到开心。 have）等。 如： 让某人做某事 作状语： HecametoBeijingtohaveameeting. 动词不定式作状语表示目的、结果或原因。考查动词不 他来北京开会。 定式作目的状语较多，动词不定式表目的时，todo翻译 Heistooyoungtolookafterhimself. 成“为了”。 他太小，不能照顾自己。 作主语： 动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式； Togiveisbetterthantotake. 为了避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，常用于以 奉献比索取好。 下固定句型中： It’snecessaryforustolearnEnglishwell. It’s+adj+for/of+sb+todosth 做某事对某人来说…… 对我们来说，学好英语是必要的。 作定语： Heisthefirstmantowalkonthemoon. 此时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后。 他是第一个在月球上行走的人。 作表语： Hiswishistobeapoliceman. 一般表示具体的动作或说明主语的内容、性质、特征等。 他的愿望是当一名警察。 疑问词+todo: Idon’tknowwhattodonext. 动词不定式可以和疑问词what、which、who、how、when、 我不知道接下来该做什么。 where等连用，构成不定式短语。 【即学即用】 1.Iboughtabigbox________booksforkidsinthepoorareas. A.collects B.tocollect C.collect D.collected 2.Thechildrendecide________theirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon. A.clean B.toclean C.cleaning D.cleaned 3.---Wasitnecessary________John________somephotosbeforetheoldman? ---Ithinkso.Inthisway,hecouldprotecthimselflater. A.of;taking B.for;taking C.of;totake D.for;totake 4.Remember________somefruitwhenyoucomeback. A.buying B.tobuy C.buy D.buys 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司5.Ourteacheroftenasksus_______time. A.notwaste B.don’twaste C.nottowaste D.doesn’twaste 6.Hewantstoknowhow__________(speak)Englishwell. 7.Joanhopes__________(study)law(法律)atHarvardUniversity. 8.Itisveryeasyforme__________(play)ping-pongwellbecausemyfatherhasbeenteachingmeforthreeyears. 9.Mydreamis__________(become)areporterinthefuture. 10.Tom'smothertoldhim__________(notspend)toomuchtimeplayingcomputergames. 二、短语动词 一、语法概述 在英语中，许多动词和介词或副词连用，构成一个固定词组，这个词组可以看作一个整体，与实义动 词用法相同，这类词组叫作短语动词。 二、短语动词的分类 类型与说明 示例 lookafter__________ thinkof__________ takeafter__________ 动词+介词 comefrom__________ askfor__________ lookat__________ cheerup__________ cleanup__________ putup__________ fixup__________ giveaway__________ giveout__________ 动词+副词 giveup__________ getup__________ putoff__________ turndown__________ setup__________ takeaway__________ 动词+副词+介词 comeupwith__________ runoutof__________ lookforwardto__________ 动词+名词 havearest__________ takeawalk__________ makeadecision__________ 动词+名词+介词 havealook__________ makeafriendwith__________ takecareof__________ belatefor__________ bebusywith__________ begoodat__________ be+形容词+介词 begoodfor__________ besimilarto__________ 【注意】在“动词+副词”构成的短语动词中，宾语是名词时，可以置于短语中间也可置于副词之后；宾语 是代词时，只能放在动词和副词之间。 Eg.Ihaveusedupmyexercisebooks.=Ihaveusedmyexercisebooksup. 我已经用完了我的练习本。 Tomlookssad.Let’scheerhimup. 汤姆看上去很难过。让我们使他高兴起来吧。 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【即学即用】 1.Canyoulookafterthechildren?Doyouknowhowto_______? A.cheerthemup B.cheerupthem C.givethemup D.giveupthem 2.Becauseofthebadweather,wehaveto_______thesportsmeetingtillnextweek. A.takeoff B.getoff C.putoff D.setoff 3.Wehaveraisedsomebooks.We’ll_______tothepoorchildren. A.putthemup B.givethemaway C.putupthem D.giveawaythem 语法小测 一、单项选择 1.I________someclothestocharities（慈善机构）becausetheyaretoosmallforme. A.takeafter B.hangout C.giveaway D.putoff 2.(宜昌中考)---TheOrganizationWildAid（野生救援组织）is_______toprotectwildanimals. ---Ithasdonealotsofar. A.cheeredup B.pickedup C.givenup D.setup 3.(常州中考)Ourteacher_______abookshelfatthebackofourclassroomtomakeasmallreadingcorner. A.pickedup B.putup C.cleanedup D.gotup 4.(莱芜中考)Don'tforget_______therubbishoutwhenyouleave. A.taking B.bring C.totake D.tobring 5.（辽宁铁岭中考）MycousinvolunteersintheChildren'sHome.Hisjobisto_______foodandclothes. A.sellout B.workout C.handout D.findout 6.Don’tworry.WewillmeetnextMonday_______theprojectagain. A.discuss B.discussed C.discussing D.todiscuss 7.—Canyouhelpme_______mycameranow? —Whatabouttomorrow?Iamtoobusytoday. A.putup B.fixup C.setup D.lookup 8.（山东东营中考）---Couldwe_______thearrivingtimeforschoolto8:00am,Mr.Li? ---Youmean7:30isalittleearlier?Let'sdiscussitwiththeheadmaster. A.findout B.giveup C.putoff Dcutout 9.(泰州中考)---Mr.Ling,Ihavesomedifficulty_______thearticle. 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司---Remember_______itthreeorfourtimesatleast.A.tounderstand;reading B.understanding;reading C.understanding;toread D.tounderstand;toread 10.Youhadbetteraskyourbrother_______playingcomputergames.It’sbadforhim. A.togiveup B.nottogiveup C.togiveitup D.givingup 11.Ifyouloveanimals,youcanvolunteer_______animals A.protect B.protecting C.toprotect D.protected 12.Wemust_______everyone_______thatkeepingourcitycleanisourduty. A.let;toknow B.make;understand C.make;tounderstand D.have;toknow 13.Hello,everyone,attention,please.Nowletmetellyou_______totheChangshapark. A.howtoget B.whattoget C.whomtoget D.wheretoget 14.Theboy_______thatman.Maybethatmanistheboy’sfather. A.looksafter B.takesafter C.takesbreak D.looksfor 15.Hefailsthemathtestandlookssad.Let’s_______. A.puthimup B.sethimup C.cheerhimup D.cleanhimup 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Inpeople’sfreetime,theythinkaboutwhat_________(do)forfun. 2.Wouldyoulike_________(go)andhaveapicnicwithustomorrow? 3.Thejokemadeallofuswant_________(laugh). 4.BenSmithisverylucky_________(have)aspecialtraineddogbecauseofMissLi’skindness. 5.Miketaughthisgrandpahow_________(use)thecomputer. 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 八下 2 Unit 1 Time to Relax. Talkabouthobbiesandtheirbenefits 目标导航 Unit1TimetoRelax. 1. 掌握与爱好和健康生活相关的核心词汇与表达。 2. 熟练运用动词不定式作目的状语。 目标 3. 能够区分事实（Fact）与观点（Opinion）。 4. 能够描述个人爱好并阐述其益处 HobbiesThatAreGoodforYou Whenworkorschoolisover,whatdoyoudotopassthetime?Doyouspendtimeonhobbiesyoulove? Readingorlisteningtomusiccanhelpustocalmdownafterabusyday.Physicalhobbies,suchasplayingtennis ordoingyoga,canhelpustokeepfit.Andsomehobbiesarecreative.Forexample,peoplesometimespaintpictures torememberabeautifullandscapeorobject,orreducestress. LucaBrunolikestobecreativeinhisfreetime.Buthedoesn'tmakeartorwritestories.Instead,thisItalian teenagerfindsitfuntomakemobilephoneapps.Hethinksthatappscanbeagreatwaytohelppeople.He startedprogrammingwhenhewasten,afterhereadaboutfamousbusinessmenwhostartedoutasprogrammers. HislatestappallowspeoplearoundtheworldtofindstudypartnersforlearningItalian.TheycanlearnItalianand makefriendsatthesametime! “Itgivesmesuchasenseofachievementtoseepeopleusingtheapp,”saysLuca.“IbelieveI'mhelping peoplearoundtheworldtolearnItalian!” Somepeopleprefernottomakethings.Theyprefertocollectthem!InIndia,MayaBadaldoesn'tcollectcoins orstamps.Instead,thisteenagegirlcollectspostcards! 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司“Iknowsomepeoplethinkpostcardsareratherold-fashioned,butIthinkthey'reagoodwaytolearnabout differentplaces,”Mayasays.“Ithinkit'sinterestingtoseethebeautifulbuildingsandlandscapesinforeign countries." Maya'sfirstpostcardshowstheMogaoCavesinDunhuang.Herdadsentittoherwhenshewasfive,andshe likeditsomuchthatsheputituponherbedroomwall!Nowthereareoveronehundredpostcardsfromthirty-two countriesonMaya'swalls.Shedreamsoftravellingtotheseplacesinthefuture! 词汇梳理 (一) 词汇变形小结： visitthememorieseachpostcardbrings—of relax放松 (v.)→________(adj.) 令人放松的 →________(adj.) 感到放松的 create创造 (v.)→________(adj.) 有创造力的 →________(n.) 创造力 achieve达到，实现 (v.)→________(n.) 成就 believe相信 (v.)→________(n.) 信念 encourage鼓励 (v.)→________(n.) 鼓励 collect收集 (v.)→________(n.) 收藏品 choose选择 (v.)→________(过去式)→________(n.) 选择 difficult困难的 (adj.)→________(n.) 困难 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Afterahotbath,Ifeltcompletely__________(relax). 2.Paintingisa__________(create)activitythatallowsmetoexpressmyself. 3.Winningthecompetitionwasagreat__________(achieve)forher. 4.Myparentsgivemealotof__________(encourage)totrynewthings. 5.His__________(collect)ofstampsfromaroundtheworldisamazing. 6.She__________(choose)tolearnFrenchinsteadofSpanishlastyear 7.The__________(difficult)ofthetaskmadeusworkharder. 1. 动词不定式作目的状语：torelax/tolearn/totry 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【用法详解】动词不定式（todo）可以放在句首或句末，表示做某事的目的，意为“为了……”。 【例句】 Tolearnanewskill,hestartedprogramming. Somepeoplelistentomusictorelaxafterabusyday. Shecollectspostcardstolearnaboutdifferentplaces. 【即学即用】根据中文意思完成句子。 我跑步是为了保持健康。 Irun__________keepfit. 为了通过考试，他每天都努力学习。 __________passtheexam,hestudieshardeveryday. 2.Hethinksthatappscanbeagreatwaytohelppeople他认为应用程序是帮助人们的好方法。 【用法详解】表达观点的句型：Ithink/Ibelieve/Inmyopinion..这些句型用于表达个人的看法、感受或信 念，其后接宾语从句。 【例句】 Ithinkthatappscanbeagreatwaytohelppeople. IbelieveI'mhelpingpeoplearoundtheworld. Inmyopinion,postcardsareagoodwaytolearnaboutdifferentplaces. 【即学即用】将下列句子翻译成英文 我认为每个人都应该有一个爱好。 我相信努力终会带来成功。 3.Readingorlisteningtomusiccanhelpustocalmdownafterabusyday阅读或聆听音乐有助于在忙碌的一 天后放松心情. 【用法详解】help 后面可接宾语和带 to 或不带 to 的动词不定式，helpsb.(to)dosth意为“帮助某人做某 事”。 【例句】 Hisapphelpspeople(to)findstudypartners. Readingcanhelpus(to)calmdown. 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【即学即用】用括号内词的适当形式填空。 Couldyouhelpme__________(carry)thisheavybox? Agoodhobbycanhelpyou__________(feel)happier. 4.Instead,thisItalianteenagerfindsitfuntomakemobilephoneapps相反，这位意大利少年发现开发手机应 用很有趣。. 知识点1： 【易混辨析】instead与insteadof 单词 词性 用法 instead 副词 意为“代替；反而；却”，用来修饰整个句子，位于句末，也可位于句首 insteadof 副词短语 意为“代替；而不是”，后面可以接名词、代词或者动词-ing Eg.Hedidn’tplaybasketball.Hewentswimminginstead. 他去游泳了，而没有去打篮球。 =Hewentswimminginsteadofplayingbasketball. 【即学即用】 1.Hedidn’tgotothechildren’shome.HisfriendJackwentthere_______. A.instead B.too C.also D.insteadof 2.Let’sgoskatinginsteadof______(stay)athome. 3.Hedidn’twritetoJenny.Hetalkedwithheronthephone,instead.（合成一句） Hetalkedwithheronthephone______________writingtoher. 4.我会待在家而不是出去闲逛。（完成句子） Iwillstayathome___________________outwithfriends. 知识点2：：It’s+adj+(for/of)sb.todosth.“做某事对某人来说……”。 【用法详解】本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式短语。当不定式短语较长时，通常用 it作形式主语放在句首，将真正的主语放在句子后面，构成句型：It’s+adj+(for/of)sb.todosth.“做某事对 某人来说……”。 Eg.It’sveryimportantforustolearnEnglishwell. 对我们来说，学好英语很重要。 It’sverykindofyoutohelpme. 你来帮助我真是太好了。 【即学即用】 1._______isdifficultforustodrawabeautifulpictureaswellasyou. A.That B.This C.It D.We 2.It’sverydangerousforus______themobilephonewhilecrossingthestreet. 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.answering B.toanswer C.answer D.answered 3.Itisimportantforchildren______(learn)howtodochoresathome. 5. HislatestappallowspeoplearoundtheworldtofindstudypartnersforlearningItalian 他最新推出的这款 应用，能让全球用户轻松找到学习意大利语的伙伴。 【用法详解】allow 意为“允许”，常用结构为 allowsb.todosth.（允许某人做某事）。 【例句】 Hislatestappallowspeopletofindstudypartnersaroundtheworld. 【即学即用】根据中文完成句子。 我父母不允许我晚上外出。 Myparentsdon't________________________________________outatnight. 6.Itgivesmeasenseofachievement. 这让我感到成就感。 【用法详解】“Itgivesmeasenseof+ 抽象名词” 表示“这给我一种……的感觉”。 【例句】 Itgivesmeasenseofachievementtoseepeopleusingmyapp. Helpingothersgivesmeasenseofsatisfaction. 【即学即用】翻译句子。 完成这个项目给了我巨大的成就感。 ________________________________________________________________ 7.Somepeopleprefernottomakethings.Theyprefertocollectthem!有些人不喜欢动手做东西，他们更喜欢 收集东西！ 【用法详解】prefer 意为“更喜欢”，后可接不定式或动词-ing形式。prefertodo/preferdoing 【例句】 Somepeopleprefernottomakethings.Theyprefertocollectthem. Shepreferswatchingmoviesathome. 【即学即用】用所给词的正确形式填空。 Iprefer__________(stay)athomeduringtheweekend. 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Section B 基础提升练 一、基础提升练习 （一）根据对话内容，补全句子（每空一词） 1.Yamingis_________calligraphywhenPetermeetshim. 2.Yaming'sgrandmother_________himhowtowritethepoembyLiBai. 3.Thecharacter"yue"inthepoem_________"moon". 4.Peter'sfatheristeachinghimto_________theguitar. 5.YamingandPeteragreetoteacheachother:YamingteachesPetertowriteapoem,andPeterteachesYamingto playa_________. （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Thisisoneofthe_________(difficult)tasksIhaveeverdone. 2.The_________(relax)musicmadeeveryonefeelcalmafterthebusywork. 3.Hehasalarge_________(collect)ofstampsfromallovertheworld. 4.Thesinger's_________(perform)wassowonderfulthattheaudiencecheeredforalongtime. 5.It'simportantforus_________(develop)goodlearninghabits. （三）句型转换 6.Hespent3hoursfinishinghishomeworkyesterday.（改为同义句） It_________him3hours_________finishhishomeworkyesterday. 7.Mymothertaughtmehowtocook.（对划线部分提问） _________taughtyouhowtocook? 8.HechosetostudyEnglishbecausehelikedit.（对划线部分提问） __________________hechoosetostudyEnglish? 9.Don'tgiveuplearningEnglish.（改为同义句） Don't__________________learningEnglish 10.Idocalligraphytorelax.（对划线部分提问） ________doyoudocalligraphy? 二、语法填空 Hobbiesareanimportantpartofourlife.Theyhelpusrelaxandmakeourfreetimemore 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1._________(meaning).Differentpeoplehavedifferenthobbies.Somelikecreativehobbies,whileothersprefer activeones. Luca,anItalianteenager,loves2.________(create)mobilephoneapps.Hestartedprogrammingattheageoften afterreadingaboutsuccessfulbusinessmenwhobeganasprogrammers.Atfirst,hefacedman3.________(difficult). Heoftenspenthourssolvingasingleproblemandwantedtogiveup.Buthisparentsencouragedhim 4.________(keep)trying.Now,hislatestapphelpspeoplearoundtheworldfindstudypartnersforlearningItalian. "Itgivesmeastrongsenseof5.________(achieve)toseeothersusingmyapp,"Lucasaid. Maya,ateenagegirlfromIndia,hasadifferenthobby—collectingpostcards.She6.________(start)collecting whenshewasfive.HerdadsentherapostcardfromDunhuang,andshefellinlovewithitatonce.Now,shehas over100postcardsfrom32countries.Shethinkspostcardsareagreatway7.________(learn)aboutdifferent placesandcultures."Somepeoplethinkpostcardsareold-fashioned,butIfind8._________(they)interesting.Each postcardtellsastory,"Mayaexplained. Nomatterwhathobbywehave,it'simportanttosticktoit.Hobbiesnotonlyhelpusrelaxbutalsoteachus valuableskills.Theymakeourlifemorecolorfuland9.________(enjoy).Soifyoudon'thaveahobbyyet,whynot 10.________(take)uponetoday? 三、阅读理解 Passage1 Calligraphyisatraditionalartforminmanycultures.Itisnotjustaboutwriting;itisaboutexpressingbeauty andemotionthroughstrokes(笔画).ForYaming,amiddleschoolstudent,calligraphyismorethanahobby—it'sa waytoconnectwithhisfamilyandrelax. Yamingstartedlearningcalligraphyfromhisgrandmotherwhenhewasseven.Hisgrandmotherwasaskilled calligrapherwhotaughthimtowriteChinesepoems.Atfirst,Yamingfounditveryhard.Hehadtopractisesingle strokesforhourseveryday,andhisfingersoftenhurt.Thereweretimeswhenhewantedtoquit,buthis grandmothertoldhim,"Calligraphyislikeajourney.Theharderthebeginning,themorebeautifultheend." Withtime,Yamingimproved.Hebegantoenjoytheprocessofwriting— thesmellofink,thefeelofthe brush,andthewaycharacterscametolifeonpaper.Now,hedoescalligraphyfor30minuteseveryeveningafter finishinghomework.Ithelpshimrelaxafterabusydayatschool.Lastyear,hejoinedacity-levelcalligraphy competitionandwonsecondprize.Hisgrandmotherwasveryproudofhim. Yaminghopestokeepthishobbyforlife.HewantstolearnmoreabouttraditionalChinesepoemsandwrite 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司theminbeautifulcalligraphy.Healsoplanstoteachhislittlesistercalligraphyoneday,soshecanalsoexperience thejoyofthistraditionalart. 阅读题目： ( )1.WhatdoescalligraphymeantoYaming? A.Awaytomakemoney B.Awaytoconnectwithfamilyandrelax C.Awaytobecomefamous D.AwaytoimprovehisChinesegrades ( )2.WhotaughtYamingcalligraphy? A.Hisfather B.Hismother C.Hisgrandmother D.Histeacher ( )3.WhatdidYaming'sgrandmothercomparecalligraphyto? A.Apoem B.Ajourney C.Acompetition D.Astory ( )4.HowlongdoesYamingdocalligraphyeveryevening? A.20minutes B.30minutes C.40minutes D.50minutes ( )5.WhatprizedidYamingwininthecity-levelcalligraphycompetition? A.Firstprize B.Secondprize C.Thirdprize D.Fourthprize Passage2 Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,hobbiesaremoreimportantthanever.Theyhelpusreducestress,improveour skills,andevenmakenewfriends.Twoteenagers,LucaandMaya,sharehowtheirhobbieschangedtheirlives. Lucaisa15-year-oldfromItaly.Helovesmakingmobilephoneapps.Hefirstbecameinterestedin programmingwhenhereadabookaboutyoungprogrammerswhostartedtheirowncompanies.Atfirst,Luca foundprogrammingverydifficult.Hecouldn'tunderstandcomplexcodes(代码)andoftenmademistakes.Hefelt frustratedandwantedtogiveup.Buthismathteacherencouragedhimtokeeptrying."Mistakesarepartof learning,"theteachersaid.Lucatooktheadviceandspentmoretimepractising.Heevenjoinedanonline programmingclubtolearnfromothers. Now,Lucahascreatedthreeapps.Hislatestapp,"ItalianStudyPals",helpspeoplefindstudypartnerstolearn Italian.Userscanchatwitheachother,sharelearningmaterials,andpracticespeakingItalian.Theapphasover 1,000usersfrom20countries."SeeingpeopleusemyappandmakeprogressinItalianmakesmeveryhappy," Lucasaid."ItgivesmeasenseofachievementthatIcan'tgetfromschoolwork." Maya,a14-year-oldfromIndia,hasahobbyofcollectingpostcards.Shestartedwhenherdadsenthera postcardfromDunhuang,China.ThepostcardhadapictureoftheMogaoCaves,andMayawasfascinatedbyits beauty.Shebeganaskingfriendsandfamilytosendherpostcardsfromdifferentplaces.Now,shehas120 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司postcardsfrom35countries.Eachpostcardhasastory—somearefromfamouslandmarks,whileothersshowlocal people'sdailylives. Mayaoftensharesherpostcardswithherclassmates.Sheevengaveatalkabouthercollectionatschool. "Postcardsarelikewindowstotheworld,"Mayasaid."Theyhelpmelearnaboutdifferentcultureswithoutleaving myhome.Ialsomadenewfriendswhosharethesamehobby." 