文档内容
选择性必修第三册 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
There’s another universe not far from land.It lacks buildings，trees，cars，cellphones and
the Internet.Seemingly limitless water extends uninterruptedly in all directions.Civilization goes
away，along with any sign of humanity.And it is why I’m really into sailing.I grew up around
boats.My father liked sailing and built them.My older sister and I were stuffed into a car nearly
every summer weekend until my late teens to make the trip from northeast Indiana to the south
shore of Lake Erie in Ohio，where Talisman built by my father waited patiently through the week.
As a kid，I read the adventures of Robin Lee Graham，a traveller exploring the sea alone，in
the pages of National Geographic and，later，in Graham’s book，Dove.However，it wasn’t
until about 20 years ago，well into my adulthood，that I took up sailing in a serious way.I’ve
made voyages in fair and stormy weather，on my own boats and those of my friends，and ranging
from nearshore day sails to blue-water passages.
Still，I’ve made plenty of mistakes.While living in Asia，a sailing friend and I set off
across the South China Sea and intended to get to Thailand，only to be pushed by a late-season
typhoon that forced us to make landfall in Vietnam，glad to be alive.
Years later，my wife and I lived aboard our 37-foot ship，Symbiosis，while we saved
enough to take a two-year leave from our jobs to journey down the U．S.Atlantic coast and
through the Bahamas and the Caribbean.We visited many places that never see ships or airplanes
and that are nearly impossible to reach anyway other than at the helm(舵柄) of a small boat.But
boats are expensive and time-consuming.After returning from the Caribbean a few years ago，we
decided to sell Symbiosis，resolving instead to sail only “other people’s boats”．It didn’t
last，though.A few months ago，we found a good deal on a smaller sailboat—easier to maintain
but still capable of some short offshore journeys.I think we’ll name her Talisman.
1．What would the author do on summer weekends as a kid?
A．He would help his father build Talisman.
B．He would sail with his father and his sister.
C．He would explore northeast Indiana in a car.
D．He would bring human civilization to sailing.
2．What can we learn about the book Dove?
A．It has something to do with exploring the sea.
B．It was published in National Geographic.
C．It is the most famous work by Graham.D．It was an inspiration for the author’s writing.
3．Why did the author sell his ship Symbiosis?
A．It didn’t function well.
B．He couldn’t afford to maintain it.
C．He found a better one to replace it.
D．It was damaged seriously during a storm.
4．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?
A．To show his passion for sailing boats.
B．To stress the influence of adventures on him.
C．To discuss the problems of sailing on the sea.
D．To share his success in exploring the world.
B
The World Economic Forum predicts the global population will hit 9.8 billion by 2050，
which means we might need to grow as much as double the amount of food we do today and do it
without significantly consuming limited resources such as land and water.
But there are reasons to be positive.Historically ， human intelligence has risen to the
population challenge.8,000 years ago in the first agricultural revolution ， the plough( 犁 )
transformed productivity.In the 1800s，inventions such as the seed drill brought a degree of
mechanization to farming.Then，in the mid-20th century，there were major breakthroughs in
artificial fertilizer and plant science.
Now ， we are entering a fourth age of agriculture.Innovation is exploding.The digital
transformation of agriculture is not theory.It’s real.And it’s having a huge impact across all
aspects of farming.
In April 2020，Chinese drone(无人机) maker XAG organized a rice seeding demonstration in
Guangdong Province.First，it invited two workers to spread 5kg of rice seeds the traditional way
by wading across 1,200 square metres of waterlogged field.The laborious process took 25
minutes.Then it unleashed(释放) its XAG XPlanet drone on the same task.The unmanned aerial
system followed a pre-programmed route and threw rice seeds from the air.It completed the job in
120 seconds.XAG claims its system can use up to 90 percent less water and 30 percent fewer
chemicals than traditional technique.
Barcelona-based startup Faromatics has also attracted a lot of attention for its EU-funded
invention：a robot called the ChickenBoy.It lets chicken farmers autonomously monitor their
stock.The robot glides along the ceiling and uses a set of sensors to measure temperature，air
quality ， light and sound in poultry housing.Farmers can use a cloud platform to set the
ChickenBoy to send mobile alerts.
