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Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature（复习讲义)
1. wonder 奇观；想知道
2. nature 自然；大自然
3. surface 表面；表层
4. depth 深（度）；纵深
5. dive 潜水；跳水
6. unusual 特别的；不寻常的
7. bottom 底部；最下部
单词 8. waterfall 瀑布
9. civilization 文明
10. development 发展；壮大
11. desert 沙漠；荒原
12. climber 攀登者；登山者
13. survive 生存；存活
14. degree 度；度数；程度
15. risk 使…冒风险；风险
1. natural wonders 自然奇观
2. below sea level 低于海平面
短语 3. at the bottom of 在…的底部
4. dive to 潜入…
5. a depth of 深度为…6. a distance of 距离为…
7. at all costs 不惜任何代价
8. square kilometer 平方千米
9. connect with 与…连接
10. take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
11. survive in 在…中存活
12. in good condition 状态良好
13. the second longest river 第二长河
14. one of the greatest wonders 最伟大的奇迹之一
1. What are the two greatest natural wonders in the world?
世界上最伟大的两大自然奇观是什么？
2. It is below sea level.
它位于海平面以下。
3. Let’s call Wonders of the World and join in the discussion.
我们给《世界奇观》栏目打电话，加入讨论吧。
4. I think natural wonders are more interesting than man-made ones.
我认为自然奇观比人造奇观更有趣。
句型 5. Which one do you think is more fantastic?
你认为哪一个更奇妙？
6. Some people believe it is the most fantastic natural wonder.
有些人认为它是最奇妙的自然奇观。
7. It runs for several hundred kilometers on the surface of the earth.
它在地球表面绵延数百公里。
8. We can hear the loud noise of the waterfall a few kilometers away.
我们在几公里外就能听到瀑布的轰鸣声。
9. Humans can survive in this desert for only three days without water.没有水的情况下，人类在这片沙漠里只能存活三天。
10. Many climbers risk their lives to climb it every year.
每年都有许多登山者冒着生命危险去攀登它。
11. It’s not just the natural wonders that attract people.
吸引人们的不只是自然奇观。
12. We should take measures to protect these natural wonders.
我们应该采取措施保护这些自然奇观。
13. The desert is so hot that few plants can grow there.
这片沙漠酷热难耐，几乎没有植物能在那里生长。
语法 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（单元重点）， 原因/让步状语从句（衔接巩固）
写作 介绍一处自然奇观
知识点1： What is the highest mountain in the world?（教材P32）
语法：the+形容词最高级+范围(in/of)，highest为high的最高级
句式：特殊疑问句询问最高级，用于描述自然奇观的属性
拓展：one of the+最高级+复数名词（例：one of the highest mountains）
知识点2：It’s about 9,000,000 square kilometers in size.（教材P32）
- 短语：in size 表面积大小；square kilometers 平方千米
- 表达：大数字读法（9,000,000→nine million）；度量单位搭配（数字+单位+形容词）
知识点3：People like to visit the Dead Sea because it is unusual.（教材P33）
语法：because引导原因状语从句，表直接原因，可回答why
易错：because与so不能连用知识点 4：The Yangtze River is the longest river in China. It travels the farthest and is about 6,300
kilometers long.（教材P34）
语法：形容词/副词最高级（longest, farthest）
表达：河流长度的描述方式（数字+kilometers long）
知识点5：Since it is very hot in the desert, few plants can grow there.（教材P35）
语法：since引导原因状语从句，表已知、显而易见的原因，语气较弱
词汇：few 表否定，几乎没有
知识点6：Although climbing mountains is dangerous, many climbers still want to try it.（教材P36）
语法：although引导让步状语从句，though用法基本一致，though更口语化
易错：although/though与but不能连用
句式：动名词短语（climbing mountains）作从句主语
知识点7：Visiting one of the world’s largest waterfalls was a magical experience.（教材P37）
语法：动名词短语作主语（Visiting...），谓语动词用单数
词汇：magical 神奇的；experience 经历（可数）
知识点8： 1. We should protect them by all means.（教材P38）
短语：by all means 无论如何，务必
词汇：protect 保护；should 情态动词，表建议
知识点9： By the way, do you know why it’s called that?（教材P38）
短语：by the way 顺便问一下，用于转换话题
语法：宾语从句（why it’s called that），用陈述句语序
单元语法
一、形容词和副词的比较级、最高级（单元重点）1. 基本用法
- 比较级：两者对比，A + be/实义动词 + 比较级 + than + B，例：The Pacific Ocean is deeper than the
Atlantic Ocean。
- 最高级：三者及以上对比，A + be/实义动词 + the + 最高级 + in/of 短语，例：Mount Qomolangma is the
highest mountain in the world。
- 同级比较：A + be + as + 原级 + as + B（和…一样）；A + be + not as/so + 原级 + as + B（不如…）。
2. 构成规则（教材重点）
- 单音节/少数双音节词：直接 + er/est；以e结尾 + r/st；重读闭音节双写尾字母 + er/est；辅音+y结尾变
y 为 i + er/est 。 例 ： deep→deeper→deepest ； large→larger→largest ； big→bigger→biggest ；
heavy→heavier→heaviest。
- 多音节/部分双音节词：more + 原级；most + 原级。例：dangerous→more dangerous→most dangerous；
famous→more famous→most famous。
- 不 规 则 变 化 （ 教 材 必
记）：good/well→better→best；many/much→more→most；bad/badly→worse→worst；little→less→least；
far→farther/further→farthest/furthest。
3. 教材原句示例
- 比较级：The Dead Sea is saltier than any other sea in the world.