阅读题目： ( )1.WhydidLucabecomeinterestedinprogramming? A.Becausehisfatherwasaprogrammer B.Becausehereadabookaboutyoungprogrammers C.Becausehismathteacheraskedhimtolearnit D.Becausehewantedtomakemoney ( )2.WhatdidLucadotoimprovehisprogrammingskills? A.Hequitschooltostudyprogramming B.Heaskedhisparentstohireatutor C.Hespentmoretimepractisingandjoinedanonlineclub D.Hegaveupotherhobbiestofocusonprogramming ( )3.Howmanyusersdoes"ItalianStudyPals"have? A.Over500 B.Over1,000 C.Over1,500 D.Over2,000 ( )4.WhatfascinatedMayaaboutthefirstpostcardfromDunhuang? A.ThepictureoftheMogaoCaves B.Thewritingonthepostcard C.Thestamponthepostcard D.Thesenderofthepostcard ( )5.WhatdoesMayathinkofpostcards? A.Theyareold-fashionedandboring B.Theyareexpensivebutvaluable C.Theyarewindowstotheworld D.Theyaredifficulttocollect 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司写作训练 Unit 1 【写作任务】 以 “MyFavoriteHobby” 为题，写一篇短文，介绍你最喜欢的爱好。要求：1. 说明爱好是什么及开始 的原因；2. 描述在培养爱好过程中遇到的困难及如何克服；3. 阐述爱好给你带来的好处；4. 词数 100-120。 【谋篇布局】 开头段（引入爱好）：明确点明自己最喜欢的爱好，说明开始这个爱好的时间和原因（如受家人 / 朋 友影响、偶然机会接触等）。 中间段（困难与克服）：具体描述培养爱好时遇到的困难（如技术难度、时间冲突、想放弃的时刻）， 以及如何克服（如他人鼓励、调整方法、坚持练习）。 结尾段（好处与总结）：说明爱好带来的好处（如放松心情、提升技能、结交朋友、获得成就感）， 表达对爱好的热爱及未来的计划。 【写作模板】 开头段 Myfavoritehobbyis_________.IstarteditwhenIwas_________yearsold.ThereasonIchosethishobbyis that_________(如：myfathertaughtmehowtodoit/IwasfascinatedbyitwhenIsawothersdoingit).Atfirst,I justdiditforfun,butnowithasbecomeanimportantpartofmylife. 中间段 However,learningthishobbywasnoteasy.Ifacedmanydifficulties.Forexample,_________(如：Icouldn't masterthebasicskills/Ididn'thaveenoughtimetopractice).ThereweretimeswhenIwantedtogiveup.But _________(如：mymotherencouragedmetokeeptrying/Iadjustedmypracticetime).I_________(如：practised for30minuteseveryday/askedateacherforhelp),andslowlyIimproved. 结尾段 Thishobbyhasbroughtmemanybenefits.Ithelpsme_________(如：relaxafterabusyschoolday/improve mypatience).Ialso_________(如：madenewfriendswhosharethesamehobby/wonasmallcompetitionlast year).Iwillkeepthishobbyforalongtime,andIhopeto_________(如：becomebetteratit/shareitwithmore people)inthefuture. 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【好句积累】 描述爱好的表达： Myfavoritehobbyis.../Iampassionateabout... Ihavebeendoing...asahobbyfor...years. Thishobbyhasalwaysbeenclosetomyheartbecause... 描述困难的表达： Atfirst,Ifounditquitechallengingto... Istruggledwith...andoftenfeltfrustrated. ThereweremomentswhenIthoughtaboutgivingupbecause... 描述克服困难的表达： Withtheencouragementof...,Idecidedtokeepgoing. Ichangedmyapproachandstartedto... Ipersistedinpractising,andgraduallyImadeprogress. 描述好处的表达： Thishobbynotonlyhelpsmerelaxbutalsoimprovesmy... ItgivesmeastrongsenseofachievementwhenI... Thankstothishobby,Ihavemademanylike-mindedfriends. 【必背范文】 MyFavoriteHobbyMyfavoritehobbyisplayingtheviolin.IstarteditwhenIwaseightyearsold.Mymusic teacherplayedtheviolinforourclass,andIwasdeeplyimpressedbyitsbeautifulsound.That'swhyIdecidedto learnit. However,learningtheviolinwasmuchharderthanIexpected.Atfirst,Icouldn'tholdthebowcorrectly,andthe soundImadewasterrible.Ipractisedforhoursbutstilldidn'timprove.Ifeltdiscouragedandwantedtoquit.My teachernoticedmyfrustrationandtoldme,"Progresstakestime.Keeppractising,andyou'llgetbetter."Ifollowed heradvice,practising40minuteseverydayandwatchingonlinetutorials.Slowly,thesoundbecamebetter. Now,playingtheviolinismyfavoritewaytorelax.Afterabusydayatschool,playingapieceofmusicmakes allmystressdisappear.Lastyear,Ijoinedaschoolmusiccompetitionandwonthirdprize.Thishobbyhasalso taughtmetheimportanceofpersistence.Iwillkeepplayingtheviolinandhopetoperformonabiggerstageone day. 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【实战演练】 以 “MyHobbyandRelaxation” 为题，写一篇短文。 要求：1. 介绍你最喜欢的放松类爱好（如书法、弹吉他、听音乐等）； 2. 用 1-2 句话说明你如何通过这个爱好放松（参考课文 “dosth.torelax” 结构）； 3. 简单分享一次用这个爱好缓解压力的经历； 4. 词数 80-100，需用到 “spend...doingsth.”“encouragesb.todosth.” 等课文重点句型。 _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 八下 3 Unit 2 Stay Healthy. Talkabouthealthproblemsandgiveadvice 目标导航 Unit2.Stayhealthy 1. 学习描述健康问题的表达方式 目标 2. 掌握情态动词should提建议的用法 3. 掌握重点短语和句型 5aReadtheconversation.What’sthematterwithHelen? Doctor:Takeaseat,Helen.Howareyoufeeling? Helen:Notgood...Ihavearunnynoseandafever. Doctor:Letmetakeyourtemperature...Oh,it'squitehigh. Helen:Yes,itstartedyesterday.Ifeltsocold,andIdidn'thavemuchenergy.WhenItriedtogetoutofbed,I almostfellandhurtmyself.Mythroathurtstoo. Doctor:Let'ssee.Yes,thebackofyourthroatlooksveryred.We'llneedtodoatest,butIbelieveyouhavetheflu. It'sfluseason. Helen:WhatshouldIdo,Doctor? Doctor:Youshouldtakesomemedicineanddrinkenoughwater. Helen:OK,thankyou.CanIgotoschooltomorrow? Doctor:No,youshouldrestathome.Whenyou'reoutside,pleasewearamask.Itstopsusfrompassingthe fluvirustootherseasily. Helen:Iwill! Doctor:Andremember,yourhealthisinyourhands.Ifyoutakegoodcareofyourself,you'llgetbettersoon. 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司词汇梳理 （一）词汇变形小结： feel 感觉(v.) → ________(n.) 感觉；感受 run 跑(v.) → ________(adj.) 流鼻涕的 energy 精力(n.) → ________(adj.) 精力充沛的 hurt 受伤(v.) → ________(过去式) medicine 药(n.) → ________(adj.) 医学的 health 健康(n.) → ________(adj.) 健康的 care 照顾(v.) → ________(adj.) 小心的 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Idon'thavemuch________(energy)today. 2.She________(hurt)herlegwhenshefelldownyesterday. 3.Youshouldtakethe________(medicine)threetimesaday. 4.It'simportanttokeep________(health). 5.Pleasetake________(care)ofyourlittlesister. 重点词考点拓展 1.Howareyoufeeling? 你感觉怎么样？ 【用法详解】用于询问对方（尤其是身体状况），比 "Howareyou?" 更具体、更关切。 【即学即用】 —Howareyou________(feel)? —Notgood.Ihaveaheadache. 2.Ihavearunnynoseandafever. 我流鼻涕还发烧。 【用法详解】描述症状的常用句型：havea+ 症状名词。 常见症状：acough（咳嗽），asorethroat（喉咙痛），aheadache（头痛），afever（发烧）。 24 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【用法详解】 感冒 发烧 havea/an+疾病名称 咳嗽 头痛 胃痛 havea/an+身体部位-ache 牙痛 患病的表达方式 haveasore+身体部位 背疼 喉咙疼 主语+hurt(s)/cut(s)+ 身体部位 / 反身代词 Hehurtshimself. 【即学即用】 Ihavea________(咳嗽)anda________(喉咙痛). 3.Ididn'thavemuchenergy. 我没有太多精力。 【用法详解】energy为不可数名词，表示“精力；能量”。 【即学即用】 Afterthelongrace,hehadno________(energy)left. 4.Ialmostfellandhurtmyself 伤到自己 【用法详解】hurt+ 反身代词表示“伤到自己”。反身代词有：myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself, ourselves,yourselves,themselves。 【即学即用】 Becareful!Don't________(hurt)yourselfwiththatknife. 5.Youshouldtakesomemedicineanddrinkenoughwater。 你应该吃点药并且喝足够的水。 【用法详解】 重点：should为情态动词，表示“应该”，用于提建议。后接动词原形。 否定形式：shouldnot(shouldn't)+do 【拓展延伸】enough意为“足够的；足够地”，既可作形容词也可作副词。作形容词修饰名词时，放在名 词的前面，作副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面。（名前形副后） 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Eg.Don’tworry!Youhaveenoughtimetofinishit. 别担心！你有充足的时间来完成它。 Youshouldbecarefulenoughwhenyoucrosstheroad. 过马路时你应该足够小心。 Theplayerrunsquicklyenough. 这个运动员跑得足够快。 【即学即用】 1.Youshould________(drink)morewaterwhenyouhaveacold. 2.Youshouldn't________(go)toschoolifyouhaveafever. 3.Cathycheckedherpaper________sothatshecouldgetgoodgradesthistime. A.carefulenough B.enoughcareful C.enoughcarefully D.carefullyenough 4.Itwas________forustosolvethemathproblem.Fewofuscouldevenunderstandit. A.easyenough B.enougheasy C.difficultenough D.enoughdifficult 6.Itstopsusfrompassingthefluvirustoothers. 它阻止我们把流感病毒传染给别人。 【用法详解】 重点：stopsb.fromdoingsth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。 【即学即用】 Theheavyrainstoppedusfrom________(play)footballoutside. 7.Yourhealthisinyourhands. 你的健康掌握在你手中。 【用法详解】固定短语beinone'shands意为“由某人自己掌控”。 【即学即用】 Yourfutureis________yourhands.(在) 8.takegoodcareofyourself 好好照顾自己 【用法详解】 重点：takecareof=lookafter，意为“照顾”。后接代词需用宾格。 【即学即用】 26 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Youareill.Youshouldtakegoodcareof________(you). Section A 基础提升练 一、根据对话内容，选择Helen的症状和医生的建议 Helen'ssymptoms: A.runnynose B.fever C.sorethroat D.noenergy E.hurtherself Doctor'sadvice: A.takemedicine B.drinkenoughwater C.restathome D.wearamaskoutside E.doatest 二、根据对话内容，回答下列问题 6.What'sthematterwithHelen? 7.Whatdidthedoctorsayaboutherthroat? 8.WhatshouldHelendotogetbetter?(列出两点) 9.Whyshouldshewearamask? 10.Whatdoes"Yourhealthisinyourhands"mean? 三、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 11.Youshould________(take)themedicineaftermeals. 12.She________(hurt)herarmwhenshefelloffthebike. 13.Mybrotherdoesn'thavemuch________(energy)inthemorning. 14.Pleasetakecareof________(you)whenyou'realone. 15.Themaskcanstopusfrom________(get)sick. 四、根据汉语意思，使用所学短语补全句子 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司16. 你应该好好休息。 Youshould________________________. 17. 她昨天发烧了。 She________a________yesterday. 18. 请照顾好你的妹妹。 Please________________________yoursister. 19. 这药能阻止你咳嗽。 Thismedicinecan________you________________. 20. 你的未来掌握在你手中。 Yourfutureis________________________. 五、完形填空 Allovertheworldpeopleenjoysports.Sportshelppeopletokeep__1__,happyandtolive__2__.People playdifferentgamesinwinterandsummer.__3__isgoodforswimming.Andinwinterpeopleoftengoskating. Somesportsarevery__4__andpeopleeverywherelikethem.Forexample,footballisverypopular.InChina , mostpeople,men,__5__boysandgirls,liketowatchfootballgames.Theyoftentalkaboutthem.__6__and jumpingbeganlong,longago.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerather__7__.Peoplebegantoplaythemnotlong ago.Andpeopleare__8__newsports.Waterskiing(滑水)isoneof__9__.People__10__differentcountriesmay notbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragametheyoftenbecomefriends. ( )1.A.health B.busy C.healthy D.lazy ( )2.A.long B.longer C.happy D.short ( )3.A.Winter B.Summer C.Autumn D.Spring ( )4.A.boring B.difficult C.expensive D.interesting ( )5.A.woman B.women C.old D.people ( )6.A.Run B.Runs C.Running D.Torun ( )7.A.new B.interesting C.popular D.old ( )8.A.start B.play C.playing D.starting ( )9.A.oldest B.newest C.theoldest D.thenewest ( )10.A.in B.of C.from D.at 28 学科网（北京）股份有限公司语法专题 一、情态动词 should 的用法 情态动词should意为“应当；应该”，后接动词 ，没有人称和数的变化。 一、should的句式结构 句式 结构 例句 肯定句 主语+should+动词原形+其他 Weshouldhelpthepeopleintrouble. 否定句 主语+shouldn’t+动词原形+其他 Theyshouldn’teattoomuch. 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+should+主语+动词原形+其他？ Whereshouldwemeet? Should+主语+动词原形+其他？ —It’stoocold.ShouldIclosethewindow? 一般疑问句 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+should. —Yes,youshould. 否定回答 No, 主语+shouldn’t. —No,youshouldn’t. 二、should的基本用法及示例 用法 示例 表示劝告、建议 YoushouldanswerthequestioninEnglish.你应该用英语回答这个问题。 表示义务、责任 Childrenshoulddotheirhomeworkbythemselves.孩子们应该独自做作业。 表示推断、判断 Theyshouldbeathomenow,Ithink.我认为，他们现在应该在家。 表示惊讶、赞叹、不满等 HowshouldIknow?我怎么会知道？ 【即学即用】 1.Dogs________runthroughsoccergamesatthepark.It'sdangerous! A.should B.shouldn't C.need D.needn't 2.Tokeepchildrensafe,we________putthethingslikeknivesandmedicineawayinourhouse. A.may B.should C.can D.might 3.Youshould________morefruit. A.eats B.eat C.eating D.toeat 4.Ifyouhaveaheadache,Ithinkyou________seeadoctor. A.will B.shall C.should D.can 29 学科网（北京）股份有限公司二、反身代词 一、语法概述 反身代词常表示“某人自己”，在人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词后加-self（单数）/-selves（复数） 构成反身代词。 三、反身代词的分类 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 我自己 你自己 他自己 她自己 它自己 复数 我们自己 你们自己 他们自己 三、反身代词的用法 1.反身代词多用于动词或介词后作宾语，表示“某人自己” Eg.Helearnedtorideabicyclebyhimself.他自己学会了骑自行车。 2.反身代词应与它所指代的名词或代词在人称和数上保持一致。 Eg.In1955,WaltDisneyhimselfopenedthefirstDisneyPark.在1955年，沃尔特·迪士尼自己开了第一个迪士 尼公园。 3.反身代词常考短语： ►byoneself 独自 ►enjoyoneself玩得开心 ►lookafteroneself 照顾自己 ►helponeselfto随便吃,随便用 ►teachoneself 自学 ►hurtoneself 伤到自己 ►cutoneself 切到自己 ►dressoneself 自己穿衣服 【即学即用】 1. Couldyouhelpmecleanthefloor?Ican'tdoit__________(I). 2. Youmustlookafter__________(you)wellwhileI'maway,Tom. 30 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3. Yoursisteristooyoung,soshecan’tgotoschoolby (she). 4. Don’tworry.Wecansolveourproblemsby (we). 5.---Dad,couldyoupleaseteach_______English? ---Sure！ Butit'smoreimportanttolearnitby________. A.my;English B.my;you C.me;you D.me;yourself 语法小测 一、单项选择 1.You are the future of this country. Don't keep asking what this country can do for you.Ask ________what you candoforthiscountry. A.us B.ourselves C.you D.yourselves 2. —Doyouknowwhotaught________French? —Nobody.Helearneditby________. A.his;himself B.him;him C.him;himself D.his;him 3.－Youruncleisverygoodatcooking!Howdidhelearnit? －Helearneditby_______. A.him B.himself C.her D.herself 4.You_______driveyourcarsofast.It'sverydangerous. A.wouldn't B.shouldn't C.couldn't D.mightn't 5.Boys,don’tlose_______inplayingAngryBirds.Itisbadforyoureyestoplaycomputergamesforalongtime. A.himself B.yourself C.themselves D.yourselves 6. —I’llhaveatennisgametomorrow.I’malittlebitnervous. —Believein_______.You’rethebestinourclub. A.herself B.myself C.yourself D.himself 7.Becarefulwiththeknife.Youmayhurt_______. A.himself B.ourselves C.myself D.yourself 8.—Willmycarbereadybytheendoftheday? —It________be,sir.I’llcallifthere’sanyproblem. A.must B.could C.shall D.should 9.We________eatordrinkinthemuseum.Itisagainsttherule. 31 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.shouldn’t B.needn’t C.would D.could 10.Mysonisolderthan________,andhecanlookafter________now. A.your;himself B.yours;him C.yourself;him D.yours;himself 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Asastudent,Ishouldtrytofinishmyhomeworkby________(I). 2.Withoutmyparents'help,youshouldlookafter________.(you) 3.Youshouldn’talwaysthinkabout________(you). 4.Thelittlegirlusuallyfinishesherhomeworkby________(her)anddoesn’tneedothers’help. 5.Weareoldenoughtocontrol________(we)well. 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 八下 4 Unit 2 Stay Healthy. Talkaboutwhattodoinanemergency 目标导航 Unit2.Stayhealthy 1. 掌握与火灾安全相关的词汇和表达。 目标 2. 学习并运用“so...that...”,“thanksto”,“beabouttodo...when...”等重点句型。 ACookingAccident JameslivedinthecitywithhisfriendAllen.Itwastheirfirsttimelivingawayfromtheirfamilies,and theyenjoyedlearninghowtodomanythingsthemselves. OneSaturday,Jamesdecidedtomakefriedchicken.First,hepouredoilintoapan.Thenheturnedon thestoveandlefttheoiltoheatwhilehepreparedthechicken.Justthen,heheardthefrontdooropen, followedbythesoundofAllensinging. "Guesswhat,"Allencalledouthappily."Wewon!" "No way!" James followed him into the living room. He wanted to hear all about the football game! Suddenly,Allenstoppedtalkingandlookedup. "Hey,doyousmellsomethingburning?" "Ohno!" They both rushed back into the kitchen.The pan was on fire! Large flames were jumping into the air. Ina panic, James turnedoff the stove atonce.But he was so closeto the pan that a flame jumped onto his shirt. James cried out and threw himself to the floor. He put out the fire by rolling on the ground, but thepanwasstillburning! "Getwater,quick!"heshouted. Allen wasabout todo sowhen hestoppedshort. Thanks tothefirst aid andsafety classes hetookat 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司school, he knew that water could make oil fires much worse! Instead, he ran to the living room to get the fireextinguisher.Inseconds,thefireintheburningpanwasputout. "AreyouOK?"Allenaskedhisfriend. "I think so," James said. It was lucky that his shirt wasn't too thin! His arm was red, but it didn't hurt verymuch. "Maybeweshouldeatouttonight,"Jamessaidasherancoolwateroverhisarm. "Sure,wecoulddothat.Whatdoyouwant?" "Anythingbutfriedchicken,"hesaidsadly. 词汇梳理 （一）词汇变形小结： -fire 火 (n.)→onfire(短语) 着火 -burn 燃烧 (v.)→burning(adj.) 燃烧的 -panic 惊慌 (n./v.)→inapanic(短语) 惊慌地 -extinguish 熄灭 (v.)→fireextinguisher(n.) 灭火器 -safe 安全的 (adj.)→safety(n.) 安全 -decide 决定 (v.)→decision(n.) 决定 -prepare 准备 (v.)→preparation(n.) 准备 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Thebuildingwas__________(fire)whenthefirefightersarrived. 2.Heshouted__________(panic)whenhesawtheflame. 3.Everykitchenshouldhaveafire__________(extinguish). 4.Wemustput__________(safe)firstwhencooking. 5.Shemadea__________(decide)tolearnfirstaid. 34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1.Hewassoclosetothepanthataflamejumpedontohisshirt. 他离平底锅太近了，以至于火苗窜到 了他的衬衫上。 【用法详解】 重点：so...that... 引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。结构为：so+ adj./adv.+that+ 从句。 【易混辨析】so...that... 与 such...that... -so+ 形容词/副词 +that... -such+(a/an)+ 形容词 + 名词 +that... 【即学即用】 1.Theboxis__________heavy__________nobodycanmoveit. 