文档内容
Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature
话题阅读精练
模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介
八月炎天，度假巴西；雨林露营，险象环
Passage1 阅读理解 记叙文 240 生。作者在巴西雨林度假中都遇到了一些稀
奇古怪的事情。
时文阅读
巴西联邦共和国位于南美洲东部，东濒大西
Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 266 洋，是拉美地区最大的国家。本文简单介绍
这个国家的自然以及人文信息。
Passage1 完形填空 说明文 150 本文向我们介绍了乔戈里峰的相关信息。
本文主要讲述了一群大象向北迁徙来到了距
Passage2 完形填空 记叙文 270
离云南西双版纳500公里的地方的事情。
实战演练
本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的面积、地形和
Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 230
温度。
本文主要介绍了21世纪伟大的工程奇迹之一
Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 330
——青藏铁路。
Passage1
Brazilian Rainforest Adventures
巴西雨林奇遇
On a very hot August day, I was on vacation in Brazil. We were
camping near the wet Amazon rainforest. At first, everything went as
planned. We set up a tent and moved our things inside. I had a feeling that something amazing might happen.
I needed to have a rest, so I sat on a black stone. But it wasn’t a stone at all—it was a little baby chimpanzee
(黑猩猩)! I saw that the chimpanzee was in a strange state. It seemed as if it had a broken arm. So I put a banana
leaf around its arm. Then, it went to another chimpanzee which I believed was its mother.
时文阅读
A few minutes later, I went to have a swim. I rushed to the river and happened to jump onto a log. To my
surprise, the log under my feet moved. I was standing on a crocodile (鳄鱼)! It slipped slowly into the river and
started to swim. Suddenly, the crocodile turned over and I fell into the water. The next thing I saw was a huge
waterfall (瀑布)!I fell down the waterfall and landed in a secret hole behind the waterfall! Then, I saw the sunlight on the other
side of the hole. It was a big hole! To my surprise, I found out that I was back to my tent. Nobody seemed to notice
me.
在一个非常炎热的八月天，我正在巴西度假。我们在潮湿的亚马逊雨林附近露营。起初，一切都按计
划顺利进行。我们搭了一个帐篷，把我们的东西搬进去。直觉告诉我，接下来可能会发生一些惊人的事情。
我需要休息一下，于是我坐在了一块黑色的石头上。但它根本不是一块石头——它是一只小黑猩猩！
我察觉到黑猩猩状态不太对，它的胳膊好像断了。于是我在它的手臂边放了一片香蕉叶。然后，它去到了
另一只黑猩猩那，它一定是小黑猩猩的母亲。
几分钟后，我去游泳了。我冲到河边，碰巧跳到一根原木上。我惊讶地发现我脚下的原木动了。我站
在了一只鳄鱼上！它缓缓滑入河中，开始游动。突然，鳄鱼翻了个身，我掉进了水里。然后我看到了一个
巨大的瀑布！
我从瀑布上摔下来，落在了瀑布后面的一个秘密洞里！我看到了洞口另一边的阳光。那是一个大洞！
令我惊讶的是，我发现我回到了我的帐篷。似乎没有人察觉到这一切。
【长难句分析】
1.At first, everything went as planned.
本句含有as引导的方式状语从句，主句和从句的主语一致，且从句中的谓语含有be动词的某种形式，可
以省略从句的主语和谓语it was，as意为“按照……的方式（样子）”。
2. It seemed as if it had a broken arm.
It seems/seemed as if…句型用来表达“看起来好像……”，其中seem为系动词，后面跟的是as if引导的表语
从句。当表示真实情况时，从句使用陈述语气，否则就用虚拟语气。
3. Then, it went to another chimpanzee which I believed was its mother.
本句含有which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词another chimpanzee，which在从句中作主语，不可省略，I
believed为插入语。
【重难词汇梳理】
August [ˈɔːɡəst] n. 八月 sunlight [ˈsʌnlaɪt] n. 阳光
Amazon rainforest亚马逊雨林 to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
set up搭起；搭建 find out 发现
tent [tent] n. 帐篷 notice [ˈnoʊtɪs] v. 注意；察觉
turn over 翻身 secret [ˈsiːkrət] adj. 秘密的
典句分析
【读后练习】Ⅰ. Fill in the mind map according to passage.