- 最高级：The Amazon River is one of the longest rivers in the world.
二、原因状语从句&让步状语从句（衔接巩固）
1. 原因状语从句（because/since/as）
- because（直接原因，可答why），例：People like to visit the Dead Sea because it is unusual。
- since/as（已知原因，语气较弱），例：Since it is very hot in the desert, few plants can grow there；As the
water is very salty, nothing can live in the Dead Sea。
- 注意：because与so不可连用。2. 让步状语从句（although/though/even though）
- although/though（虽然，用法基本一致），例：Although climbing mountains is dangerous, many climbers
still want to try it。
- even though（即使，语气更强，含假设），例：Even though the temperature is very low, some animals can
survive in the Arctic。
- 注意：although/though与but不可连用。
三、教材强调的易错点
（1）最高级前必须加the；副词最高级the可省略。
（2）比较级than后避免重复，可用that/those指代前文提到的名词，例：The weather in the north is colder
than that in the south。
（3）比较级+and+比较级表“越来越…”，例：The river is getting wider and wider。
（4）the+比较级…, the+比较级…表“越…，越…”，例：The deeper you dive, the more wonderful the sea
world is。
单元写作
作文主题本单元作文核心话题为介绍一处自然奇观，体裁以说明文为主，也可结合个人感受写成夹叙
夹议的短文，以下是清晰实用的写作思路：
一、 确定写作对象
选择熟悉或有资料支撑的自然奇观，比如教材提到的死海、瀑布、沙漠，或国内的黄山、桂林山水、
长白山天池等，确保有具体特征可写。
二、 搭建文章结构（三段式）
1. 开头段：引出话题，点明对象
（1）开门见山式：直接点明要介绍的自然奇观，例：One of the most amazing natural wonders I know is
the Dead Sea.
（2）设问引入式：用问题吸引读者，例：Have you ever heard of a sea where you can float on the waterwithout swimming? It’s the Dead Sea.
（3）背景铺垫式：简单交代奇观的地理位置，例：Located between Jordan and Israel, the Dead Sea is
famous all over the world for its special features.
2. 主体段：描述特征，突出亮点
这是文章核心部分，结合教材知识点，从3个角度展开：
（1）地理与外观特征：描述位置、面积、深度、颜色等，例：The Dead Sea is about 80 kilometers long
and 18 kilometers wide. It is the lowest point on Earth, about 430 meters below sea level.
（2）独特之处（核心亮点）：结合自然原理，解释其神奇之处，例：The water of the Dead Sea has a
very high salt content—about 30%. That’s why people can easily float on it. No fish or plants can live in it, which
is how it got its name.
（3）人文价值或现状：补充人们对它的利用，或当前的保护情况，例：Every year, thousands of
tourists come here to enjoy floating and mud baths. However, the Dead Sea is getting smaller because of human
activities. We need to take measures to protect it.
3. 结尾段：总结感受，升华主题
（1）个人感受式：表达对自然奇观的赞叹，例：Visiting the Dead Sea makes me realize how wonderful
and powerful nature is.
（2）呼吁保护式：倡导爱护自然，例：Natural wonders are gifts from nature. We should protect them so
that people in the future can also enjoy their beauty.