2.Itwas__________aboringmovie__________Ifellasleep.(用so或such填空) 2.Thanks tothefirstaidandsafetyclasseshetookatschool,he knew that watercouldmake oilfires muchworse! 多亏了他在学校上的急救和安全课，他知道水会让油火更糟！ 【用法详解】 重点：Thanksto... 是一个介词短语，意为“多亏了，由于”，后接名词或代词，表 示原因，通常引出积极的原因或因素。 【易混辨析】thanksto 与 thanksfor thanksto 多亏；由于 介词to后跟表示感谢的对象，可以是名词、代词或动词-ing形式 thanksfor 因……而感谢 介词for后跟感谢的原因，可以是名词、代词或动词-ing形式 Eg.Thankstoyou,Iamnotlost. 幸亏你我才没迷路。 Eg.Thanksforsendingmesuchanicepresent. 谢谢你寄给我这么好的一个礼物。 【即学即用】 3.__________ourteacher'shelp,wefinishedtheworkontime. 4.__________theheavyrain,thefootballmatchwascancelled.(此句用Thanksto是否合适？为什么？) 3.Allenwasabouttodosowhenhestoppedshort. 艾伦正要这么做，这时他突然停了下来。 【用法详解】 重点：was/wereabouttodo...when... 表示“正要做……这时……突然……”。when 在此处相当于“atthatmoment”。 35 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【即学即用】 5.Iwasabouttogotobed__________thedoorbellrang. 6.Theywereabouttostartthegame__________itbegantorain. 4.Heputoutthefirebyrollingontheground. 他通过在地上打滚扑灭了火。 【用法详解】 重点：bydoingsth. 表示“通过做某事的方式”，用作方式状语。 【即学即用】 7.Wesavedthelittlebird__________(climb)upthetree. 8.SheimprovesherEnglish__________(read)aloudeverymorning. 5.Inseconds,thefireintheburningpanwasputout. 几秒钟之内，燃烧的平底锅里的火就被扑灭了。 【用法详解】inseconds 意为“在几秒内；瞬间”。putout 为动词短语，意为“扑灭（火）”。 【即学即用】 9.Thefiremenarrivedand__________thebigfirequickly. 10.Thenewcomputercanfinishthecalculation__________. Section B 基础提升练 一、根据课文内容，选择正确答案。 1.Whatcausedthefire? A.Jamespouredtoomuchoil. B.Jameslefttheheatingoilunattended. C.Allenturnedthestovetoohigh. D.Thechickenwasnotpreparedwell. 2.WhydidAllenruntogetthefireextinguisherinsteadofwater? A.Becausetherewasnowaterinthekitchen. B.Becausehelearnedinsafetyclassesthatwaterisbadforoilfires. C.BecauseJamestoldhimtodoso. D.Becausethefireextinguisherwascloser. 36 学科网（北京）股份有限公司二、根据课文《ACookingAccident》内容，判断下列句子正(T)误(F)。 ( )1.JamesandAllenwerelivingwiththeirfamiliesinthecityatthattime. ( )2.Jameswaspreparingthechickenwhentheoilstartedtoheat. ( )3.Allencamehomehappilybecausehisfootballteamwonthegame. ( )4.WhenJamesturnedoffthestove,thefirewascompletelyputout. ( )5.Allenusedwatertoputouttheoilfireatfirst. 三、根据课文内容，回答下列问题。 6.WhydidJamesleavethekitchenwhiletheoilwasheating? _________________________________________________________________ 7.WhatwasthefirstthingJamesdidwhentheysawthepanwasonfire? _________________________________________________________________ 8.HowdidJamesputoutthefireonhisshirt? _________________________________________________________________ 9.WhatstoppedAllenfromgettingwater? _________________________________________________________________ 10.Whatisthemainlessonwecanlearnfromthisstory? _________________________________________________________________ 四、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1. James__________(decide)tomakefriedchickenthatSaturday. 2. He__________(pour)oilintoapanandthen__________(turn)onthestove. 3. Hisshirt__________(catch)firebecausehewastooclosetothepan. 4. Allen__________(put)outthepanfirewiththefireextinguisher. 五、根据汉语意思，使用所学短语或句型补全句子。 1. 这个游戏太有趣了，我们都想再玩一次。 Thegamewas__________interesting__________weallwantedtoplayagain. 2. 多亏了现代医学，许多疾病得以治愈。 __________modernmedicine,manyillnessescanbecured. 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3. 我正要出门，这时电话响了。 I__________leave__________thephonerang. 4. 如果油着火了，千万不要用水去扑灭。 Ifoil__________,neverusewaterto__________. 六、完形填空 Allovertheworldpeopleenjoysports.Sportshelppeopletokeep__1__,happyandtolive__2__. Peopleplaydifferentgamesinwinterandsummer.__3__isgoodforswimming.Andinwinterpeopleoften goskating.Somesportsarevery__4__andpeopleeverywherelikethem.Forexample,footballisvery popular.InChina,mostpeople,men,__5__boysandgirls,liketowatchfootballgames.Theyoftentalk aboutthem.__6__andjumpingbeganlong,longago.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerather__7__. Peoplebegantoplaythemnotlongago.Andpeopleare__8__newsports.Waterskiing(滑水)isoneof __9__.People__10__differentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragamethey oftenbecomefriends. ( )1.A.health B.busy C.healthy D.lazy ( )2.A.long B.longer C.happy D.short ( )3.A.Winter B.Summer C.Autumn D.Spring ( )4.A.boring B.difficult C.expensive D.interesting ( )5.A.woman B.women C.old D.people ( )6.A.Run B.Runs C.Running D.Torun ( )7.A.new B.interesting C.popular D.old ( )8.A.start B.play C.playing D.starting ( )9.A.oldest B.newest C.theoldest D.thenewest ( )10.A.in B.of C.from D.at 38 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 八下 5 Unit 3 Growing Up. Talkaboutfamilycommunicationandfeelings Unit3GrowingUp. 1. 学习表达情绪与沟通的句型 目标 2. 掌握重点动词短语与句型结构 Readtheconversation.DoyouthinkJudyandherparentscommunicatewell? Lily:What'swrong,Judy? Judy:Well,myparentsaren'thappywithmygrades. Lily:Really?Weren'ttheyprettygoodthisterm? Judy: Yeah, but my parents have very high standards. They often compare me with my cousin, Kate. She gets bettergrades,playsthepianowell,oftenwinsawards... Lily:I'msorrytohearthat.ButI'msureyourparentsjustwantyoutodowell,althoughtheymaynotshowit.Why don'tyoutalktothem?Untilyoutalktothem,theymightnotknowhowyoufeel. Judy: I guess ... I know my parents love me, but sometimes I think they love Kate more. I'm afraid I'll cry if we talk. Lily:Howaboutwritingthemalettersothatyoucangetyourmessageacrossclearly? Judy:Oh,that'sagoodidea. Lily:Writingthingsdowncanalsomakeyoufeelbetter. Judy:Thanks!Justtalkingtoyoumakesmefeelbetteralready! 词汇梳理 （一）词汇变形小结： compare 比较 (v.)→___________(n.) 比较 write 写 (v.)→__________(n.) 写作 39 学科网（北京）股份有限公司communicate 沟通 (v.)→__________(n.) 沟通 feel 感觉 (v.)→__________(n.) 感觉 encourage 鼓励 (v.)→__________(n.) 鼓励 choose 选择 (v.)→__________(过去式) relax 放松 (v.)→__________(adj.) 令人放松的 →__________(adj.) 感到放松的 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Myparentsoftenmakea__________betweenmeandmybrother.(compare) 2. Good__________isthekeytoagoodrelationship.(communicate) 3. Shetoldmeher__________abouttheexam.(feel) 4. Thankyouforyour__________.Ithelpedmealot.(encourage) 5. Afterahotbath,Ifelt__________andsleepy.(relax) 6. He__________tostayathomelastnight.(choose) 1.Judy’sparentshaveveryhighstandards.朱迪的父母有着非常高的标准。 【用法详解】 havehighstandards表示“有很高的标准”。 standard为可数名词，常用复数形式表示“标准、要求”。 【即学即用】 Myteachers______forourhomework. A.havehighstandard B.hashighstandards C.havehighstandards D.hashighstandard 2.Theyoftencompareherwithhercousin,Kate.他们经常把她和她的表妹凯特作比较。 【用法详解】compare此处用作及物动词，意为“比较”，常与介词with/to搭配使用。 Eg.Ifyoucomparethetwobooks,you’llfindwhichoneisbetter. 如果你比较一下这两本书，你就会发现哪一本 更好。 【易混辨析】compare...with...与compare...to... 40 学科网（北京）股份有限公司固定搭配 用法 图解助记 表示“把……与……比较”，常用于同 compare...with... 类事物之间的比较，侧重区分 表示“把……比作……”，常用于异类 事物之间的比较或比喻，侧重相同点或 相似点 compare...to... 也可表示“把……与……比较”，此时 可与compare...with...互换 【即学即用】 1.你的新房子和旧房子比起来怎么样？ Howdoesyournewhouse____________________youroldhouse? 2.中国古代的皇帝把他们自己比作龙。 TheemperorsofancientChina______________________________dragons. 3.—Ifyoualwayscompareyourself_________others,youmayhavetonsofpressure. —Iagree.Weshouldbelieveinourselves. A.of B.with C.for D.in 4.Whenwestudyforeignlanguages,it’snecessary_________them_________ChineseinEnglishstudy. A.compare;to B.tocompare;with C.comparing;to D.tocompare;into 3.Untilyoutalktothem,theymightnotknowhowyoufeel。直到你告诉他们，否则他们可能永远不会知道 你的感受。 【用法详解】 until表示“直到……为止”，主句为延续性动词时用肯定形式；主句为短暂性动词时用否定形式（not...until）。 结构： 肯定句：主句（延续性动词）+until+ 时间点/从句 否定句：主句（非延续性动词）+not+until+ 时间点/从句 【例句】 Iwillwaituntilyoucomeback.（肯定） 41 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Hedidn'tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.（否定） 【即学即用】 1.She______leave______therainstops. A.will;until B.won't;until C.doesn't;until D.didn't;until 2.Weplayedgames______itwasdark. A.when B.after C.until D.while 4.Whydon’tyoutalktothem?为什么不和他们谈谈呢？ 【用法详解】 Whydon’tyou…?用于提建议，相当于Whynot…?后接动词原形。 【即学即用】 ______youwritealettertoher? A.Whydon’t B.Whynot C.Howabout D.Let’s 5.Howaboutwritingthemaletter?写信给他们怎么样？ 【用法详解】 Howabout…?用于提建议，后接名词或动词-ing形式。类似表达：Whatabout…? 【即学即用】 Howabout______awalkafterdinner? A.take B.totake C.taking D.takes 6.I’mafraidI’llcryifwetalk.我害怕如果我开口，泪水就会不自觉地流下。 【用法详解】 用法 含义 图解助记 beafraidof(doing)sth. 害怕（做）某事/某物 beafraidtodosth. 害怕/不敢做某事 beafraid+that从句 恐怕……，that可省略 42 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Eg.Theboyisafraidoffallingintotheriver. 这个男孩害怕掉进河里。 Thegirlisafraidtowalkaloneonthestreetatnight. 这个女孩害怕晚上独自在街上走。 I’mafraid(that)Ican’tcometomorrow. 恐怕明天我不能来了。 【即学即用】 1.---Areyouafraidof_________athome,Linda? ---No,I'vegrownup. A.alone B.beingalone C.beinglonely D.lonely 2.Thelittlegirlisafraid_________snakes. A.of B.at C.in D.to 7.Althoughtheymaynotshowit,I’msureyourparentsjustwantyoutodowell.虽然他们没有表现出来， 但我确定你的父母只是希望你去做好。 【用法详解】 although意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句，不能与 but 连用。 【例句】 Althoughitwasraining,wewentout. 虽然下雨，我们还是出去了。 【即学即用】 ________heistired,hestillkeepsworking. ________sheisyoung,sheknowsalot. 8.Don’tbetoohardonyourself!不要对自己太苛刻了！ 【用法详解】 behardonsb.表示“对某人严厉”。反义：beeasyonsb.（对某人宽容） 【即学即用】 Mymathteacheris______us. A.hardon B.hardto C.hardfor D.hardwith 9.sothatyoucangetyourmessageacrossclearly.这样你就能清楚地传达你的信息。 【用法详解】getsth.across是一个有用的短语动词，意思是“把……传达清楚；使被理解”。 43 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【即学即用】 1.Heisgoodat__________hisideas__________. 2.Theteachertriedtogetthemeaningacrosstothestudents.(同义句转换) Theteachertriedto__________themeaning__________tothestudents. 10.Trytolookonthebrightside.要看到事情积极的一面。 【用法详解】 lookonthebrightside表示“看光明的一面；乐观对待”。常用于鼓励他人。 1.【即学即用】 Evenifyoufail,youshould______. A.lookthebrightside B.lookonthebrightside C.lookatbrightside D.lookonbrightside Section A 基础提升练 一、根据对话内容，完成思维导图填空。 1..Judy'sproblem Judy'sparentshaveveryhigh__________. Judy'sparentsoften__________herwithhercousin,Kate. 2.Lily'sopinion Judy'sparentsjustwantherto__________. 3.Lily'sadvice Judycan__________. Judycanalso__________. 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 1.Myfatheris__________metodrive.(teach) 2.Ispentanhour__________fortheEnglishtest.(practise) 44 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3.Herwordsgavemegreat__________totryagain.(encourage) 4.Aftertheholiday,Ifeel__________andhappy.(relax) 5.He__________tostudyabroadlastyear.(choose) 6.Thisisa__________(relax)movie.Itmakesmefeelcalm. 三、根据汉语意思，使用所学短语或句型补全句子。 1.请不要放弃学习英语。 Pleasedon't____________________learningEnglish. 2.直到我和他谈过，我才知道真相。 I__________knowthetruth__________Italkedtohim. 3.虽然下雨了，但我们玩得很开心。 __________itwasraining,wehadagreattime. 4.去散散步怎么样？ ____________________goingforawalk? 5.他发现很难把他的想法说清楚。 Hefoundithardto__________hisideas__________. 四、单项选择。 1.__________heisveryrich,hedoesn'tspendmuchonclothes. A.AlthoughB.ButC.SoD.Because 2.Wedidn'tleavethepark__________itgotdark. A.whenB.whileC.untilD.after 3.Howabout__________themaletter? A.writeB.towriteC.writingD.wrote 4.Myparentsoftencompareme__________myclassmates. A.toB.withC.forD.on 5.Theteacherencouragedus__________hard. A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked 45 学科网（北京）股份有限公司五、完形填空 Whenever the exam season comes, stress may come along. Here are some 1 that have helped me and my friendsthroughthisseason. Whenthestressofexamsisreallyhittingme,Istopandtakeawalk.Iusuallyborrowmyneighbor’sdogand 2 for about fifteen minutes. Many boys would simply choose to run for a while, or play ball games. Having some 3 drivesawayyourstresseasilymostofthetime. And 4 youfindmusichelpful,justhaveatry.Listeningtoyourfavoritesongswillsurelymakeyou 5 . Thebestthingaboutthisisthatyoudon’thavetogo 6 . Butifyouareabookloverjustlikeme, 7 abookyoulikeforhalfanhour.Readingcantakeyoutoplaces you 8 getto.Puttingyourselfintoanewworldhelpsyouforgetyourstressinthisworldforalittlebit. Forsure,there’snothingbetter thanlaughing. Laughing isthebestmedicine.Itcanreally keep 9 off your mind! Ioften callmy best friend and we 10 our good time or something funny, and I’m feeling better before I knowit. Remember many others also face the problem of stress just like you, and it is not something that cannot be dealtwith. ( )1.A.ways B.reasons C.habits D.results ( )2.A.walk B.jump C.stand D.sit ( )3.A.jokes B.sports C.tasks D.lessons ( )4.A.before B.until C.since D.if ( )5.A.lovely B.friendly C.happy D.sleepy ( )6.A.somewhere B.everywhere C.anywhere D.nowhere ( )7.A.copy B.write C.print(打印) D.read ( )8.A.ever B.never C.sometimes D.always ( )9.A.worry B.action C.surprise D.peace ( )10.A.thinkabout B.talkabout C.careabout D.hearabout 六、阅读还原七选五 Itisnecessarytolearnhowtocommunicatewithpeoplefromotherculturestobuildgoodrelationshipswith them.___1____ Learnabouttheculturefirst.___2___Beforemeetingwithsomeonefromanotherculture,trytotaketimeto learnthebasic “dosanddon’ts”ofthatculture. 46 学科网（北京）股份有限公司___3___Eachculturehasitsownvalues,beliefsandprejudices(偏见).Youshouldn'tjudgepeoplebasedon thesedifferences.Instead,respectthemforwhattheyare.Youmayevenlearnsomethingnew. Speakclearlyandslowly.Don'tshoutatothers.Raisingyourvoicedoesn’tmakeyoueasierto understand.___4___.Communicationdifficultieslieinculturaldifferences,notbecauseofintelligence. Understandrulesabouttouching.Someculturesmayexpectmorephysicalcontact(接触)betweenpeople.For example,someculturesmayshakeortouchhandsmorereadilythanothers.____5____ A.Herearesomerules. B.Sodon'ttakeitasimpolite. C.Showrespectfortheculture. D.Alittleknowledgecanbehelpful E.Donottreatotherpeopleasiftheyaresilly. F.Doyouthinkyoucancommunicatewithnowords? G.Peoplecancommunicateinmanywayswithoutwords. 一、提建议的句型 一、常用提建议的句型 句型结构 含义 示例 Whydon’tyou+ ? 你（们）为什么不…… Whydon’twewritetopenfriend? =Whynot sth.? 呢? WhynotjoinanEnglishclub? How/Whatabout+ ? ……怎么样? What/HowaboutwatchingEnglishmovies? Let’s+ . 让我们……吧. Let’sgoswimmingthisafternoon. 我们/你（们）应该/可 We/Youshould/could+ . Weshouldgetupearlier. 以…… Wouldyoumind+ ? 你介意……吗? Wouldyoumindspeakinginalowvoice? Would/Could you please 请你……好吗? Wouldyoupleaseturndowntheradio? + ? hadbetter（not）dosth. 最好（不要）做某事 We’dbetterspeakEnglishasmuchaspossible. Wouldyoulike+todosth.? 你（们）想要……吗? Wouldyouliketogooutforawalk? 47 学科网（北京）股份有限公司二、提建议句型的常用答语 肯定回答 否定回答 Goodidea./That’sagoodidea.好主意。 I’dlove/liketo,but...我愿意，但是…… OK./Allright./Great.好/行/太好了。 Sorry,Ican’t./Sorry,but... Noproblem.没问题。 对不起，我不能/对不起，可是…… Iagreewithyou.我同意你的看法。 Idon’tthinkso.我不这样认为。 Sure./Of course./Certainly./I’d love to./I’d like I’mafraidnot.恐怕不行。 you.当然可以/我愿意。 【即学即用】 1.—You_______writehimalettertosayyouaresorryforit. —I’mnotgoodatwritingletters.Iwanttotalkaboutit_______thephone. A. could;on B.should;in C.can;over D.must;by 2.—MyEnglishispoor.Couldyouhelpmewithit? —_______. A.Thankyou B.Me,too C.Noproblem D.Seeyou 3.—Whydon’tyoustoptohavearest? —_______. A.That’sagoodidea B.That’sallright C.Yes,Ido D.That’sforsure 4.It’sgettingdark.You’dbetter_______outbyyourself.It’sdangerous. A.notgo B.nottogo C.togo D.go 5.Whydon’tyou_______earliertocatchtheearlybus? A.gettingup B.getup C.getsup D.gotup 二、until、although 与 so that 引导的状语从句 一、语法概述 在复合句中，用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。状语从句由从属连词引导，从属连词不充当句子成分， 只起连接作用。根据状语从句表达的意思可分为时间、原因、条件、目的、结果和让步等类型。本单元主 要学习until、although与sothat引导的状语从句。 二、until引导的时间状语从句 48 学科网（北京）股份有限公司肯定句中 表示“ ” 主句谓语动词用延续性动词 主句谓语动词用非延续性动词 否定句中 表示“ ” Eg.Ihavetostayhereuntiltherainstops. 我不得不待在这儿，直到雨停。 Cathydidn’tgohomeuntiltherainstopped. 直到雨停了，凯茜才回家。 三、although引导的让步状语从句 although引导的让步状语从句一般翻译为“ ”，一般情况下，although与though可以互换，但两 者都不能与 同时出现在一个句子中，但可以和yet/still同时出现。 Eg.Althoughshe’sveryweak,sheworksveryhard. 她尽管身体很弱，但是工作很努力。 四、sothat引导的目的状语从句 sothat表示“ ”，从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can/could/may/might等连用。 Eg.Heshouldtalktohisfriendsothathecansayhe’ssorry. 他应该跟他的朋友谈谈，以便能向其道歉。 【拓展延伸】sothat+从句 =inorderthat+从句=inorderto+do 语法小测 一、单项选择 1.Theywenttotheplaygroundandpracticedrunning_______theycouldwintherace. A.until B.sothat C.assoonas D.unless 2.—Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat? —_______.I'mhungry. A.Yes,Ican B.Yes,please C.No,thanks D.No,Idon'tlikeit 3.—Jim,youshouldn'targuewithyourfriend.Youarereallybestfriends. —_______Thanksforyouradvice. A.Really? B.You'reright. C.Why? D.Soundsgreat. 4.Somepeoplewon’trealizetheimportanceoftheirfriendship_______theyloseit. A.after B.when C.until D.as 5.Youshouldstudyhard_______youcanmakeprogressinstudy. A.inorderto B.assoonas C.sothat D.suchas 49 学科网（北京）股份有限公司6.Hedidn’twalkslowly_______hewassurenobodywasfollowinghim. A.and B.since C.until D.but 7.ThislittleboycanspeakEnglish_______heisonlyeightyearsold. A.if B.so C.because D.although 8.—Ifeelstressedfromtimetotime.Couldyougivemesomeadvice? —_______sharingyourworrieswithyourparents? A.Whydon'tyou B.Howabout C.Whynot D.Wouldyoulike 9.