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选择性必修第三册 UNIT 9 HUMAN BIOLOGY(二)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
Dolphins are universally regarded as some of the cleverest creatures in the world.Dolphins in
captivity can be trained to perform tricks like jumping through hoops and somersaulting in the air.
But their intelligence doesn’t stop there.In a recent study of cetaceans(鲸目动物)—a group
of animals that includes dolphins and whales—researchers created a list of intelligent behaviors
observed in 90 different cetacean species，reported The Guardian.For example，the smartest
cetaceans hunt in groups，share knowledge through mimicry(模仿) and even care for each
other’s children.Some even consider their behavior to be human-like.
“There is the saying that ‘it takes a village to raise a child’ seems to be true for both
whales and humans，” Michael Muthukrishna of the London School of Economics，co-author
of the study，told The Guardian.
However，cetaceans don’t just use their brain power for survival.The study suggests that
dolphins might even gossip.That’s because some species greet each other with specific
whistles，just as humans greet each other by name，The Guardian reported.Sometimes，a group
of dolphins whistles the “name” of a dolphin that isn’t there.Could they be speaking about
their “friend” behind its back?
For the researchers，dolphin small talk is a big deal.As they found that the most social
cetaceans also have the largest brains，they argue that cetacean intelligence developed to meet the
demands of complex social groups.
Known as the “cultural brain hypothesis(假设)”，it had only been used to explain the
intelligence of humans and other primates(灵长目动物)．The new study aimed to find a common
pathway for the evolution of intelligence among biologically different species.
“It is interesting to think that whale and human brains are different in their structure but have
brought us to the same patterns in behavior，” Luke Rendell，a biologist at the University of St
Andrews，told The Guardian.
Indeed，we still have a lot to learn about our intelligent ocean-dwelling neighbors.“We
don’t have to look at other planets to look for aliens ， ” Muthukrishna told The
Guardian，“because we know that underwater there are these amazing species with so many
parallels to us in their complex behaviors.”
1．What does the underlined word “gossip” probably mean in paragraph 4?
A．Singing. B．Shouting. C．Chatting. D．Arguing.
2．What was the aim of the recent study?A．Learn more about intelligent creatures of the sea.
B．Explain the intelligence of humans and cetaceans.
C．Create a list of intelligent behaviors of different cetacean species.
D．See whether the intelligence of different species evolved in the same way.
3．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Some cetaceans have the same intelligence as human beings.
B．It is unnecessary to look for aliens and do research into them.
C．Both dolphins and whales greet each other with specific whistles.
D．Both dolphins and whales have a lot in common with humans in behaviors.
4．What is the best title for this passage?
A．Aliens Living Underwater B．Intelligent Creatures of the Sea
C．A Study of Intelligent Dolphins D．Reasons for the Intelligence of Sea Creatures
B
From the time I was a young girl，all I wanted was to play outside.I used the ferns(蕨类植物)
in my childhood backyard to raise myself up muddy Pacific Northwest slopes(斜坡)，sat by the
edge of the property’s wooded stream and imagined it was a winding river.
Hours were spent on horseback，prepared with bags and snacks to ride the same path over
and over，always dreaming up a new experience.As an adult，my interests are consistent，though
the landscape has shifted.For the last four years，I have had the opportunity to explore our
Earth’s most remote cold water locations as an underwater videographer and ocean-focused
naturalist ， developing an appreciation and understanding for challenging corners of the
globe.Though my travels have taken me from Antarctica to the Arctic，it’s the temperate in-
between that captivates me.During the last four years，Southeast Alaska，particularly the Inian
Islands in its incredible wildness and productivity，has stolen my attention.My name is Alyssa
Adler ， and I am the Inian Islands Institute’s 2019 Scientist in Residence and National
Geographic grant recipient for project Tall Trees in Cold Seas.
The natural beauty of the Inians is pure，but the environment works for it.Massive rushing
tides(潮水) flood the Hobbit Hole twice daily，like an angry river.Sometimes I learn some
meaningful and useful lessons the hard way.Transportation of extensive dive equipment required
the help of people in Ketchikan，Gustavus and other places.These lessons only allow my respect
for this region to the full，teaching me how to be successful.I need to learn and understand the
power and network of Southeast Alaska，both in the water and out.It’s all worth it to roll into the
salty Pacific Ocean，turn on my cameras as I sink to the seafloor，and shine my lights on early
spring in the Inian Islands.