（3）总结概括式：简洁总结奇观的地位，例：The Dead Sea is not just a sea. It’s a great natural wonder
that shows the magic of our planet.
三、 加分技巧
1. 运用本单元语法：穿插原因状语从句和让步状语从句，例：Although the Dead Sea is called a “sea”, it
is actually a big lake because it has no connection to the ocean.
2. 使用本单元词汇：活用wonder, natural, depth, unusual, survive等单词，以及at the bottom of, below sea
level等短语。3. 增加细节描写：加入具体数字、感官体验（如the water tastes very salty），让文章更生动。
巩固练习
一、单项选择
1．—Do you know where the Dead Sea is?
—Yes, it’s a famous salt lake ________ the Jordan Valley.
A．located in B．connected with C．famous for D．close to
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道死海在哪里吗？——知道，它是约旦河谷中一个著名的盐湖。
考查短语辨析。located in位于；connected with与……相连；famous for因……而闻名；close to靠近。根据
常识，死海位于约旦河谷，且“located in”表示“位于……”，符合地理位置的描述。故选A。
2．Many scientists ________ to study the deep sea and find many unusual sea animals.
A．do research B．make notes C．give a report D．design a poster
【答案】A
【详解】句意：许多科学家做研究来探索深海并发现许多不寻常的海洋动物。
考查动词短语辨析。do research做研究；make notes做笔记；give a report做报告；design a poster设计海报。
根据“to study the deep sea”可知，科学家们是通过“做研究”来探索深海。故选A。
3．The Chinese climbing team ________ the summit of Qomolangma again in 2024 and raised our national flag at
the top.
A．reached B．climbed C．measured D．located
【答案】A
【详解】句意：中国登山队在2024年再次抵达珠穆朗玛峰峰顶，并在山顶升起了国旗。
考查动词辨析。reached到达；climbed攀登；measured测量；located定位。根据句意可知，登山队“抵
达”峰顶并升旗，reach可直接接地点表示“到达”，而climb强调攀登过程，与后文“在峰顶升旗”的直
接结果衔接不如reach准确。故选A。4．She has been ________ the unique rock patterns in the desert for hours, trying to capture their beauty in her
sketchbook.
A．looking up B．looking after C．looking for D．looking at
【答案】D
【详解】句意：她一直看着沙漠里独特的岩石图案好几个小时，试图在她的素描本上捕捉它们的美。
考查动词短语辨析。looking up查阅；looking after照顾；looking for寻找；looking at看。根据“trying to
capture their beauty in her sketchbook”可知，她是为了画素描而长时间观察岩石图案，因此用“looking at”表
示“注视、观看”。故选D。
5．I’m curious ________ the Northern Lights usually appear in the polar regions.
A．why B．that C．which D．who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我很好奇为什么北极光通常出现在极地地区。
考查宾语从句。why为什么；that无实义，仅起引导作用；which哪一个；who谁。主句“I’m curious”后接
宾语从句，从句“the Northern Lights usually appear in the polar regions”意思完整，但缺少表示“原因”的逻
辑关系，根据句意应选择表示原因的引导词“why”。故选A。
6．The guide asked if we ________ any experience in hiking through mountainous areas before.
A．have B．had C．will have D．has had
【答案】B
【详解】句意：导游问我们之前是否有过在山地徒步的经验。
考查宾语从句的时态。主句谓语动词“asked”是过去时，根据宾语从句时态需与主句时态保持一致的原则，
从句中表示“之前是否有过”应用过去时。故选B。
7．________ the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, China has many other beautiful rivers and lakes.
A．As well as B．By the way C．In the future D．That way
【答案】A【详解】句意：除了黄河和长江，中国还有许多其他美丽的河流和湖泊。
考查短语辨析。As well as除了……还有；By the way顺便说一下；In the future今后；That way那样。根据
句意，此处表示“除了黄河和长江之外，中国还有……”，表示包含性的补充，应用as well as。故选A。
8．The Amazon Rainforest has ________ in the world, so it’s very important to the Earth.