—It'snearlylunchtime.Howabouthavingsomenoodlesanddumplings? —_______. A.You'rewelcome B.That'sallright C.That'sniceofyou D.Thatsoundsgood 10.Youcouldclimbthemountains_______youcankeephealthy. A.until B.sothat C.assoonas D.inorderto 11.—Jim,let'sgoouttoplaybasketball. —Oh,Iwon'tdothat_______Ifinishmyhomework. A.if B.until C.because D.although 12.—WhynotholdaChinesePoetryCompetitiontowelcomeourschool's70thbirthday? —_______Let'smakeaplantogetherinourgroup. A.That'sallright. B.Yes,please. C.Goodidea. D.Nevermind. 13.—Mom,shallwehavesuppernow? —Oh,wewon’thavesupper_______yourdadcomesback. A.until B.when C.after D.although 14.—Whynot_______Johnatoycarforhisbirthday? —Goodidea!Heiscrazyaboutcars. A.buy B.buying C.tobuy D.buys 15.(山东滨州中考)—IthinkIamtheshyestinmyclass.WhatshouldIdo? —Bemoreactiveinclass_______youcanimproveyourabilitytoexpressyourself. A.sothat B.unless C.or D.although 50 学科网（北京）股份有限公司二、语法填空 Workingonateamisimportant.However,ifpeopleonyourteamarenotgoodat1. (communicate),youmayoftenfeelterrible.Tocreateasuccessfulteam,goodcommunicationisthemost necessarypartforboththeleader(领导)andteammembers.Thefollowingaresome2. (help) suggestions. Listentootherpeopleactively. When someone is speaking to you, you should listen to him/her actively.3. you're notsure about something, you should ask him/her about it. In this way, you can get your answer 4. any question beforemovingon. Thinkaboutotherpeople'sideascarefully. Whensomeonetellsyouabouthis/herideas,youshouldthinkaboutthemcarefully.Thisshowsyouare 5. (interest)inhis/herideasandmakeshim/herfeelgood. Shareyourideaswithotherpeople. When you have a new idea,talk about6. with your team members.This helps to get better ideas. Besidesthis,italsohelpstoimprovetherelations7. youandyourteammembers. 8. (not)criticize(批评)otherpeople. Whensomeoneonyourteamdoessomethingwrong,don'tcriticizehim/her.Youcanhelphim/hertofindout 9. (reason) and then help him/her to deal with the problem. Criticizing your team members too often makesthem10. (keep)awayfromyou.Asaresult,youmayfeellonely. 51 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 八下 6 Unit 3 Growing Up. Howcanwestaypositive？ Unit3GrowingUp. 1. 掌握情绪相关习语 目标 2. 理解并运用重点句型：behardononeself/lookonthebrightside/pulltogether/letsb.down 3. 巩固一般过去时的运用 YouCan’tWin Them All When the bell rang, Matt entered the classroom with a heavy heart. "Hey, Matt," his best friend Tom greeted him. HeandTomwere in theschool's basketballteam. "Why the longface?Are you still feelingblue aboutSaturdaynight'sgame?"Tomasked. "Of course I am," Matt said quietly. He didn't dare to look at Tom as he spoke. "I'm really sorry about lettingeverybodydown.Theotherteamgotthosepointsbecauseofme." "Don't be too hard on yourself!" Tom said. "Although you pushed their player, it was just an accident. Everyoneknowsthat!" Tom was a good friend. But Matt knew the referee didn't share Tom's opinion.When the referee saw Matt push another player, he gave the other team two free throws. Matt was as shocked as anyone when the accidenthappened,butitwastoolate.Hecouldn'ttakeitback. "I guesswehavetorespecthisdecision,"Mattsaidafterawhile."ButwehadagoodchancetowinuntilI madethatmistake.Whywasn'tImorecareful?Icouldjustkickmyself!Ireallycould." "Listen, Matt," said Tom, "try to look on the bright side. The other team is the best in our area, but our scoreswerereallyclose.I'mproudofus,andIknowourcoachandeveryoneelseinourschoolareaswell." Mattfeltabitbetter."Thanks,Tom.Iguessit'sjusthardtolose." 52 学科网（北京）股份有限公司"Hey, you can't win them all," saidTom. "It's more important to learn from yourmistakes so that you don'trepeattheminfuture.We'llkeepworkingtogetherasateam.Oneforall,andallforone,right?" "You'reright.Ifwepulltogether,weshouldwinnexttime,"Mattsmiled.Hewasluckytohaveafriendlike Tom! 词汇梳理 （一）情绪习语小结 习语 含义 情绪 aheavyheart 心情沉重 负面 feelblue 感到悲伤 负面 havealongface 拉长脸，不高兴 负面 inlowspirits 情绪低落 负面 ontopoftheworld 高兴极了 正面 beallsmiles 满面笑容 正面 inhighspirits 情绪高涨 正面 （二）重点词汇变形 enter(v.)→entered(过去式) greet(v.)→greeting(n.) 问候 push(v.)→pushed(过去式) accident(n.)→accidental(adj.) 意外的 53 学科网（北京）股份有限公司decision(n.)→decide(v.) 决定 proud(adj.)→pride(n.) 自豪 repeat(v.)→repeated(过去式) 1.Mattenteredtheclassroomwithaheavyheart. 马特心情沉重地走进教室。 【用法详解】withaheavyheart 表示“心情沉重”，常用于描述情绪低落的状态。 【即学即用】 Helefthishometown________aheavyheart. 2. Whythelongface?/feelblue 为什么拉长脸？/ 感到悲伤 【用法详解】“Whythelongface?” 是口语中常用的句子，相当于“Whyareyouunhappy?”；"feelblue"意为 感到悲伤。 【即学即用】 —Youlooksosad.________? —Yes,I'm________becausemypetisill. 3.“I’mreallysorryaboutlettingeverybodydown.”我真的很抱歉让大家失望了 【用法详解】letsb.down 是固定短语，意为“让某人失望”。 【即学即用】 Ipromisedtohelp,andIwon't________you________. 4.“Don’tbetoohardonyourself!”“不要对自己太苛刻！” 【用法详解】behardonsb. 表示“对某人严厉/苛刻”。 【即学即用】 You'vetriedyourbest.Don't________toohard________yourself. 5.trytolookonthebrightside.”试着从好的方面看问题。” 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【用法详解】lookonthebrightside 看开一点，乐观面对,是鼓励他人保持乐观的常用表达。 【即学即用】 Evenifyoufail,youshould________onthebright________andlearnfromit. 6"It's moreimportant to learnfromyourmistakes sothat youdon't repeat them in future.从错误中吸取教 训更为重要，以免将来重蹈覆辙 【用法详解】重点：sothat意为“ ”，引导目的状语从句，相当于inorderthat。sothat引导 目的状语从句时，从句常出现情态动词may/might/can/could等。 【拓展延伸】重点：so......that与such......that的用法 so+ / +that 如此…… such+a/an+ + +that 以至于…… such+ + / +that 【即学即用】 1.Theteacherspeaksveryloudly_________allthestudentscanhearher. A.sothat B.because C.since D.when 2.Theyspoke_________quietly_________Icouldhardlyhearthem. A.such;that B.so;that C.neither;nor D.both;and 3.—Didyouwatchthesoccergamelastnight?Ourschoolteamwonthegameinthelastminute! —Yes.Iwas_________excited_________Icouldnotfallasleep. A.as;as B.so;as C.too;to D.so;that 4.Somewordpuzzlesinthisbookare_________difficultthat_________studentscansolvethem. A.such;few B.such;little C.so;few D.so;little 7.“Ifwepulltogether,weshouldwinnexttime.”只要我们齐心协力，下次我们一定赢 【用法详解】pulltogether 齐心协力,表示“团结一致，共同努力”。 【即学即用】 It'sadifficulttask,butifweall________together,wecansucceed. 55 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Section B 基础提升练 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Matt________(enter)theclassroomwithaheavyheartafterthegame. 2. Tom________(greet)himkindlyand________(ask)aboutthegame. 3. Don’t________(be)toohardonyourself.Itwasanaccident. 4. Weshould________(pull)togetherasateamtowinthenextgame. 5. I'msorryfor________(let)theteamdown. 6. Shespentthewholenight________(practise)writingthepoem. 7. Mycoachalwaysencouragesme________(notgive)upeasily. 8. It'simportant________(learn)fromyourmistakes. 二、选择正确的短语完成句子 A.lookonthebrightside B.lethimdown C.withaheavyheart D.pulltogether E.behardonyourself F.feelingblue G.alongface H.ontopoftheworld 1.Shewalkedoutoftheroom________afterhearingthesadnews. 2.Whydoyouhavesuch________?Cheerup! 3.Don't________;itwasn'tyourfault. 4.Wemust________toovercomethedifficulty. 5.Please________;tomorrowisanotherday. 6.IhopeIdidn't________bymissingthegoal. 7.Afterwinningthecompetition,hefelt________. 56 学科网（北京）股份有限公司8.Shehasbeen________sinceherbestfriendmovedaway. 三、根据课文内容回答问题 1.HowdidMattfeelatthebeginningofthestoryandwhy? ———————————————————————————————————— 2.WhatmistakedidMattmakeinthebasketballgame? ———————————————————————————————————— 3.WhatdidTomsaytoencourageMatt?(找出文中两句鼓励的话) ———————————————————————————————— 4.Whatdoes"pulltogether"meaninthestory? _________________________________________________________________ 题型专练 一、完形填空 Mattwasamemberoftheschoolbasketballteam.LastSaturday,theyhadanimportantgame.Duringthegame, Mattaccidentallypushedaplayerfromtheotherteam.Therefereesawitandgavetheotherteamtwofreethrows. They 1 thegamebyjustonepoint.Mattfelthehad 2 everyonedown. ThenextMonday,Mattenteredtheclassroom 3 .Hisbestfriend,Tom,noticedhislongface."Whythelong face?Are you still 4 aboutthe game?"Tomasked. Matt said sorry for 5 the team down. ButTom told him notto 6 toohardonhimselfbecauseitwasjustanaccident. TomalsoaskedMattto 7 onthebrightside.Hesaidthattheotherteamwasthebestintheirarea,andtheir ownscoreswereveryclose.Hewas 8 oftheteam.Finally,Tomsaid,"Ifwe 9 together,weshouldwinnext time."Mattsmiledandfeltbetter.Hewas 10 tohavesuchagoodfriend. ( )1.won B.lost C.missed ( )2.Let B.made C.put ( )3.withaheavyheart B.inhighspirits C.allsmiles ( )4.feelingblue B.ontopoftheworld C.inhighspirits 57 学科网（北京）股份有限公司( )5.let B.letting C.tolet ( )6.Is B.be C.are ( )7.Look B.see C.watch ( )8.pride B.proud C.proudly ( )9.Push B.pull C.work ( )10.lucky B.unlucky C.luck 二、阅读理解 Everyonefailssometimes.Themostimportantthingishowwedealwithfailure.Tom,inthestory,showedus a good example. He didn't blame Matt for the loss. Instead, he helped his friend look on the bright side. He reminded Matt that the other team was the best, and their team did very well to have such a close score. He also encouraged the whole team to pull together for the next game.This positive attitude is very important in our daily life, too.When we face difficulties, we should support each other and never give up. Remember,failure is not the end.It'sachancetolearnandbecomebetter. 1.Whatisthemostimportantthingaccordingtothepassagewhenwefail? ———————————————————————————————————————— 2.HowdidTomhelpMattafterthegame? ———————————————————————————————————————— 3.Whatshouldwedowhenwefacedifficulties? ———————————————————————————————————————— 4.Whatcanfailurebeaccordingtothewriter? ———————————————————————————————————————— 58 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3 写作训练 Unit 【写作任务】 假设你是李华，你的笔友Mike在邮件中说他因为在一次重要的英语演讲比赛中忘词而没有取得好名次 他感到非常沮丧（upset），觉得让老师和父母失望了。请你给他回复一封邮件，安慰并鼓励他。 写作要点： 1.对他的感受表示理解。 2.用本课所学短语（如：don'tbetoohardonyourself,lookonthebrightside,learnfrommistakes等）安慰和鼓 励他。 3.分享一个你或你朋友类似的经验以及如何克服的。 4.表达你对他的信心和美好祝愿。 参考开头： DearMike, I'msorrytohearthatyouareupsetabouttheEnglishspeechcontest... Yours, LiHua 【写作思路】 （四步搭建框架） 第一步：开头 —— 共情引入，缓解情绪 先回应 Mike 的邮件内容，明确表达 “我理解你的感受”，避免一上来就讲道理，让 Mike 感受到被接纳。 比如：“I’msorrytohearaboutyourexperienceintheEnglishspeechcontest.Forgettinglinesandfeelinglikeyou letothersdownmustmakeyoureallyupset,andItotallygetthat.” 第二步：中间 1—— 用本课短语提建议，传递积极视角 结合单元核心短语，帮 Mike 换个角度看问题：先劝他 “别对自己太严格”，再引导他 “看到积极的一面”， 最后告诉他 “从错误中学习” 的意义，既扣题又让建议有依据。比如：“But please don’t be too hard on yourself—everyonemakes mistakes,even greatspeakers.Lookonthebrightside:youhadthecouragetostandon stage,whichisalreadyamazing.Andyoucanlearnfromthismistaketoo.” 第三步：中间 2—— 分享类似经历，增强说服力 讲一个自己或朋友 “遇到挫折、最终克服” 的小故事，让 Mike 觉得 “我不是一个人这样”，同时隐含 “挫 折能解决” 的信心。故事不用太复杂，重点突出 “问题 + 解决方法”，比如：“Ionceforgotmylinesinaclass presentation.Ifeltterribleatfirst,butIpracticedmorewithnotecardslater.Nexttime,Ididmuchbetter.” 第四步：结尾 —— 表达信心，给予祝愿 明确告诉 Mike 你相信他，用积极的话语收尾，让他感受到支持。比如：“Ibelieveyou’lldobetternexttime. Cheerup,andletmeknowhowyou’redoingsoon!” 59 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【好句积累】 1. 共情类（开头用，拉近距离）  I’mreallysorrytohearaboutyourtoughexperienceintheEnglishspeechcontest.  It must have been so disappointing to forget your lines and not get a good rank—I’d feel upset too if I were you. 2. 安慰鼓励类（中间用，扣单元短语）  Don’t be too hard on yourself—mistakes are just part of learning, especially when you’re trying something challenging.  Look on the brightside: you practiced hardfor the contestand daredto speakin frontof many people—that’s morethanmanypeoplecando!  Learning from mistakes is the best way to get better. This experience will help you be more prepared next time. 3. 分享经历类（中间用，更显真实）  Last term, I messed up my English debate because I forgot my points. I felt like I let my team down, but my teachertoldmetokeeptrying.Ipracticedwithmyteammateseveryweekend,andwewonthenextdebate.  My friend once forgot her speech in a schoolcontest. She cried at first, but then she made a practice plan and askedhermomtolistentohereverynight.Nexttime,shegotsecondprize! 4. 结尾祝愿类（结尾用，传递信心）  Ihavefullconfidenceinyou—you’realwayshard-working,andthissmallproblemwon’tstopyoufromdoing wellnexttime.  Cheerup!Everysetbackisastepclosertosuccess.I’mlookingforwardtohearinggoodnewsfromyousoon. 【必背范文】 DearMike, I’msorrytohearthatyoufeltupsetaftertheEnglishspeechcontest.Forgettingyourlinesandthinkingyoulet yourteachersandparentsdownmustbereallytough,andItotallyunderstandthat. But please don’t be too hard on yourself! Even great speakers make mistakes sometimes. Look on the bright side—you had the courage to join such an important contest, which is already amazing. And you can learn from mistakestoo:nexttime,youcouldpracticewithsmallnotecardstohelpyourememberthespeech. I once had a similar experience. I forgot my lines in a class English presentation last year. I froze on stage and felt terrible. But my teacher encouraged me to keep trying. I practiced every night with my deskmate, and when I didthepresentationagain,Ididitperfectly. I believe you’ll do much better next time. You’re always hard-working, and this setback will just make you stronger.Cheerup,andletmeknowhowyou’redoingsoon! Yours, LiHua 60 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【实战演练】 假设你是李华，你的笔友 Emma 在邮件中向你倾诉烦恼：她最近刚开始学习中文，不仅汉字记不住、 发音总出错，课堂上也不敢开口回答问题，觉得自己学不好中文，甚至想放弃。请你给她回复一封邮件， 安慰并鼓励她勇敢面对学习中文的困难。 写作要点：1. 对她学习中文的困境和感受表示理解； 2. 用积极观点帮她看待学习中的困难（如 “初学难是正常的”“错误是进步的阶梯”）； 3. 分享你或他人初学某门语言 / 技能时遇到困难并克服的经历； 4. 给出具体的中文学习小建议（如记汉字的方法、练习发音的技巧），并表达你对她的 信心。词数要求：100-120 词。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 61 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 7 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 目标导航 1. 学习与自然奇观相关的核心词汇与表达（wonder,below,research 等）。 SectionA 目标 2. 掌握 wonder 作名词和动词的用法，区分 below 与 under 的用法差异。 3. 能谈论自然奇观的特点与感受。 SectionA, 3a Yaming:Welcomeback,Ella!Howwasyourtrip? Ella:Itwasgreat!WesawtheHukouWaterfallontheYellowRiver.IsthatthelongestriverinChina? Yaming:No,theYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinChina.Ittravelsthefarthestandisabout6,300 kilometreslong.TheYellowRiveris5,464kilometreslongandisthesecondlongest.Bytheway,doyouknow whyit’scalledtheYellowRiver? Ella:Becauseit’syellow? Yaming:Right.Somepartsoftherivercarrybrownandyellowearth. Ella:That’sinteresting!Ilikelearningaboutrivers.MyfavouriteistheNile.Didyouknowit’sthelongest riverinAfrica? Yaming:Yes,it’s6,671kilometreslong.It’sveryimportantinEgypt’shistory. Ella:That’sright.BoththeNileandtheYellowRiverhelpedancientcivilizationstodevelop.Andthey’re stillveryimportanttoday. Yaming:Yes.InChina,weevencalltheYellowRiverour“motherriver”! Ella:Weshouldprotectthembyallmeans. 62 学科网（北京）股份有限公司词汇梳理 一、词汇变形小结 long（adj. 长的）→______（n. 长度） develop（v. 使发展；培育）→______（n. 发展）；→______（adj. 发达的） protect（v. 保护）→______（n. 保护） important（adj. 重要的）→______（n. 重要性） 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 （所给词：long/develop/protect/important） TheYangtzeRiverhasa______ofabout6,300kilometres. Ancientcivilizations______withthesupportofbigrivers. Weshouldpayattentiontothe______ofour“motherriver”. TheNileisofgreat______toEgypt’sancienthistory. 1. BoththeNileandtheYellowRiverhelpedancientcivilizationstodevelop. 尼罗河和黄河都为古代文明的 发展提供了助力。 【用法详解】 动词词义：表示 “发展；使成长；培育” 常用搭配： ①develop...from...（从…… 发展而来） ②developinto（发展成为） ③help(sb./sth.)todevelop（帮助…… 发展） 【例句】 BoththeNileandtheYellowRiverhelpedancientcivilizationstodevelop. AsmallvillageneartheYellowRiverdevelopedintoabigcity. 【即学即用】 用develop的适当形式完成句子： Riversprovidedwaterandsoilto______earlyfarming. Overthousandsofyears,theareahas______intoaculturalcenter. 63 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2. wondern. 奇观；v. 琢磨；想知道 【用法详解】 作可数名词，意为 “奇观”，常用搭配：awonderofnature（自然奇观）。 作动词，意为 “琢磨；想知道”，后接宾语从句或 aboutsth.。 固定短语：nowonder（难怪）、inwonder（惊讶地）。 【即学即用】 It’sa________(wonder)thathefinishedthetaskinsuchashorttime. I________(wonder)howtheybuiltDujiangyan2,000yearsago. ________(wonder)you’retired—you’vebeenwalkingforhours. 3. belowprep./adv. 在…… 下面；少于 【用法详解】 表示位置 “在…… 下面”，不一定垂直，两者间有空隙，反义词 above。 表示数量 “少于；低于”，后接数字。 易混辨析：under 强调垂直正下方，反义词 over。 【即学即用】 Thetemperatureremained________(below/under)zeroallday. Weliveonthefloor________(below/under)theirs. Thequalityoftheproductis________(below/under)average. Section A 基础提升练 （一）根据对话内容，补全句子（每空一词） EllasawtheHukouWaterfallonthe______Riverduringhertrip. TheYangtzeRiveris______thantheYellowRiverinChina. TheYellowRivercarriesbrownandyellow______insomeparts. TheNileisthelongestriverin______. InChina,peoplecalltheYellowRiver“______river”. （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 （所给词：long/develop/importance/see/help） 64 学科网（北京）股份有限公司IstheYellowRiverthe______riverinChina?No,it’sthesecond. The______oftheYellowRivercultureinfluencesChinesepeopledeeply. We______thebeautifulHukouWaterfalllastsummervacation. Bigrivers______ancientpeoplebuildtheirhomesandfarms. It’simportanttosupportthe______ofareasalongtheYangtzeRiver. （三）句型转换 TheYangtzeRiverisabout6,300kilometreslong.