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Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)

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Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)
Unit4八下单元重点知识-2026春人教版英语_新人教八下资料包_00、更新资料3月16日_知识总结(4)_新课标资料(看这里面)

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2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 Unit 4 The Wonders of Nature 单元重点知识 一、词汇巩固 (一)核心名词(自然奇观 & 地理相关) 1. wonder /ˈwʌndə(r)/ (n.) 奇观;惊叹 例:Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders ofthe world, attracting thousands of climbers every year.(珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最伟大的奇观之一,每年吸引数千名 登山者。) 2. measurement /ˈmeʒəmənt/ (n.) 数量;测量 例:The measurement of Mount Qomolangma’s height in 2020 was 8,848.86 metres, which is more accurate than previous data.(2020 年珠穆朗玛峰的高度测量结果为 8848.86 米,比以往数据更精确。) 3. depth /dept/ (n.) 深(度);纵深 例:The Mariana Trench has a depth of about 11,000 metres, making it the deepest point in the ocean.(马里亚纳海沟的深度约为 11000 米,是海洋中最深的地方。) 4. surface /ˈsɜːfɪs/ (n.) 表面;表层 例:The surface of the Dead Sea is 416 metres below sea level, so even non-swimmers can float easily.(死海的表面海拔为 - 416 米,即使不会游泳的人也能轻松漂浮。) 5. civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ (n.) 文明 例:Both the Nile and the Yellow River helped ancient civilizations develop, as their waters provided fertile land for farming.(尼罗河和黄河都孕育了古代文明,因为它们 的河水为农业提供了肥沃的土地。) 6. climber /ˈklaɪmə(r)/ (n.) 攀登者;登山者 例:Only experienced climbers can reach the top of Mount Qomolangma, as they need to survive extreme weather and thin air.(只有经验丰富的登山者才能登上珠峰顶部,因为 他们需要应对极端天气和稀薄空气。) (二)重点动词(探索 & 测量 & 描述) 1. measure /ˈmeʒə(r)/ (v.) 测量;量度为2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 例:In 2020, a Chinese team returned to Mount Qomolangma to measure its height, using advanced technology.(2020 年,一支中国团队带着先进技术重返珠峰测量高度。) 2. dive /daɪv/ (v.&n.) 潜水;跳水;俯冲 例:China’s Fendouzhe dived into the Mariana Trench in 2020, filming the deep-sea environment for scientific research.(2020 年,中国 “奋斗者” 号潜入马里亚纳海 沟,拍摄深海环境用于科学研究。) 3. attract /ə 'trækt/ (v.) 吸引;招引 例:Lake Baikal attracts many curious travellers every year because of its clear water and unique wildlife.(贝加尔湖因其清澈的湖水和独特的野生动物,每年吸引众多好奇的 游客。) 4. survive /sə 'vaɪv/ (v.) 生存;存活;艰难度过 例:Climbers must survive terrible conditions on Mount Qomolangma, such as -30℃ temperatures and high cliffs.(登山者必须在珠峰的恶劣环境中存活,比如 - 30℃的低 温和高耸的悬崖。) 5. include /ɪn 'klu:d/ (v.) 包含;包括 例:The Great Barrier Reef includes over 900 islands and a large variety of coral and fish species.(大堡礁包含 900 多个岛屿以及种类繁多的珊瑚和鱼类。) 6. explore /ɪk 'splɔ:(r)/ (v.) 探索;勘探 例:Scientists continue to explore the deep sea, as there is still much unknown about the ocean floor.(科学家们持续探索深海,因为海底仍有许多未知之处。)。 (三)关键形容词(自然特征 & 程度描述) 1. deep /di:p/ (adj.) 深的;(adv.) 深深地 例:The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean, and some areas are even deeper than 11,000 metres.(马里亚纳海沟是海洋最深的部分,部分区域深度甚至超过 11000米。) 2. high /haɪ/ (adj.) 高的;(adv.) 高地 例:Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world, and its peak is covered with snow all year round.(珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰,山顶终年积雪。) 3. natural / 'nætʃrəl/ (adj.) 自然的;天然的 例:The Great Barrier Reefis a natural wonder, formed by coral polyps over millions of years.(大堡礁是自然奇观,由珊瑚虫历经数百万年形成。)2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 4. changeable /ˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/ (adj.) 可能变化的;易变的 例:The weather on Mount Qomolangma is very changeable—sunny skies can turn into storms in minutes.(珠峰的天气变幻莫测,晴朗的天空可能在几分钟内变成暴风雨。) 5. unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ (adj.) 特别的;不寻常的 例:Many deep-sea animals have unusual abilities, such as creating their own light to survive in dark waters.(许多深海动物拥有特殊能力,比如在黑暗的海水中自行发光 以存活。) 二、词形变换 1. deep (adj. 深的) → depth (n. 深度) → deeply (adv. 深深地) → deeper ( 比较级) → deepest (最高级) 例:The lake is 200 metres deep.(这个湖深 200 米。) We measured the depth of the river using a special tool.(我们用特殊工具测量了这条 河的深度。) She was deeply moved by the beauty of the Great Barrier Reef.(她被大堡礁的美景深 深打动。) The Pacific Ocean is deeper than the Atlantic Ocean.(太平洋比大西洋深。) The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean.(马里亚纳海沟是海洋最深的 部分。) 2. high (adj. 高的) → height (n. 高度) → highly (adv. 高度地) → higher ( 比较级) → highest (最高级) 例:Mount Kilimanjaro is 5,895 metres high.(乞力马扎罗山高 5895 米。) The height of Mount Qomolangma was updated to 8,848.86 metres in 2020.(2020 年, 珠穆朗玛峰的高度更新为 8848.86 米。) Scientists think highly of China’s achievements in deep-sea exploration.(科学家高度评 价中国在深海探索中的成就。) The Yangtze River is higher than the Yellow River in average water level.(长江的平均水 位比黄河高。) Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain on Earth.(珠穆朗玛峰是地球上最高的山。) 3. natural (adj. 自然的) → nature (n. 自然) → naturally (adv. 自然地)2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 例:The natural scenery of Lake Baikal is breathtaking.(贝加尔湖的自然景色令人 惊叹。) We should protect nature and keep natural wonders alive.(我们应该保护自然,让自然 奇观存续。) Plants in the Sahara Desert naturally adapt to dry conditions.(撒哈拉沙漠的植物能自然 适应干旱环境。) 4. explore (v. 探索) → explorer (n. 探险者) → exploration (n. 探索) 例:Chinese scientists continue to explore the deep sea with advanced vessels.(中国科学 家用先进的科考船持续探索深海。) George Mallory was a famous explorer who tried to climb Mount Qomolangma.(乔治・ 马洛里是著名的探险者,曾试图攀登珠穆朗玛峰。) The exploration of the Mariana Trench has revealed many new species.(对马里亚纳海 沟的探索发现了许多新物种。) 5. measure (v. 测量) → measurement (n. 测量;尺寸) → measurable (adj. 可测量的) 例:The team will measure the area of the Taklimakan Desert next month.(该团队下 个月将测量塔克拉玛干沙漠的面积。) The measurement data of the Nile River’s length is about 6,671 kilometres.(尼罗河长 度的测量数据约为 6671 公里。) The changes in the Sahara Desert’s size are measurable with satellite technology.(借助卫 星技术,撒哈拉沙漠面积的变化是可测量的。) 三、重点短语 1. natural wonder 自然奇观 例:The Great Barrier Reef is one of the most famous natural wonders, known for its rich marine life.(大堡礁是最著名的自然奇观之一,以丰富的海洋生物闻名。) 2. below sea level 低于海平面 例:The surface of the Dead Sea is 416 metres below sea level, which is why it’s easy to float in it.(死海表面海拔为 - 416 米,这也是在其中容易漂浮的原因。) 