A．the largest variety of plants and animals B．the deepest point
C．the biggest desert D．the longest river
【答案】A
【详解】句意：亚马逊雨林拥有世界上最多的动植物种类，因此它对地球非常重要。
考查常识。the largest variety of plants and animals种类最多的动植物；the deepest point最深的地方；the
biggest desert最大的沙漠；the longest river最长的河流。根据“The Amazon Rainforest”和“it’s very
important to the Earth”可知，亚马逊雨林以生物多样性著称，拥有最多的动植物种类。故选A。
9．The Mariana Trench is the ________ in the world, even whales can’t reach its bottom easily.
A．deepest point B．highest cliff C．largest desert D．longest trench
【答案】A
【详解】句意：马里亚纳海沟是世界上最深的地方，甚至鲸鱼也难以到达其底部。
考查名词短语辨析。deepest point最深的地方；highest cliff最高的悬崖；largest desert最大的沙漠；longest
trench最长的海沟。根据“The Mariana Trench is the...in the world”以及常识可知，马里亚纳海沟以深度闻名，
且后半句提到“鲸鱼也难以到达其底部”，进一步强调其深度。故选A。
10．The Sahara Desert is ________ in the world, and covers a huge area of land.
A．the biggest desert B．the deepest point C．the highest place D．the longest
river
【答案】A
【详解】句意：撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠，它覆盖了广阔的陆地。
考查名词辨析。the biggest desert最大的沙漠；the deepest point最深处；the highest place最高的地方；thelongest river最长的河流。根据“The Sahara Desert”和“covers a huge area of land”可知，撒哈拉沙漠是沙漠，
且强调其面积巨大，因此应选择“最大的沙漠”。故选A。
二、单词拼写
11．I guess the temperature is b (低于) zero because it’s freezing here.
【答案】below/elow
【详解】句意：我猜气温低于零度，因为这里冻得厉害。根据首字母“b”以及中文提示“低于”可知，这
里需要一个表示“低于”的介词，below“低于”符合首字母及语义要求，常与温度搭配。故填below。
12．Last month, we r (调查) old stories about Hongcun for the school newspaper.
【答案】researched/esearched
【详解】句意：上个月，我们为校报调查了关于宏村的老故事。research“调查”，根据“Last month”可知，
时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填researched。
13．Don’t eat too much in the d (沙漠), or you’ll feel quite thirsty.
【答案】desert/esert
【详解】句意：在沙漠里不要吃太多，否则你会觉得很渴。根据汉语提示和首字母提示可知，desert“沙
漠”，名词，in the desert“在沙漠里”，符合语境。故填desert。
14．The government should take action to control air pollution l (程度) in cities.
【答案】levels/evels
【详解】句意：政府应该采取行动控制城市的空气污染程度。根据首字母“l”以及中文提示“程度”可知，
这里需要一个表示“程度”的名词，level“程度”符合首字母及语义要求，此处指空气污染的各类程度，用
复数形式levels。故填levels。
15．Shenzhou-19 landed on the s (表面) of the earth safely on 30th April, 2025.
【答案】surface/urface
【详解】句意：2025年4月30日，神舟十九号安全降落在地球表面。根据“the...of”可知，此处使用名词，surface“表面”，the surface of the earth“地球表面”。故填surface。
16．Huangshan Mountain attracts t (游客) from all over the world with its sunrise and sea of clouds.
【答案】travellers/travelers/tourists/ravellers/ravelers/ourists
【详解】句意：黄山以其日出和云海吸引了来自世界各地的游客。此处需要填“游客”对应的英文单词，
且结合语境要用复数形式表示泛指，“游客”的英文复数是“travellers/travelers/tourists”。故填travellers/
travelers/tourists。
17．The weather forecast said the temperature would rise by five d (度) tomorrow.
【答案】degrees/egrees
【详解】句意：天气预报说明天温度将上升五度。根据汉语及首字母提示可知，应填degree“度”，表示温
度的单位，根据“five”可知，此处应用名词的复数形式degrees。故填degrees。
18．The girl put her arms around her mother’s s (肩膀) and gave her a kiss.
【答案】shoulders/houlders
【详解】句意：女孩搂着妈妈的肩膀，给了她一个吻。此处表示“肩膀”，英文表达为“shoulder”，可数
名词；根据语境可知，此处应用其复数形式“shoulders”，表示“妈妈的两个肩膀”。故填shoulders。
19．You can’t s (仅仅；只) memorize words; you should understand their meanings.
【答案】simply/imply
【详解】句意：你不能仅仅记住单词，你应该理解它们的意思。根据句子结构，此处需要填副词来修饰动
词“memorize”，“仅仅；只”对应的英文副词是“simply”。故填simply。
20．Teenagers r (面临危险) hurting their eyes if they use phones for too long.