（对划线部分提问） →____________istheYangtzeRiver? Weshouldprotectriversbyallmeans.（改为同义句） →Weshouldprotectriversin____________. Ellalikeslearningaboutrivers.（对划线部分提问） →______doesEllalikelearningabout? TheNileisthelongestriverinAfrica.（改为同义句） →TheNileis______than______otherriverinAfrica. Yamingsaid,“TheYellowRiverisour‘motherriver’.”（改为间接引语） →YamingsaidthattheYellowRiver____________“motherriver”. 65 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 8 The Wonders of Nature 目标导航 1. 掌握 survive, risk, curious, include 等重点词汇及相关短语。 Section B 目标 2. 熟练运用形容词和副词的比较级与最高级描述事物特征。 3. 理解探索自然的意义，能阐述相关观点。 词汇梳理 （一）词汇变形小结： wonder（n. 奇迹）→______（adj. 精彩的；绝妙的） survive（v. 生存；存活）→______（n. 生存；存活） determine（v. 决定；使下决心）→______（adj. 坚决的；有决心的） condition（n. 状态；状况）→______（adj. 有条件的） 【练一练】用所给词的适当形式填空 ThesceneryofMountQomolangmais______(wonder)inautumn. The______(survive)oftheclimbersdependedontheircarefulpreparation. TheChineseteamwas______(determine)tofinishtheclimbfromthenorthernside. Theactivitywillbeheld______(condition)ontheweather. 三、重点词考点拓展 1.survivev. 生存；存活；艰难度过 【用法详解】 作及物 / 不及物动词，常见搭配： ①survivesth.（艰难度过某事） ②surviveonsth.（靠某物生存） 名词形式：survival（生存；存活，不可数名词） 例句 66 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Onlythebestclimbersreachthetop,andthatisonlyiftheysurvivetheterribleconditionsfirst. Foodandwaterarenecessaryforsurvivalinthewild. 【即学即用】 用survive的适当形式完成句子： Hewasluckyto______thecaraccidentlastmonth. Theplant’s______inthedryenvironmentsurprisedthescientists. 2.conditionn. 状态；状况；条件 【用法详解】 表示 “状态 / 状况” 时，常用搭配：in...condition（处于…… 状态） 表示 “条件” 时，常用搭配：under...conditions（在…… 条件下） 复数形式conditions常表示 “环境；情况” 例句 Climbersmustdealwiththinair,highcliffs,andchangeableconditions. Hershoeswereinpoorcondition. Therescuewascarriedoutunderextremelydifficultconditions. 即学即用 用condition的适当形式完成句子： Theoldhouseisinbad______andneedstoberepaired. Wecangocamping______theweatherisfine. 3.riskv. 使…… 冒风险 n. 危险；风险 【用法详解】 作及物动词：risksth./doingsth.（冒…… 的风险；冒险做某事） 作名词：常用搭配atrisk（有危险）、taketheriskofdoingsth.（冒着做某事的风险） 形容词形式：risky（有危险的） 例句 Whydopeoplestillrisktheirlivestoclimbthehighestmountainintheworld? Doctorssayit’stooriskytotryandoperate. 即学即用 67 学科网（北京）股份有限公司用risk的适当形式完成句子： Don’t______swimminginthedeepriveralone. Thepatient’slifeis______ifwedon’tactquickly. Section B 基础提升 （一）根据文章内容，补全句子（每空一词） MountQomolangmaisoneofthegreatest______oftheworld. OnMountQomolangma,temperaturescanfallto______degrees. Before1960,thenorthernsideofQomolangmawascalledthe“______Road”. TheSecondStepofQomolangmais______metresabovesealevel. On25May1960,the______nationalflagflewonQomolangmaforthefirsttime. （二）用所给词的适当形式填空 （所给词：wonder/survive/condition/risk/determine） It’s______(wonder)thattheteamfinishedtheclimbinsuchbadweather. The______(survive)oftheclimbersinthesnowstormwasarealmiracle. Climbershavetofaceterrible______(condition)onhighmountains. Youshouldn’t______(risk)yoursafetytotakebeautifulphotos. Thestudentswere______(determine)tofinishtheirprojectbeforetheholiday. （三）句型转换 AChineseclimbingteamwasdeterminedtomaketheclimb.（改为同义句） →AChineseclimbingteam____________tomaketheclimb. Climbersmustdealwiththinair,highcliffs,andchangeableweather.（对划线部分提问） →____________climbersmustdealwith? Peoplesaiditwassohighthatevenbirdscouldnotreachit.（改为同义句） →Peoplesaiditwas______high______birdstoreach. At4:20a.m.on25May,theChinesenationalflagflewaboveQomolangma.（对划线部分提问） →____________didtheChinesenationalflagflyaboveQomolangma? OnlythebestclimbersreachthetopofQomolangma.（改为被动句） →ThetopofQomolangma____________onlybythebestclimbers 68 学科网（北京）股份有限公司形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 一、语法概述 形容词和副词的比较级用于两者比较，最高级用于三者及以上比较，分为规则变化和不规则变化。 二、变化规则 分类 规则 示例 单音节词 / 部分双 一般加 -er/-est fast→faster→fastest 音节词 以 e 结尾加 -r/-st large→larger→largest 重读闭音节（辅元辅），双写尾字 fat→fatter→fattest 母加 -er/-est 多音节词 / 部分双 popular→morepopular→most 加 more/most 音节词 popular good/well→better→best； bad→worse→worst； 不规则变化 特殊记忆 many/much→more→most； little→less→least； far→farther/further→farthest/furthest 三、用法 （一）比较级用法 A+ 动词 + 比较级 +than+B（A 比 B 更……） 比较级 +and+ 比较级（越来越……） Which/Who+ 比较级，AorB？（A 和 B 哪一个更……？） （二）最高级用法 A+ 动词 +the+ 最高级 +in/of...（A 是…… 中最…… 的） oneof+the+ 最高级 + 可数名词复数（最…… 的之一） Which/Who+ 最高级，A,BorC？（A、B、C 哪一个最……？） 69 学科网（北京）股份有限公司【即学即用】 Thisriveris________(long)thanthatone. Ourlifeisbecoming________(moreandmoreconvenient)withtechnology. MountQomolangmais________(highest)mountainintheworld. Whichis________(fiercer),thetigerorthelion? 语法小测 一、单项选择 Tomruns________thanhisbrother.A.fastB.fasterC.fastestD.thefastest Thisis________bookI’veeverread.A.interestingB.moreinterestingC.mostinterestingD.themost interesting Whichis________,coffeeortea?A.betterB.bestC.goodD.thebest Shesings________thananyotherstudentintheclass.A.beautifulB.morebeautifulC.beautifullyD. morebeautifully 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 Heworks________(hard)thanhisclassmates. Thisisthe________(good)movieI’veseenthisyear. Theweatherisgetting________(warm)and________(warm). Sheisoneofthe________(clever)studentsinourschool. 写作训练 Unit 4 【写作任务】 以 “MyFavoriteNaturalWonder” 为题，写一篇短文，介绍你最喜欢的自然奇观。要求：1. 说明奇观 的名称及位置；2. 描述其特点（用比较级或最高级）；3. 阐述你喜欢它的原因；4. 词数 100-120。 【谋篇布局】 开头段（引入奇观）：明确点明自己最喜欢的自然奇观名称，说明其所在的位置（国家 / 地区）。 中间段（描述特点）：用 “最高级” 说明该奇观的全球 / 区域地位，用 “比较级” 对比它与其他自 然奇观的不同之处，补充 1-2 个具体特点（如景观、气候等）。 结尾段（阐述原因 + 总结）：说明喜欢该奇观的 2 个核心原因，表达观赏它时的感受，提及未来 70 学科网（北京）股份有限公司想要探访的愿望。 【写作模板】 开头段MyFavoriteNaturalWonderMyfavoritenaturalwonderis_________.Itislocatedin_________ (国家 / 地区). 中间段Itisoneofthe_________(最高级 + 名词，如：greatestmountains)intheworld.Comparedwith otherwonders,itis_________(比较级 + 形容词，如：morechallengingtoreach).Forexample,_________(描 述具体特点，如：itstemperaturecanfallto-30℃inwinter). 结尾段Iloveitbecause_________(原因 1，如：itshowsthepowerofnature).Besides,_________(原 因 2，如：itremindsmeofthecourageofclimbers).Itmakesmefeel_________(感受，如：smallbutinspired) andappreciatethebeautyofnature.Ihopeto_________(未来的愿望，如：visititsbasecamp)oneday. 【好句积累】 描述自然奇观位置的表达 -...islocatedin.../...liesin... Thisamazingwondercanbefoundin... Itsitsinthesouthern/northernpartof... 描述自然奇观特点的表达 Itisoneofthe+ 最高级 + 可数名词复数 +intheworld/China. Comparedwith...,itis+ 比较级 +(todo/adj.). Whatmakesitspecialisthat... 阐述喜欢原因的表达 Ilovethiswondermainlybecause... Whatimpressesmemostaboutitis... Itnotonly...butalso...(如：showsnature’sbeautybutalsoteachesmeaboutpersistence) 【必背范文】 MyFavoriteNaturalWonderMyfavoritenaturalwonderisMountQomolangma.Itislocatedintheborder areabetweenChinaandNepal. Itisoneofthegreatestmountainsintheworld.Comparedwithotherfamouspeaks,itismoredangerousto climb.Forexample,itstemperaturecanfallto-30℃,andclimbershavetofacethinairandchangeableweather. Iloveitbecauseitstandsforthe“topoftheworld”andshowsnature’sgreatpower.Besides,thestoryof 71 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Chineseclimbersreachingitstopin1960inspiresmedeeply.Itmakesmefeelhumbleinfrontofnatureand cherishthespiritofcourage.Ihopetovisititsbasecampandseeitsbeautywithmyowneyesoneday. 【实战演练】 以 “MyFavoriteNaturalWonderinChina” 为题，写一篇短文。要求：1. 说明该奇观的名称及所在省 份；2. 用 “oneofthe+ 最高级” 描述其地位；3. 用 “comparedwith” 对比它与另一自然奇观的特点；4. 词 数 90-110，需用到 “beableto”“makesb.feel...” 等课文重点句型。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 72 学科网（北京）股份有限公司专项训练 一、语法选择（共 10 小题） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从 A、B、C、D 中选出最佳选项。 Zhangjiajieisoneofthe1______amazingnaturalwondersinChina.It’saplace2______youcansee thousandsofstrangerockpillars(石柱)reachingintothesky.Manyvisitorscomehereeveryyear,and3______of themgazeattheviewsbelow4______wonder. Lastyear,IvisitedZhangjiajiewithmyfamily.Wewalkedalongapath5______themountains.The temperaturetherewasalittle6______thanthatinthecity.Wesawsomebirdsflying7______thepillars,andeven metaresearcherwhowas8______thelocalplants. “It’snowonderpeoplelovethisplace,”mydadsaid.“It’sawonderthatnature9______suchbeautiful sights.” Yes,Zhangjiajieisnotjustanaturalwonder—it’salsoaplace10______remindsusofthepowerofnature. 1. more B.most C.much D.many 2. where B.when C.which D.what 3. much B.little C.many D.few 4. on B.in C.at D.with 5. between B.among C.above D.under 6. low B.lower C.lowest D.thelowest 7. below B.under C.over D.above 8. research B.researches C.researched D.researching 9. create B.creates C.created D.creating 10. who B.which C.when D.where 二、完型填空（共 10 小题） 阅读下面短文，从 A、B、C、D 中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 Lastsummer,myclasstookatriptoDujiangyan—oneofthegreatestirrigationwondersintheworld.We wereall1______aboutthisancientprojectbeforethetrip,sowedidsome2______onlinetolearnitshistory. Whenwearrived,ourguidetoldusDujiangyanwasbuiltover2,000yearsago.Unlikemoderndams,it doesn’tstoptheriverbutcontrolsthewaterflow.“It’sstillworkingtoday,”theguidesaid.“That’swhyit’scalled 73 学科网（北京）股份有限公司a3______ofnatureandhumanwisdom.” Wewalkedalongtheriverandsawfarmersusingthewatertowatertheircrops.Someofus were4______toknowhowitwasbuilt.Theguideexplainedthattheproject5______threeparts,andeachpart hasitsownjob. Onourwayback,wetalkedaboutthetrip.“I6______howpeoplemadethiswithoutmoderntools,”my deskmatesaid.“Metoo,”Ireplied.“Itmakesmerealizeweshould7______thewondersleftbyourancestors.” Thistripwasn’tjustfun—italsotaughtusto8______natureandhumancreativity.Ievenwroteadiary aboutit,9______somephotosItook.IhopeIcanvisitmorenaturalwondersinthefuture,evenifIhave to10______alittletiredness! 1. A.curious B.bored C.angry D.tired 2. A.Housework B.research C.exercise D.shopping 3. A.wonder B.condition C.risk D.death 4. A.happy B.easy C.curious D.lucky 5. A.includes B.including C.included D.include 6. A.wonder B.wonders C.wondered D.wondering 7. A.Protect B.destroy C.risk D.die 8. A.Look B.appreciate C.fight D.struggle 9. A.includes B.including C.included D.include 10. A.survive B.risk C.struggle D.fight 三、阅读理解（选择，共 5 小题） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 中选出最佳选项。 MountQomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld.Foryears,ithasattractedclimbersfromallover theworld.Butclimbingitisnoteasy—climbershavetofaceterribleconditions:thinair,coldtemperatures(aslow as-40℃),andchangeableweather. Before1960,noonecouldreachthetopfromthenorthernside(theChineseside).Itwasevencalledthe “DeathRoad”.Butin1960,aChineseclimbingteammadehistory.Theystruggledwiththebadconditionsand finallyreachedthetoponMay25.Later,in1975,anotherChineseteambroughtaladdertothe“SecondStep”(a dangerouspartofthemountain).Thisladder,calledthe“ChineseLadder”,helpedmanyclimbersafterthat. In2020,aChineseteammeasuredMountQomolangma’sheight:8,848.86metres.Thisnumberisnowthe 74 学科网（北京）股份有限公司officialheightofthemountain. Whydopeoplerisktheirlivestoclimbit?Somesayit’sbecauseofhumancuriosity;otherssayit’sjust “becauseit’sthere”. 1WhatisthemainproblemforclimbersofMountQomolangma? A.Thehighcost.B.Theterribleconditions. C.Thelongdistance.D.Thecrowdedpaths. 2Whatdidthe1975ChineseteambringtoMountQomolangma? A.Aflag.B.Aladder.C.Amap.D.Acamera. 3WhatistheofficialheightofMountQomolangmanow? A.8,848.43metres.B.8,848.86metres. C.8,600metres.D.8,844.43metres. 4Whyisthenorthernsidecalledthe “DeathRoad”? A.Becausenoonecouldclimbitbefore1960. B.Becauseit’stoolong. C.Becausetherearemanyanimals. D.Becausetheweatherisalwayssunny. 5Whatdoestheunderlinedword “curiosity” mean? A. 愤怒 B. 好奇 C. 悲伤 D. 害怕 四、回答问题（共 5 小题） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 DujiangyanisafamousirrigationprojectinSichuan,China.ItwasbuiltbyLiBingandhissonover2,000 yearsago.Unlikeotherdams,Dujiangyandoesn’tblock(阻挡)thewholeriver.Instead,itdividestheriverinto threepartstocontrolthewaterflow.Thishelpsstopfloods(洪水)inrainyseasonsandprovideswaterforfarming indryseasons. Eventoday,Dujiangyanisstillworkingwell.IthelpsmillionsoffarmersinSichuangrowcrops.In2000,it waslistedasaWorldHeritageSite(世界遗产)becauseofitsgreatvalue. ManyvisitorscometoDujiangyaneveryyear.Theylearnaboutitshistoryandwatchhowitworks.Some visitorsevendoresearchonittolearnmoreaboutancientChineseengineering. 75 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1WhobuiltDujiangyan? 2HowlongagowasDujiangyanbuilt? 3WhatdoesDujiangyandoinrainyseasons? 4WhywasDujiangyanlistedasaWorldHeritageSitein2000? 5WhatdosomevisitorsdotolearnmoreaboutDujiangyan? 76 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 形容词副词的比较等级 9 形容词和副词的比较等级 英语中的形容词和副词常用三种形式来表达事物的等级差别，分别是原级、比较级和最高级。 一、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级的构成 1.规则变化 类别 构成 图解助记 一般在词尾加______或______ 以字母e结尾加______或______ 以重读闭音节结尾，如末尾只有 单音节词和 一个辅音字母(辅元辅)，则 部分双音节 ______末尾辅音字母再加______ 词 或______ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变 ______为______再加______或 ______ 多音节词和 所有多音节和部分双音节词，在 部分双音节 词前加______或______ 词 77 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2.不规则变化（补全表格） 原级 比较级 最高级 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well farther farthest far bad/badly/ill further furthest many/much older oldest old little elder eldest 二、形容词和副词比较等级的用法 1.原级的用法和句式 两者的同级比较用“as+形容词和副词的原级+as”（否定用“not+as/so+形容词或副词的原级+as”） Eg.Thisrulerisaslongasthatone. 这把尺子和那把尺子一样长。 Jimisnotas/sotallasTom. 吉姆不如汤姆高。 2.比较级的句式和用法 句式和用法 示例 “A+谓语动词+比较级+than+B”用于两者 Youaretallerthanyourbrother. 你比你弟弟高。 之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个更…… Hejumpedhigherthanyou. 他比你跳得高。 Heisrunningfasterandfaster. 他跑得越来越快。 “比较级+and+比较级”表示事物本身程度 Thecityisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful. 的逐渐变化，意为“ ” 这个城市变得越来越漂亮了。 “the+比较级...，the+比较级...”表示一方程 Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe. 度的变化随着另一方的变化而平行变化，意 你吃得越多，就会越胖。 为“ ” “Which/Who+系动词+比较级，AorB?”表 Whichsweaterischeaper,theredoneortheblueone? 示两个人或事物中哪一个/谁更…… 哪件毛衣更便宜，红色的还是蓝色的？ “A+系动词+the+比较级+ofthetwo（+复数 Maryisthetallerofthetwogirls. 名词）”表示两者中比较……的 玛丽是两个女孩中较高的。 【拓展延伸】 78 学科网（北京）股份有限公司（1）修饰形容词或副词的比较级可以用much,alot,alittle,abit,even,far等，但不能用very,so,too等修饰。 【记忆口诀】两多（much,alot）两少（alittle,abit）一甚至（even），还有一个远（far）去了。 Eg.Thisstoryismuchmoreinterestingthanthatone. 这个故事比那个有趣得多。 （2）在比较结构中，被比较的事物应是同等成分，常用that或those代替前面的名词。 Eg.Theworkersinthatfactoryarefewerthanthoseinourfactory.那个工厂的工人比我们工厂的工人少。 【即学即用】 1.LiWeiisa_______student,buthisbrotheriseven_______thanhim. A.best;better B.better;better C.good;best D.good;better 2.Theseflowersaremuchmorebeautifulthan_______ones. A.that B.it C.those D.one 3.Shenzhenisamoderncityandit’sas_______asHongKong. A.busy B.busier C.thebusiest D.thebusier 4.—Ifthereare_______peopledriving,therewillbe_______airpollution. —Yes,andtheairwillbefresher. A.less;less B.less;fewer C.fewer;fewer D.fewer;less 5._______ourcountrygets,_______thepeoplewillbe,whichiswellknown. A.Thestronger;thehappier B.Themorestrong;themorehappy C.Thestronger;thehappy D.Thestrong;thehappier 3.最高级的句式和用法 句式和用法 示例 Sheistheyoungestinourclass. “the+最高级+in/of...”，其中in后常跟表示 她是我们班里年龄最小的。 组织、团体之类的集体名词；of后跟名词或 Sheistheyoungestofthestudents. 代词与句子的主语属于同一个概念范畴 她是学生中年龄最小的。 “Which/Who+系动词+the+最高级，A，Bor Whichisthebiggest,thesun,themoonortheearth? C?”表示三个人或事物中哪一个/谁最…… 太阳、月球和地球，哪一个最大？ 79 学科网（北京）股份有限公司“one of the +最高级+复数名词”表示 ShanghaiisoneofthemostbeautifulcitiesinChina. “最……的……之一” 上海是中国最美丽的城市之一。 【即学即用】 1.—DoyouknowHongKong-ZhuhaiMacaobridge（港珠澳大桥）? —Yes,itis_______cross-seabridgeintheworld. A.thelonger B.longest C.thelongest D.longer 2.Fishingisoneof_______activitiesamongthemiddle—agedmenlikemyuncles. A.popular B.morepopular C.mostpopular D.themostpopular 3.Amyhasreadmanyhistorybooks,soshelearnshistory_______ofallthesubjects. A.well B.bad C.best D.worst 4.Whichis_______waytotravel,byplane,bytrainorbybus? A.lessexpensive B.morecheaper C.theleastexpensive D.cheaper 一、单项选择 1.—Ofthetwoshirts,whichonedidMombuy? —Sheboughtthe_______onebecauseshecouldsavesomemoneyforacap. A.cheapest B.cheaper C.moreexpensive D.mostexpensive 2.Theearlierwetakeactiontoprotectourenvironment,the_______itwillbeforourfuture. A.better B.best C.worse D.worst 3.Amobilephonewith5Gcansendvideosmuch_______thantheonewith4G. A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.thefastest 4.Ifthereis_______pollution,theairinourcitywillbe_______dirtier. A.less;more B.more;much C.less;less D.more;more 5.AlthoughJaneisonlytenyearsold，shecanswimas_______asherelderbrother. A.well B.better C.badly D.worse 6.Mysisterisdifferentfromme.Sheis_______moreoutgoingthanme. A.much B.quite C.very D.pretty 7.FuntawildAdventureisverypopularand_______touristsvisitityearbyyear. 80 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.moreandmore B.fewerandfewer C.lessandless D.moreorless 8.—Whichcountryhas_______population,Japan,IndiaorChina? —Japan,ofcourse. A.small B.smaller C.smallest D.thesmallest 9.The_______kidslearntobeindependent,the_______itisfortheirfuture. A.early;beautiful B.early;morebeautiful C.earlier;beautiful D.earlier;morebeautiful 10.