3. in size 在尺寸 / 面积上 例:The Sahara Desert is about 9 million square kilometres in size, covering 30% of Africa. (撒哈拉沙漠面积约为 900 万平方公里,覆盖非洲 30% 的土地。)2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 4. adapt to 适应 例:Camels can adapt to the dry and hot climate of the Sahara Desert by storing water in their humps.(骆驼能通过在驼峰中储水,适应撒哈拉沙漠干旱炎热的气候。) 5. die out 灭绝;消失 例:If we don’t protect the Great Barrier Reef, many coral species will die out in the future. (如果不保护大堡礁,未来许多珊瑚物种将灭绝。) 6. carry out 开展;执行(探索、研究等) 例:Chinese scientists carried out a deep-sea exploration in the Mariana Trench in 2020. (2020 年,中国科学家在马里亚纳海沟开展了深海探索。) 7. be known for 因 … … 而闻名 例:Lake Baikal is known for being the deepest freshwater lake in the world.(贝加尔湖 因是世界上最深的淡水湖而闻名。) 8. a variety of 各种各样的 例:The Amazon Rainforest has a variety of plants and animals, making it a “natural gene bank” .(亚马逊雨林拥有各种各样的动植物,是 “天然基因库” 。) 9. risk one’s life 冒着生命危险 例:Many climbers risk their lives to climb Mount Qomolangma, driven by curiosity and ambition.(在好奇心和雄心的驱使下,许多登山者冒着生命危险攀登珠穆朗玛峰。) 四、重点句型 1. 介绍自然奇观的基本信息(名称 + 特征 + 数据):[Natural wonder] is [adjective] in the world. It has a [measurement type] of [number], such as [specific data]. 例:Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It has a height of 8,848.86 metres, making it a dream for climbers.(珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰,高度为 8848.86 米,是登山者的梦想之地。)The Mariana Trench is the deepest point in the ocean. It has a depth of about 11,000 metres, and few humans have reached its bottom.(马里亚纳 海沟是海洋最深点,深度约为 11000 米,极少有人抵达过其底部。) 2. 描 述 自 然 奇 观 的 形 成 或 作 用 ( 原 因 + 结 果 ) : [Natural wonder] helps [something/someone] [action], because [reason]. / [Natural wonder] was formed [way], after [time]. 例:The Yellow River helps ancient Chinese civilizations develop, because its water provides fertile land for farming.(黄河孕育了中国古代文明,因为它的河水为农业提2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 供了肥沃的土地。)The Great Barrier Reef was formed by coral polyps, after millions of years of growth.(大堡礁由珊瑚虫形成,历经了数百万年的生长。) 3. 比较不同自然奇观的特征(A 与 B 的差异):[Wonder A] is [comparative adjective] than [Wonder B] in [aspect], such as [data 1] vs [data 2]. Both are [shared feature]. 例:The Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River in China, with a length of 6,300 kilometres vs 5,464 kilometres. Both are important for China’s agriculture.(中国的长江 比黄河长,长度分别为 6300 公里和 5464 公里,两者对中国农业都很重要。) The Sahara Desert is larger than the Taklimakan Desert, covering 9 million square kilometres vs 337,600 square kilometres. Both are dry and have extreme temperatures.(撒哈拉沙漠 比塔克拉玛干沙漠大,面积分别为 900 万平方公里和 33.76 万平方公里,两者都干 旱且温差极端。) 4. 说明人类对自然的探索行动(主体 + 行动 + 目的):[Explorer/Team] [action, e.g., explored/dived/measured] [natural wonder] in [year], in order to [purpose]. 例:China’s Fendouzhe dived into the Mariana Trench in 2020, in order to film the deep-sea environment and study marine life.(2020 年,中国 “奋斗者” 号潜入马里 亚纳海沟,为了拍摄深海环境并研究海洋生物。)A Chinese climbing team measured Mount Qomolangma in 2020, in order to get a more accurate height for scientific research. (2020 年,一支中国登山队测量珠穆朗玛峰,为了获取更精确的高度用于科学研 究。) 5. 