Ⅱ.Choose the best answer.
5. Something was wrong with_________ .
A. the baby chimpanzee B. the mother chimpanzee
C. the crocodile D. the writer himself
6. What does the underlined word “log” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. riverside B. crude wood
C. plastic bottle D. bamboo pole
7. What happened after the crocodile turned over?
A. The writer jumped onto the land.
B. The writer climbed up into a boat.
C. The writer fell into the water.
D. The writer fought against the crocodile.
8. This article is a .
A. science fiction B. personal diary
C. current news D. commercial advertisement
Ⅲ. Talk with your partners and write down your answers.
9. What amazing things did you dream about?
_________________________________________________________________________
10. Where would you like to spend your holidays next summer? Why？_________________________________________________________________________
Passage2
Hello, Brazil!
你好，巴西！
Located in the eastern part of South America, Brazil covers 8.51
million square kilometers and has about 217 million people. It is rich
in resources like minerals, land, forests, and water power and has the
strongest economy in Latin America.
Life kingdom
The Amazon rainforest, known as “the lungs of the planet”, houses numerous plant and animal species, as well
as a million indigenous (本土的) people. Most of it is in Brazil.
Carnival
Carnival is a significant event in Brazil, with Rio de Janeiro being the top draw for tourists. Its Carnival is one
of the biggest and most luxurious globally activities.
Delicacy
Beans are main food in Brazil, symbolizing the nation’s cuisine. They represent the country’s culinary identity,
shaped by its history of poverty, colonization (殖民化), and modernization.
Vista Chinese
The Vista Chinesa, a Chinese-style pavilion (亭子) in Tijuca National Park, offers attractive city views. Built
in the early 1900s, it honors the first tea farmers.
翻译：巴西位于南美洲东部，占地851万平方千米，人口约2.17亿。它拥有丰富的矿产、土地、森
林和水力等资源，是拉丁美洲最强大的经济体。
生命王国
亚马逊雨林被称为“地球之肺”，是无数动植物物种的家园，也是 100万土著居民的家园。大部分都在
巴西。
狂欢节
狂欢节是巴西的一项重要活动，里约热内卢狂欢节是最吸引游客的地方。它的狂欢节是全球规模最大
最豪华的活动之一。
美味豆类是巴西的主要食物，象征着这个国家的美食。它们代表了这个国家的烹饪身份，这是由其贫穷、
殖民和现代化的历史所塑造的。
中国亭
位于蒂茹卡国家公园的中式凉亭“Vista Chinese”可以欣赏到迷人的城市景色。它建于20世纪初，是为
了纪念第一批茶农。
【长难句分析】
1.Its Carnival is one of the biggest and most luxurious globally activities.
它的狂欢节是全球规模最大、最奢华的活动之一。这是一个简单句，one of +最高级+可数名词复数，表示
“最……的之一”。
【重难词汇梳理】
locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ v.位于cover /ˈkʌvə(r)/ v.占（一片 动
面积） represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v.代表
million /ˈmɪljən/ num.一百万 poverty /ˈpɒvəti/ n.贫困
be rich in 富含；充满 attractive /əˈtræktɪv/ adj.吸引人的
economy /ɪˈkɒnəmi/ n.经济 honor /ˈɒnə(r)/ v.纪念
known as 被称为 as well as 也event /ɪˈvent/ n.活
【读后练习】
I. Complete the mind map with the information from the text.
II. Choose the right answer.
1. Where is Brazil located?
A. In the western part of South America.
B. In the eastern part of South America.
C. In the northern part of South America.D. In the southern part of South America.
2.What is the significance of the Amazon rainforest?
A. It is the largest desert in the world.
B. It is known as “the lungs of the planet” and houses numerous species.
C. It is primarily located in Argentina.
D. It is a popular tourist destination for beaches.
3.What does the underlined word “luxurious” mean?
A. 盛大的 B.疯狂的 C.冷清的 D.满意的
4.Which part of a magazine does the passage probably come from?