【答案】risk/isk
【详解】句意：青少年如果长时间使用手机，有伤害眼睛的危险。根据首字母“r”及中文提示“面临危
险”可知，这里是搭配risk doing sth.“有做某事的危险/可能”，需要用动词risk，句子陈述客观现实，时态
为一般现在时，主语Teenagers是复数，动词用原形，符合语境及语法要求。故填risk。三、完形填空
The connection between humans and the wonders of nature is profound and timeless. For centuries, people
have sought to understand and communicate with the natural world, drawing inspiration and 21 from its
beauty and mystery.
When we immerse ourselves in nature, we experience a sense of calm that is hard to find in busy urban life.
The rustle of leaves in the forest, the roar of waterfalls, and the glow of stars in the night sky—all these elements
speak to us in their own unique way. To truly connect with nature, we need to be attentive 22 . We must
put aside our distractions and focus on the sights, sounds, and smells around us.
Many scientists and explorers 23 the secrets of nature for generations. From studying the
migration of birds to exploring the depths of the ocean, their work has helped us understand how the natural world
functions. Their efforts remind us that nature’s wonders are not just beautiful—they are also complex and fragile
systems that require our care.
Respect is another key aspect of communicating with nature. When we visit natural wonders, we should act
as guests, not masters. We should not pick flowers, disturb wildlife, or leave behind trash. These small acts of
respect 24 preserve nature’s beauty for future generations.
Some people argue that in the digital age, we are losing touch with nature. While it’s true that many of us
spend more time indoors, 25 with screens, the desire to connect with the natural world remains strong.
More and more people are choosing to spend their weekends hiking, camping, or exploring national parks, seeking
to rekindle their bond with nature.
In essence, communicating with nature is a two-way process. It requires us to listen as much as we observe,
and to give as much as we take. By 26 this connection, we not only enrich our own lives but also
contribute to the preservation of the planet’s most precious treasures.
The wonders of nature are gifts that should be cherished. They teach us about patience, resilience, and the
interconnectedness (相互联系，相互依存) of all living things. 27 we continue to nurture our
relationship with nature, we will ensure that these wonders endure for centuries to come.
Whether we are standing at the foot of a towering mountain, walking along a quiet beach, or simply
watching a sunset, we are engaging in a form of communication with the natural world. This communication 28us humility, reminding us that we are part of something much larger than ourselves.
In a world facing environmental challenges, our connection with nature is more important than ever. It
inspires us to take action to protect the planet and its wonders, ensuring that future generations can also experience
the joy and awe of 29 with nature.
So, let us embrace the opportunity to connect with the wonders of nature. Let us listen to its 30
voice, respect its power, and work together to protect it. In doing so, we will find not only peace and fulfillment but
also the strength to build a more sustainable future for all.
21．A．knowledge B．confusion C．chaos D．sadness
22．A．listeners B．speakers C．observers D．performers
23．A．have been exploring B．explore C．explored D．will explore
24．A．help B．helps C．helped D．will help
25．A．engage B．engaging C．engaged D．to engage
26．A．nurturing B．breaking C．ignoring D．ending
27．A．Unless B．If C．Though D．Because
28．A．bring B．brings C．brought D．will bring
29．A．communicating B．fighting C．competing D．struggling
30．A．fragile B．strong C．rigid D．temporary
【答案】
21．A 22．C 23．A 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．B 29．A 30．A
【导语】本文探讨了人类与自然奇观之间深刻而永恒的联系，强调了观察、尊重、保护自然以及与之沟通
的重要性。
21．句意：几个世纪以来，人们一直试图理解并与自然世界沟通，从其美丽与神秘中获得灵感和知识
knowledge知识；confusion困惑；chaos混乱；sadness悲伤。根据“drawing inspiration and… from its beautyand mystery”可知，从自然中汲取“知识”是合理的积极结果。故选A。
22．句意：为了真正与自然连接，我们需要成为专注的观察者。