提出自然保护的建议(问题 + 措施):If we don’t [protect action], [negative result] will happen to [natural wonder]. So we should [specific measure]. 例:If we don’t reduce ocean pollution, more coral in the Great Barrier Reef will die. So we should stop throwing rubbish into the ocean.(如果不减少海洋污染,大堡礁的更多 珊瑚将死亡,所以我们应该停止向海洋扔垃圾。)If we don’t control climate change, the Sahara Desert will keep growing. So we should cut down on carbon emissions.(如果 不控制气候变化,撒哈拉沙漠将持续扩大,所以我们应该减少碳排放。) 6. 描述自然奇观的独特之处(特征 + 影响):What makes [natural wonder] special is that [unique feature]. This feature allows [result, e.g., animals to survive/people to benefit]. 例:What makes the Dead Sea special is that its water is extremely salty. This feature allows people to float easily on its surface.(死海的特别之处在于它的水含盐量极高, 这一特征让人们能轻松在水面漂浮。)What makes Lake Baikal special is that it’s the deepest freshwater lake. This feature supports over 1,200 unique animal species.(贝加尔 湖的特别之处在于它是最深的淡水湖,这一特征支撑着 1200 多种独特的动物物 种。)2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 7. 询问自然奇观的具体信息(疑问词 + 特征):How [adjective, e.g., high/deep/large] is [natural wonder]? / Where is [natural wonder] located? 例:How high is Mount Qomolangma? It’s 8,848.86 metres high, the highest mountain in the world .Where is the Mariana Trench located? It’s in the western Pacific Ocean, known 13 as the deepest point on Earth.(这类句型对应单元 Section A 中的 “地理问答” 场 景,如游戏节目中的提问环节,帮助学生掌握用疑问词获取自然奇观关键信息的方 式, 同时结合具体数据增强表述准确性。) 8. 阐述自然奇观对生态的意义(主体 + 作用 + 对象) :[Natural wonder] plays an important role in [ecological aspect], providing [resource/condition] for [living things]. 例:The Amazon Rainforest plays an important role in regulating the global climate, providing oxygen for humans and animals9.Qinghai Lake plays an important role in maintaining the local ecosystem, providing water and food for nearby birds and fish.(单 元中 “自然与生态关联” 是核心主题之一,这类句型通过 “作用 + 对象” 的结构, 清晰说明自然奇观的生态价值,如亚马逊雨林的气候调节作用、青海湖的生态维系 作用。) 9. 描述人类探索 自然的成就(主体 + 成就 + 时间) : [Country/Team] achieved [achievement] in [exploring natural wonder] in [year], which [significance]. 例:China achieved the first successful climb to the top of Mount Qomolangma from the northern side in 1960, which broke the “Death Road” myth.China achieved a deep- sea dive of over 10,000 metres with the Fendouzhe in 2020, which helped collect valuable deep-sea data.(单元多次提及中国在自然探索中的成就,这类句型通过 “成就 + 意 义” 的表述,突出人类探索自然的突破,如 1960 年珠峰北坡登顶、2020 年 “奋 斗者” 号深海探测。) 10. 说明自然环境的极端特征(地点 + 特征 + 表现):The [natural environment] of [natural wonder] is extremely [adjective], such as [specific phenomenon]. 例:The weather of Mount Qomolangma is extremely changeable, such as sudden storms and temperatures dropping to -30℃ .The climate of the Sahara Desert is extremely dry 3 and hot, such as less than 250 millimetres of annual rainfall .(单元中 “极端自然环境” 11 是人类探索自然的重要背景,这类句型通过 “特征 + 具体现象”,让极端环境的描 述更具象,如珠峰的天气变化、撒哈拉沙漠的干旱特征。) 五、重点语法2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 (一)形容词 / 副词的比较级与最高级 1. 核心用法 . 比较级:用于两者之间的比较,常与 “than” 连用,描述自然奇观在 “高度、深度、 面积” 等维度的差异。 例:The Yangtze River is longer than the Yellow River in China.(长江比中国的黄河 长。) The Mariana Trench is deeper than any other part of the ocean.