A.Sports World. B.Food and Health. C.Family Life. D. Nature and Culture.
III. Complete the summary of the text.
Brazil is located 1.________ the eastern part of South America. It is a large country that covers 8.51 million
square kilometers and 2.________ (has) a population of about 217 million people. The country is very rich in
resources, 3.________ (include) minerals, land, forests, and water power. Brazil has the 4.________ (strong)
economy in Latin America.
The Amazon rainforest is home to many different 5.________ (type) of plants and animals. There are also
about a million indigenous people living in the rainforest.
Carnival is a very 6.________ (importance) event in Brazil. Rio de Janeiro is the most popular place for
tourists to go to celebrate Carnival. The Carnival in Rio de Janeiro is one of the biggest and most luxurious
7.________ (activity) in the world.
Beans are a very important food in Brazil. They are a symbol of the 8.________ (country) cuisine. Beans
represent the history of Brazil’s food, which has been 9.________ (shape) by its past of poverty, colonization, and
modernization.
The Vista Chinese is a special place in Tijuca National Park. It is a Chinese-style pavilion that offers beautiful
views of the city. It was built in the early 1900s 10.________ (honor) the first tea farmers in Brazil.
实战演练
Passage1
（23-24八年级下·广东·课前预习）Have you ever heard of Mount K2 (乔戈里峰)? It is known as SavageMountain because many people 1 die or get hurt while they were climbing it.
K2 is the second highest mountain in the world after Qomolangma. People never 2 Mount K2 in
winter. Both storms and cold weather make it 3 to climb this mountain during that time. K2 is famous as
one of the most 4 mountains to climb. It is known by different 5 such as Chogori, Ketu and
Mount Godwin-Austen. The name Chogori 6 “the king of mountains”.
A part of the mountain lies in Pakistan. The other 7 of the mountain lie in Xinjiang, China.
Thomas Montgomerie did the first survey of Mount K2 and measured its height. He named the 8 K2
—“K” stood for Kechu. K2 was the second mountain listed, so the name 9 the number “2”. The 10
time to climb K2 is between April and October. It takes at least 3 weeks to complete the climbing.
1．A．used to B．tried to C．shouted to D．listened to
2．A．fall B．achieve C．succeed D．climb
3．A．important B．impossible C．surprised D．amazing
4．A．difficult B．delicious C．expensive D．boring
5．A．names B．pictures C．classes D．stories
6．A．listens B．shows C．calls D．means
7．A．objects B．parts C．voices D．opinions
8．A．mountain B．desert C．river D．survey
9．A．led B．had C．beat D．broke
10．A．oldest B．farthest C．best D．newest
Passage2
Last year, a group of elephants made a decision(决定): go north! After months of traveling, they 1
it 500 kilometers away from their home in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan. And it seems that they are not going to 2
their trip anytime soon. “Asian elephants often stay within certain areas. It’s very 3 to see them travel
such a long way,” said Chen Mingyong, a life sciences professor at Yunnan University.
Scientists are 4 not sure why they are doing this. Some believe it’s because they are looking for
better food. According to Zhao Huaidong from the International Fund for Animal Welfare, the number of Asian
elephants is 5 because of human protection efforts(努力). So their old homes might not have enough
food for them. Meanwhile, the crops, vegetables and fruit that people grow are quite attractive to elephants.
6 possibility, according to Chen, is that they have lost their way. Some scientists also believe thatthey are traveling due to migratory instinct(迁徙本能). Recent solar activity has changed Earth’s magnetic field(磁
场). This might make the elephants think that they 7 migrate.
During their long journey, the 15 elephants have already damaged 561,333 square meters of crops and
caused economic losses of nearly 6.8 million yuan. But since they are 8 Class-A protection in China, the
same as the giant panda, we need to protect them. To ensure the safety of both humans and the elephants, people
have fed them tons of food to guide them 9 from towns and cities. Seventy-six police cars and trucks and
nine drones(无人机) have been used to keep an 1 0 on the elephants. Scientists also suggest that we
should use harmless fences(栅栏) to guide them on their way home.