listeners听众；speakers说话者；observers观察者；performers表演者。根据后文“focus on the sights,
sounds, and smells around us”可知，这要求我们成为“观察者”。故选C。
23．句意：许多科学家和探险家世世代代一直在探索自然的奥秘。
have been exploring一直在探索，现在完成进行时；explore探索，一般现在时；explored探索，一般过去时；
will explore将要探索，一般将来时。根据“for generations”可知，这是从过去持续到现在并可能继续的动
作，应用现在完成进行时。故选A。
24．句意：这些小小的尊重之举有助于为子孙后代保护自然的美丽。
help帮助，原形；helps帮助，三单；helped帮助，过去式；will help将要帮助，一般将来时。主语“These
small acts”是复数，且陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，故谓语动词用原形。故选A。
25．句意：虽然我们许多人在室内花费更多时间，沉浸在屏幕中，但与自然世界连接的渴望依然强烈。
engage参与；engaging参与，现在分词；engaged参与，过去分词；to engage参与，不定式。根据“spend
more time indoors…”可知，这里表示我们许多人在室内花费更多时间，此处是“spend time + doing”结构，
应用动名词“engaging”。故选B。
26．句意：通过培养这种联系，我们不仅丰富了自己的生活，也为保护地球最珍贵的财富做出了贡献。
nurturing培养；breaking打破；ignoring忽视；ending结束。根据“enrich our own lives”和“contribute to the
preservation”可知，这是积极行为，应“培养”这种联系。故选A。
27．句意：如果我们继续培育与自然的关系，我们将确保这些奇观在未来几个世纪里持续存在。
Unless除非；If如果；Though尽管；Because因为。根据“we will ensure that these wonders endure”可知，
前后是条件关系，应用“If”。故选B。
28．句意：这种沟通带给我们谦卑，提醒我们自己是比自身更宏大的存在的一部分。
bring带来，原形；brings带来，三单；brought带来，过去式；will bring将要带来，一般将来时。主语
“This communication”是单数，且陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，动词用三单形式“brings”。故选B。
29．句意：激励我们采取行动保护地球及其奇观，确保后代也能体验到与自然沟通的喜悦和敬畏。communicating沟通；fighting斗争；competing竞争；struggling挣扎。根据“awe of…with nature”可知，这
里表示确保后代也能体验到与自然沟通的喜悦和敬畏。故选A。
30．句意：让我们倾听它脆弱的声音，尊重它的力量，并共同努力保护它。
fragile脆弱的；strong强大的；rigid僵硬的；temporary临时的。根据“they are also complex and fragile
systems that require our care”可知，大自然的声音是脆弱的。故选A。
四、阅读理解
Natural wonders are not only sources of beauty but also vital to the health of our planet. From rainforests (热
带雨林) that produce oxygen to oceans that regulate the climate, these wonders play a crucial role in maintaining
the Earth’s ecological balance. Communicating with and protecting them is essential for our survival.
Rainforests are often called the “lungs of the Earth” because they absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
They are also home to millions of plant and animal species, many of which are found nowhere else on Earth.
However, rainforests are being destroyed at an alarming rate due to deforestation for agriculture and logging. This
destruction not only threatens biodiversity but also contributes to climate change.
Oceans are another vital natural wonder. They cover over 70% of the Earth’s surface and support countless
marine species. Oceans also help regulate the planet’s temperature by absorbing heat from the sun. Unfortunately,
ocean pollution, overfishing, and ocean acidification (海洋酸化) are putting these delicate ecosystems at risk. To
protect our oceans, we need to reduce plastic waste, support sustainable fishing practices, and address climate
change.
Mountains are also important natural wonders. They provide freshwater for billions of people, support
unique ecosystems, and offer recreational opportunities for outdoor enthusiasts. However, mountain regions are
facing threats such as deforestation, soil erosion, and the effects of climate change, including melting glaciers.
Protecting mountains means preserving their ecosystems and ensuring that they continue to provide essential
resources for future generations.
31．Why are rainforests called the “lungs of the Earth”?
A．Because they are home to many animals.B．Because they absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen.
C．Because they are large and green.
D．Because they produce a lot of rain.
32．What is the main threat to rainforests?
A．Climate change. B．Deforestation for agriculture and logging.
C．Ocean pollution. D．Soil erosion.
33．How do oceans help regulate the Earth’s temperature?
A．By absorbing heat from the sun. B．By producing oxygen.
C．By supporting marine species. D．By reducing plastic waste.
34．What do mountains provide for billions of people?
A．Food. B．Freshwater. C．Timber. D．Minerals.
35．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．The beauty of natural wonders.
B．The importance of natural wonders and the threats they face.
C．How to explore natural wonders.