(马里亚纳海沟比 海洋其他任何部分都深。) . 最高级:用于三者及以上的比较,常与 “the” 连用,后接 “in/of” 短语限定范围, 强调自然奇观的 “极致特征”。 例:Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.(珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高 峰。)The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world.(撒哈拉沙漠是世界最大 的热沙漠。) 2. 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 单元应用场景 The Great Barrier Reef is one of the good/well better best best places to study marine life. The weather on Mount Qomolangma can bad/badly worse worst get worse quickly. The Amazon Rainforest has the most many/much more most variety of plants and animals. The Dead Sea has less oxygen than other little less least seas, so few fish live there. 3. 语法难点:“the + 比较级,the + 比较级” . 用法:表示 “越 … … ,越 … …” ,用于描述自然现象的变化趋势。 例:The higher you climb Mount Qomolangma, the thinner the air becomes.(在珠峰上 爬得越高,空气越稀薄。)The drier the climate becomes, the larger the Sahara Desert grows. (气候越干燥,撒哈拉沙漠扩大得越厉害。)2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 (二)大数的表达与应用 1. 基本构成 . 千位数:1,000 = one thousand;10,000 = ten thousand 例:The Mariana Trench is about 11,000 metres deep.(马里亚纳海沟约 11000 米深。) . 百万位数:1,000,000 = one million 例:The Sahara Desert is about 9,000,000 square kilometres in size.(撒哈拉沙漠面积约 900 万平方公里。) . 复合表达:“数字 + 单位 + 形容词”,如 8,848.86 metres high(8848.86 米高)、 416 metres below sea level(低于海平面 416 米) 例:The Dead Sea’s surface is 416 metres below sea level.(死海表面低于海平面 416 米。) 2. 应用场景 . 描述自然奇观的尺寸:用于 “高度、深度、面积” 等数据表述,是单元 “地理事实陈 述” 的核心技能。 例:The Yangtze River is about 6,300 kilometres long.(长江约 6300 公里长。) Lake Baikal covers 31,500 square kilometres.(贝加尔湖面积 31500 平方公里。) (三)连词 so that( 目的状语从句) 1. 核心用法 . 引导目的状语从句:表示 “为了;以便” ,从句常含情态动词 can/could/will/would ,说明主句动作的目的,对应单元 “人类探索自然的目的”“自然保护的目的” 等场景。 例:Chinese scientists measured Mount Qomolangma in 2020 so that they could get a more accurate height.(2020 年中国科学家测量珠峰,为了获取更精确的高度。)We should protect the Great Barrier Reef so that future generations can see its beauty.(我们应 该保护大堡礁,以便后代能看到它的美。) 2. 与 “in order that” 的区别 . 共性:均引导目的状语从句,可互换;2026 人教版英语八下单元重点知识 . 差异:so that 引导的从句可位于主句前或后,in order that 引导的从句多位于主句 后,且更正式。 例:So that we can learn more about the deep sea, we need to develop better vessels. (为了更多了解深海,我们需要研发更好的科考船。) We need to develop better vessels in order that we can learn more about the deep sea. (我们需要研发更好的科考船,为了更多了解深海。) (四)现在完成时 1. 单元高频用法:表示 “过去探索行动对现在的影响” . 结构:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 . 标志词:already(已经)、ever(曾经)、never(从未)、since(自从) 例:China has already achieved many successes in exploring natural wonders, such as climbing Mount Qomolangma and diving into the Mariana Trench.(中国在自然探索中已 取得诸多成就,如攀登珠峰和潜入马里亚纳海沟。)Scientists have never stopped exploring the deep sea, as there are still many unknowns.(科学家从未停止探索深海, 因为仍有许多未知之处。) 2. 与一般过去时的对比 . 现在完成时:强调过去动作对现在的影响,不与具体过去时间状语(如 in 1960, last year)连用; . 一般过去时:仅表示过去发生的动作,与具体过去时间状语连用。 例:A Chinese team climbed Mount Qomolangma in 1960.(1960 年一支中国团队攀 登了珠峰。—— 一般过去时,仅陈述过去事件)A Chinese team has climbed Mount Qomolangma, which has inspired many climbers.(一支中国团队攀登过珠峰,这激励了 许多登山者。—— 现在完成时,强调对现在的影响)