1．A．went B．walked C．made D．ran
2．A．start B．change C．stop D．turn
3．A．interesting B．unusual C．common D．surprised
4．A．maybe B．still C．already D．instead
5．A．raising B．keeping C．falling D．rising
6．A．Another B．The other C．Other D．One
7．A．may B．should C．shall D．will
8．A．below B．under C．through D．among
9．A．away B．out C．into D．around
10．A．ear B．eye C．arm D．answer
Passage3
The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. It is about 9 600 000 square kilometers in size. This
is almost the size of the America or China. The desert covers eleven countries in the north of Africa.
The Nile runs through the Sahara Desert all year round. But there are also other rivers running through it
seasonally (季节性地). The geography of the desert includes huge sand dunes (沙丘) and dune fields. Some of the
sand dunes are 80 huge that they can even be over 152 meters high. But there are also other amazing landforms (地
形) in different parts of the desert.
It is very hot and dry in the Sahara Desert. The temperature there is usually 30℃. However, during the
hottest months, the temperature can go over 50℃. Because of the high temperatures and poor conditions of the
desert, only a few plants live here, just about 500 kinds. They also play a role in the number of animals. In thedriest part of the desert, there are only 70 different kinds of animals.
Today the Sahara’s population is around four million. They move from place to place through the desert.
Because of this there are many different cultures and languages in this area.
1．From the first paragraph we can know that the Sahara Desert ________.
A．is the same as America in size B．is almost as big as China
C．is about 960 000 square kilometers in size D．covers eleven countries in the south of Africa
2．What does the underlined word “They” refer to?
A．High temperatures and poor conditions. B．Some plants and animals.
C．Huge dunes and dune fields. D．Languages and culture.
3．What can’t we know about the Sahara Desert?
A．Its size. B．Its landforms. C．Its temperatures. D．Its future.
4．What can we learn from the passage?
A．There is no water in the Sahara Desert. B．Only the Nile goes through the desert.
C．There are only seventy different kinds of plants living there.
D．The Sahara area is rich in culture and language.
5．Where can we find the passage most probably?
A．In a storybook. B．In a sports magazine.
C．In a geography book. D．In a health newspaper.
Passage4
（2022·江苏苏州·中考真题）All aboard! Let’s take a ride on the world’s highest railway—the Qinghai-
Xizang Railway（青藏铁路）. Sit back and enjoy the journey. Get ready for the trip of a lifetime.
We’re leaving Qinghai Station. The scenery along the way is some of the
wildest in all of China. Keep your eyes open as we race through this beautiful land.
You might see a rare Xizangan antelope（藏羚羊）from your window.
Before we begin our journey, let’s learn about this amazing railway. It’s truly one of the great engineering
wonders of the 21st century. When it was completed on July 1, 2006, the Xizang Railway set nine world records,
including the world’s highest railway at 5,072 metres above sea level, the world’s highest tunnel（隧道）at 4,905
metres, and the longest tunnel ever built on permafrost（冻土）.
As we travel higher, the air gets thinner and thinner. Soon there will only be 50 to 60 percent of the oxygen
which we are used to breathing. But don’t be afraid. Each rail car has two separate oxygen systems. One systemspreads oxygen throughout the train at all times. And each passenger can also get a personal oxygen mask just like
those used in planes.
Here are a few more things to think about as our train leaves the station. The designers solved three main
challenges when building this great railway. First, the high altitude（海拔）made the task difficult because there
was no enough oxygen. Second, much of the railway runs across permafrost, a type of ground that keeps changing
as the weather warms and cools. Finally, the railway goes through some of the most sensitive ecology（敏感的生
态环境）in China. Great care was necessary to make sure of the smallest possible influence on nature.
All three challenges were met, making our trip possible. All aboard! The train to Xizang is leaving in fifteen
minutes.
1．Where are the passengers?
A．On a bus. B．On a train. C．On a ship. D．On a plane.
2．How does the text show the railway is amazing in paragraph 3?
A．By telling a story. B．By using a designer’s words.
C．By introducing its world records. D．By comparing the present with the past.
3．How many oxygen systems are there in each rail car?
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
4．Which of the following increased the difficulty of building the railway?
A．The changing ground. B．The polluted air. C．The dangerous animals. D．The hot weather.