The task of feeding 9.8 billion mouths by 2050 is one of the greatest facing humanity，but
thanks to technology，there is good reason to be confident for the future.5．What is the purpose of paragraph 2?
A．To express the author’s confidence in the human wisdom.
B．To tell us some challenges in the agricultural development.
C．To show us the present situation of the world food shortage.
D．To call on the government to take some effective measures.
6．What is the advantage of XAG XPlanet drone?
A．It saves more money than the manual seeding.
B．It’s more efficient and environmentally friendly.
C．It can rapidly reduce wastage and improve yields.
D．It helps farmers make better decisions about seeding.
7．What can be inferred about the ChickenBoy?
A．Its system needs to be improved. B．It aims to attract farmers’ attention.
C．It was invented by a chicken farmer. D．It helps farmers look after the chicken.
8．What does “human intelligence” refer to in the passage?
A．Smart farming. B．Agricultural revolution.
C．Plant science. D．Artificial intelligence.
Ⅱ.完形填空
Natalie and Callie，both 13 years old，started raising monarch butterflies for fun in 2020.
But after realizing the monarchs were an endangered species，their 1 soon turned into a
serious mission.
They learned that the population of monarch butterflies had 2 since the early 1990s，
due to habitat 3 and widespread use of chemicals，which made the milkweeds(马利筋草)
the monarchs 4 for their main diet dangerous to eat.
So the girls teamed up with a national nonprofit group to plant a native garden 5 for the
monarchs.The garden grew organic milkweeds that 6 and kept the butterflies.To help 7
the locals to sustain the monarch population，they created an exhibition about the monarchs in the
local library.They also wanted to put up an educational sign in town，but it 8 a lot.To cover
the expense，they set up a stand at the farmers’ market to sell their 9 milkweeds for people
to plant.Although the fundraising days were 10 ，they finally succeeded in earning enough
money with their hard work and people’s support.
The team has won the Silver Award for their 11 of taking care of butterflies，but they
are not 12 with their work.“Our next step is to cut down on the use of 13 to guarantee
a safe environment for the monarchs，” said Natalie.In the award ceremony，their teacher Brian
14 ，“I am so proud of them for their constant 15 .”
1．A.dream B．hobby C．career D．decision
2．A.doubled B．aged C．declined D．exploded3．A.management B．assessment C．selection D．destruction
4．A.relied on B．kept off C．broke down D．gave away
5．A.partly B．secretly C．rarely D．specially
6．A.attracted B．protected C．monitored D．trapped
7．A.employ B．educate C．force D．limit
8．A.meant B．cost C．changed D．hurt
9．A.dry B．medical C．healthy D．wild
10．A.pleasing B．light C．long D．disappointing
11．A.project B．concept C．schedule D．assignment
12．A.concerned B．connected C．finished D．occupied
13．A.chemicals B．time C．funds D．energy
14．A.quoted B．continued C．replied D．commented
15．A.donations B．support C．patience D．efforts
Ⅲ.语法填空
Hangzhou will build a world-class ecological and cultural tourism corridor in connection with
Anhui Province’s Huangshan City.Five towns in Hangzhou’s Chun’an County and five towns
in Huangshan’s Shexian County 1. (include) according to the prepared plan.In
ancient times，they were part of Huizhou region where the Xin’an River runs through.Dating
back to the Tang Dynasty(AD 618－907)，a trail 2. (link) Hangzhou’s Tianmu
Mountain and Huangshan’s Yellow Mountain was formed to exchange goods 3.
the two regions.
Over the years，Hangzhou and Huangshan 4. (preserve) their unique
architecture and local ways of life in old villages，making this area popular with tourists.The
villages have resisted the winds of change 5. swept across many other parts of
China.In addition to architecture ， the natural environment is also being protected ， with
sewage(污水) 6. (treat) and new infrastructure being built.
These improvements are attracting more tourists and creating 7. engine for the
local economy.Moreover，for those who love hiking，jogging or cycling，the Thousand Islands
Lake in Chun’an County is an ideal destination 8. it boasts 1,078 islands，
winding roads and charming villages.
In 9. (add)，Hangzhou will also increase forest coverage along the river in
partnership with Huangshan ， which perfectly matches President Xi Jinping’s concept of
“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” to highlight a 10.
(harmony) relationship between ecological protection and economic development.