D．The history of natural wonders.
【答案】31．B 32．B 33．A 34．B 35．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了雨林、海洋、山脉等自然奇观对地球生态平衡和人类生存的重要性，同时也说明
了这些自然奇观目前面临的威胁。
31．细节理解题。根据“Rainforests are often called the ‘lungs of the Earth’ because they absorb carbon dioxide
and release oxygen.”可知，雨林被称为“地球之肺”是因为它们吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据“However, rainforests are being destroyed at an alarming rate due to deforestation foragriculture and logging.”可知，雨林面临的主要威胁是农业和伐木导致的森林砍伐。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“Oceans also help regulate the planet’s temperature by absorbing heat from the sun.”可
知，海洋通过吸收太阳的热量来调节地球温度。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据“Mountains are also important natural wonders. They provide freshwater for billions of
people ...”可知，山脉为数十亿人提供淡水。故选B。
35．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了雨林、海洋、山脉等自然奇观的重要性以及它们面临的威胁。故选B。
五、选词填空
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限
用一次。
wonder admire visit see be have go feel enjoy protect
Nature has many amazing 36 that people all over the world love. The Great Barrier Reef in
Australia is one of them. It 37 a large number of colorful fish and coral reefs. Every year, millions of
tourists 38 it to admire its beauty.
I 39 the Great Barrier Reef with my parents two years ago. When I first saw it, I 40
shocked by its beauty. The water 41 clear and blue, and I could see fish swimming around freely. We
42 snorkeling and took many wonderful photos.
However, the Great Barrier Reef is in danger now because of pollution. We must 43 it. Nature’s
wonders are precious. We should love and protect them so that future generations can also 44 their
beauty. If you get a chance 45 there, don’t miss it.
【答案】
36．wonders 37．has 38．visit 39．saw 40．felt 41．was 42．enjoyed 43．
protect 44．admire 45．to go
【导语】本文主要介绍了澳大利亚大堡礁这一自然奇观的魅力，以及它当前面临的危机和保护的重要性。36．句意：大自然有许多令人惊叹的奇观，受到全世界人们的喜爱。根据“that people all over the world
love”及后文提到的大堡礁可知，此处指自然“奇观”，备选词wonder“奇观”符合语境，由“many”可知
用复数形式wonders。故填wonders。
37．句意：它有大量色彩鲜艳的鱼和珊瑚礁。根据“a large number of colorful fish and coral reefs”可知，此
处指大堡礁“有”这些生物，备选词have“有”符合语境，主语“It”是单数，用第三人称单数形式has。故
填has。
38．句意：每年，数百万游客参观它来欣赏它的美丽。根据“millions of tourists”和“to admire its beauty”可
知，游客会“参观”大堡礁，备选词visit“参观”符合语境，主语是复数，用动词原形。故填visit。
39．句意：两年前我和父母一起参观了大堡礁。根据“two years ago”可知，此处是过去的“参观”行为，
备选词see“看见；参观”符合语境，需用过去式saw。故填saw。
40．句意：当我第一次看到它时，我对它的美丽感到震惊。根据“shocked by its beauty”可知，此处是“感
到”震惊，备选词feel“感觉”符合语境，由“saw”可知用过去式felt。故填felt。
41．句意：水是清澈的蓝色，我能看到鱼在周围游来游去。根据“clear blue”可知，此处是描述水的状态，
备选词be“是”符合语境，主语“The water”是不可数名词，由上下文可知用过去式was。故填was。
42．句意：我们享受着浮潜，拍了很多照片。根据“snorkeling”可知，此处是“享受”浮潜，备选词
enjoy“享受”符合语境，由“took”可知用过去式enjoyed。故填enjoyed。
43．句意：我们必须保护它。根据“the Great Barrier Reef is in danger now because of pollution”可知，大堡
礁濒危，所以需要“保护”它，备选词protect“保护”符合语境，“must”后接动词原形。故填protect。
44．句意：我们应该爱护和保护它们，这样后代也能欣赏它们的美丽。根据“their beauty”可知，此处是
“欣赏”自然奇观的美丽，备选词admire“欣赏”符合语境，“can”后接动词原形。故填admire。
45．句意：如果你有机会去那里，不要错过。根据“get a chance”可知，此处是“有机会去那里”，“get a
chance to do”是固定搭配，备选词go“去”符合语境，需用不定式形式to go。故填to go。