---Noanimalsintheworldareas_______aspandas. ---Iagree.Ialsothinktheyare_______ofalltheanimals. A.lovely;themostinteresting B.morelovely;interesting C.themostlovely;themostinteresting D.lovely;mostinteresting 11.Theairinourcityis_______thanitusedtobe.Wemustdosomethingtomakeitclean. A.prettygood B.muchbad C.evenworse D.verybad 12.InChina,noodlesare_______thandumplings,dumplingsarethemostpopularfood. A.popular B.morepopular C.lesspopular D.mostpopular 13.TheweatherofBeijingiscoolerthan_______ofGuangzhou. A.it B.this C.that D.those 14.Nanjingisn'tsolarge_______Shanghai,however,it'sthesecond_______cityinEastChina. A.like;largest B.as;largest C.like;large D.as;large 15.—It’scoldtoday.Ican’tstandit.Ihopetomorrowwon'tbeso_______. —Ican't,either.Buttheradiosaysitwillbeeven_______tomorrow. A.cold;cold B.cold;colder C.colder;colder D.colder;coldest 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.TheweatherinFujianis___________(warm)thanthatinJilininwinter. 2.Thismountainisas___________(high)asthatone. 3.Ofthethreeparks,thisoneisthe___________(far)frommyhome. 4.We’rehappytoseeourcityisdeveloping___________(quickly)thanbefore. 5.Mycousinisthe___________(thin)inhisfamily.Heneedstoeatmoreandexercisemore. 6.Cindyisgrowingfast.Sheiseven___________(tall)thanhermother. 81 学科网（北京）股份有限公司7.MostofthestudentsthinkHuangBoisoneofthe ___________(popular)moviestarsinChinanow. 8.Themoreyoutrytoimproveyourself,the___________(happy)youwillfeel. 9.Doyouthinkyouare___________(outgoing)thanyourfather? 10.Thisbagisveryheavybutthatoneiseven___________(heavy). 三、按要求完成句子，每空一词 1.Qomolangmaisthehighestmountainintheworld.（改为同义句） Qomolangmais________than________________mountainintheworld. 2.Hebecamestrongdaybydayashetookexercise.(改为同义句) The________exercisehetook,the________hebecame. 3.Cindygetsupearly.LindagetsupearlierthanCindy.(合并成一句) Cindydoesn'tgetup________________________Linda. 4.ShanghaiisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.(改为同义句) Shanghaiis________________cityinChina. 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的选项中，选出最佳答案，补全短文。 TomandhissisterLilyaretwins,buttheyhaveverydifferenthabits.Tomismuch1.______ thanLily.He likesplayingsportsandalwaysruns2.______inhisclass.Lilyisquieter.Sheenjoysreadingandthinksbooksare 3.______thananyotheractivity. Lastweekend,theirfamilywenthiking.Themountainwas4.______ thantheyexpected.Tomwalked5. ______ atfirst,butsoonhefelttired.Lilywalked6.______ butsteadily.Intheend,Lilyreachedthetop7. ______thanTom.TheirmomsaidLily’swaywas8.______because"slowandsteadywinstherace". Atschool,Tom’smathgradeisgood,butLily’sis9.______Shestudies10.______ thanTomandnever makessillymistakes. ( )1.active B.moreactive C.mostactive ( )2.faster B.fastest C.thefastest ( )3.Interesting B.moreinteresting C.themostinteresting ( )4.steeper B.steepest C.thesteepest ( )5.Quickly B.morequickly C.themostquickly ( )6.Slowly B.moreslowly C.themostslowly 82 学科网（北京）股份有限公司( )7.earlier B.earliest C.theearliest ( )8.wise B.wiser C.thewisest ( )9.better B.best C.thebest ( )10.carefully B.morecarefully C.themostcarefully 四、阅读理解 TheFastestRunnersintheSchool Ourschoolheldasportsmeetinglastmonth,andthe100-meterracewasthemostexcitingevent.Three studentsstoodout:Mike,Lucy,andSam. MikeisinGrade8.Heistallerandstrongerthanmostofhisclassmates.Herunsveryfast,butLucyisfaster. LucyisonlyinGrade7,butshehasbeentrainingforrunningfortwoyears.SherunsmoresteadilythanMike,so sherarelytrips.SamisfromGrade9.Heistheoldestamongthethree,andheisthefastestrunnerinthewhole school.ManyteacherssaidSamrunsthemostquicklytheyhaveeverseenintheschool’shistory. Inthefinalrace,Samstartedalittleslowly,butsoonhecaughtup.Heranfasterandfasterastheracewenton. Lucytriedherbest,butshecouldn’trunasfastasSam.Mikefinishedthird,buthewashappybecauseheranfaster thanhedidinthepractice. Aftertherace,Samsaid,"Trainingisimportant.Ipracticerunningeverymorning,andIthinkconsistencyis moreimportantthantalent."Lucyagreedandsaidshewouldtrainhardertobecomefasternextyear. 阅读理解题目 ( )1.Whoisthefastestrunnerintheschool? A.Mike B.Lucy C.Sam D.Theteacher ( )2.WhydoesLucyrunmoresteadilythanMike? A.Sheistaller. B.Shehastrainedfortwoyears。 C.Sheisolder . D.Sheisstronger. ( )3.WhichsentenceisTRUEaccordingtothepassage? A.MikeisfasterthanLucy. B.Samrunsthemostquicklyintheschool’shistory. C.Lucyfinishedthirdintherace. D.Samdoesn’tpracticerunning. ( )4.WhatdoesSamthinkismoreimportantthantalent? A.Height B.StrengthC. Consistency D.Age ( )5.HowdidMikefeelaftertherace? A.Sad B.Angry C.Happy D.Bored 83 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 过去进行时 10 过去进行时 一、语法概述 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，其基本结构为“was/were+动词-ing形式”。 二、过去进行时的基本句式 句式 构成 例句 肯定句 主语+ +其他 ThegirlwasshoppingwhenIsawher. 否定句 主语+ +其他 Thegirlwasn’tshoppingwhenIsawher. ___________+主语+___________+其他？ —WasthegirlshoppingwhenIsawher? 一般疑问句 肯定回答 Yes, 主语+______/______. —Yes,shewas. 否定回答 No, 主语+______/______. No,shewasn’t. 特殊疑问词+ was/were +主语+动词-ing 形式+其 WhatwasthegirldoingwhenIsawher? 特殊疑问句 他？ 三、过去进行时的基本用法 用法 时间标志 表示过去某一段时间内 常用时间状语：thismorning,thewholemorning/night,alldayyesterday,allnight, 正在进行的动作 from10:00to12:00yesterday,inthosedays等 表示过去某一时刻正在 常用时间状语：atthattime,atthistimeyesterday,at3o’clockyesterdayafternoon 发生的动作 等 表示过去某个动作发生 与when引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用 时，从句用 时） 时，另一个动作正在进行 与while引导的时间状语从句连用（主句用 时，从句用 时） 表示过去某两个延续性 多与while引导的时间状语从句连用 动作同时进行 84 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Eg.IwaswatchingTVthewholenight. 整个晚上我都在看电视。 MissLiwasshoppingatthistimeyesterday. 昨天这个时候李小姐正在购物。 Thestudentswerereadingwhentheteachercamein. 老师进来时学生们正在读书。 Whilehewasreading,thetelephonerang. 他正在看书时电话铃响了。 Iwascleaningmybedroomwhilemymotherwascooking. 我打扫卧室的时候妈妈在做饭。 四、过去进行时的特殊用法 用法 示例 与go,come,leave,start等瞬间动词连 ShewasleavingforShanghaithen. 那时候她就要动身去上海了。 用时，过去进行时表示过去即将发生 Hesaidtheearlybuswascoming. 他说早班车就要来了。 的动作 与always,often等频度副词连用时， Thebabywasalwayscrying. 那个婴儿总是哭。（表示抱怨） 表示对过去某件事的埋怨、讨厌、赞 Whywereyou always getting uplate lastweek? 你上周怎么老是 扬或喜爱，并不强调动作正在进行 起床很晚？（表示埋怨） 【即学即用】 一、句型转换，每空一词。 1.Thegirlwastalkingwithherclassmates.Hermothercalledher.(合并为一句) Thegirl________________withherclassmates________hermother________her. 2.Davidwaswritingareportattenyesterdaymorning.(改为否定句) David________________areportattenyesterdaymorning. 3.Thechildrenwerelaughingloudlyatthattime.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) ________thechildren________loudlyatthattime? Yes,________________. . 4.Wewerewaitingforthebusatthetimeoftherainstorm.(对画线部分提问) ________________you________atthetimeoftherainstorm? 5.Theytookawalkintheparkyesterday.(用at7:00yesterdayevening改写句子) They________________awalkintheparkat7:00yesterdayevening. 二、根据汉语意思及英文提示翻译句子 1.昨天下午三点半,我们正在上音乐课。(lesson) _______________________________________________________________________________. 85 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2.当我看到他的时候,他正在给他的妈妈打电话。(saw,calling) _______________________________________________________________________________. 3.昨天晚上七点,他们正在家里看电视。(watching) _______________________________________________________________________________. 一、单项选择 1.I_______onthecomputerwhenFrankcalledmelastnight. A.work B.willwork C.wasworking D.amworking 2.—Icalledyouyesterdayafternoon,butyoudidn'tpickup. —Sorry.I_______anonlineclassatthattime. A.take B.took C.istaking D.wastaking 3.Whilethelights_______tored,acarsuddenlyappearedaroundthecorner. A.change B.havechanged C.werechanging D.willchange 4.TheGreens_______TVtogetherfrom5:00to7:00yesterdayevening. A.iswatching B.arewatching C.waswatching D.werewatching 5.Thewomanwithherdaughter_______inthatmallwhenshesawtheboyfalldown. A.shopped B.wasshopping C.wereshopping D.isshopping 6._______Linda’smotherwasreadingnewspaper,herfatherwasdoingdishes. A.When B.While C.Before D.Until 7.(湖北裹阳中考)—Lucy,whatwereyoudoingatninelastnight? —I_______thepiano.Iusuallypracticethepianoatthattime. A.play B.played C.wasplaying D.amplaying 8._______wecamebacktoschool,Dalewasplayingtheviolin. A.When B.While C.Until D.After 9.—Wereyoueatingdinneratthetimeoftherainstorm? —_______.Iwasreadingabookaboutplants. A.Yes,Idid B.No,Iwasn’t C.Yes,Iwas D.No,Ididn’t 10.Myfatherwasreadinganewspaperwhilemymother_______dinner. A.iscooking B.cooks C.wascooking D.willcook 86 学科网（北京）股份有限公司11.–Whatwasyourbrotherdoingatthistimeyesterday? -Hewasreadingamagazine_______Iwaswritingane-mailathome. A.assoonas B.after C.until D.while 12.Listen,ourteachers_______RedSongsinthenextroom. A.sings B.aresinging C.issinging D.sang 13.—_______Iwasdoingmyhomework,whatwereyoudoing? —Iwas_______ahotshower. A.While;taking B.Before;taking C.When;take D.When;took 14.—Whatwasyourdaddoingatnineyesterday? —Hewasreadingabook_______Iwasplayingthepiano. A.until B.while C.because D.if 15.(黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考)-Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday? -I_______amovienamedLostinRussiadirectedbyXuZheng. A.wasseeing B.saw C.amseeing 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Myfather___________(read)abookatnineo'clockyesterdayevening. 2.WhileI___________(shop)inthesupermarket,mysistercalledme. 3.TheoldmanwaswalkingacrossthestreetslowlywhenI___________(see)him. 4.Thegirl___________(have)lunchwithherfriendat11:45a.m.yesterday. 5.Ourteacher___________(give)usalessonwhenMariocameintotheclassroom. 6.Look!BarryandJim___________(wait)forthebusthere. 7.IrantothebusstopquicklybutIstill___________(miss)thebus. 8.Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstorm___________(come)? 9.Wedidn'thearyourphonebecausewe___________(sing)then. 10.Therainwas___________(beat)heavilyagainstthewindow. 三、完形填空 I looked at my watch. It was ten to six. There was just ten minutes left before we 1 leave for home. Suddenly the earth began to shake. In no time the shake became very 2 . “Earthquake (地震)!” someone shouted.I 3 theotherstothedoorbutwecouldn’tgetout.Istayedunderadesk,coveringmyheadandneck 87 学科网（北京）股份有限公司with my arms. “Will someone save me 4 the building falls down? Is this the end for me?” I kept thinking aboutthat. Severalminutes 5 theshakestopped.Twoofmyworkmatestriedtoopenthedooragain,andtheymade it! We ranquickly tothe street.Itwas sucha(n) 6 thatwecouldn’tbelieveoureyes —the streetwasfullof debris (碎片) and broken wood. More and more people came out and many were injured (受伤的). Lots of them did 7 butlookupintotheskyinshock. We walked a long way home notsaying much. Some were praying (祈祷) andsome were crying. 8 in such a situation was difficult. Our phones didn’t work because of the earthquake. So it was 9 to find out if our friends were okay. I had no way of letting my family in China 10 that I was still alive (活着) . I just hopedthattheywouldn’thearabouttheearthquakeuntiltomorrow. ( )1.A.could B.couldn’t C.need D.needn’t ( )2.A.tall B.far C.strong D.easy ( )3.A.helped B.allowed C.followed D.waited ( )4.A.since B.while C.until D.if ( )5.A.ago B.before C.later D.after ( )6.A.mess B.accident C.problem D.mistake ( )7.A.everything B.anything C.something D.nothing ( )8.A.Communication B.Notice C.Discussion D.Report ( )9.A.normal B.impossible C.necessary D.important ( )10.A.feel B.remember C.imagine D.know 四、阅读理解 WhenIwasyoung,IlikedtoplayjokesonpeopleIknew,especiallyonmyparentsandfriends.Onedaymy motherwascookingandIwasplayingwithmyyoungerbrotherTony.SuddenlyIrantomymotherandsaid: “Tonyfellfromtheopenwindow!”Shewasveryworriedandranoutofthekitchen.ThenIsaid:“Don’tworry, I’mjustjoking.”Mymothershoutedatme,“Ifyoudoitagain,I’llhityou.” AnotherdayIwentswimmingwithmyfriendsinthesea.Iwantedtoplayajokeonthem.InthebeginningI swamfastandIcalledou“t Help!”Allmyfriendscametohelpme.However,theyfoundthatIwasjoking.Buthalf anhourlaterIwasn’tjoking.Iwassofast,soonIgottiredandcouldn’tswimoninwater.Itriedmybesttocall myfriendsforhelp,butthistimenobodycametohelpme. 88 学科网（北京）股份有限公司IntheendtheyfoundIwastellingthetruth.Theycameandsavedmylife.Theytookmetothehospital.This isthebestlessoninmylife.FromthenonIhaven’tjokedonanyone. ( )1.Whenhewasyoung,thewriterlikedto_________. A.playwithhisbrother B.helphismothercook C.playjokesonpeople D.goswimmingwithhisfriends ( )2.Whathappenedwhenthewriterwasplayingwithhisbrother? A.Hegottired. B.Heplayedajokeonhismother. C.Tonyfellfromtheopenwindow. D.Hismotherhithim. ( )3.Inthebeginning,allhisfriendscametohelphimbecausehe_________. A.swamfast B.calledforhelp C.wouldsinkinwater D.couldn’tswimoninthewater ( )4.Whenthewritercalledhisfriendsforhelpforthesecondtime,they_________. A.tookhimtothehospitalatonce B.cameandsavedhimimmediately C.thoughtatfirsthewasjokingagain D.didnothingbecausethewriterhadliedtothem ( )5.Thestorytellsusthat_________. A.swimmingisdangerous B.thewriterisanaughtyboy C.onecanplayjokesonlyonpeopleheknows D.ifsomeonealwaystellslies,otherswon’ttrust(信任)him 89 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 状语从句 11 unless、as soon as、so...that 引导的状语从句 一、语法概述 在主从复合句中，用作状语的句子叫状语从句。unless、assoonas、so...that分别引导条件状语从句、 时间状语从句和结果状语从句。 二、unless、assoonas、so...that引导的状语从句的用法 引导词 用法及示例 意为“ ”，相当于if...not。引导条件状语从句，句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时 代替一般将来时，即遵循“ ”原则。 unless Eg.如果明天不下雨，我们将去游泳。 Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgoswimming. = . 意为“ ”，引导时间状语从句，若主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将 来，即遵循“ ”原则；若主句是一般过去时或过去将来时，从句用一般过去时。 assoonas Eg.我一吃完饭就会做作业。 . 意为“ ”，引导结果状语从句，其结构如下： ►so+形容词/副词+that从句 ►so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句 ►so+many/few+可数名词复数+that从句 so...that ►so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句 【口诀】“多多少少（many/much/few/little）要用so” Eg.他如此强壮以至于能搬动这个箱子。 90 学科网（北京）股份有限公司. 她是如此漂亮的一个女孩，以至于我们都喜欢她。 . 【拓展延伸】 1.在so...that中，当that引导的结果状语从句是肯定句且从句主语与主句主语相同时，so...that可以与...enough todo 进行转换；当that引导的结果状语从句是否定句时，可与too...to...或not...enoughtodo进行转换。 Eg.Heissostrongthathecancarrythebox.他如此强壮，能搬动这个箱子。 =Heisstrongenoughtocarrythebox. Jimmyissoyoungthathecan’tgotoschool. 吉米（年龄）太小了，不能去上学。 =Jimmyistooyoungtogotoschool. =Jimmyisnotoldenoughtogotoschool. 2.such...that也可以引导结果状语从句，其结构为： ►such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句 ►such+形容词+可数名词单数+that从句 ►such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句 Eg.Theyaresuchgoodstudentsthattheteacherlikesthem. 他们是很好的学生，所以老师喜欢他们。 【即学即用】 一、用括号中所给的连词将两个简单句合并成一句话 1.Youhavetospeakveryslowly.Hewon'tbeabletounderstandyou. (unless) ______________________________________________________________ 2.Itwasverycold.Westayedathomeallday. (so...that) ______________________________________________________________ 3.IwilltellEricthegoodnews.IwillseeEric. (assoonas) ______________________________________________________________ 二、词汇运用。(用unless,until,assoonas,so...that,such...that,if 填空) 1.Hedidn’tgotobed_________hismothercameback. 2._________hesawher,hefellinlovewithher. 3.Sheis_________beautiful_________everyonelikesher. 91 学科网（北京）股份有限公司4.I’llfeelsad_________youdon’tgotogetherwithme. 5.Mydaughterwon’teatdumplings_________sheisveryhungry. 6.Thisis_________aninterestingbook_________manystudentsinmyclasswanttoreadit. 7.Youwillfallbehindyourclassmates_________youstudyharderthanothers. 8.Hewas_________crazyaboutrockmusic_________healmostspentallhisfreetimelisteningtoit. 一、单项选择 1.ThemovieNezhais_______educational________Iwanttoseeitagain. A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.enough;to 2.Myfamilyalwaysgosomewhereinteresting_______theholidaybegins. A.assoonas B.unless C.since D.because 3.Insummer,foodwillgobadquickly_______weputitintoafridge. A.if B.unless C.assoonas D.when 4.Theproblemswere_______easy_______allofusfinishedtheminjusthalfanhour. A.too;to B.such;that C.so;that D.very;that 5.Whenyouareinyourschooldininghallduringlunchtime,youmayfeellonely_______youcanfindsomeone tohavelunchwith. A.if B.unless C.after D.because 6.Assoonastherain_______,theywillgoouttopickapples. A.stops B.stopped C.willstop D.isstopping 7.Jack’smotherwassotired.Shefeltasleep_______shelaydownonthebed. A.until B.assoonas C.unless D.although 8.I’llgotothestorewithyouassoonasmymother_______back. A.come B.comes C.iscoming D.willcome 9.Ibelieve_______hisnewbook_______,itwill_______manyyoungpeople. A.if;comesout;excited B.assoonas;willcomeout;exciting C.if;cameout;excite D.assoonas;comesout;excite 10.Tomwon’tgotothezoounlesshe_______hishomework. A.finish B.finishes C.willfinish D.finishing 92 学科网（北京）股份有限公司11.Tabletennisis_______aninterestinggame_______peopleallovertheworldplayit. A.so;that B.too;to C.such;that D.as;as 12.Marywillmakeaplanassoonasshe_______herhomework. A.finish B.finishes C.finished D.willfinish 13.Itwas_______difficultaquestion_______peoplecouldn'tanswerit. A.too;to B.such;that C.enough;to D.so;that 14.Momwon’tletDickgoout_______hepromisestobebackby10:00tonight. A.if B.when C.since D.unless 15.