5．What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A．To share an amazing story. B．To introduce a unique plant.
C．To suggest a special river. D．To explain the author’s wish.6．What does the underlined word “captivates” mean in paragraph 2?
A．Surprises. B．Discourages. C．Worries. D．Attracts.
7．What do you think of Alyssa Adler’s job?
A．Boring. B．Demanding. C．Challenging. D．Well-paid.
8．What message does the text convey?
A．Love breaks down barriers. B．Hard work finally pays off.
C．Ups and downs make one strong. D．Enthusiasm fuels devotion.
Ⅱ.完形填空
In some parts of Central China’s Henan Province，daughters will 1 wild goose-shaped
cakes for their parents before the leap month(闰月) comes，wishing for auspiciousness.There is a
2 surrounding the tradition.
Long ago，there was a girl living at the southern foot of the Songshan Mountain in Henan，
who was very 3 .In a year which had a leap month，the married girl 4 of her parents，
who never had enough food to eat and might suffer from hunger due to the 5 month.So，she
collected some leftover millet(小米) and headed toward her parents’ home.On the mountainous
road，she 6 fell down and when she woke up，the millet was already 7 up by
birds.Seeing this and thinking of her parents，she cried loudly and slowly fell asleep again.
Then she heard some weak voice and woke up again，seeing a couple of wild geese were
staying in her bag and not willing to leave，so she took them with her.When she arrived at her
parents’ home，the village was 8 famine and plague，and her parents were on the verge
of 9 .She hurriedly boiled the wild geese and fed them to her parents，and her parents
recovered soon.She then gave the leftover food to the neighbors and the 10 miraculously
disappeared the next day.
After that，before each leap month，daughters began to visit their 11 and bring gifts.As
wild goose is a(n) 12 bird，people use dough to make wild goose-shaped cakes in 13 of
the actual bird for their parents，wishing them healthy and hoping to banish any plagues.
In some parts of East China’s Shandong Province，the married daughters will send dough-
made fish and toad to their parents，which 14 “wealth” and “health” respectively. 15
，it is said that the dough fish is for a mother and the dough toad is for a father.
1．A.bury B．send C．prepare D．decorate
2．A.book B．song C．title D．legend
3．A.beautiful B．filial C．brave D．smart
4．A.thought B．warned C．heard D．reminded
5．A.repetitive B．relevant C．representative D．respective
6．A.eventually B．accidentally C．hurriedly D．mysteriously
7．A.taken B．made C．eaten D．set
8．A.suffering from B．learning from C．taking from D．recovering from9．A.delight B．death C．penalty D．performance
10．A.neighbors B．plague C．food D．village
11．A.friends B．relatives C．parents D．classmates
12．A.delicate B．abnormal C．outstanding D．rare
13．A.pursuit B．point C．place D．praise
14．A.symbolize B．suspect C．simplify D．state
15．A.However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Besides
Ⅲ.语法填空
Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China were added
to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on November
29th.This unique culture,1. (compose) of knowledge，skills and practices concerning
management of tea plantations，picking of tea leaves，and the processing，drinking and sharing
of tea，is the 43th entry from China on the list，whose total tops all other countries.The tea that
2.__________(appeal) to the world for thousands of years finally received top-level global
3.__________(recognize) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
According to UNESCO，in China traditional tea processing techniques are 4. (close)
associated with geographical location and natural environment，resulting 5. six
categories in China—green，black，yellow，oolong，white and dark.
6． an official document explained，tea is a fundamental cultural element to
Chinese people’s daily life.Practices of greeting guests with tea and building good relationships
through tea-related activities 7. (share) among multiple ethnic groups，and provide
8.________ sense of identity and continuity for communities ， groups and 9.
(individual) concerned.
In China，it is reported that over 40 vocational colleges and 80 universities have set up
majors in tea science or tea culture，with over 3,000 graduates 10. (specialize) in tea
production and art every year.