—Hehas_______muchcouragethathewantstochallengehimself. —Heis_______abraveboy! A.such;so B.so;so C.so;such D.such;such 16.Jim,remembertotellmethenewsassoonasyourcousin_______. A.arrive B.arrives C.arrived D.willarrive 17.Youwon’tfeelhappyatschool_______yougetonwellwithyourclassmates. A.if B.until C.unless D.because 18.Theelephanthas_______astrongbody_______itcandoheavyworkforpeople. A.so;that B.such;that C.too;to D.so;and 19.WuYiwillhelpwiththehousework_______hegetshomeafterschool. A.since B.while C.assoonas D.unless 20.---Whydidn’tyouwritedownwhattheteachersaid? ---Hespoke_______fast_______Ididn’tfollowhim. A.so;that B.too;to C.very;that D.such;that 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Besuretolettomknowthenewsassoonashe___________(arrive). 2.Iwillgoswimmingunlessit___________(rain). 3.Herdreamwillcometrueunlessshenever___________(give)ituphalfway. 4.Theyoungmanwasbraveenough___________(fight)badpeople. 5.AssoonasLucy___________(feel)better,shewillgotoschool. 93 学科网（北京）股份有限公司三、完形填空 Long long ago, there lived a ___1___ monkey. It had two heads and they faced ___2___ directions (方向). Oneday,oneheadofthe monkey saw anicered ___3___.Theheadate itandkept___4___howdeliciousit was. The other head asked, "Can I taste it?" The first head said, "Though I ate it in my mouth, it will go into our ___5___." The other head still wanted to taste the fruit. The first head ___6___, "I saw the fruit and I have the right(权利)toeatit___7___sharing." Later,the second headsaw a beautiful pink fruit ona tree. It tried to pick the fruit and eatit.The birds living inthetreesaid,"Don'teatit.Itwill___8___you." Thefirst headalsoshouted,"Don't eatit!" But thesecondheaddidn't___9___them, "I saw it, andIhave the righttoeatit. Itwillgointoourstomachlater."Anditatethefruit.Inafewminutes,thestrangemonkeywithtwo headsdied! Afamilyshould___10___eachotherinsteadofworkingforone'sowngood(好处). （ ）1.A.common B.short C.big D.strange （ ）2.A.same B.different C.right D.wrong （ ）3.A.fruit B.vegetable C.meat D.bread （ ）4.A.thinking B.saying C.writing D.missing （ ）5.A.heart B.mind C.stomach D.head （ ）6.A.agreed B.promised C.shared D.refused （ ）7.A.without B.with C.by D.through （ ）8.A.kill B.help C.improve D.save （ ）9.A.hearfrom B.lookfor C.fightwith D.listento （ ）10.A.takeafter B.comparewith C.carefor D.learnfrom 四、阅读理解 A InChinese,thereisanidiom(成语)JiangLang’stalentends.Itdescribeswriterswhohavelosttheirtalent. Jiang Lang was a Chinese poet who lived long ago. His real name was Jiang Yan. He was born in a poor family duringtheSouthernDynasty (420—589).Whenhewasyoung,hestudiedhardandbecamegoodatwriting. Many people praised (赞赏) his talent. The prince heard about him and gave him a job in the royal court (朝廷). Later, Jianggotanevenbetterjobandbecamerich.Hewrotelessandless,andhiswritings werenolongergood.People 94 学科网（北京）股份有限公司feltsorryforhimandused“JiangLang’stalentends”todescribehim. Astory says that he had a dream one day.Aman said to him, “I have left my pen in your hand for too long.Nowit’stimetotakeitback.”SoJiangtookoutacolorfulpenandreturnedittotheman.Jiangneverwrotea goodpoemagainafterhavingthisdream. （ ）1．WhenJiangLangwasyoung,hewasgoodat________. A．writing B．teachingstudents C．speaking D．tellingstories （ ）2．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsaboutJiangLangisNOTTRUE? A．Hewasborninapoorfamily. B．Manypeoplepraisedhistalent. C．Hiswritingswerealwaysgood. D．Thedreamwasaboutlosinghistalent. （ ）3．Whichofthefollowingsentencedcanbeputin________? A．Whatdoestheidiomreallymean? B．WhoisJiangLangintheidiom? C．HowdidJiangLangbecomerich? D．WhydidJiangLanglosehistalent? （ ）4．Thebesttitleofthepassagemaybe________. A．WritersandTheirTalentsB．JiangLiang’sFallfromGlory(荣耀) C．InterestingChineseIdioms D．ThePenintheDream B Celebrating (庆祝) Chinese New Year with Chinese friends can be great, but, because of the cultural gap (文化差异),itcanbereallyeasytogivethewronggiftforChineseNewYear.Herearefourthingsyoushouldnot giveasaChineseNewYeargift. Wallet—Lossofyourfinances(财源) In Chinese Spring Festival culture, giving a wallet as a gift means giving away all your money and you might lose all your finances and luck. However, it is no problem to give a wallet to your family member who alreadysharesyourmoney. Handkerchiefs(手帕)—Sayinggoodbyeforever People generally give handkerchiefs at the end of a funeral (葬礼). Handkerchiefs are a symbol of saying goodbyeforever.Givingsomeoneagiftlikethisinsinuatesyouaresayinggoodbyeforever. Umbrellas—Breakup Umbrellas are a bad idea to give as gifts, because the Chinese word for “umbrella” sounds like the word “San”for“breakingup”.Givingsomebodyanumbrellamaymeanthatyoufeelyourrelationshiphasfallenapart. 95 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Shoes—Evil(邪恶) Shoes are a bad idea as a present for Chinese New Year because the Chinese word for “shoes” sounds exactly like a wordforbadluck or“evil”.And shoesaresomething thatyou stepon,they areconsideredas (被认 为)badgifts. （ ）5．Whycan’tyougiveawalletasagiftduringtheSpringFestivalinChina? A．Becauseitistooexpensivetobuyawallet. B．Becauseitisasymbolofsayinggoodbyeforever. C．Becauseyourfamilymemberswon’tletyoudothat. D．Becauseitmeansthatyoumaygiveawayallyourmoneyandluck. （ ）6．Themeaningoftheunderlinedword“insinuates”_________. A．暗示B．找到 C．决定 D．证明 （ ）7．GivinganumbrellaasaChineseNewYeargiftisimpolitebecauseitmeans_________. A．youwillbreakupwithhim/her B．youaresayinggoodbyeforevertohim/her C．youwilldeveloparelationshipwithhim/her D．youdon’twanttosharesomethingwithhim/her （ ）8．Whycan’tshoesbegivenasaChineseNewYeargift? a.Becauseshoesarebadforaperson’sfeet. b.BecauseshoesareoftenseenasbadgiftsinChineseculture. c.Because“givingshoes”standsforgivingbadluckinChineseculture. d.Becausethesoundof“shoes”inChineseissimilartothesoundof“evil”. A．a,b,c B．b,c,d C．a,c,d D．a,b,c,d 96 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 现在完成时（一） 12 现在完成时（一） 一、现在完成时的含义 1.过去对现在：表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态对现 在仍有影响（动作发生在过去，结果影响到现在）。 2.过去到现在：从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在并有可能还 会持续的动作或状态（一直延续到现在，for与since把时间带）。 二、现在完成时的句式结构 现在完成时是由“助动词have/has+过去分词（done）”构成的，其中助动词have/has无实义，帮助构 成时态结构，不可省略。规则动词的过去分词与其过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词须加强记忆。 句式 结构 示例 肯定句 主语+__________+__________+其他. Hehasreadthisbookbefore.他以前读过这本书。 否定句 主语+__________+__________+其他. Hehasn’treadthisbookbefore.他以前没读过这本书。 一般疑 __________+主语+__________+其他? —Hashereadthisbookbefore?他以前读过这本书吗？ 问句及 肯定回答：______, 主语+__________. —Yes,hehas./No,hehasn’t. 其答语 否定回答：______, 主语+__________. 是的，他读过。/不，他没读过。 三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时 一般过去时 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响， 表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状 用法 侧重于现在的情况 态，与现在无关 常和already（已经）、yet（已经；还）、 常和yesterday、lastweek、justnow、in2012、 时间状语 just（刚刚）、ever（曾经）、never（从不）、 twodaysago等具体的表示过去的时间状语 97 学科网（北京）股份有限公司before（以前）、since（自从）+时间点/从 连用 句（一般过去时）、for+时间段、sofar（到 目前为止）等连用 与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性 谓语动词 谓语动词没有延续性或非延续性动词的限制 动词而不用非延续性动词 【拓展延伸】 already“已经”，用在现在完成时的肯定句中（have/has和done之间） yet“已经”，用在现在完成时的疑问句末；“还”，用在现在完成时的否定句末。 ever“曾经”，never“从来没有”，just“刚刚”，用在现在完成时句中（have/has和done之间） recently “最近；近来”，用于现在完成时的句首或句末。 【即学即用】 一、用for、since填空 1.Jimhasbeeninourcity________lastFriday. 2.HehasbeeninFrance________threedays. 3.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia________twoweeks 4.Mymotherisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere________7o’clock. 5.Ihavehadmybike________threemonthsago. 6.Ihavelivedhere________Iwasborn. 二、按要求完成句子，每空一词 1.Tomhasalreadyfinishedallhishomework.(改为否定句) Tom________________allhishomework________. 2.Benhasalreadypaintedtheroom.(改为一般疑问句) ________Benpaintedtheroom________? 3.一Haveyoudecidedwhichcartobuy?(补全肯定答语) —Yes,________________. 4.Mysisterhasreceivedmanybirthdaygifts.(对划线部分提问) ________hasyoursister________? 5.Mysisteristakingsomephotosinthepark.(用already改写句子) 98 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Mysister________________________somephotosinthepark. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Hasshe_________(see)themovieSoYoungyet? 2.Theyhavealready_________(decide)togotoBeidaiheonvacation. 3.Jerry_________(start)towritetheletteryesterday,buthehasn't_________(finish)ityet. 4.Howmanywords_________Mike_________(remember)sofar? 5.Hansel_________(read)thebook,hedoesn’twanttoreaditagain. 一、单项选择 1.一Haveyouheardofthestory? 一_______It'sreallyinteresting. A.Yes,Ihave. B.Yes,Ido. C.No,hehasn't. D.No,Ihaven't. 2.Jackhaslearnedmoreaboutteamwork(团队合作）_______hejoinedthesoccerteam. A.until B.since C.while D.for 3.—WouldyouliketowatchHarryPotterwithmetonight? —Sorry.I_______itmanytimes. A.watch B.havewatched C.willwatch D.waswatching 4.一ThisisthesecondtimeIhavecometoTaiyuan.It_______alot. 一Yeah,itisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful. A.changes B.willchange C.waschanging D.haschanged 5.(2019·贵州铜仁)—Kangkang,IsawyourEnglishteacherintheofficejustnow. —It________behim.He________toShanghaionbusiness. A.must;hasgone B.must;hasbeen C.can’t;hasbeen D.can’t;hasgone 6.一Tom,________youever________thatnewfilm? 一Yes,I________everitaweekago. A.have;seen;saw B.have;seen;see C.do;see;see D.had;seen;saw 7.Inthepastfewyears.manyschools________thewaysofdoingmorningexercises. A.change B.changes C.willchange D.havechanged 8.一Joedoesn'tmindlendingyouhisiPad. 99 学科网（北京）股份有限公司一Heneedn't.Ihave________borrowedone. A.already B.ever C.yet D.never 9.MissBrown,we________cleaningourclassroom.Canwegohomenow? A.finish B.finishing C.arefinished D.havefinished 10.—________you________yourhomeworkyet? —Yes.I________itamomentago. A.Did;do;finished B.Have;done;finished C.Have;done;havefinished D.Will;do;finish 11.I________thebookclublastweekandI________twobooksalready. A.join;read B.joined;read C.joined;haveread D.join;hasread 12.I________hitaboutittwodaysago,buthe________whattodoyet. A.told;hasn'tdecided B.havetold;doesn’tdecide C.told;doesn'tdecide D.havetold;hasn'tdecided 13.—Hi,Lily!Whydon'tyougoswimmingwiththem? —BecauseI________myhomeworkyet. A.didn'tfinish B.won'tfinish C.haven'tfinished D.don'tfinish 14.I________mydictionarytomyclassmateDavidaweekago,buthe________ittomeyet. A.lent;return B.havelent;returned C.lent;hasn'treturned D.havelent;didn'treturn 15.Sofartheyoungman________anythinguseful,buthewillkeeptrying. A.won’tinvent B.didn’tinvent C.doesn’tinvent D.hasn’t invented 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.ThisAmericanboy___________(try)Beijingducktwice. 2.Linda'sbrother___________(use)thetooltomovethestoneinaminute. 3.Theyhavealready___________(arrive)atthatvillage. 4.She___________(speak)Japanesewell,soshecanteachusJapanese. 5.Mysister___________(buy)aCDyesterdayandhaslistenedtoit. 6.Eversincethen,manyofus___________(realize)theimportanceofthefamily. 7.Ilentmybiketoheryesterday.Butshe___________(notgive)itbackyet. 8.Tomisn'tthirstybecausehe___________(drink)twocupsoftea. 100 学科网（北京）股份有限公司9.Mr.Wang___________(work)atthefactoryeversincehewasyoung. 10.Itoldhimaboutittwodaysago.Buthe___________(notdecide)whattodoyet. 三、按要求完成句子，每空一词 1.HasTonywrittenanarticleforthemagazine?(作否定回答) No,________________. 2.Hehasalreadydonehishomework.(改为一般疑问句) ________________donehishomework________? 3.Thestudentshavecleanedtheirclassroom.(改为否定句) Thestudents________________theirclassroom. 4.ThestudentshavereadthebookTomSawyer.(对画线部分提问) ________________________thestudents________? 5.Haveyoudecidedwhentostart?(根据句意回答问题) ________,________________.We'restilldiscussing. 四、阅读理解 Therearemanydifferentkindsofmusicintheworld.Nowlet’sstudysomeofthem. Classical music is a form of music which needs high musical skills. If you want to learn this kind of music, youhavetogothroughpropertraining. Heavy metal music came out after World War Ⅱ. The melody of the song is heavily influenced by the structure(结构) of it. It is also known as “information music”. In heavy metal music, songwriting is based on a form. Hip-hopmusicalwaysincludestheuseofinstrumentssuchastheguitar,violin,piano,bass(低音电吉他)and drums.Inthiskindofmusic,thebassisthemaininstrument.Itwasfirstplayedbyagroupoftravelingsingersand poetsofWestAfrica. Opera music first appeared in Italy in the 1600s. It has a great mixture of theatrical(戏剧的) art and musical inventionandisusedintheaters. Jazz hasstrong andcomplex(复杂的)melodies.The main musicalinstruments are the cornet(短号), trumpet andviolin,whichhelpcarrythemelody. Besides these, there are many other kinds of music such as the blues, new-age music, Celtic music, religious musicandchambermusic. ( )1. musicneedshighmusicalskills. 101 学科网（北京）股份有限公司A.Classical B.Heavymetal C.Hip-hop D.Opera ( )2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“melody”probablymeaninChinese? A.影响 B.款式 C.系统 D.韵律 ( )3.The isusedinbothhip-hopmusicandjazz. A.piano B.violin C.trumpet D.cornet ( )4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage? A.HeavymetalmusicappearedafterWorldWarⅡ. B.Onlyafterpropertrainingcanyoulearnclassicalmusic. C.OperamusicfirstappearedinItaly. D.Peoplecalljazz“informationmusic”. ( )5.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage? A.Differentkindsofmusic B.Ourfavoritemusicians C.Welovemusicbest D.Welcometothemusicclub 五、完形填空 Angela was interested in writing when she was young. She got her first lesson about storytelling from her grandfather.Hestartedher 1 andtaughtheralot. Angela 2 remembered the call that changed her life. It was a sunny morning on Tuesday. The 3 ranginthekitchenofherhome.MartyBanderas,theworkerofabookpublisher(出版商)madethephone call.AngelasenthernoveltoBanderasthreeweeksearlier.BanderasaskedAngelasome 4 information, like age andaddress.Angela felt 5 andasked whatthatwas about.Banderas 6 , “Isoldyour novelforoneandahalfmilliondollars！” Angela sat down in shock. She wrote over fourteen novels, but publishers always 7 them. Her husband advised her to find something else to do, but she never 8 writing. The news from this book publisherwasanexcitingthingforher. NowAngela is writing another novel.And she 9 to get another success. Her belief (信念) has broughthersuccess,andithasalsochanged her 10 .Angela thinks shewillenjoyameaningfullifeif shekeepsonwithherdream. 1．A．treasure B．imagination C．challenge D．research 2．A．hardly B．probably C．clearly D．slowly 102 学科网（北京）股份有限公司3．A．phone B．doorbell C．clock D．alarm 4．A．amazing B．difficult C．personal D．natural 5．A．asleep B．angry C．sad D．strange 6．A．asked B．replied C．wrote D．returned 7．A．accepted B．protected C．refused D．trained 8．A．gaveout B．gaveup C．gaveaway D．gaveback 9．A．hopes B．hates C．agrees D．compares 10．A．mark B．life C．band D．Article 103 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 现在完成时（二） 13 一、现在完成时表示经历的用法 表示经历的词汇 用法说明 示例 have/hasbeento 表示去过某地，可以与never、ever、 Mr.Smith has ever been to China three times. （去过） just、once等连用 史密斯先生曾去过中国三次。 常用于现在完成时的一般疑问句 HaveyouevervisitedthePalaceMuseum? ever（曾经） 中，放在主语之后、过去分词之前 你曾参观过故宫博物院吗？ 表示否定，用在助动词have/has之 —IhaveneverbeentoHongKong. never（从没） 后，过去分词之前。表示否定的简 —Meneither. 我也没去过。 短回答可以用neither 二、have/hasbeento、have/hasgoneto与have/hasbeenin的用法区别 比较项目 用法说明 图解助记 意为“ ”，表示去过某地，现 have/has 在已经回来了，通常与表示次数等的状语连 beento 用，如twice、severaltimes、ever或never等 意为“ ”，表示到某地去了， have/has 强调说话时去某地的人不在场（可能在途中， goneto 也可能已到达） have/has 意为“ ”，in后面接表示地点 beenin 的名词，通常与一段时间连用 Eg.ShehasbeentoEuropetwice. 她去过欧洲两次。（已经回来了） —WhereisJim? 吉姆在哪里？ —HehasgonetoEngland. 他去英国了。（现在不在这里） 104 学科网（北京）股份有限公司IhavebeeninChinafortwoyears. 我已经在中国待了两年了。 【拓展延伸】若have/hasbeento或have/hasgoneto后接here、there、home等副词时，则省略介词to。 Eg.Hehasgonehome. 他回家去了。 三 、现在完成时的“未完成用法” 现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，还可能继续下去。这种用法称为“未完 成用法”。此时常与for或since引导的时间状语（从句）连用。 表示“未完成”的句式 示例 现在完成时+for+一段时间 Wehaveknowneachotherfortwentyyears. 我们认识有二十年了。 现在完成时+since+表示过去的时间点 Mr.Smithhasworkedheresince1984. 自从1984年史密斯先生就 在这里工作。 现在完成时+since+从句 IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn. 我从出生就住在这儿。 【拓展延伸】 1.在现在完成时中，for与since引导的时间状语可以进行相互转换，即“for+时间段=since+时间段+ago”。 Eg.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth.=Ihavekeptthebooksinceamonthago. 我已经借这本书一个月了。 2.在现在完成时中，当谓语动词是延续性动词时，可以用howlong提问。 Eg.Hehasbeenasoldierforthreeyears.他参军三年了。→Howlonghashebeenasoldier?他参军多长时间了？ 四、延续性动词与非延续性动词 1.延续性动词表示经验、经历；非延续性动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。有些非延 续性动词可以用延续性动词替换并用在现在完成时中。 2.在现在完成时的句子中，若含有for或since引导的时间 状语，则句中谓语动词一定要用延续性动词。非 延续性动词转换为延续性动词的方法有： （1）将非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词或副词”，这样才能和时间段连用： begin/start→beon（开始） marry→ （结婚） comaback→beback（回来） comehere→behere（来这里） open→beopen（开业） close→beclosed（关门） die→ （死） get/arrive/reach→bein/at（到达） finish→beover（结束） fallill→beill（生病） 105 学科网（北京）股份有限公司leave→ （离开） join/become→bein/beamemberof（参加；加入） （2）有的非延续性动词可以转化为意思相同的延续性动词 borrow/lend→ （借） puton→wear/beon（穿） become→ （成为） gettoknow→know（认识） buy→ （买） catchacold→haveacold（感冒） receive→have（收到） gotosleep→sleep（睡觉） Eg.【译】这家商店已经开业6小时了。 【误】Theshophasopenedfor6hours. 【正】Theshophasbeenopenfor6hours. 【注意】在完成时的否定句中，非延续性动词可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。 Eg.Ihaven’tcaughtacoldfortwohours. 我已经2个月没感冒了。 一、单项选择 1.—Haveyou________beentoourtownbefore? —No,it'sthefirsttimeI________here. A.ever;havecome B.never;come C.ever;came D.never;came 2.—MayIspeaktoMr.Green? —Sorry,he________HongKong.He________backinaweek. A.hasbeento;willcome B.hasgoneto;willcome C.hasbeento;hascome D.hasgoneto;hascome 3.—Anna,haveyou________seenChina’sGotTalent(中国达人秀)? —Ofcourse.I________itlastweekend. A.never;saw B.ever;haveseen C.never;haveseen D.ever;saw 4.—Howmanytimes________Carl________totheGreatWalls. —Onlyonce. A.does;go B.did;go C.has;gone D.has;been 5.—Haveyou________visitedtheTerracottaArmy,Nina? 106 学科网（北京）股份有限公司—No,I've________visitedit. A.ever;never B.never;ever C.ever;ever D.never;never 6.—CanyouspeakChinese,Steve? —Yesonlyalittle.I________Chinaforonlytwomonths. A.come B.havegoneto C.havebeenin D.came 7.－WhenwillyoursistergotoEngland? －She________Londonsincefourmonthsago. A.wentto B.hasgoneto C.hasbeento D.hasbeenin 8.Asanexchangestudent,Alan________Qiqiharforoneandahalfyears. A.hasbeento B.hasbeenin C.hasgoneto D.hasgone 9.—HaveyoueverbeentoGuilin? —Yes.I________therefourmonthsago. A.havebeen B.havegone C.hadbeen D.went 10.Bruce________howtouseacomputer.He________acomputerofhisown.He________ittwoyearsago. A.learns;willget;bought B.islearning;hasgot;bought C.learned;hasgot;bought D.islearning;got;hasbought 11.—DoyouknowwhereMissLiis? —Oh,she________Beijingandshe________toShanghaitomorrow. A.hasbeento;willgo B.hasgoneto;willgo C.hasbeento;came D.hasgoneto;came 12.—Wouldyouliketogotothewaterparkwithme? —Sorry,I________theremanytimes. A.havegone B.havegoneto C.havebeento D.havebeen 13.—HaveyoueverbeentoDisneyland? —No,________.IhopeIcangotherenextyear. A.always B.ever C.never D.often 14.—I________youinHarry'sRestaurantlastnight. —No,itwasn'tme.Ihavenever________there. A.saw;gone B.haveseen;gone C.saw;been D.haveseen;been 107 学科网（北京）股份有限公司15.Mr.Greenisn’tathome.He________Londononbusiness.Hewillbebackintwodays. A.hasbeento B.hasgoneto C.hasbeenin D.isgoingto 16.—________haveyoubeeninBeijing? —Fortwodays. A.Howmany B.Howoften C.Howsoon D.Howlong 17.—________haveyoubeeninterestedinpapercutting,Tom? —SinceIfirstcametoChina10yearsago. A.Howlong B.When C.Howsoon D.Howmuch 18.Cathy________hermothersinceshe________toAmerica.Hermotherisworriedaboutheralot. A.hascalled;went B.hascalled;hasgone C.hasn’tcalled;went D.hasn’tcalled;hasgone 19.—WhereisMr.Wang? —He________toBeijing.Hehas________fortwohours. A.hasgone;beenaway B.hasgone;left C.hasbeen;left D.hasbeen;beenaway 20.—Manypeoplehavebeenbacktotheirwork________March5th. —Citiesarebroughtbacktolife. A.for B.in C.since D.during 二、按要求完成句子，每空一词 1.TheyhaveeverbeentoanEnglish-speakingcountry.(改为一般疑问句) ________theyever________toanEnglish-speakingcountry? 2.HisfatherhasbeentoAmericatwice.(对划线部分提问) ________________________hashisfather________toAmerica? 3.Mr.Lihasbeenateacherfortenyears.(对画线部分提问) ________________________Mr.Li________ateacher? 4.She'sneverbeentothewaterparkbefore.(改为反意疑问句) She'sneverbeentothewaterparkbefore,________________? 5.TheyhavebeentoAustralia.(改为否定句) They________________toAustralia. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Bruce____________(learn)Chinesefortwoyears.Hecanspeakitwell. 108 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2.StephenHawking____________(die)forover3months,buthisspiritstillliveson. 3.Ihave____________(have)thisbreadmakersinceIwas15yearsold. 4.In many places, the government has also built new schools and ____________ (send) teachers from the cities to help. 5.Hehasworkedonthefarmsincehe____________(leave)thearmy. 四、语法填空 A Have you ever been to Singapore? For thousands of Chinese tourists, this is 1.___________ island that is wonderfulandsmall inSoutheast. Itis a safe placeto take aholiday.Onthe onehand,more thanthreequarters of the population 2.___________ (be) Chinese, so you can 3.___________ (simple) speak Putonghua. On the other hand,SingaporeisanEnglish-speakingcountry,soit’sagoodplace4.___________(practice)yourEnglish! Maybe you fear that you'll find nothing good to eat when you travel. However,in Singapore, you won't have any problem 5.___________ (get) a lot of food from China. It's also an excellent place to try new food. 6.___________youlikeIndianfood,WesternfoodorJapanesefood,you’llfinditallinSingapore! Have youever 7.___________(hear)oftheNightSafari?ThereisaNight SafariinSingapore.Itmightseem strangetogotoazoowhenitsdark.Thatsbecausealotofanimalsonlywakeupatnight,duringthedaytimethey probably are asleep.You can watch animals in a 8.___________ (natural) environment than in a normal zoo. One great thing aboutSingapore is that the temperature is almost the same all year round.This is because the island is so close 9.___________ the equator. So you can choose 10.___________ (go) whenever you like-spring, summer, autumnorwinter.Ofcourse,it’snotfarfromChina! B These days my children 1. (grow) up fast. My daughter is 16 years old and my boy is already in junior high school. It seems that our house is becoming smaller and 2. (small). We decided to have 3. yard sale so thatwe cangive the money to a4. (children)house.Eachof uswill send fiveoldthingsafter5. (clear)outthethingsfromourbedrooms.Ofcourse,mysonfeltalittlesadfirst 6. he still wantedto keepthe 7. (toy). He ever playedwith themso much. Asyou see, he 8. (have)histrainandrailwaysetsincehewasfouryearsold.Andheplayedwith9. almost everydayuntilaboutseven years old.He alsowantedtokeep histoymonkey. Everynight hesleptnextto thetoy monkeyasachild.Wecouldrememberthatforever.Mydaughterwassadtopart10. someofhertoys, too. 109 学科网（北京）股份有限公司第 讲 开学考综合复习 14 （英语） 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分 阅读理解。 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中, 选出最佳选项。 A Whatwillourhomesbelikeinthefuture?Herearesomepredictions: ◆Wanttotakeashowerwhenyougethome?You’llbeabletoletyoursmartwaterheater(热水器)tostart heatingupwhenyou’reonyourwayhome. ◆DidIturnofftheoven?DidIclosethewindow?Everyonemayhaveamomentlikethat.Butinthefuture, yourhomewillchecktheseforyou. ◆Inyourhomeofthefuture allofyourdevicescanworktogethertomakeyourlifemorecomfortable. , Whenyouturnonthelightsinthemorning,yourwindowswillopenatthesametime.Thelightswillslowlyturn offbythemselvesafterthesunappears. ◆Yourhomemayhavedangers.Thehackers(黑客)couldopenyourdoorandcauseamessatyourhome throughyourphoneorotherdevices.Yourhomewilltellyouaboutitbutyoucan’tarriveintime.Sopeoplewill havetobecarefuloftheirpersonalinformation. 1.Inthefuture,whatcanwedoonourwayhome? A.Takeashower. B.Letthewaterheaterwork. C.Keepworking. D.Havealookatoursmarthomedevices. 2.Whatwillourlifebelikeinthefutureinsmarthomes? A.Morecomfortable. B.Verybusy. C.Verysafe. D.Moreboring. 3.Whowillletyouknowifsomeonebreaksintoyourhomeinthefuture? A.Yourfriend. B.Yourhome. C.Thepolice. D.Yourneighbor. 110 学科网（北京）股份有限公司4.WhatcanweNOTlearnfromthepassage? A.Theremightbedangersaboutsmarthomesinthefuture. B.Thehackersmightonlycomeintoyourhomethroughthephone. C.Thelightswillturnoffbythemselveswhenthesuncomesout. D.Youdon’tneedtoworryifyouforgettoclosewindowsinthefuture. 5.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage? A.SomeBeautifulHouses B.SomeFamousPredictions C.ABetterWorld D.HomesoftheFuture B Afewgoodfriendsaretalkingabouttheirlastvacations. Helen IwenttoXi’anwithmycousin.WevisitedtheTerracottaArmyandhadagreattime.Weatedeliciousfood too. , Xi’anisabigandnicecity.Ilikeitalot. Jason MyparentstookmetoHongKongbyplane.WewenttoDisneyland.It’sjustlikeafairytalekingdom（童话王 国）.Andweboughtmanyspecialthings.Mostofthemweren’texpensiveatall. Diana Lastsummer,myfamilywenttoHainan.Theweatherwassunnyandhot.Wewentswimmingandboating.They wereexciting.Later,weatesomeseafood.Itwasverydelicious! 111 学科网（北京）股份有限公司Bruce MyuncleworksinXizang（西藏）.Lastsummer,Itookatraintovisithim.ThereIsawlotsoftallandclean mountains.Manypeopletherearegoodatsinginganddancing. 6.WhatdidJasondoonvacation? A.Atedeliciousfood. B.Wentshopping. C.Wentboating. D.Sawsomemountains. 7.Whohadagreattimeatthesea? A.Helen. B.Jason. C.Diana. D.Bruce. 8.Whichpeoplearegoodatdancingandsinging? A.PeopleinXi’an. B.PeopleinHongKong. C.PeopleinHainan. D.PeopleinXizang. 9.Howdidallthefriendsfeelabouttheirvacations? A.Sad. B.Bored. C.Terrible. D.Happy. 10.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE? A.HelenwenttoXi’anbyplane. B.Jasonlikedboatingonthesea. C DianavisitedDisneyland. D.BrucevisitedhisuncleinXizang. . C Robotsareplayinganimportantroleinourlife.Theyhelpusalot. In factories, robots can help peopledo lots of work.They work faster anddo notneed a rest. People will feel borediftheydothesamejobagainandagain,buttherobotswillnot.Andtheycanworkinsomedangerousplaces. Usuallypeoplecannot. In our homes, robots are useful, too. They can help us do some cooking. They can help blind people read newspapersandhelptheoldpeoplemove some heavythings.Theyareourbestfriends.Theyarecleananddonot needfeeding. However,robots are not as clever as people. They cannot think like us. If we do not “teach” them how to do thingsfirst,theycandonothing. 112 学科网（北京）股份有限公司11.Fromthepassageweknowthat________areplayinganimportantroleinourlife. A.newspapers B.robots C.computers D.telephones 12.Robotswillnotfeel________iftheydothesamejobagainandagain. A.bored B.happy C.relaxed D.dangerous 13.Inourhomes,robotscanhelppeople________. A.dosomecooking B.dodangerousjobs C.dohomework D.havearest 14.Robotsare________thanpeople.Theycan’tthinklikeus. A.lessclever B.cleverer C.moreimportant D.moreuseful 15.Ifwedon’t“teach”robotshowtodothings,theycando________. A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything D Wednesdayismyfavoriteday,becauseIhavemusicthatday.Musicismyfavorite.Iwanttobe amusician. I don’t like math, because it is difficult and the math teacher is too strict (严格的). Who’s my favorite teacher? Mr. Brown. He is very fun. He teaches history and we are relaxed and happy inhisclass. I love P.E. very much, because I think I’m a good basketball player. My favorite day is Friday. Wecanplaybasketball.ButwehaveonlyonePEclassaweek. 16.Allanhasmusicon________. A.Monday B.Tuesday C.Wednesday D.Thursday 113 学科网（北京）股份有限公司17.Ginathinksmathis________. A.difficult B.interesting C.relaxing D.exciting 18.Mr.BrownisGina’s________teacher. A.music B.art C.history D.Chinese 19.________lovesPEverymuch. A.Gina B.Jim C.Mr.Brown D.Allan 20.Accordingtothetable,whichisNOTtrue? A.Allan’sfavoritesubjectismusic. B.Ginalikeshermathteacher. C.Jimlikestoplaybasketball. D.Mr.Brownisahistoryteacher. 第二部分 语言知识运用 第一节：完形填空。 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和 D）中, 选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 TheNewYeariscoming.Ourclassisgoingtohavea___21___.Whenisagoodtimetohaveit?Idida survey(调查).Someclassmates___22___tohaveitonThursdaynight.Butsomeclassmatessaidtheyhadto studyforthetest.WangMeisaidwecouldhavethepartyonFriday.That’sa___23___idea.Sowedecidedto haveitonFridayafternoon.Thereareonlyfourdaysleft.We___24___prepareforitrightnow.Weplantoinvite someofourteachers.Ourmonitorisgoingtobringthem___25___thepartywithouttellingthemaboutit.We’re surethattheywillbe___26___.Ithinkofsomegamestoplayattheparty.Ifonewinsthegame,he/she___27___ somesmallgifts.WangMeiisgoingtoorganizesomeshows___28___singinganddancing.Shouldweaskour classmatestobringfood?I’mafraidthat___29___weaskthemtobringfood,they’lljustbringsomejunkfood. Sowewillbringsomefruitandvegetables,andwecanmakesaladbyourselves.___30___wewillhaveagood time.Wecan’twait. 21.A.concert B.festival C.trip D.party 22.A.refused B.forgot C.wanted D.happened 23.A.dangerous B.good C.sad D.serious 24.A.must B.might C.could D.would 25.A.for B.with C.to D.at 26.A.angry B.surprised C.bored D.worried 27.A.gets B.got C.isgetting D.willget 114 学科网（北京）股份有限公司28.A.like B.for C.in D.of 29.A.though B.before C.if D.unless 30.A.Luckily B.Only C.Hardly D.Certainly 阅读下面一篇短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答 案，使短文连贯完整。 Showingyourfeelingsisimportant.Itisamistakenottotalktoanyone____31____you’refeelingsad, worriedornervous(紧张的).Ifyoukeepbadfeelingsinside,itcanevenmakeyou____32____. Butifyou____33____withsomeonelikeyourmomordad,you’llusuallybegintofeel____34____than before.Nowyou’renotallalonewithyourproblemsorworries.____35____,itdoesn’tmeanyourproblemsand worrieswill____36____magically(神奇地).But,atleast,someoneelseunderstandswhat’s____37____with youandcanhelp____38____findwaystosolveyourproblems. Yourmomanddadwanttoknowifyouhave____39____.Theyloveyouandtheywanttoknowwhat’s happeninginyourlife.Butifyoudon’twanttotalkwiththem,whatshouldyoudo?Findatrustworthy(可信任的) teacheratschoolorarelative.Maybethatpersoncanhelpyoudealwithyourproblems.Thenyou’llfeelas ____40____asbefore. 31.A.what B.when C.how D.where 32.A.ill B.creative C.afraid D.sad 33.A.tell B.speak C.talk D.say 34.A.worse B.better C.well D.terrible 35.A.And B.Then C.However D.Or 36.A.disappear B.run C.happen D.appear 37.A.wrong B.bad C.problem D.question 38.A.them B.you C.us D.me 39.A.problems B.question C.things D.something 40.A.happily B.bad C.happy D.surprised 第Ⅱ卷 第二节：语法填空。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式 (不超过3个单词)。 Therealityshowis akindoftelevisionprogram.____41____(usual) arealityshowhasmanyseries.Andit , 115 学科网（北京）股份有限公司canbeshownonTVformanyyears. Therealityshowisquitedifferent____42____otherkindsofTVshows.Becauseitshowsthelifeofcommon people, and there are no actors or actresses playing in it. It often shows true stories that ____43____ (happen) in people’sdailylife.Somanypeopleenjoywatchingrealityshows. The first reality show ____44____ (appear) in the 1990s inAmerica.At that time, the ____45____ (famous) realityshowwasSurvivor.Itwaspopulararoundtheworld. Reality showsalsoshowdifferentkinds of____46____(competition).For example, thereisa Chinesereality show called The Voice of China. In this show, there are four Chinese ____47____(sing). Their job is to find their favorite students and help them be the ____48____(win).The show is very ____49____(success). Lots of people liketowatchit. ____50____,somepeopledon’tliketowatchrealityshows.Theythinkthestoriesintheshowsaremadeup. 第三部分 写作 第一节：信息摘录。 阅读短文，根据要求完成下面各小题 。 Yesterdayafternoon,myfriendsplayedfootballbytheroadsideinfrontofmyhouse.Icouldn’tjointhem becauseIwasill,butIenjoyedwatchingthegamefromthewindow. Whenthegamewasatitsbest,Paulkicked(踢)theballhardanditwentacrosstheroad.Thenhecrossedthe roadcarelesslytotakeit.Unluckily,ashecrossedtheroad,afastcarcame.Thedrivertriednottohit(撞击)him, butitwastoolate. Paulwashitbythecar,andhewasscared.Someofhisfriendsshoutedforhelp.Soonmanypeoplewent aroundPaul.ThedrivergotoutofthecartoseeifPaulwasOK.Someonecalledforanambulance(救护车).One ofPaul’sfriendswenttotellhismotherandshecamequickly.Whenshesawherhelplessson,shestartedcrying. SoontheambulancecameandtookPaultohospital.Luckilyhewasn’tseriouslyhurt(受伤).All’swellthat endswell.Paulandhisfriendslearnedthattheyshouldn’tplayfootballbytheroadside.Andthedriverlearnedhe shoulddrivemoreslowly. 51.Whydidn’tthewriterplayfootballwithhisfriends? _______________________________________________________________________________ 52.WhatdidPaulwanttodotocrosstheroad? _______________________________________________________________________________ 116 学科网（北京）股份有限公司53.WhotoldPaul’smotherhewashitbyacar? _______________________________________________________________________________ 54.WasPaulhitseriouslybythecar? _______________________________________________________________________________ 55.WhatdidPaulandhisfriendslearn? _______________________________________________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达 56. 作文 请根据下面的表格, 谈谈你家家庭成员喜欢与不喜欢的电视节目，并说明理由。要求：1. 词数：80左右；2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数。 family like reason dislike reason I sportsshows,gameshows interesting soapoperas boring mother sitcoms,soapoperas relaxing,funny thenews boring father thenews useful soapoperas boring Therearethreepeopleinmyfamily. 117 学科网（北京）股份有限公司